How Maternal Nutritional Knowledge Can Improve Nutritional Status of Children? Wawan Saepul Irwan 1,2 , Al Mukhlas Fikri 1 1 Department of Community Nutrition, Faculty of Human Ecology, IPB University, Bogor 16680 2 Center of Development and Empowerment Teacher and Education Personnel (CDETEP) for Business and Tourism, Ministry of Education and Culture of Republic of Indonesia
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How Maternal Nutritional Knowledge Can Improve Nutritional Status of
Children?
Wawan Saepul Irwan1,2, Al Mukhlas Fikri1
1Department of Community Nutrition, Faculty of Human Ecology, IPB University, Bogor 166802Center of Development and Empowerment Teacher and Education Personnel (CDETEP) for Business and Tourism, Ministry of Education and Culture of Republic of Indonesia
Outline
Maternal Nutritional Knowledge and Nutritional Status of Children
The First 1000 Days of Life in Nutritional Perspective
Current Nutritional Status of Mother and Children
UNICEF Framework
Maternal Nutritional Knowledge and Nutritional Status of Children
Conclusion
The First 1000 Days of Life in Nutritional Perspective
Nutritional status during the 1000 days of life, determines our health
status in whole life
Maternal Nutritional Knowledge and Nutritional Status of Children
Intergenerational cycle of growth failure.
This explains, how poor nutritional status during pregnancy, will produce
sub-optimal outcome and may cause
under-nutrition mother in the future
Maternal Nutritional Knowledge and Nutritional Status of Children
Double burden of malnutrition, possibly comes from poor nutrition, during the first
1000 days of life
Maternal Nutritional Knowledge and Nutritional Status of Children
Maternal Nutritional Knowledge and Nutritional Status of Children
Green: Most responsiveYellow: Some catch-up
Red: Unresponsive
The First 1000 Days of Life in Nutritional Perspective
The recent findings showed, that low birth weight (LBW) was the most predictor of
stunting, in under two children in Indonesia (Aryastami et al. 2017)
Maternal Nutritional Knowledge and Nutritional Status of Children
Aryastami, N. K., Shankar, A., Kusumawardani, N., Besral, B., Jahari, A. B., & Achadi, E. (2017). Low birth weight was the most dominant predictor associated with stunting among children aged 12–23 months in Indonesia. BMC Nutrition, 3(1), 16.
Current Nutritional Status of Children and Mother
Maternal Nutritional Knowledge and Nutritional Status of Children
Maternal Nutritional Knowledge and Nutritional Status of Children
Maternal Nutritional Knowledge and Nutritional Status of Children
Global Report of Nutrition 2018
UNICEF FRAMEWORK
Maternal Nutritional Knowledge and Nutritional Status of Children
Maternal Nutritional Knowledge
Maternal Nutritional Knowledge and Nutritional Status of Children
• Good nutrition during pregnancy, supports fetaldevelopment (Frietas-Vilela et al. 2017).
• The education level of mother, is strongly correlated with nutritional status of children (Ruel et al. 1992; Yabanci et al. 2012; Fadare et al. 2019).
• Maternal education, affects nutritional status of children, through maternal nutritional knowledge (Variyam et al. 1999).
• However, maternal nutritional knowledge, may be more important than formal maternal education (Appoh and Krekling 2005)
Maternal Nutritional Knowledge and Nutritional Status of Children
Maternal Nutritional Knowledge and Nutritional Status of Children
• Mothers who consume more fruit and vegetable, were more likely to have higher education (Frietas-Vilela et al. 2017).
• Mothers with healthier nutritional knowledge, feed their children more with fruits, vegetables, legumes, less sugar and artificial (Blaylock 1999; Yabanci et al. 2012; Frietas-Vilela et al. 2017)
• Maternal dietary pattern, may affect child eating habits (Vereecken and Maes 2010; Nguyen et al. 2013; Ashman et al. 2014)
Maternal Nutritional Knowledge and Nutritional Status of Children
Maternal Nutritional Knowledge and Nutritional Status of Children
Maternal Nutritional Knowledge and Nutritional Status of Children
Do nutritional knowledge
stand alone?
Nutritional knowledge seems to be the mediating factor
Maternal Nutritional Knowledge and Nutritional Status of Children
Nutrition education for mothers, could improve children’s growth, but only in
households with enough access for foods. Nutrition education for poorer households,
would not be sufficient (Ruel et al. 1992).
Maternal Nutritional Knowledge and Nutritional Status of Children
Maternal Nutritional Knowledge and Nutritional Status of Children
McLeod et al. (2011)
Maternal Nutritional Knowledge and Nutritional Status of Children
Maternal Nutritional Knowledge and Nutritional Status of Children
Maternal Nutritional Knowledge and Nutritional Status of Children
Campbell et al. (2013)
Maternal Nutritional Knowledge and Nutritional Status of Children
Maternal Nutritional Knowledge and Nutritional Status of Children
However, you don’t need to be rich to eat healthy
Nutrition is about allocative efficiency of health input use
(Variyam et al. 1999)
Maternal Nutritional Knowledge and Nutritional Status of Children
Maternal Nutritional Knowledge and Nutritional Status of Children
Maternal Nutritional Knowledge and Nutritional Status of Children
Maternal Nutritional Knowledge and Nutritional Status of Children
What mother should know?• Eat plenty of fruits, vegetables, and
protein• Exclusive breastfeeding and the
important of colostrum • Age of introduction of supplementary
foods• Immunization and diarrheal prevention(Apoh and Kreklin 2005; Fadare et al. 2005)
Conclusion
Maternal Nutritional Knowledge and Nutritional Status of Children
• Nutrition during the first 1000 days of life, determines lifelong-health
• Mothers with higher formal education, may have higher nutritional knowledge
• Maternal nutritional knowledge, is strongly associated with maternal dietary pattern and feeding practices
• Maternal nutritional knowledge, seems to be the mediating factor
• Nutrition education for mothers, may support nutrition improvement program