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Unification of the Philippines
under the Spanish Rule
Spanish ruled the Philippines for more than 300 years.
The reduccionplan of Fr. Juan de Plasencia wasimplemented.
Filipinos partially transformed into little brownSpaniards.
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Early Resistance to Spanish Rule
The Spanish implementation of taxation, polo y servicio, galleontrade, indulto de commercio and government monopolies were one ofthe cause why Filipinos revolt.
Majority of the uprising were caused by the desire to regain theirlost freedom.
Other revolt were caused by the agrarian unrest.
There were also revolt triggered by the desire to revert their nativereligion.
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Resistance to Spansh-imposed Institutions
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Desire to Regain the Lost Freedom
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Desire to Revert the Native Faith
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Early revolt against Spanish Rule failed
because of: Sectional jealousies
Absence of national leaderships
Lack of communication
Policy of divide et impera
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Emergence of the Filipino sense of
Nationhood
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Opening of the Philippines to the World of
CommerceIt is the consequence of Spain's adaptation oflaissez-fairepolicy.
Influx of liberal ideas in the mind of the Filipinointellectuals.
They realized that government was an agreementbetween the ruler and the ruled to govern the welfareof the ruled.
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The Rise of Clase Media
As the result of the great economic transformation in the life of theFilipinos, a middle class (clase media) of Asian and Eurasianmestizos emerged in the Philippine social pyramid.
Families who prospered during the opening of the country toforeign commerce and trade, able to send their sons for education inEurope.
The European-educated Filipinos became disillusioned withSpain.
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Liberal Regime of
Carlos Ma. Dela Torre
Carlos Ma. Dela Torre was appointed
as the governor-general in the Philippines in1869.
He demonstrated his democratic and
liberal philosophy in governing the country.
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Racial Discrimination
Spaniards considered Filipinos as an inferior race andsarcastically called them Indios.
Fray Miguel de Bustamante's pamphlet Si TandangBasyong Macunat.
Racial discrimnation intensified enmity between theFilipinos and Spaniards.
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Secularization Controversy
Secularization of the parishes was the transferof the ministries established by the Spanish clergyto the Filipino seculars.
Fr. Pedro Pelaez, an insulares who rose to theposition of vicar capitular of Manila in 1861,lead the Filipino seculars in the struggle.
The secularization controversy lead to theunification of the Filipino clergy.
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Cavite Mutiny of 1872
The Cavite Mutiny broke out during the tenure ofRafael de Izquierdo.
Sgt. La Madrid led the mutiny in the arsenal ofCavite on the night of January 20, 1872.
Spanish authorities viewed the event as the
overturning of the colonial rule in the Island.
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Rizal and the Cavite Mutiny
Rizal was still very young when the mutiny brokeout.
He was already cognizant to the deplorableconditions of the country.
He first wanted to be a priest but change his
mind after hearing the martyrdom ofGOMBURZA.
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Prepared by: Group 2(muna)
Leader: Ivy Jill Jalimao
Curt Ramirez
Roelyn Joyce Javan
Kris Santos
Kim Madrid
Angelou Lauresta
Adenover Nuestro
Melanie Torio
John Michael Polintan
Joven Liwag
