History of india

GLORIOUS HISTORY OF INDIA

• BY CHAUHAN JAYDIPSINH R.

But, the British were still competing with other European nations for

influence in India………

1700-1750: Problems

• After 1700 the East India Company face many problems, as the activity on pages 23-25 demonstrates. After you have played the game, you should be able to answer this question………

What What problems problems did the did the

EIC face?EIC face?

• The British EIC had Bombay, Calcutta and Madras and at first the British did not want more land.

• But then war broke out between rival Indian princes, and the French interfere – making the Indians trade with France (and not Britain).

• The EIC would be forced out of India, unless something changed……

1700-1750: Problems

Robert Clive Conquers India(See pages 34-38 for more details)

• Robert Clive worked in an office for the EIC but he was getting bored

• The EIC’s force of armed guards was growing into an army; Clive joined them as an officer

• In 1751 Clive led 500 men against 10,000 French and Indian soldiers and won!

• Clive led the EIC’s army to victory many more times, forcing the French out and making the East India Company very powerful – it wasn’t the British government taking over India – it was a British business!

From about 1800AD British Christians tried to change Indian customs

• The Hindu practice Sati is believed to have originated some 700 years ago in India.

• Women burnt themselves after their men were defeated in battles to avoid being taken by the victors. But it came to be seen as a measure of wifely devotion in later years and sometimes relatives would tie-up the wife, forcing her to die.

• The custom was outlawed by India's British rulers in 1829 following demands by Indian reformers. But many Indians were against change – especially when forced by the British.

• Today it happens only once every few years – and causes outrage across India and the world.

The 1857-58 Indian Mutiny/The 1857-58 War of Independence

• The pay of Indian soldiers (sepoys) - who were working for the EIC army - was cut

• There were rumours that the sepoys would have to convert from Hinduism or Islam to Christianity

• Near Delhi some sepoys murdered their British officers and a revolt started against the British across India

• Many 100’s of British men, women and children were butchered - Cawnpore saw terrible atrocities

• Then the British got their revenge……..

• At Cawnpore the British made anyone suspected of being a rebel lick the ground where the British had been butchered

• Other rebels were tied to the mouths of cannons and blown to pieces

• 1000’s died from both sides, and the relationships between the British and the Indians would never be the same again…..

The ‘British Raj’, 1858-1947• In 1858 in response to the

rebellion, the British Government abolished the East India Company and declared that India would be ruled directly by the British Government

• The army brought more British officers to India to prevent anymore rebellions

• This British ‘raj’, meaning ‘rule’, would continue until a man called Gandhi led India to independence….you’ll find out about him in the Year 8 ‘Human Rights, Human Wrongs’ topic…..

INDIAINDIAMera Bharath Mera Bharath

MahaanMahaan

The subcontinent of India lies in south Asia, between Pakistan, China and Nepal. To the north it is bordered by the world's highest mountain chain, where foothill valleys cover the northernmost of

the country's 26 states. Further south, plateaus, tropical rain forests and sandy deserts are bordered by palm fringed beaches .

5,000 year old civilization

325 languages spoken – 1,652 dialects

18 official languages

29 states, 5 union territories

3.28 million sq. kilometers - Area

7,516 kilometers - Coastline

1,000,000,000 people in 2000

Parliamentary form of Government Parliamentary form of Government

Secular democratic constitutionSecular democratic constitution

Worlds largest democracy since 55 Worlds largest democracy since 55 yearsyears

44thth largest economy largest economy

Fastest growing IT super powerFastest growing IT super power

Indian Railways ,the biggest employer Indian Railways ,the biggest employer in the world.in the world.

HISTORY

• India's history goes back to India's history goes back to 3,200 BC when Hinduism was 3,200 BC when Hinduism was

first founded. Buddhism, first founded. Buddhism, Jainism, Sikhism. Judaism. Jainism, Sikhism. Judaism.

Zoroashtrianism, Christianity Zoroashtrianism, Christianity and Islam all exist within the and Islam all exist within the

country todaycountry today..

THE TRINITYTHE TRINITY

GeneratesGenerates--BrahmaBrahma

ObservesObserves-Vishnu-Vishnu

DestroysDestroys-Shiva-Shiva

The Great Indian EpicsThe Great Indian Epics

RamayaRamayanana

MahabharatMahabharataaLongest Epic in Longest Epic in

world literature world literature with 100,000 with 100,000

two-line stanzastwo-line stanzas

The first The first Indian epicIndian epic

Indus Valley Civilization- one Indus Valley Civilization- one of the world’s first great of the world’s first great

urban civilizations.urban civilizations.

Harappa Civilization- 2700BC

World’s first university in World’s first university in Takshila –700 B.CTakshila –700 B.C

Sanskrit Language –most suitable Sanskrit Language –most suitable for computer softwarefor computer software

Ayurveda- earliest school of Ayurveda- earliest school of medicine known to humansmedicine known to humans

•

Yoga- Made in India

Origin –5000 BC

Documented by

200 BC – 300 AD

Origin of Martial arts – 200 BC

Kalarippayat

1515thth August , 1947 August , 1947Indian IndependenceIndian Independence

2626thth January , 1950 January , 1950

Republic-Republic- IndiaIndia

National Emblem

“Truth alone triumphs”

NATIONAL NATIONAL ANIMALANIMAL

National Bird - National Bird - PeacockPeacock

•

National Flower - LotusNational Flower - Lotus

Great Indian Great Indian PersonalitiesPersonalities

Invented the Zero

Aryabhatta

Mahatma Gandhi

Father of the nation

Embodiment of Non- Violence

Swami Vivekananda

Champion of humanitarianism

Great Indian Mathematician

Postulated and proved 3,542 theorems

Ramanujam

Rabindranath Tagore

1913 – Nobel Prize in Literature

1930 - Nobel Laureate in Physics

Work on scattering of light and Raman effect

C.V Raman

1979 – Nobel Prize in Peace

Mother Teresa

1968 - Nobel Laureate in Medicine

Work on interpretation of the genetic

code

Har Gobind Khorana

Subramanyan Chandrasekhar

1983 - Nobel Laureate in Physics

Work on structure and evolution of stars

DANCE FORMSDANCE FORMS

45 folk dances

7 Classical Dance forms7 Classical Dance forms

Bharata Natyam

Kathak

Kathakali

Kuchipudi

Manipuri

Mohini Attam

Odissi

More than 15 vocal forms

More than 60 music instruments

India - God’s own country

Celebrates more than 65 festivals

Places of historic importance

Tirumala - Tirupati

World’s richest temple

Saint Thomas CathedralStatue of Virgin Mary brought from

Portugal in 1543

The Golden Temple

Jamma Masjid

The biggest mosque in India

Thousand pillar temple

Gateway of India

Mysore Palace

Illuminated by 97,000 light bulbs

Dal Lake

Jewel in the crown of Kashmir

The Taj Mahal

Calcutta – City of joy

Cherrapunji

Wettest place on earth

We owe a lot to the Indians, who taught us how to count, without which no worthwhile scientific discovery could have been made.

-Albert Einstein

India is,the cradle of the human race,the birthplace of human speech, the mother of history,the grandmother of legend, and the great grand mother of tradition.Our most valuable and most instructive materials in

the history of man are treasured up in India only.

-Mark Twain

Jai Hind

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