How Smart Grids Can Accelerate Solar Power by Pradeep Kumar Dadhich PhD Senior Fellow, TERI, New Delhi Presented at Solar PV Market in India Driving Solar.

How Smart Grids Can How Smart Grids Can Accelerate Solar Power Accelerate Solar Power

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Pradeep Kumar Dadhich PhDPradeep Kumar Dadhich PhDSenior Fellow, TERI, New DelhiSenior Fellow, TERI, New Delhi

Presented atPresented atSolar PV Market in IndiaSolar PV Market in India

Driving Solar ForwardDriving Solar ForwardJanuary 27-28, 2011January 27-28, 2011

Venue: The Imperial, New DelhiVenue: The Imperial, New Delhi

What is the Smart GridWhat is the Smart Grid??An electric delivery network from electrical An electric delivery network from electrical generation to end-use customer, integrated with generation to end-use customer, integrated with the latest advances in the latest advances in digitaldigital and information and information technology to improve electric-system technology to improve electric-system reliabilityreliability, , securitysecurity and and efficiencyefficiency..  

Like telecommunications and Internet revolutions, Like telecommunications and Internet revolutions, technology holds key to the Smart Grid and its technology holds key to the Smart Grid and its realization. realization. This essential set of investments will help bring This essential set of investments will help bring our electric grid into the 21st century using our electric grid into the 21st century using megabytes of datamegabytes of data to move to move megawatts of megawatts of electricityelectricity more efficiently, reliably, affordably. more efficiently, reliably, affordably. In the process, electric system will move from In the process, electric system will move from a centralized, producer-controlled network toa centralized, producer-controlled network toa a lessless centralizedcentralized, more , more consumerconsumer interactiveinteractive model.model.

What is the Smart GridWhat is the Smart Grid??Feature sensors throughout the Feature sensors throughout the

transmission and distribution grid to: transmission and distribution grid to: collectcollect data, data, real-timereal-time two-way two-way

communications to communications to movemove data and data and electricity between utilities and consumers, electricity between utilities and consumers,

and the computing power necessary to and the computing power necessary to make that make that intelligenceintelligence actionableactionable..

Only by bringing the Only by bringing the toolstools, , techniquestechniques and and technologiestechnologies that enabled the Internet that enabled the Internet to the utility and electric grid will such a to the utility and electric grid will such a

transformation be possible.transformation be possible.

Drivers for a New Smart GridDrivers for a New Smart GridThe “grid” is rapidly running up against its The “grid” is rapidly running up against its

limitations. limitations.   CostsCosts of new generation and delivery of new generation and delivery

infrastructureinfrastructure are climbing sharply. Huge are climbing sharply. Huge Investments are required for power evacuation.Investments are required for power evacuation.

DemandDemand for electricity is expected to grow ~7 for electricity is expected to grow ~7 folds by 2030. folds by 2030.

Electricity Electricity pricesprices are forecast to increase 30% - are forecast to increase 30% - 50% over the next 10 years.50% over the next 10 years.

Spiraling electricity rates and the cost of carbon Spiraling electricity rates and the cost of carbon are combining to reveal the true – i.e., higher – are combining to reveal the true – i.e., higher – cost of energy.cost of energy.

The grid as it stands is unaffordable. The grid as it stands is unaffordable.

Drivers for a New Smart GridDrivers for a New Smart GridCompared with other industries, Compared with other industries,

electrical grid has been largely electrical grid has been largely bypassedbypassed by technological by technological innovationinnovation until relatively until relatively

recently.recently.

Historically, heavily Historically, heavily regulatedregulated and and modeled to keep the lights on and costs low. modeled to keep the lights on and costs low.

Partly for this reason, its modernization Partly for this reason, its modernization by means of information technology tools and by means of information technology tools and techniques has been a techniques has been a back-burner priorityback-burner priority. .

Until now.Until now.

Drivers for a New Smart GridDrivers for a New Smart Grid Utilities will be able to Utilities will be able to viewview and and measuremeasure what’s what’s

going on in the system more going on in the system more completelycompletely and more and more frequentlyfrequently than currently, which in turn will enable than currently, which in turn will enable additional levels of additional levels of controlcontrol..

Control will allow utilities to better Control will allow utilities to better optimizeoptimize the grid the grid to support a number of public to support a number of public policiespolicies, from , from intermittentintermittent renewable integration to more dynamic renewable integration to more dynamic interfaces with customers. interfaces with customers.

Offers utilities more flexibility relative to how they Offers utilities more flexibility relative to how they use energy toward objectives of energy use energy toward objectives of energy conservationconservation and reducing greenhouse gases.and reducing greenhouse gases.

Benefits of Smart GridBenefits of Smart Grid

Offers utilities Offers utilities operationaloperational benefits (outage benefits (outage management, improved processes, workforce management, improved processes, workforce efficiency, reduced losses, etc.) as well as efficiency, reduced losses, etc.) as well as benefits associated with improved benefits associated with improved assetasset managementmanagement (system planning, better (system planning, better capital asset utilization, etc.).capital asset utilization, etc.).

OutagesOutages and power and power qualityquality issues estimated issues estimated to to costcost the Indian economy significantly. the Indian economy significantly.

How the Smart Grid will EvolveHow the Smart Grid will EvolveTwo grids to keep in mind as the future rapidly becomes the Two grids to keep in mind as the future rapidly becomes the

present.present.

The first – The first – call it “a call it “a smarter gridsmarter grid” – offers valuable ” – offers valuable technologies that can be deployed within the very near technologies that can be deployed within the very near

future or are already deployed today.future or are already deployed today.The second – The second – the the Smart GridSmart Grid – represents the – represents the longer-term longer-term

promisepromise of a grid remarkable in its intelligence and of a grid remarkable in its intelligence and impressive in its scope, impressive in its scope,

considered to be a decade or more from realization. considered to be a decade or more from realization. However, this could be accelerated depending upon However, this could be accelerated depending upon

technological advances and removal of barriers. technological advances and removal of barriers.   In the short term, a smarter grid will function more In the short term, a smarter grid will function more

efficientlyefficiently, , enabling it to deliver enabling it to deliver enhancedenhanced customer customer servicesservices, , while offering societal benefits – less impact on our while offering societal benefits – less impact on our

environment.environment.

Longer term, expect the Smart Grid to spur transformation Longer term, expect the Smart Grid to spur transformation similar to that the internet has already brought to thesimilar to that the internet has already brought to the

way we live, work, play and learn.way we live, work, play and learn.

Capabilities of Smart GridCapabilities of Smart Grid

A smarter grid applies technologies, tools and A smarter grid applies technologies, tools and techniques available now to bring techniques available now to bring knowledgeknowledge to to powerpower – – knowledge capable of making the grid work far more knowledge capable of making the grid work far more efficiently...efficiently...

• • Ensure Ensure reliabilityreliability to a degree never before possible to a degree never before possible

• • Increase overall use and Increase overall use and valuevalue of of existingexisting production and transmission production and transmission capacitycapacity

• • AccommodateAccommodate renewable and traditional energy sources renewable and traditional energy sources

• • Reduce carbon Reduce carbon emissionsemissions by increasing efficiency of the system by increasing efficiency of the system

• • Utility’s “Utility’s “big picturebig picture” is ” is clearerclearer: view and measure with more control: view and measure with more control

• • Improve Improve power qualitypower quality to correspond to new digital demands to correspond to new digital demands

• • Introduce Introduce advancementsadvancements and efficiencies yet to be envisioned and efficiencies yet to be envisioned

EFFICIENCY: If grid were just 5% more efficient, energy savings would equate to ~ 700 MW of avoided capacity.

AFFORDABILITY - Real-time price signals allows consumers to participate in the electricity market based on supply and demand pricing situation, thereby reducing grid congestion and unplanned outages.

SECURITY: Blackouts can be avoided.

Criticality of banking, communications, traffic, and security systems.

Power-stabilization capability will address events quickly and “heal” faster than humans can react. Grid-friendly appliances play a role: responding to demand-response signals to adjust load.

Capabilities of Smart Capabilities of Smart GridGrid

Accelerating the Accelerating the deployment of “Smart deployment of “Smart

Minigirds” in Minigirds” in AP6 CountriesAP6 Countries

Lead Partner Country: AustraliaLead Partner Country: Australia

Participating Partner Countries and Organizations: Participating Partner Countries and Organizations: CSIRO Australia, TERI India, SEC IndiaCSIRO Australia, TERI India, SEC India

Project Manager: Dr Glenn Platt, CSIRO AustraliaProject Manager: Dr Glenn Platt, CSIRO Australia

Project Initiation : October 2007Project Initiation : October 2007

Project PartnersProject Partners

Smart mini-grid in RETREAT,TERI Gram,

India

Smart mini-grid in CSIRO, Australia

Asia Pacific Partnership

(APP)

Smart mini-grid in SEC, India

““To deploy a renewable energy powered smart mini-To deploy a renewable energy powered smart mini-grid pilot in both Australia and India that will grid pilot in both Australia and India that will prove their reliability and efficiency and improve prove their reliability and efficiency and improve community, government and industry acceptance community, government and industry acceptance of the technology and accelerate renewable and of the technology and accelerate renewable and smart mini-grid deployment in partner countries”smart mini-grid deployment in partner countries”

Specific Objective“Develop a distributed generation based smart

mini-grid pilot/model which would be applicable to Indian sites/conditions and facilitate the deployment of smart mini-grid in India”

Develop and demonstrate DG based smart Develop and demonstrate DG based smart mini-grid systems at the following sites in mini-grid systems at the following sites in IndiaIndia

Retreat building of The Energy & Resources Retreat building of The Energy & Resources Institute (TERI Gram), Gual PahariInstitute (TERI Gram), Gual Pahari

Solar Energy Center(SEC), Gual PahariSolar Energy Center(SEC), Gual Pahari

Task-I: Mini grid aggregation

Task-II: Load profiling, categorization and forecasting

Task-III: Design and simulation of the smart mini grid model in consultation with CSIRO

Task-IV: Development and demonstration of smart mini-grid system with Smart mini-grid Controller

Task-V: Performance assessment, monitoring and analysis

Interface

Distributed Generation based SMG at TERI Gram

Authored by CSIRO, AustraliaAuthored by CSIRO, Australia• ““Review of minigrid research & development around the Review of minigrid research & development around the

world” world” • APP Minigrids Project: CSIRO Australian minigrid deployment- APP Minigrids Project: CSIRO Australian minigrid deployment-

scope of controlscope of control• APP Minigrid Project: Minigrids planning tools – state of the artAPP Minigrid Project: Minigrids planning tools – state of the art• Australian minigrid test results- initial observationAustralian minigrid test results- initial observation• Minigrids testing and analysis- standardised test suiteMinigrids testing and analysis- standardised test suite

Authored by TERI, IndiaAuthored by TERI, India• Indian Minigrid – Scoping and Initial DesignIndian Minigrid – Scoping and Initial Design• APP Minigrid Project: TERI Indian Minigrid Design & APP Minigrid Project: TERI Indian Minigrid Design &

Deployment Deployment

Augmenting Grid with Distributed Generation SystemsAugmenting Grid with Distributed Generation Systems

Creating network of stakeholders to accelerate its Creating network of stakeholders to accelerate its deploymentdeployment

Organizing International Workshops for information Organizing International Workshops for information disseminationdissemination

Expansion of the concept to other developing nationsExpansion of the concept to other developing nations