How to change the world

A lecture by Melih [email protected]

How to Change the WorldSocial Entrepreneurship and the Power of New Ideas

David Bornstein


Mohammed Yunus, Grameen Bank


Yunus and the Grameen Bank 1970s: War against Pakistan, flooding, famine

80% of the population living in poverty

Yunus: Economist trained in the US teaching at Chittagong University ( southeast Bangladesh)

1976: Yunus started a series of experiments lending to poor households in nearby Jobra

Activities financed: rice husking, bamboo weaving

Finding: poor borrowers without collateral making profits and repaying


Financing out of his own pocket could not meet growing demand

Yunus convinced the Bangladesh Central Bank to help him set up a special branch that catered the poor of Jobra

Another trial in Tangail (North Central Bangladesh) assured success was not region-specific

Grameen went nationwide, village by village, thanks to donor agencies: IFAD, Ford Foundation, and the governments of Bangladesh, Norway, and the Netherlands


-- Rapid growth


Group lending methodology No Collaterals requested.

Group of potential clients form groups (5 members)

Loans made to individual participants within the group

Joint responsibility: if a member defaults all members have to pay for her or else the entire group excluded from future loans

Group lending under joint responsibility gives costumers incentives to select responsible partners, to (peer) monitor, and repay

A five-member group is in turn part of a larger “center” composed of eight groups

A lecture by Melih [email protected] Rosa, Brasil

Rio Grande do Sul, Palmares.

To address the high water costs, Rosa suggested expanding rural electrification to allow more farmers to drop their own wells for irrigation rather than paying exorbitant fees for water rights held by others.[3]

Prof. Ennio Amaral (inventor of low cost electric transformator)

In 1992, Rosa established Sistemas de Tecnologia Agroelectro (STA) to popularize solar energy. He recognized that that the critical barrier to the adoption of solar energy was its high cost. Thus, he worked to make it attractive by pairing it with electric fencing, which could help address Brazil's problems with overgrazing.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fabio_Rosa

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fabio_Rosa

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_energy

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electric_fencing

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Overgrazing



Gloria De Souza, IndiaReform in Education Gloria created and

introduced modern experiential education that challenged students to think and to solve problems together instead of chanting facts.

Her core contribution has not been to invent modern education but to adapt it to make it attractive to everyone in non-Western settings.



The fixed Determination of an Indomitable WillFlorence Nightingale, England Nursing Florence Nightingale, May 1820 –

13 August 1910) was a celebrated English nurse, writer and statistician. A Christian universalist, Nightingale believed that God had called her to be a nurse. She came to prominence for her pioneering work in nursing during the Crimean War, where she tended to wounded soldiers.

She was dubbed "The Lady with the Lamp" after her habit of making rounds at night.

Nightingale laid the foundation of professional nursing with the establishment, in 1860, of her nursing school at St Thomas' Hospital in London, the first secular nursing school in the world.


Bill Drayton, U.S.Ashoka: Innovators for the PublicSocial Entrepreneurship

Drayton, a former management consultant with McKinsey & Company, established Ashoka to provide social entrepreneurs — and their new ideas — with financial backing and a series of professional supports to help them spread their ideas and solutions, individually and collectively.

A lecture by Melih [email protected] Billimoria, India

Childline IndiaChild Protection Jeroo Billimoria has

provided millions of vulnerable children living in India with a 24-hour toll free telephone hotline that connects them to an extensive network of hundreds of child-service organizations, making it possible for ordinary citizens, policemen or social workers to assist children in danger at any time.


A lecture by Melih [email protected]ébet Szekeres, Hungary

Alliance Industrial UnionAssisted Living for the Disabled

Erzsébet Szekeres developed a program to address three of the most difficult problems that disabled adults face in Hungary — a lack of job training, few employment opportunities, and a housing shortage.






A lecture by Melih [email protected] Cordeiro, Brazil

Saúde Criança Renascer AssociationReforming Healthcare

Vera Cordeiro founded the Saúde Criança (“Children’s Health”) Renascer Association in 1991 at the Public Hospital of Lagoa in Rio de Janeiro, with the aim of providing emergency assistance to ill children from low-income families during and immediately after hospitalization.

A lecture by Melih [email protected]. Schramm, U.S.

College SummitCollege Access for Low-Income Students J.B. Schramm is helping

low-income students across the U.S. enroll and succeed in college. Operating from outside the educational system, J.B. has identified a fundamental disconnect that prevents thousands of high-potential students from attending college. (College graduates can expect to earn $1 million more during their lifetimes than high school graduates.)

A lecture by Melih [email protected] Khosa, South Africa

Tateni Home Care Nursing ServicesCare for AIDS Patients

Veronica Khosa saw that the health care system in South Africa was unable to manage the AIDS crisis. A nurse by trade, she had visited hundreds of people with AIDS who were suffering alone in their homes, with no one around to provide simple care or pain relief.

A lecture by Melih [email protected] Grant, U.S.

UnicefThe Child Survival Revolution

Grant conceived of and orchestrated a global campaign to stop the needless deaths of millions of children each year from easily preventable illnesses. The “child survival and development revolution” that he launched in 1983 mobilized massive international support to bring cheap, life-saving medicines and technologies to children in developing countries including vaccinations and oral rehydration therapy to prevent death from diarrhoeal dehydration, the single biggest killer of children.

How to change the world

Documents

member group

high school graduates

college graduates

secular nursing school

entire group

thousands of high

potential students

high cost