HJ=:GBA:PBY H;T?>BG?GGUO G:PBC - UNECE · 2009. 9. 18. · • J_dhf_g^Zpby HHG EHDH> HHG ± DeZk - kbnbdZlhj ihjlh\ b ^jm]bo imgdlh\ • J_dhf_g^Zpby HHG F_ju ih mijhs_gbx ijhp_^mj

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I. IJ?:F;ME:

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b kljZgZo k i_j_oh^ghc wdhghfbdhc wnn_dlb\gh

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Dh^u klZlmkZ lhj]h\eb b i_j_\hadb \ agZqbl_evghc

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h[f_g bgnhjfZpb_c h klZlmk_ lh\Zjh\� iZjlbyo

lh\Zjh\ b�beb h[hjm^h\Zgby� dh]^Z j_qv b^_l h[

we_dljhgghf khh[s_gbb ^Zgguo�

< ijh]jZff_ jZ[hlu K?N:DL HHG ih^q_jdb\Z_l-ky g_h[oh^bfhklv \ujZ[hldb j_dhf_g^Zpbc� gZ-ijZ\e_gguo gZ mijhs_gb_ b kh]eZkh\Zgb_ l_dms_c

1

Ba hibkZgby aZ^Zq K?N:DL HHG�

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jhev JZ[hq_c ]jmiiu ih dh^Zf �J=D� K?N:DL HHG

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dh^h\ ^ey ih^^_j`db \uiheg_gby aZ^Zq K?N:DL

HHG� \dexqZy j_]mebjh\Zgb_ ^_yl_evghklb ih

jZajZ[hld_ j_dhf_g^Zpbc ?WD HHG� dZkZxsboky

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II. J?DHF?G>:PBY

GZ k\h_c r_klhc k_kkbb \ fZjl_ ���� ]h^Z

K?N:DL HHG ihklZgh\be ijbgylv ke_^mxsmx

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ijbkmlkl\h\Z\rbo gZ wlhc k_kkbb� kh^_j`blky \

ijbeh`_gbb 1.

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III. KN?J: HO<:L:

1. GZklhysZy J_dhf_g^Zpby ij_^mkfZljb\Z_l

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IV. H;E:KLV IJBF?G?GBY

2. GZklhysZy J_dhf_g^Zpby ijbf_gy_lky \ l_o

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ljZgkihjlguo hi_jZpbyo� HgZ fh`_l ijbf_gylvky

dh \k_f \b^Zf ljZgkihjlZ�

ECE/TRADE/258page 3

V. IHYKG?GBY

:� Hij_^_e_gby

3. >ey p_e_c gZklhys_c J_dhf_g^Zpbb [ueb

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h^ghfm ]jmahihemqZl_ex gZ h^ghf beb g_kdhevdbo

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\k_c i_j_\hadb beb \ ex[hf f_kl_ eh]bklbq_kdhc

p_ib�

B. Dhgdj_lgu_ khh[jZ`_gby

4. < f_`^mgZjh^ghc lhj]h\e_ kms_kl\m_l lj_-[h\Zgb_ \ hlghr_gbb h[f_gZ bgnhjfZpb_c h klZ-lmk_ iZjlbc lh\Zjh\� ]jmah\� h[hjm^h\Zgby beb

ljZgkihjlguo kj_^kl\ \ hij_^_e_gguc fhf_gl

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p_ib�

5. < dZq_kl\_ kj_^kl\Z i_j_^Zqb bgnhjfZpbb�

dZkZxs_cky ^\b`_gby lh\Zjh\ ih ljZgkihjlghc

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6. >ey p_e_c hij_^_e_gby f_klhgZoh`^_gby b

hlke_`b\Zgby ^\b`_gby [ueh \\_^_gh ihgylb_

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wlm bgnhjfZpbx�

7. >ey h[_ki_q_gby khihklZ\bfhklb ijb h[f_g_

bgnhjfZpb_c h klZlmk_ lh\Zjh\� iZjlbc lh\Zjh\

b�beb h[hjm^h\Zgby g_h[oh^bfh bkihevah\Zlv

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8. EbpZ� ihevamxsb_ky kbkl_fhc dh^h\uo h[h-agZq_gbc klZlmkZ lhj]h\eb b i_j_\hadb� ih k\h_fm

`_eZgbx \u[bjZxl \ p_eyo kh[ex^_gby ij_^ty\-e_gguo d ^_eh\uf hi_jZpbyf lj_[h\Zgbc dh^h\u_

h[hagZq_gby� khhl\_lkl\mxsb_ klZlmkm i_j_\hadb

beb h[hkgh\Zgbx klZlmkZ�

9. KlhjhgZf� hl\_qZxsbf aZ dZ`^uc wlZi lhj-]h\hc k^_edb \ jZfdZo dhff_jq_kdhc ^_yl_evgh-klb� ij_^eZ]Z_lky bkihevah\Zlv lhj]h\u_ b ljZgk-ihjlgu_ dh^u \f_kl_ k ^jm]bfb ijbf_gyxsbfbky

j_dhf_g^Zpbyfb HHG� D gbf hlghkylky�

• J_dhf_g^Zpby HHG � � �F_lh^heh]by _^bgh]h

b^_glbnbdZpbhggh]h dh^Z ± ?BD��

ECE/TRADE/258page 4

• J_dhf_g^Zpby HHG � �� �<hijhku ^hdmf_glZ-pbb ijb f_`^mgZjh^guo i_j_\hadZo hiZkguo

]jmah\��

• J_dhf_g^Zpby HHG � �� �EHDH> HHG ± DeZk-kbnbdZlhj ihjlh\ b ^jm]bo imgdlh\��

• J_dhf_g^Zpby HHG � �� �F_ju ih mijhs_gbx

ijhp_^mj f_`^mgZjh^ghc lhj]h\eb��

• J_dhf_g^Zpby HHG � �� �DeZkkbnbdZlhj \b-^h\ ljZgkihjlZ��

• J_dhf_g^Zpby HHG � �� �Dh^u ^ey \b^h\ ]jm-aZ� miZdh\db b fZl_jbZeZ miZdh\db��

C. H[sb_ khh[jZ`_gby

10. Ihy\eyxsb_ky l_ogheh]bb� gZijbf_j l_ogh-eh]bb� h[_ki_qb\Z_fu_ k ihfhsvx we_dljhgguo

^_eh\uo hi_jZpbc b <k_fbjghc dhfivxl_jghc

k_lb �World Wide :HE�� hdZau\Zxl \k_ [hevr__

\ebygb_ gZ oZjZdl_j ^_eh\hc ijZdlbdb�

11. M\_ebq_gb_ qbkeZ klhjhg� bkihevamxsbo

Bgl_jg_l \ dhff_jq_kdbo beb ebqguo p_eyo� [m^_l

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ijhbkoh^blv ba�aZ g_\_jghc beb g_^hklZlhqghc

bgnhjfZpbb� dZkZxs_cky lZfh`_gghc hqbkldb b

h[jZ[hldb lh\Zjh\� WH> y\ey_lky h^ghc ba h[eZk-l_c ijbf_g_gby bgnhjfZpbhgghc l_ogheh]bb� dhg-dj_lgh ij_^gZagZq_gghc ^ey j_r_gby ^Zggh]h

\hijhkZ k ihfhsvx we_dljhggh]h h[f_gZ bgnhj-fZpb_c� F_`^mgZjh^gu_ klZg^Zjlu� gZijbf_j

W>BN:DL HHG� ij_^mkfZljb\Zxl bkihevah\Zgb_

jZaebqguo i_j_qg_c f_`^mgZjh^guo dh^h\� lZdbo

dZd dh^u klZlmkZ lhj]h\eb b i_j_\hadb� :gZeh]bq-guf h[jZahf� hl bkihevah\Zgby i_j_qgy f_`^mgZ-jh^guo dh^h\ fh]ml aZ\bk_lv b ^jm]b_ ijbdeZ^gu_

h[eZklb� \ dhlhjuo bkihevam_lky Bgl_jg_l� \ lhf

qbke_ we_dljhggu_ nhjfu�

VI. J:AJ:;HLD: B H;GH<E?GB?

13. JZajZ[hldZ gZklhys_c J_dhf_g^Zpbb hl

bf_gb K?N:DL HHG [m^_l hkms_kl\eylvky JZ[h-q_c ]jmiihc ih dh^Zf �J=D� K?N:DL HHG�

14. Ij_^eh`_gby� dZkZxsb_ky h[gh\e_gby gZ-klhys_c J_dhf_g^Zpbb� ke_^m_l gZijZ\eylv ih

ke_^mxs_fm Z^j_km� Trade Facilitation Section,United Nations Economic Commission for Europe,Palais des Nations, CH-1211, Geneva 10, Switzerland.

15. Ijh_dlu i_j_kfhlj_gguo \ZjbZglh\ l_dklh-\hc qZklb b�beb i_j_qgy dh^h\� \dexq_gguo \ gZ-klhysmx J_dhf_g^Zpbx� [m^ml \uimkdZlvky J=D ih

f_j_ g_h[oh^bfhklb b [m^ml ihf_sZlvky gZ :HE�

kljZgbp_ J=D gZ :HE�kZcl_ K?N:DL HHG�

http://www.uncefact.org/.

16. Ijh_dlu i_j_kfhlj_gguo \ZjbZglh\ ^he`gu

him[ebdh\Zlvky ^ey \ukdZau\Zgby aZf_qZgbc \

l_q_gb_ ih djZcg_c f_j_ ^\mo f_kyp_\� =eZ\u ^_-e_]Zpbc� dhlhju_ mqZkl\mxl \ jZ[hl_ K?N:DL

HHG� ^he`gu m\_^hfeylvky h gZebqbb dhgdj_lgh]h

ijh_dlZ i_j_kfhlj_ggh]h \ZjbZglZ b h i_jbh^_

^ey \ukdZau\Zgby aZf_qZgbc� Ih hdhgqZgbb i_-jbh^Z� ij_^mkfhlj_ggh]h ^ey \ukdZau\Zgby aZf_-qZgbc� J=D ^he`gZ jZkkfZljb\Zlv \k_ ihemq_ggu_

aZf_qZgby� < aZ\bkbfhklb hl ihemq_gguo aZf_qZ-gbc J=D \uimkdZ_l gh\uc ijh_dl i_j_kfhlj_ggh]h

\ZjbZglZ beb ih^]hlZ\eb\Z_l hdhgqZl_evguc i_-j_kfhlj_gguc \ZjbZgl ^ey ml\_j`^_gby�

17. HdhgqZl_evgu_ i_j_kfhlj_ggu_ \ZjbZglu

l_dklh\hc qZklb gZklhys_c J_dhf_g^Zpbb ih^e_-`Zl ml\_j`^_gbx gZ Ie_gZjghc k_kkbb K?N:DL

HHG�

18. HdhgqZl_evgu_ i_j_kfhlj_ggu_ \ZjbZglu

i_j_qgy dh^h\� \dexq_gguo \ gZklhysmx J_dhf_g-^Zpbx� ih^e_`Zl ml\_j`^_gbx gZ ie_gZjghc k_k-kbb J=D beb� _keb lZd`_ i_j_kfZljb\Z_lky l_dklh-\Zy qZklv� gZ Ie_gZjghc k_kkbb K?N:DL HHG�

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19. I_j_qgb lhj]h\uo b ljZgkihjlguo dh^h\

ij_^klZ\e_gu \ ijbeh`_gbyo d gZklhys_c J_dh-f_g^Zpbb ke_^mxsbf h[jZahf�

Ijbeh`_gb_ � I_j_q_gv dh^h\ klZlmkZ lhj]h\eb b

i_j_\hadb� i_j_qbke_gguo \ ih-jy^d_ agZq_gbc dh^h\

Ijbeh`_gb_ � I_j_q_gv dh^h\ klZlmkZ lhj]h\eb b

i_j_\hadb� i_j_qbke_gguo \ Ze-nZ\blghf ihjy^d_ k mq_lhf gZ-bf_gh\Zgbc dh^h\

20. I_j_qgb dh^h\ ij_^klZ\e_gu k mdZaZgb_f

bgnhjfZpbb \ ke_^mxsbo dhehgdZo�

AgZd baf_g_gbc �AB�

agZd keh`_gby (+) ^h[Z\e_gb_

j_r_ldZ (#) \g_k_gb_ baf_g_gbc \

gZbf_gh\Zgb_ dh^Z

\_jlbdZevgZy q_jlZ �_� \g_k_gb_ baf_g_gbc \

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| 26 H[hjm^h\Zgb_ kgylh k i_j\hhq_j_^ghc h[jZ[hldbH[hjm^h\Zgb_ kgylh k i_j\hhq_j_^ghc h[jZ[hldb i_j_^ ^jm]bf h[hjm^h\Zgb_fb�beb gZ ljZgkihjlghf kj_^kl\_�

| 27 HlijZ\e_gb_ ijhba\_^_gh=jma�iZjlbb lh\Zjh\�h[hjm^h\Zgb_ hlijZ\e_gu�

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| 85 <u]jmadZ g_ ijhba\_^_gZ=jma�iZjlbb lh\Zjh\�h[hjm^h\Zgb_� aZy\e_ggu_ ^ey \u]jmadb \ ]jmah\hf fZgbn_kl_�\u]jm`_gu g_ [ueb�

| 86 G_ihegZy hl]jmadZ=jma�iZjlbb lh\Zjh\�h[hjm^h\Zgb_� h`b^Z\rb_ky d hlijZ\d_� g_ [ueb \ iheghfh[t_f_ aZ]jm`_gu gZ ljZgkihjlgh_ kj_^kl\h�

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| 89 H[jZ[hldZ iZjhf=jma�h[hjm^h\Zgb_ h[jZ[hlZgu iZjhf�

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| 91 KdeZ^bjh\Zgb_=jma�iZjlbb lh\Zjh\�h[hjm^h\Zgb_ kdeZ^bjh\Zgu�

| 92 MdeZ^dZ=jma�iZjlbb lh\Zjh\�h[hjm^h\Zgb_ jZaf_s_gu gZ ljZgkihjlghf kj_^kl\_�

| 93 AZ]jmadZ=jma�iZjlbb lh\Zjh\ aZ]jm`_gu \ khhl\_lkl\mxs__ h[hjm^h\Zgb_�

| 94 AZ]jm`_gh b hi_qZlZgh=jma�iZjlbb lh\Zjh\ aZ]jm`_gu \ khhl\_lkl\mxs__ ljZgkihjlgh_ h[hjm^h\Zgb_� bwlh h[hjm^h\Zgb_ hi_qZlZgh�

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#| 96 GZijZ\e_gb_ m\_^hfe_gby h ij_djZs_gbb km[Zj_g^u:j_g^Zlhj m\_^hfbe h ij_djZs_gbb km[Zj_g^u Zj_g^h\Zggh]h h[hjm^h\Zgby�

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| 98 <\_a_gh=jma�iZjlbb lh\Zjh\�h[hjm^h\Zgb_ \\_a_gu�

| 99 <u\_a_gh=jma�iZjlbb lh\Zjh\�h[hjm^h\Zgb_ \u\_a_gu�

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| 101 AZ^_j`dZ ljZgablZ=jma�iZjlbb lh\Zjh\�h[hjm^h\Zgb_�kj_^kl\Z ljZgkihjlZ aZ^_j`Zebkv gZ wlZi_ljZgablZ�

| 102 G_ ba\_klgu=jma�iZjlbb lh\Zjh\�h[hjm^h\Zgb_ g_ ba\_klgu�

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| 107 GZjmr_gby� h[gZjm`_ggu_ ijb ihklZ\d_Ijb ihklZ\d_ h[gZjm`_gu gZjmr_gby�

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| 111 I_j_\hadZ aZ\_jr_gZI_j_\hadZ aZ\_jr_gZ�

| 112 < jZkihjy`_gbb ]jmahihemqZl_ey=jma�iZjlby lh\Zjh\ gZoh^ylky \ jZkihjy`_gbb ]jmahihemqZl_ey�

#| 113 IhklZ\dZ ijhba\h^blky=jma�iZjlbb lh\Zjh\ gZoh^ylky \ ijhp_kk_ ihklZ\db�

| 114 IhklZ\dZ ijbgylZ k h]h\hjdhc h ^Zevg_cr_f hkfhlj_. =jma ijbgyl k h]h\hjdhc h _]h ^Zevg_cr_f hkfhlj_�

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| 117 Hlkmlkl\b_=jmau�iZjlbb lh\Zjh\�h[hjm^h\Zgb_ hlkmlkl\mxl�

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#| 119 F_klhgZoh`^_gb_ hij_^_eblv g_\hafh`gh�F_klhgZoh`^_gb_ ]jmaZ�iZjlbc lh\Zjh\�h[hjm^h\Zgby hij_^_eblv g_\hafh`gh�

| 120 G_ijb_fe_fh_ khklhygb_=jmau�iZjlbb lh\Zjh\�h[hjm^h\Zgb_�kj_^kl\Z ljZgkihjlZ gZoh^ylky \g_ijb_fe_fhf khklhygbb�

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| 125 KlZlmk hlkmlkl\m_lBgnhjfZpby h klZlmk_ hlkmlkl\m_l�

| 126 LZfh`_ggZy hqbkldZ ijh\h^blkyIjh\h^blky lZfh`_ggZy hqbkldZ�

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#| 128 H`b^Zgb_ jZaj_r_gby lZfh`gb gZ bfihjl=jma�iZjlbb lh\Zjh\�h[hjm^h\Zgb_ h`b^Zxl jZaj_r_gby lZfh`gb gZ bfihjl�

| 129 I_j_\hadZ� g_ hieZq_ggZy ihrebghcI_j_\hadZ ]jmaZ�iZjlbc lh\Zjh\�h[hjm^h\Zgby� g_ hieZq_gguo ihrebghc�

| 130 IZjlby lh\Zjh\ ihemq_gZ hl ]jmahhlijZ\bl_eyIZjlby lh\Zjh\ ihemq_gZ hl ]jmahhlijZ\bl_ey�

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| 134 IhkZ^dZ iZkkZ`bjh\Ijhp_kk ihkZ^db iZkkZ`bjh\�

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#| 136 JZa]jmadZ k kh[ex^_gb_f ki_pbZevguo mkeh\bcHi_jZpbb ih jZa]jmad_ ]jmaZ�iZjlbc lh\Zjh\�h[hjm^h\Zgby k kh[ex^_gb_fki_pbZevguo mkeh\bc�

| 137 <ukZ^dZ iZkkZ`bjh\Ijhp_kk \ukZ^db iZkkZ`bjh\�

#| 138 Baf_g_gb_ f_klhgZoh`^_gby ljZgkihjlgh]h kj_^kl\ZBaf_g_gb_ f_klhgZoh`^_gby ljZgkihjlgh]h kj_^kl\Z�

#| 139 FZg_\jbjh\Zgb_ ijb \oh`^_gbb \ ihjlFZg_\ju� k\yaZggu_ k \oh`^_gb_f \ ihjl�

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#| 142 Ih^]hlh\dZ ljZgkihjlgh]h kj_^kl\Z�Ih^]hlh\dZ ljZgkihjlgh]h kj_^kl\Z ^ey h[jZ[hldb�

| 143 ;ZeeZklh\Zy aZ]jmadZAZ]jmadZ [ZeeZklZ�

ECE/TRADE/258page 13

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| 144 ;ZeeZklh\Zy jZa]jmadZJZa]jmadZ [ZeeZklZ�

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| 146 Ihiheg_gb_ aZiZkh\Ihiheg_gb_ aZiZkh\ gZ ljZgkihjlghf kj_^kl\_�

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#| 152 Nmfb]ZpbyHi_jZpbb� k\yaZggu_ k nmfb]Zpb_c ljZgkihjlgh]h kj_^kl\Z�

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O 160 Ih]jmadZ gZ [hjlIh]jmadZ ]jmah\ gZ [hjl�

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ECE/TRADE/258page 14

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| 168 DZeb[jh\dZ dhfiZkZHi_jZpbb� k\yaZggu_ k dZeb[jh\dhc dhfiZkZ�

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| 178 H`b^Zgb_ gZ \oh^ beb \uoh^H`b^Zgb_ gZ \oh^ beb \uoh^�

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| 189 H`b^Zgb_ f_klZH`b^Zgb_ f_klZ�

ECE/TRADE/258page 15

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| 193 H`b^Zgb_ h[hjm^h\ZgbyH`b^Zgb_ h[hjm^h\Zgby�

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| 204 H`b^Zgb_ ijhoh`^_gby \klj_qgh]h dhg\hy km^h\H`b^Zgb_� \ua\Zggh_ ijhoh^hf \klj_qgh]h dhg\hy km^h\�

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#| 212 IhklZ\dZ� baf_g_gb_ jZkibkZgby=jma�iZjlbb lh\Zjh\�h[hjm^h\Zgb_ g_ fh]ml [ulv ihklZ\e_gu \ h]h\hj_ggu_ kjhdbba�aZ baf_g_gby jZkibkZgby�

#| 213 IhklZ\dZ� g_h[oh^bf ^hihegbl_evguc Z^j_k>ey hkms_kl\e_gby ihklZ\db ]jmaZ�iZjlbb lh\Zjh\�h[hjm^h\Zgby lj_[m_lky^hihegbl_evguc Z^j_k�

#| 214 G_jZ[hq__ khklhygb_ dhfivxl_jghc kbkl_fuDhfivxl_jgZy kbkl_fZ gZoh^blky \ g_jZ[hq_f khklhygbb�

#| 215 IhklZ\dZ� h`b^Zgb_ kh]eZkby gZ dj_^blLj_[m_lky� qlh[u ihklZ\dZ hkms_kl\eyeZkv gZ hkgh\_ dj_^blZ�

#| 216 IhklZ\dZ� h`b^Zgb_ f_j kh klhjhgu deb_glZ>ey ihklZ\db ]jmaZ�iZjlbc lh\Zjh\�h[hjm^h\Zgby g_h[oh^bfh� qlh[u deb_gl ijbgyekhhl\_lkl\mxsb_ f_ju�

O 218 Ih\j_`^_gh=jma�iZjlbb lh\Zjh\�h[hjm^h\Zgb_ ih\j_`^_gu�

#| 219 IhklZ\dZ \ dhgdj_lgh mdZaZggu_ kjhdb�\j_fy�i_jbh^uIhklZ\dm ]jmaZ�iZjlbc lh\Zjh\�h[hjm^h\Zgby lj_[m_lky hkms_kl\blv \ dhgdj_lgu_kjhdb�\j_fy�i_jbh^u�

| 220 G_ijZ\bevgh mdZaZgguc imgdl gZagZq_gby=jma�iZjlbb lh\Zjh\�h[hjm^h\Zgb_ gZijZ\e_gu \ g_ijZ\bevgh mdZaZgguc imgdlgZagZq_gby�

| 222 Djmr_gb_Ih_a^ ihl_ji_e djmr_gb_�

O 223 G_khhl\_lkl\b_Bf__lky g_khhl\_lkl\b_ \ hibkZgbb ]jmaZ�h[hjm^h\Zgby�

#| 224 IhklZ\dZ� ljm^h\hc dhgnebdl=jma�iZjlbb lh\Zjh\�h[hjm^h\Zgb_ g_ fh]ml [ulv ihklZ\e_gu ba�aZ ]jmah\h]hdhgnebdlZ�

#| 225 GZ jZ[hlm hljbpZl_evgh ih\ebyeb ^_ckl\by deb_glZ>_ckl\by deb_glZ hljbpZl_evgh ih\ebyeb gZ jZ[hlm�

#| 227 IhklZ\dZ� \uoh^ ba kljhy h[hjm^h\Zgby=jma�iZjlbb lh\Zjh\�h[hjm^h\Zgb_ g_ fh]ml [ulv ihklZ\e_gu ba�aZ ihehfdbh[hjm^h\Zgby�

#| 228 Khhl\_lkl\mxsbc dhfi_l_glguc hj]Zg lj_[m_l ijh\_^_gby ^hkfhljZKhhl\_lkl\mxsbc dhfi_l_glguc hj]Zg ihlj_[h\Ze ijh\_^_gby ^hkfhljZ]jmaZ�h[hjm^h\Zgby�

#| 229 Wdkihjl ijbhklZgh\e_gWdkihjl ]jmaZ�iZjlbc lh\Zjh\�h[hjm^h\Zgby ijbhklZgh\e_g ^h ijh\_^_gby^Zevg_cr_]h jZkke_^h\Zgby�

| 231 Hlkmlkl\b_ ]jmah\h]h f_klZ=jmah\h_ f_klh hlkmlkl\m_l�

#| 232 Bfihjl ijbhklZgh\e_gBfihjl ]jmaZ�iZjlbc lh\Zjh\�h[hjm^h\Zgby ijbhklZgh\e_g ^h ijh\_^_gby^Zevg_cr_]h jZkke_^h\Zgby�

ECE/TRADE/258page 17

AB Dh^ GZbf_gh\Zgb_

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#| 233 G_ijZ\bevgZy hlimkdgZy \_^hfhklv=jma�iZjlbb lh\Zjh\�h[hjm^h\Zgb_ g_ [ueb \hklj_[h\Zgu�\u\_a_gu ba�aZg_ijZ\bevgh khklZ\e_gghc hlimkdghc \_^hfhklb�

O 234 G_ijZ\bevguc Z^j_k:^j_k mdZaZg g_ijZ\bevgh�

#| 235 Ljm^h\hc dhgnebdlIjhbahr_e ljm^h\hc dhgnebdl�

#| 236 H`b^Zgb_ mdZaZgbcH`b^Zgb_ ^Zevg_crbo mdZaZgbc�

#| 238 LjZgkihjlgh_ kj_^kl\h ih\j_`^_ghLjZgkihjlgh_ kj_^kl\h ihemqbeh ih\j_`^_gb_�

| 239 F_oZgbq_kdZy ihehfdZLjZgkihjlgh_ kj_^kl\h�h[hjm^h\Zgb_ bf__l f_oZgbq_kdmx ihehfdm�

#| 240 F_oZgbq_kdbc hkfhlj g_h[oh^bfG_h[oh^bfh ijh\_klb f_oZgbq_kdbc hkfhlj ljZgkihjlgh]h kj_^kl\Z�h[hjm^h\Zgby�

* 241 Hlkmlkl\b_ ^hdmf_glZ>hdmf_gl gZ ]jma�iZjlbb lh\Zjh\�h[hjm^h\Zgb_ hlkmlkl\m_l�

#| 242 J_dhf_g^h\Zgu gh\u_ mkeh\by ihklZ\db;ueb j_dhf_g^h\Zgu gh\u_ mkeh\by ihklZ\db�

| 243 DhglZdlgZy bgnhjfZpby h ihemqZl_e_ hlkmlkl\m_lDhglZdlgZy bgnhjfZpby� dZkZxsZyky ihemqZl_ey� hlkmlkl\m_l�

#| 247 Ijb_fdZ�\u\ha� miZdh\dZ hlkmlkl\m_lMiZdh\dZ ^ey ijb_fdb�\u\haZ hlkmlkl\m_l�

| 248 Khijh\h^bl_evguc ghf_j miZdh\db g_ba\_kl_gKhijh\h^bl_evguc ghf_j miZdh\db g_ba\_kl_g�

#| 250 HieZlZ aZ i_j_\hadm g_ ihemq_gZHieZlZ aZ i_j_\hadm g_ ihemq_gZ�

#| 251 HldZa� g_ieZl_` ieZl_evsbdZIeZl_evsbd hldZaZeky ijhba\_klb ieZl_`�

#| 253 HldZa� [_a ij_^klZ\e_gby h[tykg_gbc< i_j_\had_�^hdmf_glZpbb [ueh hldZaZgh [_a ij_^klZ\e_gby h[tykg_gbc�

* 254 IhklZ\dZ� i_j_\hadZ aZieZgbjh\ZgZ gZ ^Zlm ihke_ ij_^_evguo mdZaZgguo kjhdh\I_j_\hadZ ]jmaZ�iZjlbc lh\Zjh\�h[hjm^h\Zgby� dhlhju_ ^he`gu [ulv ihklZ\e_gu�aZieZgbjh\ZgZ gZ ^Zlm ihke_ ij_^_evguo mdZaZgguo kjhdh\�

| 255 I_j_\h^ gZ aZiZkgu_ imlbLjZgkihjlgh_ kj_^kl\h i_j_\_^_gh gZ aZiZkgu_ imlb�

256 Ih^ibkv g_ lj_[m_lkyIh^ibkv g_ lj_[m_lky�

| 258 I_j_\hadZ k kh[ex^_gb_f ki_pbZevguo mkeh\bc>ey i_j_\hadb lj_[m_lky kh[ex^_gb_ ki_pbZevguo mkeh\bc�

| 260 BgnhjfZpby h ke_`_gbb hlkmlkl\m_lBgnhjfZpby h ke_`_gbb hlkmlkl\m_l�

#| 265 IjbqbgZ g_ ba\_klgZIjbqbgZ y\ey_lky g_ba\_klghc�

* 266 IhklZ\dZ� g_[eZ]hijbylgu_ ih]h^gu_ mkeh\byG_[eZ]hijbylgu_ ih]h^gu_ mkeh\by hdZaZeb \ebygb_ gZ ihklZ\dm�

ECE/TRADE/258page 18

AB Dh^ GZbf_gh\Zgb_

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#| 267 I_jbh^ [_kieZlgh]h ojZg_gby bkl_d=jma�iZjlbb lh\Zjh\�h[hjm^h\Zgb_ ojZgbebkv gZ kdeZ^_ \ l_q_gb_ \j_f_gb�ij_\urZxs_]h ^himklbfuc i_jbh^ [_kieZlgh]h ojZg_gby�

#| 269 IhklZ\dZ� ]jmahihemqZl_ev hlkmlkl\m_lIhklZ\dm ]jmaZ�iZjlbb lh\Zjh\�h[hjm^h\Zgby ijhba\_klb g_ m^Zehkv \\b^mhlkmlkl\by ]jmahihemqZl_ey�

#| 270 AZ^_j`dZ \ua\ZgZ f_klgufb mkeh\byfbAZ^_j`dZ \ hi_jZpbb ba�aZ f_klguo mkeh\bc�

#| 271 AZ^_j`dZ� g_h[oh^bfhklv ihemq_gby mdZaZgbc ]jmahihemqZl_eyAZ^_j`dZ \ hi_jZpbb� \ua\ZggZy h`b^Zgb_f mdZaZgbc ]jmahihemqZl_ey�

#| 272 AZ^_j`dZ� g_h[oh^bfhklv ihemq_gby mdZaZgbc ]jmahhlijZ\bl_eyAZ^_j`dZ \ hi_jZpbb� \ua\ZggZy h`b^Zgb_f mdZaZgbc ]jmahhlijZ\bl_ey�

#| 273 AZ^_j`dZ� jZaebqgu_ ijbqbguAZ^_j`dZ \ hi_jZpbb� \ua\ZggZy jZaebqgufb ijbqbgZfb�

| 274 G_iheguc Z^j_k:^j_k y\ey_lky g_iheguf�

#| 275 HldZa hl ihklZ\db� aZdZa gZ aZdmidm hlf_g_gHldZa hl ihklZ\db� ihkdhevdm aZdZa gZ aZdmidm [ue hlf_g_g�

#| 276 HldZa hl ihklZ\db� \ha\jZs_gb_ ]jmahhlijZ\bl_exHldZa hl ihklZ\db k ihke_^mxsbf \ha\jZs_gb_f ]jmaZ�iZjlbclh\Zjh\�h[hjm^h\Zgby ]jmahhlijZ\bl_ex�

#| 277 HldZa hl ihklZ\db� g_khhl\_lkl\b_ aZdZam gZ aZdmidmHldZa hl ihklZ\db ba�aZ g_khhl\_lkl\by aZdZam gZ aZdmidm�

#| 278 HldZa hl ihklZ\db� kjhdb g_ kh[ex^_guHldZa hl ihklZ\db� ihkdhevdm kjhdb ihklZ\db g_ kh[ex^_gu�

#| 279 HldZa hl ihklZ\db� Z\lhfZlbq_kdh_ \ha\jZs_gb_HldZa hl ihklZ\db b Z\lhfZlbq_kdh_ \ha\jZs_gb_ ]jmaZ�iZjlbc lh\Zjh\�h[hjm^h\Zgby \ khhl\_lkl\bb k bgkljmdpbyfb�

#| 280 HldZa hl ihklZ\db� ^m[ebjh\Zgb_ ihklZ\dbHldZa hl ihklZ\db ba�aZ __ ^m[ebjh\Zgby�

#| 281 HldZa hl ihklZ\db� lj_[mxlky mdZaZgbyHldZa hl ihklZ\db k aZijhkhf mdZaZgbc�

#| 282 HldZa hl ihklZ\db� iheh`_gb_ ]jmahihemqZl_eyHldZa hl ihklZ\db ba�aZ iheh`_gby� \ dhlhjhf gZoh^blky ]jmahihemqZl_ev�

#| 283 HldZa hl ihklZ\db� ihklZ\dZ g_ihegZyHldZa hl ihklZ\db ba�aZ __ g_ihegh]h h[t_fZ�

#| 284 HldZa hl ihklZ\db� hlkmlkl\b_ aZdZaZHldZa hl ihklZ\db� ihkdhevdm ]jma�iZjlbb lh\Zjh\�h[hjm^h\Zgb_ g_ [ueb aZdZaZgu�

#| 285 HldZa hl ihklZ\db� hklZlhd g_ ijbgylIhklZ\dZ hklZ\rboky ]jmah\ g_ ijbgylZ�

#| 286 HldZa hl ihklZ\db� g_]h^gh_ khklhygb_HldZa hl ihklZ\db� ihkdhevdm ]jma�iZjlbb lh\Zjh\�h[hjm^h\Zgb_ gZoh^bebkv \g_]h^ghf khklhygbb�

| 287 Hlkmlkl\b_ kh^_j`bfh]hKh^_j`bfh_ hlkmlkl\m_l�

#| 288 < miZdh\hqghf ebkl_ g_ mdZaZgh=jma�iZjlbb lh\Zjh\ g_ mdZaZgu \ miZdh\hqghf ebkl_�

ECE/TRADE/258page 19

AB Dh^ GZbf_gh\Zgb_

HibkZgb_

O 290 G_b^_glbnbpbjh\Zgguc ]jmah\hc iZd_l=jmah\hc iZd_l g_evay b^_glbnbpbjh\Zlv�

#| 291 Hlf_gZ ihklZ\db� \abfZ_fu_ k[hju aZ i_j_\hadm g_ hieZq_guHlf_gZ ihklZ\db� ihkdhevdm \abfZ_fu_ k[hju aZ i_j_\hadm g_ hieZq_gu�

#| 292 Hlf_gZ ihklZ\db� dhfi_gkZpbhggu_ ieZl_`b g_ ijhba\_^_guHlf_gZ ihklZ\db� ihkdhevdm dhfi_gkZpbhggu_ ieZl_`b g_ ijhba\_^_gu�

O 293 H`b^Zgb_ mdZaZgbc� ihklZ\dZ g_ aZdZaZgZH`b^Zgb_ mdZaZgbc� ihkdhevdm ihklZ\dZ g_ [ueZ aZdZaZgZ�

O 294 H`b^Zgb_ mdZaZgbc� kebrdhf iha^ghH`b^Zgb_ mdZaZgbc� ihkdhevdm ]jma ihklZ\e_g kebrdhf iha^gh�

#| 295 HldZa hl ihklZ\db� \kdjulb_HldZa hl ihklZ\db� ihkdhevdm ]jma�iZjlbb lh\Zjh\ [ueb \kdjulu�

O 296 HldZa ijbgylv gZfhq_gguc bagmljb ]jmah\hc iZd_lHldZa ijbgylv ]jmah\hc iZd_l� kh^_j`bfh_ dhlhjh_ [ueh bkihjq_gh `b^dhklvx�

#| 297 HldZa hl ihklZ\db� lhj]h\uc kihjHldZa hl ihklZ\db ba�aZ lhj]h\h]h kihjZ�

#| 298 HldZa hl ihklZ\db� hrb[hqgu_ lh\Zjgu_ beb miZdh\hqgu_ j_d\babluHldZa hl ihklZ\db ba�aZ h[gZjm`_gby hrb[db \ lh\Zjguo beb miZdh\hqguoj_d\bablZo�

#| 299 HldZa hl ihklZ\db� baf_g_gb_ __ kjhdh\�\j_f_gbHldZa hl ihklZ\db ba�aZ baf_g_gby __ kjhdh\ beb \j_f_gb�

#| 300 >hdmf_gl� ihemq_gb_ [_a ]jmaZ>hdmf_gl gZ dhgdj_lgmx iZjlbx lh\Zjh\ ihemq_g [_a khhl\_lkl\mxsbo lh\Zjh\�

#| 301 =jma� ihemq_gh [_a ^hdmf_glZpbb=jma�iZjlbb lh\Zjh\ ihemq_gu [_a khhl\_lkl\mxs_c ^hdmf_glZpbb�

#| 302 >hklZ\dZ iZjlbb lh\Zjh\ g_ ih Z^j_kmIZjlby lh\Zjh\ [ueZ ^hklZ\e_gZ g_ ih Z^j_km�

| 306 >hdmf_gl h[gZjm`_gKhhl\_lkl\mxsbc ^hdmf_gl [ue h[gZjm`_g�

+ 307 Ih\j_`^_gh� gh fh`gh ihklZ\blv=jma�iZjlbb lh\Zjh\�h[hjm^h\Zgb_ ih\j_`^_gu� gh ihklZ\dZ fh`_l [ulvijhba\_^_gZ�

+ 308 G_]h^gh_ khklhygb_=jma�iZjlbb lh\Zjh\�h[hjm^h\Zgb_ gZoh^ylky \ g_]h^ghf khklhygbb�

+ 309 MiZdh\dZ�h[hjm^h\Zgb_ \kdjuluMiZdh\dZ�h[hjm^h\Zgb_ [ueb \kdjulu�

+ 310 H[jZ[hlZgh \ khhl\_lkl\bb k kh]eZkh\Zggufb ^h]h\hjgufb mkeh\byfb=jma�iZjlbb lh\Zjh\�h[hjm^h\Zgb_ [ueb h[jZ[hlZgu \ khhl\_lkl\bb kkh]eZkh\Zggufb ^h]h\hjgufb mkeh\byfb�

+ 311 Ij_l_gabhggh_ ^hkv_ aZ\_^_gh;ueh aZ\_^_gh ij_l_gabhggh_ ^hkv_�

+ 312 Ijhba\_^_gZ i_j_\hadZ=jma�iZjlbb lh\Zjh\�h[hjm^h\Zgb_ [ueb i_j_\_a_gu�

+ 313 <ha\jZs_gh ihemqZl_e_f=jma�iZjlbb lh\Zjh\�h[hjm^h\Zgb_ \ha\jZs_gu ihemqZl_e_f�

ECE/TRADE/258page 20

AB Dh^ GZbf_gh\Zgb_

HibkZgb_

+ 314 AZ^_j`dZ \ imgdl_ ijhbkoh`^_gbyAZ^_j`dZ ]jmaZ�iZjlbc lh\Zjh\�h[hjm^h\Zgby�kj_^kl\ ljZgkihjlZ \ imgdl_ijhbkoh`^_gby�

+ 315 M ihklZ\sbdZ eh]bklbq_kdbo mkem]=jma�iZjlbb lh\ZjZ�h[hjm^h\Zgb_ gZoh^ylky m ihklZ\sbdZ eh]bklbq_kdbo mkem]�

+ 316 Bgpb^_gl� hlkmlkl\b_ \hajZ`_gbc kh klhjhgu aZdZaqbdZIjhbahr_e bgpb^_gl� gh kh klhjhgu aZdZaqbdZ g_ ihklmibeh \hajZ`_gbc�

+ 317 JZ[hqb_ ihf_s_gby ihklZ\sbdZ aZdjulu \ h[uqgu_ qZkuJZ[hqb_ ihf_s_gby ihklZ\sbdZ [ueb aZdjulu \ h[uqgu_ qZku�

+ 318 IhklZ\dZ g_ ijhba\_^_gZ� g_o\ZldZ \j_f_gbIhklZ\dm ]jmaZ�iZjlbc lh\Zjh\�h[hjm^h\Zgby g_evay [ueh ijhba\_klb ba�aZ g_o\Zldb\j_f_gb ^ey bo h[jZ[hldb�

+ 319 HlijZ\dZ� hrb[dZ gZ wlZi_ ih^]hlh\db<h \j_fy ih^]hlh\db d hlijZ\d_ ijhbahreZ hrb[dZ�

+ 320 G_hij_^_e_gguc bgpb^_gl� hlghkbfuc gZ kq_l ihklZ\sbdZ eh]bklbq_kdbo mkem]Ijhbahr_e g_hij_^_e_gguc bgpb^_gl� dhlhjuc [ue hlg_k_g gZ kq_l ihklZ\sbdZeh]bklbq_kdbo mkem]�

+ 321 MdZaZgb_ h[ hlijZ\d_ ihemq_gh;ueh ihemq_gh mdZaZgb_ h[ hlijZ\d_�

+ 322 HlijZ\dZ� ih^]hlh\dZ=jma�iZjlbb lh\Zjh\�h[hjm^h\Zgb_ ]hlh\ylky d hlijZ\d_�

+ 323 < ijhp_kk_ \ha\jZlZ=jma�iZjlbb lh\Zjh\�h[hjm^h\Zgb_ \ha\jZsZxlky�

+ 324 MdZaZgb_ h[ hlijZ\d_ Zggmebjh\ZghMdZaZgb_ h[ hlijZ\d_ [ueh Zggmebjh\Zgh�

+ 325 HldZa hl ihklZ\db� ihemqZl_evIhemqZl_ev hldZaZeky hl ihklZ\db ]jmaZ�iZjlbc lh\Zjh\�h[hjm^h\Zgby�

+ 326 =jma gZoh^blky m lj_lv_c klhjhgu \ khhl\_lkl\bb k mdZaZgb_f \eZ^_evpZ=jma gZoh^blky \ jZkihjy`_gbb lj_lv_c klhjhgu \ khhl\_lkl\bb k mdZaZgb_f]jmah\eZ^_evpZ�

+ 327 Ihl_jy \ fZkk_ beb h[t_f_FZkkZ beb h[t_f ]jmaZ mf_gvrbebkv�

+ 328 <gmlj_ggyy i_j_\hadZ;ueZ ijhba\_^_gZ \gmlj_ggyy i_j_\hadZ ]jmaZ�iZjlbc lh\Zjh\�h[hjm^h\Zgby�

+ 329 IZjlby lh\Zjh\ qZklbqgh jZa\hjh\ZgZIZjlby lh\Zjh\ qZklbqgh jZa\hjh\ZgZ�

+ 330 IZjlby lh\Zjh\ mljZq_gZ beb ihl_jygZIZjlby lh\Zjh\ qZklbqgh mljZq_gZ beb ihl_jygZ�

+ 331 Mgbqlh`_gh=jma�iZjlbb lh\Zjh\�h[hjm^h\Zgb_ mgbqlh`_gu�

+ 332 F_ju ihklZ\sbdZ eh]bklbq_kdbo mkem]Ijbgylu f_ju ihklZ\sbdhf eh]bklbq_kdbo mkem]�

+ 333 F_ju ihklZ\sbdZ eh]bklbq_kdbo mkem] ih mdZaZgbx \eZ^_evpZIhklZ\sbd eh]bklbq_kdbo mkem] ijbgye f_ju ih mdZaZgbx ]jmah\eZ^_evpZ�

+ 334 >hdmf_gl hldehg_g>hdmf_gl [ue hldehg_g�

ECE/TRADE/258page 21

AB Dh^ GZbf_gh\Zgb_

HibkZgb_

+ 335 Iehf[u ih\j_`^_guIehf[u gZ h[hjm^h\Zgbb [ueb ih\j_`^_gu�

+ 336 Iehf[u \aehfZguIehf[u gZ h[hjm^h\Zgbb [ueb \aehfZgu�

+ 337 Iehf[u k g_y\gufb ^_n_dlZfb< iehf[Zo gZ h[hjm^h\Zgbb [ueb h[gZjm`_gu g_y\gu_ ^_n_dlu�

+ 338 Ijb_fdZ�\u\ha� ij_^ijbylb_ aZdjulh=jma�iZjlbb lh\Zjh\�h[hjm^h\Zgb_ g_ fh]eb [ulv ijbgylu�\u\_a_gu� ihkdhevdmij_^ijbylb_ [ueh aZdjulh�

+ 339 Ijb_fdZ�\u\ha� baf_g_gb_ jZkibkZgby=jma�iZjlbb lh\Zjh\�h[hjm^h\Zgb_ g_ fh]ml [ulv ijbgylu�\u\_a_gu \ h]h\hj_ggh_\j_fy ba�aZ baf_g_gby jZkibkZgby�

+ 340 Ijb_fdZ�\u\ha� g_h[oh^bf ^hihegbl_evguc Z^j_k>ey hkms_kl\e_gby ijb_fdb�\u\haZ ]jmaZ�iZjlbb lh\Zjh\�h[hjm^h\Zgby g_h[oh^bf^hihegbl_evguc Z^j_k�

+ 341 Ijb_fdZ�\u\ha� ljm^h\hc dhgnebdl=jma�iZjlbb lh\Zjh\�h[hjm^h\Zgb_ g_ fh]ml [ulv ijbgylu�\u\_a_gu ba�aZ ljm^h\h]hdhgnebdlZ�

+ 342 Ijb_fdZ�\u\ha� ihehfdZ h[hjm^h\Zgby=jma�iZjlbb lh\Zjh\�h[hjm^h\Zgb_ g_ fh]ml [ulv ijbgylu�\u\_a_gu ba�aZ ihehfdbh[hjm^h\Zgby�

+ 343 >hdmf_gl g_ijZ\bevguc>hdmf_gl gZ ]jma�iZjlbb lh\Zjh\�h[hjm^h\Zgb_ y\ey_lky g_ijZ\bevguf�

+ 344 Ijb_fdZ�\u\ha� aZieZgbjh\Zggu_ gZ ^Zlm ihke_ ij_^_evguo mdZaZgguo kjhdh\Ijb_fdZ�\u\ha ]jmaZ�iZjlbc lh\Zjh\�h[hjm^h\Zgby aZieZgbjh\Zgu gZ ^Zlm ihke_ij_^_evguo mdZaZgguo kjhdh\�

+ 345 Ijb_fdZ�\u\ha� g_[eZ]hijbylgu_ ih]h^gu_ mkeh\byG_[eZ]hijbylgu_ ih]h^gu_ mkeh\by hdZaZeb \ebygb_ gZ ijb_fdm�\u\ha�

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