Horizontal Drilling in Kansas Current Status and Case Histories Presentation to the Society of Petroleum Engineers Wichita Chapter January 12, 2000 by Paul Gerlach Research Scientist Petroleum Research Section Kansas Geological Survey
Dec 16, 2015
Horizontal Drilling in KansasCurrent Status and Case Histories
Presentation to theSociety of Petroleum Engineers
Wichita Chapter
January 12, 2000
by
Paul GerlachResearch Scientist
Petroleum Research SectionKansas Geological Survey
Horizontal Drilling in KansasCurrent Status and Case Histories
Horizontal Drilling in KansasBackground
History of Horizontal Drilling1891 - First Patent Issued 1929 - First Horizontal Oil Well Drilled 1950’s - Development of Hydraulic Fracturing suppressed
need for Horizontal Wells 1970’s – used long radius technology to develop fields
w/o navigational technology 1980’s – Advances in Directional Technology to Steer
Offshore Wells 1985 – First Austin Chalk Well 1990 – approx. 1,500 Horizontal Wells Worldwide 2000 – Est. 20,000 Horizontal Wells Worldwide
Horizontal Drilling in KansasBackground
What is a Horizontal Well ? No API Definition Any well put in a reservoir to expose as much permeability and porosity as possible A Controlled Directional Completion Procedure
Why Drill Horizontal Wells ? Produce Reserves not Drained by Vertical Wells Produce Reserves not Economic in Vertical Wells A More Efficient Use of Reservoir Drive Energy Provide better Rate of Return than Vertical Well
Horizontal Drilling in KansasCurrent Status
Current Status of Non-Vertical Wells (November, 1999)
68 Approved “Intent to Drill” Applications
34 Horizontal Wells Confirmed 1 Horizontal Well Reported (not confirmed)
3 Deviated Wells Confirmed• many more but unreported
2 Slant (high angle) Wells Confirmed
Horizontal Drilling in KansasDefinitions & Terms
Classification of Horizontal Wells
Horizontal Well Radius CategoriesTraditionally
Long - Medium - Short - UltrashortNo API Standard
CurrentlyClassified by Bend Rate of Curve
2o-8o / 100 Ft. – Long Radius8o-35o / 100 Ft. – Medium Radius1/2o-2o / Ft. – Short Radius
Determines:Lateral LengthSteering MethodCompletion TechniqueTreatment Methods
Horizontal Drilling in KansasDefinitions & Terms
MWD - “Measurement While Drilling”Azimuth, Inclination, Measured Depth
LWD - “Logging While Drilling”most standard vertical hole e-logs
PIF - “Productivity Improvement Factor”multiplier of production increase over offset vertical wells
Common Terms used to Describe Horizontal Wells
Horizontal Drilling in KansasDefinitions & Terms
Horizontal Drilling in KansasOpening Remarks
Caveat ContemplorDetermining Success of a Horizontal Well
Requires:Assessing if Basic Criteria was Accomplished Where it is drilled….
geology - structure & stratigraphy Why it is drilled….
reservoir & drive mechanism What it is drilled for….
reservoir management How it is drilled….
well design, drilling, & completion
Operator Reporting Prevents Accurate Assessment
Inaccurate Incomplete Non-existent
Horizontal Drilling in KansasCurrent Status
General Characteristics of the 34 Horizontal Wells 1st Horizontal Well in Kansas
Mar-1988, Phillips Petroleum, Trego Co.196 ft. Lateral in Marmaton Frmn.
Build Rate & Radius RangesShortest: 2.7o/ft. / 33 ft.Longest: 1.4o/100 ft. / 1087 ft.
Measured Depth / True Vertical DepthShallowest: 250 ft. / 200 ft.Deepest: 7969 ft. / 6190 ft.
Horizontal Lateral LengthShortest: 40 ft.Longest: 1877 ft.
Most Frequently Drilled FormationMississippian - Osage (7), St Louis (4), Spergen-Warsaw (3)
Horizontal Drilling in KansasSpatial Distribution and Formation
Marm Miss ArbkMcClthBevierPeruChse Gas Stg
Horizontal Drilling in KansasCurrent Status (December 2000)
024681012141618
Completions/Permitts
Year
Horizontal Drilling in KansasCurrent Status
Horizontal Wells by Formation
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Gas Stg
Gas Stg
Mississippian, et al
Azimuth of LateralHeel to Toe Direction
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
0 15
30
45
60
75
90
105
120
135
150
165
180
195
210
225
240
255
270
285
300
315
330
345
360
Degrees from North
East South West NorthNorth
Horizontal Drilling in KansasCurrent Status
Horizontal Drilling in KansasCurrent Status
Lateral Length
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400 1600 1800 2000
Length (ft)
Horizontal Drilling in KansasCurrent Status
TVD vs Lateral Length
-
1,000
2,000
3,000
4,000
5,000
6,000
7,000
- 200 400 600 800 1,000 1,200 1,400 1,600 1,800 2,000
Lateral Length (ft)
Chase Group
Mississippian
Arbuckle
Viola
McClouth
Horizontal Drilling in KansasCase Histories
Marm Miss ArbkMcClthBevierPeruChse Gas Stg
Lost Springs
Riffe
Porter
Hugoton Wieland W Oppy S
Aldrich NE
Shuck
McClouth Field
Muhlheim
Coffeyville
Stillwell
Cunningham Gas Strg
Horizontal Drilling in KansasCase Histories - Winfield Formation
Toe Up
Permian Chase FormationHorizontal - Vertical Productivity Comparison
273,612
306,915
1,000
10,000
100,000
1,000,000
Jan-94 Jul-94 Jan-95 Jul-95 Jan-96 Jul-96 Jan-97 Jul-97 Jan-98 Aug-98
Tate-Unrein 4 Mnthly. Rate
Avg. Offsetting Well Mnthly. Rate
Tate-Unrein 4 Cumulative
Avg. Offsetting Well Cumulative
Horizontal Drilling in KansasCase Histories - Winfield Formation
PIF: .89
Horizontal Drilling in KansasCase Histories - Osage Formation
Toe Up
Horizontal Drilling in KansasCase Histories - Osage Formation
Mississippian Osage FormationHorizontal - Vertical Productivity Comparison
9,738
30,802
100
1,000
10,000
100,000
Jan-97 Jul-97 Jan-98 Jul-98 Jan-99 Jul-99
Avg. Offsetting Well Mnthly. Rate
Avg. Offsetting Well Cumulative
Antrim-Cossman 1HZ Mnthly. Rate
Antrim-Cossman 1HZ Cumulative
Horizontal Drilling in KansasCase Histories - Osage Formation
PIF: 3.1
Horizontal Drilling in KansasCase Histories - Osage Formation
Mississippian Osage FormationHorizontal - Vertical Productivity Comparison
52,064
9,738
100
1,000
10,000
100,000
Jan-97 Jul-97 Jan-98 Jul-98 Jan-99 Jul-99
Billings 1 HZ Mnthly. Rate
Billings 1 HZ Cumulative
Avg. Offsetting Well Mnthly. Rate
Avg. Offsetting Well Cumulative
Horizontal Drilling in KansasCase Histories - Osage Formation
PIF: 5.3
Horizontal Drilling in KansasCase Histories - Spergen-Warsaw Formation
Mississippian Spergen-Warsaw FormationHorizontal - Vertical Productivity Comparison
17,053
7,850
100
1,000
10,000
100,000
Jun-97 Dec-97 Jun-98 Dec-98 Jun-99 Dec-99
Shearer B 1-26H Mnthly. Rate
Shearer B 1-26H Cumulative
Avg. Offsetting Well Mnthly. Rate
Avg. Offsetting Well Cumulative
Horizontal Drilling in KansasCase Histories - Spergen-Warsaw Formation
PIF: 2.2
Horizontal Drilling in KansasCase Histories - St. Louis Formation
Horizontal Drilling in KansasCase Histories - St. Louis Formation
Mississippian St Louis FormationHorizontal - Vertical Productivity Comparison
50,586
8,87113,407
100
1,000
10,000
100,000
Jan-96 Jul-96 Jan-97 Jul-97 Jan-98 Jul-98 Jan-99 Jul-99
McHargue Lease Mnthly. RateMcHargue Lease CumulativeAvg. Offsetting Well Mnthly. RateAvg. Offsetting Well Cumulative
Drill Horizontal Lateral in St. Louis Formation
Horizontal Drilling in KansasCase Histories - St. Louis Formation
PIF: 3.1
Horizontal Drilling in KansasCase Histories - McClouth Formation
Toe Up
Atokan McClouth FormationHorizontal - Vertical Productivity Comparison
31,240
5,655
100
1,000
10,000
100,000
Jan-96 Jul-96 Jan-97 Jul-97 Jan-98 Jul-98 Jan-99 Jul-99
Seaver 9-H Mnthly Rate
Seaver 9-H Cumulative
Avg. Offsetting Well Mnthly. Rate
Avg. Offsetting Well Cumulative
Horizontal Drilling in KansasCase Histories - McClouth Formation
PIF: 5.5
Horizontal Drilling in KansasCase Histories - Bevier Coal Formation
Cherokee Bevier FormationHorizontal - Vertical Productivity Comparison
127,790
30,031
100
1,000
10,000
100,000
1,000,000
Jan-98 Jul-98 Jan-99 Jul-99
SW 14-15S-24E Lease Mnthly. Rate
SW 14-15S-24E Lease Cumulative
Avg. Offsetting Well Mnthly. Rate
Avg. Offsetting Well Cumulative
Drill Horizontal Laterals
Horizontal Drilling in KansasCase Histories - Bevier Coal Formation
PIF: 3.4
Horizontal Drilling in KansasCase Histories - Peru Formation
Marmaton Peru FormationHorizontal - Vertical Comparison
224
385
1
10
100
1,000
Jan-92 Jul-92 Jan-93 Jul-93
Benning 1H Mnthly. Rate
Benning 1H Cumulative
Avg. Offsetting Well Mnthly. Rate
Avg. Offsetting Well Cumulative
Horizontal Drilling in KansasCase Histories - Peru Formation
PIF: .58
Horizontal Drilling in KansasCase Histories - Arbuckle Formation
Horizontal Drilling in KansasCase Histories - Arbuckle Formation
Horizontal Drilling in KansasCase Histories - Marmaton Group
Horizontal Drilling in KansasCase Histories - Viola Formation
Toe Up
Horizontal Drilling in KansasConclusions
Currently a Mixed Bag of Successes and Failures
Best Performing ReservoirsAtokan Group - McClouth Best PIF: 5.5Mississippian - Osage Best PIF: 5.3 to 3.1Mississippian - St. Louis Best PIF: 3.1Cherokee Group - Bevier Coal Best PIF: 3.4Mississippian - Spergen-Warsaw Best PIF: 2.2
Poorest Performing ReservoirsMarmaton Group - Peru Best PIF: .58Chase Group Best PIF: .89
Most Horizontal Candidates not Properly ScreenedAll Reservoir’s w/ Low BHP & Kh Perform Poorly
Chase Group, Marmaton, Peru, some MississippianAll Reservoir’s w/ High Rcrvy. Eff. Perform Poorly
Arbuckle, some Mississippian
Horizontal Drilling in KansasConclusions
Many Good Candidates not yet Tested
Thin Beds in Lansing-Kansas City
EOR in Multiple Reservoirs
SAG-D Thermal in Cherokee Sands of SE Kansas
Attic Oil in Large Structures (Ordv. and Miss.)
High BHP, Low Kh of Fractured Miss of SC Kansas
Horizontal Drilling in KansasConculsions
Horizontal Drilling Activity by Yearin
Kansas and Canada
-
200
400
600
800
1,000
1,200
1,400
1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999
Year
Wel
ls D
rill
ed i
n C
anad
a
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
Wel
ls D
rill
ed i
n K
ansa
s
Canada
Kansas
Horizontal Drilling in KansasAcknowledgements
Petroleum Research SectionDr. Timothy Carr
Kansas Corporation CommissionConservation Division
Dave WilliamsDonna Dill