Hindu Swayamsevak Sangh , USA Boudhik Vibhag Boudhik Yojana (Apr – June 2014 )

Hindu Dharma

Hindu Swayamsevak Sangh, USABoudhik VibhagBoudhik Yojana (Apr June 2014)

WeekendTopicFormatAll weeksGeetAbhyas and learnAll weeksAmrit vachan Read out loud before prarthana on sampata / during boudhikAll weeksSubhashitaLead and Follow before prarthana on sampata / during boudhikAPRYugaadi Utsav Doctor ji life and incidentsBaudhikDoctor ji life and incidentsStory/DiscussionDoctor ji life and incidentsStory/DiscussionHindu Dharma - DarshanasBaudhik and DiscussionMAYHindu Dharma - DarshanasBaudhik and DiscussionCurrent Affairs Discussion on Withdrawal of book Hinduism: Alternative HistoryBaudhik and DiscussionLong WeekendJUNHindu Dharma Scriptures (Vedas, Upanishads)Baudhik and DiscussionHindu Sanghatana Divas -Story of Shivaji Baudhik/StoryHindu Dharma - Scriptures (Puranas)Baudhik and DiscussionDiscussion on - SubhashitaBaudhik and DiscussionIt is suggested schedule. Feel free to make changes as appropriate to your shakha2SubhashitaRecommended format (at the time of sankhya during ending of the shakha):Vakta says once, everyone repeats twiceVakta reads the meaningVakta says once, everyone repeats once

Sample recording is attached.Try using similar tune line at a timeSubhashita | ||dIpo bhakShayate dhvAntam kajjalam cha prasUyate |yadannam bhakShayennityam jAyate tAdRishI prajA ||

Lamp eats darkness and produces [black] soot!What food (quality) [one] eats daily, so will [one] producehttp://blog.practicalsanskrit.com/2010/07/we-are-what-we-eat.html

Sample recording is attachedSee the blog for detailed explanation of the subhashita4Subhashita, ,

aneka-saMshayo_chchhedi, paroksh_Arthasya darshakam |sarvasya lochanam shAstram, yasya nAsti andhaiva saH ||It blasts many doubts, foresees what is not obvious |science is the eye of everyone, one who hasn't got it, is like blind ||http://blog.practicalsanskrit.com/2009/07/science-is-only-eye.html

Sample recording is attachedSee the blog for detailed explanation of the subhashita

5Amruta VachanSay this during Prarthana (while sankhya is being taken) or during baudhikImportant thing is to say it in front of the Gana with ConfidenceAssign the Amruta Vachan giving ample time to memorizePractice saying loudly and clearly Amruta VachanAlways bear in mind that your own resolution to succeed, is more important than any other one thing.Abraham Lincoln

The flower of youth should be offered at the feet of the Mother when it is in full bloom shedding its fragrance and beauty all roundKeshav Baliram Hedgewar (Doctor ji)

One who sees all beings in the Self, and the Self in all beings, hates none. Isha Upanishad7GEET- 1bodhayitv sangha bhvam nayitv hna bhvamnavaatbde kalyugbdhe hidu dharmo vijayatm ||dhru||rrabhaktm smarasym dakasapata prrthanbhiavardhayitv svbhimnam pncajanyam rvyatmdrghatapas pramanas crvacas vravrutysvrtharahitam jnasahitam ktratejo daratm ||1||vedav rrav dharmasaskrut mlagaglokabho jvanrtham saskrutena hi bhyatmhindu darana jvabht saskutia khalu vivamnybhavyabhrata vaibhavrtham scyanityam sevyatm ||2||aikyabhvam vardhayitv bhedabhvam vrayitvmtrumandira pjanrtham nitya kh gamyatmhindu bndhava snehabandhas sarvasdhaka aktidyvivamangala ntisukhadam hindurram rjyatm ||3||http://www.geetganga.org/bodha-itva-sangh-bhavam

8 http://www.geetganga.org/bodha-itva-sangh-bhavam

9GEET - 2

- Dharm hindu Dharm - - - - Dharma http://www.geetganga.org/har-har-bum-bum-%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%B0-%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%B0-%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%AE-%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%AE

Please note the changes to the wordings above while listening to the geet. Use this text for use in the shakha

10(Har Har Bam Bam Hindu Baankure Hain Ham) x 3Chir Vijay Kee Chaah Se Badh Rahe Hain Ye KadamDharma Ko Uthaayenge Hindu Dheer Veer Ham Har HarMahaan Hindu Dharma Kee Paramparaa Mahaan HaiYugon Yugon Se Dharma Kee Divya Aan Baan HaiYuddh Ho Kee Shanti Ho Karma Dharma Kranti HoVishwa Jaanataa Yahee Ham Naheen Kisee Se Kam Har HarKaal Chakra Vakra Ho Poornimaa Amaas HoDishaa Dishaa Prahaar Ho Khand Khand Maa na HoAb Na Deen Heen Ham Rah Na Jaaye Koee BhramKaal Ke Pravaah Ko Mod Kar Hee Lenge Dam Har HarVamsee Kee Taan Hai Geet Geet Gyaan HaiKadam Kadam Sadhaa Huaa Tej Hai Uphaan HaiAankh Aankh Jwaal Hai Bhujaa Bhujaa Krupaan HaiShatru Dharma Ke Suno Hain Jay Jawaan Ham Har Harhttp://www.geetganga.org/har-har-bum-bum-%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%B0-%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%B0-%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%AE-%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%AE11Use the material as reference. It is very important to cover stories of Doctor ji for at least two weeks in this quarter (Other than Yugaadi Utsav)Assign the material in advance and encourage exploration and study (Additional links have been provided and more are available in the internet)Purpose is to stimulate discussion and develop interest in learning moreContinuation of previous Quarters material on Hindu DharmaDeveloping a plan for baudhik in shakha (topics and vakta) is importantUse this material as support to local planningIf you developed alternate material , share with baudhik Vibhag ([email protected]) so that it can be shared with others.

Reference material for Tarun baudhik for quarter 2 - 2014Hindu DharmaPhilosophy, Scriptures

Hindu Dharma- PhilosophySanskrit Word Darshana means vision or realization of the SelfFinding out means to escape from clutches of gried and human existenceResult of a materially satisfied human mind wondering about purpose of life Most schools of thought existed simultaneouslyphilosophy was a practical matter useful for daily life and in shaping one's destinyNot just an intellectual curiosity, but an intense desire to go beyond curiosities of life

Philosophy Love of WisdomWestern philosophy had beginnings in GreekIncludes great thinkers like Plato, AristotleSchools of thought tended to rise and fallSee more details -- http://hinduism.iskcon.org/tradition/1101.htmhttp://www.esamskriti.com/essay-chapters/Six-Systems-of-Indian-Philosophy-1.aspxhttp://www.esamskriti.com/essay-chapters/Characteristics-of-Indian-philosophy-1.aspx

14Hindu Dharma- PhilosophyCommon characteristics of Hindu DarshanasDirect experience: Each school originated with an enlightened teacher who described his experiences of the truth and method of attaining itAcceptance of authority: When a teacher advocates a new philosophical system, he cites established scriptures or the writings of authorized sages to support his statementsHarmony among schools: All systems of Indian philosophy have a unique quality of cooperating with one another. When a debate takes place the intent is not to destroy anothers philosophy but to clarify ones own theories, thoughtsParallel growth and coexistence of so many schools:The various systems of philosophy flourished and grew simultaneously. The main reason is that the open-minded approach attracted students of various hues who were impressed with the practical aspects of that system of philosophyHindu Dharma- PhilosophyCommon characteristics of Hindu Darshanas Contd

Open-mindedness: A broad outlook that reflects its unflinching devotion to truth distinguishes Indian philosophy. Each school is open to the views of all other schools.Support of logic and reasoDirect experience is the foundation of Indian philosophy, All systems of Indian philosophy apply the methods of logic to argue their points of view and protect themselves from criticismBelief of Eternity: Each system of Indian philosophy proclaims that there is an eternal consciousness in man and the realization of this consciousness is the goal of lifePracticality: All systems of Indian philosophy contain a practical aspect called Sadhana. Thus the theoretical aspects of philosophy can be applied to everyday life16Hindu Dharma- PhilosophyMajor DivisionAstika : Accepting the authority of Vedas (also called orthodox)Nastika: Not Compeltely accepting the authority of vedas (Heterodox)

All of them (darshanas) deal with 4 topics1. Existence and nature of Brahman 2. Nature of the jiva or the individual soul 3. Creation of the jagat or the world.4. Moksha or liberation and the disciplines that lead to it.

Hindu Dharma- PhilosophyAstika Darshanas:Nyaya : Nyaya Sutra by Sage Gautama: Key Concepts: Pramana, Pratyaksha, Anumana,Upamana and ShabdaVaisheshika: Vaisheshika Sutra, Sage Kanaada, study on six categories or padartha of knowledge: substance, quality, activity, generality, particularity, and inherence. Samkhya: Sage Kapila, Oldest school. Sees universe as a mix of dualist entities (Light/Dark. Male/Female)Yoga: Accepted all samkhya concepts and added god. Adopts brahman/Atman concept from VedantaPurva Mimansa: Most closely tied to vedas. Accepted other schools, felt insufficient attention is paid to right action. Harmonize and make sense of all the rituals in the Vedas. Influence of this schools is seen on the daily rituals, observances of practicing Hindu. school is foremost in the analysis of sound and mantraUttara Mimamsa (also called Vedanta) concentrates on the philosophical teachings of the Upanishads rather than on the ritualistic injunctions of the Brahmanas. goal of Vedanta was to discover the Real Self (unity, in some way, with Brahman) by controlling the "lower self" and its impulses through study and meditation. The central doctrine of ancient Vedanta was Brahman: the eternal, uncaused, transcendent, Ultimate Reality; the ground of all being. God (Ishvara) was also important in Vedanta, though the Vedanta schools disagreed on whether God was Brahman, or was related to Brahman in some other way. Some of the most well-known schools of Vedanta including Advaita Vedanta, Vishishtadvaita, and Dvaita

http://www.esamskriti.com/essay-chapters/Six-Systems-of-Indian-Philosophy-1.aspxhttp://www.esamskriti.com/essay-chapters/Characteristics-of-Indian-philosophy-1.aspx

18Hindu Dharma- PhilosophyNastika Darshanas:

Lokayata: Held that perception is the only valid source of knowledge, for all other sources like testimony and inference are unreliable. Religious rituals were useless, and scriptures contained no special insight. the only purpose of life was to enjoy pleasure and avoid pain.

Jaina :There are souls in humans, animals, plants, and even in dust particles (perhaps an anticipation of microorganisms). Some souls are more conscious than others. Ahimsa doctrine was most important to the Jains. branched into an immense variety of religious worldviews. Jains believe that Jainism had always existed, but the earliest historical figures to whom we can ascribe a Jaina philosophy are Mahavira (6th century B.C.)

Bauddha: Path to liberation was called the "eight-fold noble path", and consisted of right view, right intention, right speech, right action, right livelihood, right effort, right mindfulness, and right concentration. By these methods, the Buddha taught, one may reach a liberation from suffering into nirvana

http://www.esamskriti.com/essay-chapters/Six-Systems-of-Indian-Philosophy-1.aspxhttp://www.esamskriti.com/essay-chapters/Characteristics-of-Indian-philosophy-1.aspx

19Hindu Dharma- PhilosophyDarshanaTeacherTeachingsVaisheshikaKanadaPhysics,especially atomic theory NyayaGautamaLogic and epistemology SankhyaKapila Muni Physics and metaphysics YogaPatanjaliSadhana (spiritual practices) MimamsaJaiminiHermeneutics and ritual VedantaVyasaMetaphysics Hindu Dharma- PhilosophyTake aways:All systems of Indian philosophy have a unique quality of cooperating with one another (compare with Abrahamic ones). Respect for sages and ancient scriptures is a strong tradition in India. When a teacher advocates a new philosophical system, he cites established scriptures or the writings of authorized sages to support his statementsSelf-realization, the direct experience of ones inner nature is the goal of all systems of Indian philosophy. Every system prescribed its own way of overcoming pain to achieve the goal of life. Thus every human being has to look within, understand his own nature and figure out his way to self-realization. There is nothing that this is the only way. Its all about direct experience referred to above.As we can see both Jain and bauddha darshanas form part of natika darshana. It is part of the development of philosophical treatise of prior schools. Westerners designated them as religions and that still continues to be in use.All rituals, practices of present have their origins in the principles of darshanas.21Hindu Dharma- ScripturesScriptures: the sacred writings of Christianity contained in the Bible (Original definition) any writing or book, especially when of a sacred or religious nature. (with Lower case S as in scripture )We will remember this definition as it makes sense to other than HINDUs.

Hinduism has no single scripture but many.They include the Vedas and their corollaries sometimes called collectively "the Vedic scriptures."There are two main divisions: shruti that which is heard (revealed truth), Canonical or eternal or unchangingsmriti that which is remembered (realized truth) supplementary, may change over timeSanskrit is the language of most canonical texts, but many subsidiary texts are written in the vernacular.

Refer http://hinduism.iskcon.org/tradition/1105.htm22Hindu Dharma- ScripturesWhat do the literature containPhilosophical conceptsInformation on personal valuesPractical injunctionsStory and mythPrayers and mantrasDetails of puja steps, descriptionVarious arts and sciences

Refer http://hinduism.iskcon.org/tradition/1105.htm

Sacred texts are treated with respect; they are never placed directly on the floor, nor touched with feet or dirty hands.Prayers are often recited before using or consulting them.Texts are often wrapped in silk cloth.Sometimes they are placed in a shrine and offered worship.Ancient texts were etched on leaves, such as palm.Books are used for recitation, personal study, theological training, pravachan and consultation on matters of spiritual and secular law.Seek Input from the group for examples of each of the items aboveDiscuss the way we need to treat the scriptures23Hindu Dharma- ScripturesVeda : Means Knowledge, Oldest available creations known to man

Rig-Veda Ten books (called mandalas) and has 1028 hymns in praise of various deities. It also contains the famous Gayatri mantra and the prayer called the Purusha Shukta (the story of Primal Man)Yajur-Veda handbook for use in the performance of yajnas (sacrifices) It is divided into two sections Krishna Yajurveda, Shukla YajuvedaSama-Veda consists of chants and melodies to be sung during worship and the performance of yajnaAtharva-Veda Contains hymns, mantras and incantations, largely outside the scope of yajna

With in each VedaSamhitas : literally "collections," in this case of hymns and mantrasBrahmanas: manuals of ritual and prayer for the guiding priests. They tend to explain the SamhitasAranyakas: literally "forest books" for hermits and saints. They are philosophical treatisesUpanishads: books of philosophy, also called "Vedanta," the end or conclusion of the VedasVeda : Means Knowledge Collection of Prose, poem concerning spiritual and material matters Oldest available creations known to man Transmitted Orally (these were not books in that sense) Apauresheya, Authors unknown, generally believed to be revealed to unnamed rishis Compiled into four groups, by Krishna Dwaipayana or Veda Vyasa

Gayatri Mantra (from the Rig Veda)"We meditate on that most adorable, most desirable and most enchanting effulgence of the Supreme Lord, who is the source of creation, inspiration and eternal happiness. May His light inspire and illumine our intellect."

24Hindu Dharma- ScripturesSix Vedangas (limbs of the Vedas) Provide method or structure for the study of Vedas

Kalpa (ritual detail)Siksha (pronunciation, chanting)Vyakarana (grammar)Nirukti (etymology)Chandas (metre)Jyotisha (astronomy/astrology)

Chanting method for Vedas is given in VedangaPreserves sanctity of MantrasShiksha part of vendanga provides several ways of chanting vedasPrakriti or natural way 1) pada patha ,2) krama pathaVikriti or Artificial way,There are eight ways1) Jata 2) Mala 3) Shikha 4) Rekha 5) Dhwaja 6) Danda 7)Ratha and 8) Ghana

Purpose was to preserve integrity of the vedic verses during oral transmissionSuch was the effort of our ancestors to preserve the sanctity of vedas http://bharatkalyan97.blogspot.com/2011/07/vedic-chanting-perfectly-formulated.html

CurrentlyVarious Online resources are available to study moreMobile app is available to learn chantingNewer schools have been started to promote study of vedasMore herehttp://www.esamskriti.com/essay-chapters/Scriptures-of-Sanatan-Dharma-1.aspx25Hindu Dharma- ScripturesUPANISHADSPhilosophical texts delineating some of the key concepts within HinduismThe traditional number of Upanishads is 108 (there are some of recent origin)13 are usually considered most important (number varies depending on context, person) Come at the end of the VedasDo not construct any complex system of ideas and beliefs.Contains stories of such individuals and their teachingsThe teaching of the Upanishads can be best understood under the following three categories the Self or essence of man Atmanthe Self or essence of the world - Brahmanthe relation between Atman and Brahman Some Upanishads are : Isha, Kena, Katha, Prashna, Mundaka, Mandukya, Aitareya, Taittariya, Brhadaranyaka, Chhandogya

http://hinduism.iskcon.org/tradition/1107.htm26Hindu Dharma- ScripturesPURANASNarrate in human terms the divinity and the doings of gods, sages, and heroesChief objective to educate people about the greatness of religion Generate in them an undying devotion for God through concrete examples, stories and legendshave history at their core, they are not meant to be historical or geographical literatureThe Puranas are distinct from the Itihasa, historylike the Ramayana and Mahabharatathrough two chief characteristics the Puranas focus on the mythological aspect, whereas the Itihasa focuses on the historical aspectHindus, firmly believe that a recital of the Puranas is the easiest way to attain peace, perfection, devotion, and liberation Present Vedic truths in a simple manner as against Vedas is archaic and difficult to master, metaphysics of the Upanishads is difficult for a common person to understandwww.esamskriti.com/essays/puranas.pdfhttp://www.bhavans.info/heritage/echoes33.asp

27Hindu Dharma- ScripturesPURANASTactfully helped in solving social and economic problems that arose due to social upheavals and foreign invasionsEntire body of the Puranas belong to three categories: sattvic, rajasic, and tamasic. They are also classified as belonging to Brahma, Vishnu, and ShivaImportant contribution of the Puranas is the introduction of the concept of avataraConcept of trimurti as Agni, Vayu, and Surya was present in Vedic times replaced by Brahma, Vishnu, and Shiva Doctrine of bhakti, which had its origins in the Vedas, now became fully developed and powerfullwww.esamskriti.com/essays/puranas.pdfIn the Shiva Mahapurana Shiva is highly praised, while an inferior position is given to other gods. On the other hand, in the Vishnu Purana Vishnu is highly praised, while an inferior position is given to other gods. However, this was only meant to increase the faith of the devotees in their particular Ishta Devata, Chosen Deity. But the principle that these gods are in essence one and the same keeps running through the literature.

Discuss:Do we miss the forest for the trees hung up about the treatment of any god in a purana and see that as a deficiency in uniting Hindus. 28Hindu Dharma- ScripturesPURANAS Impact of the puranasThe Puranas made a successful attempt at reconciling virtues and actions that were practiced by brahmanas, kshatriyas, vaishyas, and shudrasBy bringing them together and by giving them a universal status through the concept of svadharma, ones own dharma, the Puranas created a powerful and silent social revolution that made society cohesive and progressiveDuring the Puranic period a life of activity was specifically recommended as against useless renunciation; this gave a great impetus to the concept of karma yoga. Loka samgraha, doing good to the world, was also emphasized as a spiritual disciplinewww.esamskriti.com/essays/puranas.pdfRecently, Many of these puranas have become more accessible to Parents and ChildrenShiva Purarna, Vishnu Purana have been made into mega serials and they are also available as CD/InternetDiscuss:Usefulness of these commercial production .Are they supplementing the effort to preserve, promote Sanatana Dharma ?Do they help in developing pride in the achievements of our ancestors, considering the concepts, expanse of these stories and number and size of each of these puranas.Western scholars make a misleading distinction between Brahmanism, by which they mean the teachings of the Vedas and the Upanishads, and modern Hinduism, based largely on the Puranas which they regard as departing in important respects from that teaching. -- This affects perception of our children who get to learn about Hinduism in schools. Have we come across people like that ? How can this be addressed ? The variety of these texts Puranas, does it confuse parents like us? What can we do about it?

29Hindu Dharma-Maha Vakyas

There are several very important statements in the Vedas (and Upanishads), which are called the Mahavakyas, One needs to meditate upon them to understand their deep meaning

Prajnanam Brahma: 'Consciousness is Brahman.' This is called the Svarupabodha-Vakya or the sentence that explains the nature of Brahman or the Self. This is contained in the Aitareya-Upanishad of the Rigveda.Aham Brahma Asmi: 'I Am Brahman.' This is the Anusandhana-Vakya, the idea on which the aspirant tries to fix his mind. This is contained in the Brihadaranyaka Upanishad of the Yajurveda.Tat Tvam Asi: 'That Thou Art.' This is the Upanishadic Vakya contained in the Chhandogya Upanishad of the Sama Veda. The teacher instructs through this sentence.Ayam Atma Brahma: 'This Self is Brahman.' This is the Anubhavabodha Vakya or the sentence that gives expression to the inner intuitive experience of the aspirant. This is contained in the Mandukya Upanishad of the Atharva Veda.

http://www.swamij.com/mahavakyas.htmhttp://spirituality-essemmkay.blogspot.com/2011/02/4-mahavakyas-or-4-great-sentences.htmlhttp://sivanandaonline.org/public_html/?cmd=displaysection&section_id=1441https://vedavichara.com/basic-concehttp://sanskritdocuments.org/sites/snsastri/panchadasi-chapter-5.htmlpts/conclusions-with-mahavakyas.html

With Maha Vakyas, It is not about the dictionary meaning. It is about a link to spiritual achievement by a process of meditating on them.All the Mahavakyas are inter connected which can be explained thus : The disciple approaches the Guru and wants to be taught about the nature of the Ultimate Truth. The Guru first defines the Truth to the student as Prajnanam brahma .and this is a statement of definition . The student reflects on this teaching and comes to understand that the Consciousness , the subject , which is experienced as the 'I' is what is being talked about. but he still has doubts whether the Ultimate Truth is different from him . So he goes back to the Guru who gives him the next Mahavakya , Tat tvam Asi , which clearly declares that he ,the seeker himself is the sought. . This is a statement of instruction. .The student now sits in meditation and his doubts are removed and he is certain that he is not the mind, body, intellect and other conditions and he comes to directly experience the Self as Brahman. . Aham brahmasmi and this is a statement of experience . Now that he has experienced his real nature , the Guru advises him to ever revel and abide in this knowledge . . Ayam Atma brahma is the nature of this abidance and the student never loses sight of this knowledge even when he transacts with the world and this is a statement of constant practice.

The spiritual sadhana of the student starts with sravana ( listening ) and then with reflecting ( manana ) on the Truth and follows this up with contemplation ( nidhidhyasana ) and then comes to directly experience ( samadhi) and thereafter abides in this knowledge ( nishta )

30Hindu Dharma- Philosophy, ScripturesThere is lot more to learn about HINDU dharma , Philosophy and Scriptures.

We have covered a birds eye view of the same. Based on our interest , it is important for us to study more on this topic.

Internet has numerous sources for reading.One interested in more deeper understanding would be well advised to approach the study as a sadhana through a learned guru.

We will cover the Western religions, differences in philosophy, Are All religions the same etc. in the coming quarter.31Current AffairsThe issue was in news last quarterImportant to understand the implicationsPresent the material and seek additional points from the groupDiscuss the importance or promoting study of Religious studies at the college level by our childrenthe importance of supporting efforts in this direction by individuals (Rajiv Malhotra and others) and groups (DCF, HAF etc)

Current Affairs: Withdrawal of Wendy Donigers book Hinduism: Alternative HistoryFACTS OF THE CASE:

a. Book on Hinduism authored by Prof Wendy Doniger published by Penguin in 2009 and titled The Hindus: An Alternative History.b. The book was withdrawn from circulation owing to a law suit by one Dina Nath Mishra of Shiksha Bachao Andolan. The court did not rule on the case, but publisher agreed to withdraw the book and take back the unsold copies, prior to trial by the court.c. This agreement applied to copies sold in India ONLY. This book is available as a pdf on the net and still available for sale elsewhere outside indiad. The IPC Code according to which this agreement came about was introduced in India by the British, to prevent the publication of a book about prophet Mohamad in 1925e. The said code has been used to prevent books by other authors other communities (see above Link)http://www.huffingtonpost.com/suhag-a-shukla-esq/academic-integrity-its-wh_b_4961453.html33About The Book:1. Book has received positive reviews in some scholarly journals2. Many Indian/Indian Americans have reviewed the book and pointed out several inaccuracies, distortions. About the author: a. Wendy Doniger is a professor of History of religions in University of Chicagob. Has written many books on Hinduism Here are links to two articles from 2009 when the book was originally published 1. http://www.outlookindia.com/article.aspx?2625112. http://www.sandeepweb.com/2009/11/25/wendy-doniger-is-a-syndrome/Current Affairs: Withdrawal of Wendy Donigers book Hinduism: Alternative History34Opinion about the case in the newspapers: a. It is a freedom of speech issue.Counter arguments : 1. People touting this as freedom of speech issue were never there when the same IPC was used to ban book by Taslima nasrin (Lajja)2. Similarly the movie based on the book Da Vinci Code was banned in several states3. The story of Kamal Hasan's movie VishwaRoopam was changed forcibly to appease Muslims4. More over this book was withdrawn by the publisher , and not banned. It is still available for sale outside5 Same people arguing for freedom of speech chose to non judicial methods in at least 2 cases in USA a. Getting Subramanian Swamy banned from Harvard due to article he wrote on ways of attaching Islamic Terrorism b. Modi's participation in a conference in Wharton School was withdrawn owing to protest from the same crowd without giving the thought about Modi's right to free speechb. It is scholarly book written by a scholar on Hinduism and should be debatedCounter Arguments:1. Book was critiqued many scholars of Indian origin with references and facts . Wendy did not want to debate them.2. Read the article http://www.outlookindia.com/article.aspx?262511 to see counter arguments about scholarship of Wendy Doniger. 3. The field of religious studies in US universities is a clique and only those in agreement with the established line are admitted (Invading the Sacred 4. Wendy Doniger is NOT a religious scholar, she is a scholar of History of religions. Hence view is biased.Current Affairs: Withdrawal of Wendy Donigers book Hinduism: Alternative History35c. Using the courts to decide the scholarship of an author is wrongCounter Arguments:1. Hinduism has a tradition of debate. Wendy did not want to debate or the avenues for debate were closed for the authors disagreeing with her opinion2. This rule cannot be applicable to only Hindus. What is fair for the goose is fair for the gander. The IPC in question was initiated to protect "hurt sentiments of Muslims in pre-independence India3. This approach is better than rioting (vishwaroopam case, Danish cartoon Prophet Mohamed case, age old Salman Rushdie case). if the IPC is not correct it can be changed, but the change should be applicable to all

d. Those objecting to the book are not educated, scholars and hence dont have correct understanding of HinduismCounter Arguments:a. The books are written by authors like this are prescribed as reading material in Indian universities ( and IAS/IPS exams). Students reading this book dont have access to the material that disputes the opinions of the author. Some of these people go on to become administrators/educators. This gives negative bias about their own religion to whole future generationsb. Most of the authors writing these books have only "bookish" knowledge of hinduism and are not practitioners. Hence they dont have the correct understanding of Hinduism as understood and practiced in the 21st century c. Same arguments can be used against the scholars. Most of the scholars done have enough knowledge of sanskrit to understand the nuances of the sanskrit language. Many words in sanskrit language have multiple meanings depending on the context of language. Many of the books are based on the 2nd or 3rd step away from the original sanskrit works, in fact based on the English translations of the orginal works during colonial rule and hence already carrying a bias against Hinduism

Current Affairs: Withdrawal of Wendy Donigers book Hinduism: Alternative Historyhttp://www.huffingtonpost.com/suhag-a-shukla-esq/academic-integrity-its-wh_b_4961453.html

Suhag Shukla addresses the issue of academic freedom v/s freedom of speech issue in this article.. Please discuss.

36Inspiring Incidents from Doctor jis lifeDoctor ji , whose real was Keshav Baliram Hedgewar is the founder of Sangh, RSS in BharathHe was born on Varsha Pratipada (Yugaadi) in 1889, Apr 1stHe was Doctor by training , Studied in Nagpur, CalcuttaHe was active in many organizations before starting Sangh in 1925After analyzing the status of the society at that time and getting experience in many organizations involved in freedom movement he came to the conclusion that organizing the Hindu Society based on ideals of Sanatana Dharma is the right thing to do.What he started as a single Shakha in 1925 has now grown into huge tree spanning continents and every sphere of activity of Hindu society with in and outside Bharath.

http://samvada.org/2012/news/remembering-rss-founder-dr-kb-hedgewar-on-his-123th-birthday-on-yugadi/37Inspiring Incidents from Doctor jis lifeHeart Conquers Money:When Pandit Madan Mohan Malaveeya was visiting Nagpur (1926), P.P.Doctorjee brought him over to the then Sangha shakha, which was held in the broken ruins of Mohitewada palace. Pandit Malaveeya was overjoyed to see the inspired youth and their games. Looking at the dilapidation and ruins surrounding the shakha ground, Pandit Malaveeya thought that sangha must be facing a desperate shortage of funds (which indeed, was the case). He said to P.P.Doctorjee: "Doctor sahib, people call me " King of Beggars" - I am famous as a fund-raiser. If you say so, I can beg around and raise some funds for your organization.P.P.Doctorjee replied with humility: "Panditji, I have a shortage of inspired manpower, not of money. For our work, we seek blessings of elders like you, that is sufficient."Pandit Malaveeya was stunned and speechless to hear this. After a while, he said: "Doctorjee, my heart is filled with joy - I have heard such a noble sentiment for the first time. You put people above money; everywhere else the reverse is usually true. I will spread the word about Sangha everywhere I go!"Story of Rajaram Maharaj:Within 2 years of its beginning, the Sangha shakha of Kolhapur (Maharashtra) was banned by the then king, Rajaram Maharaj (in 1931). When Shri Pendharkar, a local worker asked for P.P.Doctorjee's guidance, he told him to restart the shakha after six months, with the name of Rajaram Swayamsevak Sangh; on the birthday of Rajaram Maharaj. But then P.P.Doctorjee never visited the shakha which was causing great anguish in the swayamsevaks of Kolhapur. Upon their insistence P.P.Doctorjee once visited Kolhapur, as the president of a local Hindu conference; and then he visited the shakha. Even upon being invited several times, Rajaram Maharaj did not come to the shakha during P.P.Doctorjee visit. In his speech; P.P.Doctorjee said: "It give me great pleasure to see the excellent Hindu youth activity of one Rajaram Swayamsevak Sangh. I now remember with great reverence Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj. Your Rajaram Swayamsevak Sangha is drawing inspiration for its Hindu activities, from his descendant, Chhatrapati Rajaram Maharaj. We, from Nagpur, feel proud to report to you that our shakhas too are drawing the Hindu inspiration from the same source.The report of P.P.Doctorjee's speech reached Chatrapati Rajaram Maharaj. He said, " At long last, P.P.Doctorjee has won! With great cleverness, he has now brought even me and my name to Sangha!"

38Inspiring Incidents from Doctor jis lifeDoctorjee turns a reluctant person into an ardent well-wisher:Once, Doctorjee met with Dr. E. Raghavendra Rao, a leading personality (and an ex-governor of Central Provinces) at Bilaspur. Dr. Rao said to him: "Doctorjee, how long will you keep on building up your organization? In M.P., I think it is sufficiently widespread. This is the opportune time for you to build a powerful opposition party challenging the weak-kneed congress".Doctorjee replied: "Our goal is to serve the society. There are still many locations in this province which don't have shakhas".Dr.Rao: "You can surely start the shakhas while you are in politics?"Doctorjee: " Where is the need for me to be in politics? It is sufficient, if well-meaning people in political leadership are supportive of Sangha.Dr. Rao: "What is the use of building such a mighty organization if it is not used to get political power? Power will also help you overcome obstacles in your work.Doctorjee: "Our work is to win over hearts of people, it is not to go after political power."Thus, the dialogue proceeded for a long time later, when we all (with Doctorjee) got up to bid farewell. Dr. Rao said: "Well, Doctorjee you are too deep. You have made me a talking machine!".

39Inspiring Incidents from Doctor jis lifeMahatma Gandhi jis visit to Sangh CampA memorable event in the year 1934 was the visit of Mahatma Gandhi to the Wardha District Camp of the Sangh and the meeting between Gandhiji and Doctorji. Gandhiji was then camping at the Sevagram Ashram near Wardha. The Sangh camp was right opposite that house. Near about 1,500 Swayamsevaks of Wardha district were camping. Gandhiji had seen the preparations for setting up the camp. He also observed the camp activities from his residence and felt like seeing the camp from close quarters. He spoke to Mahadev Desai who in turn wrote to Appaji Joshi. Appaji immediately went and met Gandhiji and invited him : Please do come whenever it is convenient for you. You will be most welcome.That was the day of silence for Gandhiji. He wrote on a slip of paper : I shall come at 6 tomorrow morning and shall spend an hour and a half there.The next day, i.e. on 25th December 1934, Gandhiji arrived at the Sangh camp punctually at 6 a.m. All the Swayamsevaks offered their pranam to him. Gandhiji was accompanied by Mahadev Desai, Mirabehn and a few others. After seeing the camp in its impressive get-up, Gandhiji patted Appaji on his back and said : I am really delighted. I have not witnessed such a sight anywhere in the country before. He then inspected the kitchen. Food was prepared and served to over 1,500 people without the least fuss or confusion ; the cost to each Swayamsevak came to just one rupee and a certain quantity of grain, and all the expenses of the camp were met by this ; the Swayamsevaks themselves made up the shortfalls, if any. All this information astonished Gandhiji.He later visited the sick ward and the tents of the Swayamsevaks. He saw people of all castes and classes harmoniously engaged in work without any reservations. In order to confirm his observation, he interrogated the Swayamsevaks themselves. Their response was uniform : There are no differences like Brahmin, Maratha, Asprishyas, etc., in the Sangh. We are in fact not even aware of what castes many of our Swayamsevak brethren belong to ; nor are we interested in knowing it. It is enough for us that we are all Hindus. Gandhiji asked Appaji, It appears almost impossible to ward off the evil of untouchability from our society. How has this phenomenon been made possible in the Sangh ? Appaji replied, Feelings of high and low, touchability and untouchability can be abolished only by emphasizing the inherent oneness of all Hindus. Then only will the spirit of fraternity be reflected in their sincere behaviour, and not merely in words. The credit for this achievement goes to Dr. Keshavrao Hedgewar.By then it was time for the general assembly. The bugle was sounded. All the Swayamsevaks stood to attention. Flag was hoisted. In accordance with the Sangh custom, Gandhiji also joined Appaji in offering pranam to the Bhagawa Flag.Gandhiji then visited the stores. Provisions and various requisites had been neatly arranged. There was a decorated portrait prominently displayed. Mahatmaji looked at it intently and enquired, Whose portrait is this ?That portrait is of Dr. Hedgewar, replied Appaji.Is that the same Dr. Keshavrao Hedgewar you mentioned when we were talking about untouchability ? How is he connected with the Sangh ?He is the Chief of the Sangh. We call him the Sarsanghach5lak. All the activities of the Sangh are carried on under his guidance. It is he who has started the Sangh.Will it be possible to meet Dr. Hedgewar ? If possible I want to hear about the Sangh from him directly.He is due to visit the camp tomorrow. If you desire, we shall bring him to you.Contd40Inspiring Incidents from Doctor jis lifeMahatma Gandhi jis visit to Sangh Camp - ContdGandhiji then returned to his Ashram.Next morning, Doctorji arrived at the camp. That evening the valedictory function was held under the presidentship of Bhopatkar of Pune. Afterwards, at Gandhijis invitation, Doctorji went to meet him, accompanied by Appaji Joshi and Bhopatkar. The discussion between Doctorji and Gandhiji extended for over an hour. The general trend of discussion was as follows.After preliminary exchange of courtesies, Gandhiji turned to a point uppermost in his mind :Doctorji, your organization is admirable. I am aware of the fact that you were for many years a Congress worker. That being so, why did you not build such a volunteer cadre under the aegis of a popular organization like the Congress itself ? Why did you float a separate organization ?It is true that I worked in the Congress. I was also the Secretary of the Swayamsevak Dal at the time of the 1920 session of the Congress, when my friend Dr. Paranjpe was the Dal President. Subsequently the two of us tried to build such a volunteer cadre inside the Congress. But our efforts were not successful. Hence this independent venture replied Doctorji.Why did your attempt fail ? Was it for want of financial assistance ?No, no ! There was no dearth of funds. Money can be a great help, no doubt. But money alone cannot accomplish everything. The problem that faced us was not one of money but of attitudes.Is it your opinion that noble-hearted people were not there in the Congress, or that they are not there now ?That isnt what I meant. There are many well-meaning people in the Congress. What is at issue is certain basic attitudes. The Congress has been formed primarily with a view to achieving a political end. Its programmes have also been drawn up accordingly, and it needs volunteers to arrange for these programmes. The Congress leaders are therefore used to looking upon volunteers as unpaid servants who arrange chairs and benches during meetings and conferences. The Congress does not seem to believe that the problems of the nation can effectively be solved only when there is a large and disciplined body of dedicated Swayamsevaks who are eager to serve the country of their own accord and without waiting for inspiration from elsewhere.What exactly is your conception of a Swayamsevak ?A Swayamsevak is one who would lovingly lay down his life for the all-round upliftment of the nation. To create and mould such Swayamsevaks is the aim of the Sangh. There is no distinction between a `Swayamsevak and a leader in Sangh. All of us are Swayamsevaks and are therefore equal. We love and respect everybody equally. We give no room for any differences in status. This is in fact the secret of the remarkable growth of the Sangh in such a short period without any outside help, money or publicity.I am indeed very glad. The country will certainly be benefited by the success of your efforts. I have heard of the vast following the Sangh has acquired in the Wardha district. How do you meet the expenses of such a huge organization ?The Swayamsevaks themselves bear the burden, each offering his mite as Gurudakshina.It looks as if your entire time is consumed by this work. How do you carry on your medical profession ?I have not taken to medicine as a profession. How then are you supporting your family ?I am not married.Gandhiji was evidently taken by surprise. In the same surprised tone he said, I see you are not married ! Very good. That explains the remarkable degree of success you have achieved in such a short duration !At the end, Doctorji said, I have probably taken too much of your time. I have no doubt that, with your blessings, our efforts will succeed. Permit us to take your leave now.Gandhiji came up to the door to bid farewell, and said, Doctorji, with your character and sincerity, there is no doubt you will succeed.Doctorji offered his prandm to Gandhiji and returned to the camp.41Inspiring Incidents from Doctor jis lifeNo Work is SmallAt the spot where the RSS Karyalaya (Dr. Hedgewar Bhavan) stands today, there was a dilapidated, ancient "Mohitewada" (place of the Mohite Dynasty) building in the past. It actually was little better than a heap of broken bricks and stones. It was also a garbage dumping place for people in the area. Since in 1925, we Swayamsevaks could not get any other grounds to play games, we decided to clean up this area. On the assigned clean-up day, I was dumbfounded to see that Doctorjee was the first to arrive, and he was cleaning up, removing dirty, stinking, rotting garbage with great enthusiasm. This was a great lesson to the rest of us: Any work of Sangha, however small or big, important or not, even the chief of RSS (Sarasanghachalak) will personally do it. In every small or big event, his behavior gave us the message that he was one among all other Swayamsevaks, and that he expected no special treatment. He came, like all others, to the shakha on time, wore the Ganavesh (uniform) and participated in all the shakha activities. In those days when high school students shied away from holding the Danda (stick) in the hand (it was considered not fashionable), how can I forget the sight of Doctorjee in Poorna Ganavesh (full uniform) doing Patha Sanchalan (Parade) holding his Danda (stick) proudly? Where else can we see such a glowing example of self-sacrifice, of merging one's personality and ego in to the Sangha idealism?

42Inspiring Incidents from Doctor jis lifeDistinguish Between Temporary and Long Term National BenefitIn the mid 1930s, many swayamsevaks from Bhagya Nagar (today's Hyderabad, A.P.) had become anxious to jump into the Freedom struggle of Bharat by participating in "Satyagraha"s (Civil Obedience). They were hopeful that P.P. Doctorjee would readily agree to this proposal, since he himself had been in the "Satyagraha" in 1930 (he had been jailed for several months).But Sangha work had grown by leaps and bounds by this time. So, P.P. Doctorjee said: "I appeal to you to consider all aspects of your proposal. In two more months, we will have the summer O.T.C. (Officers Training Camp") of Sangha in this area. In this important activity, the seeds of Sangha's future will be sown. Please identify those workers who will be needed for this work and keep them away from the satyagraha, so that the Hindu society and the nation of Bharat do not lose on their own future. It may feel nice to participate in the agitation phase of satyagraha. For this, you may be considered to be a virtuous, Freedom Fighter. But we all must avoid the cardinal sin of canceling the OTC, thus putting back Sangha work by a year until next summer comes along!"

This convinced the workers. In the face of mammoth waves of occasional patriotic fervor, the swayamsevaks were able to remain steadfast and true to Sangha work. They did participate in satyagraha, but in batches, so that both Sangha work and satyagraha participation got the boost.

It is natural to feel that some urgent tasks/events are more important than the long term work of character building. This long term work is slow, results are not immediate, and it is not even measurable. But it shows up in times of need by the society uttarkhand floods, 1000s ofseva projects started by swayamsevaks all over the country and overseas. Many times people are not even aware of the fact that many of these projects are run by the swayamsevaks.Most recent example would be Modi and elections in India. Doctor ji gives a clear example how to handle the needs of short term and long term goals.43Inspiring Incidents from Doctor jis lifeValue Heart over Money:At the O.T.C camp in 1935 at Nagpur city college, the chief guest was Babu Padmaraj Jain , a wealthy businessman who was also deeply interested in Sangha work. Shri Mama Saheb Chitale, a senior Sangha worker, explained to Shri Jain the dire need of money faced by Sangha, including the facts about P.P.Doctorjee's own life of extreme poverty. Being a kind hearted man, Shri Jain agreed to help Sangha out financially. Shri Chitale ji was overjoyed. He rushed to P.P.Doctorjee and gave him the "good news". P.P.Doctorjee merely smiled and said nothing. Next day, in the Baithak, P.P.Doctorjee stressed that Shri Jain should actively support Sangha work, by starting new shakhas in his native Bengal. Shri Chitale ji intervened : "Also there is the matter of money....". Interrupting his sentence, P.P.Doctorjee said: "Shri Jain ji, in order to strengthen Sangha work in Bengal, please send as many young boys to O.T.C camps, as possible. Money is of secondary importance".Being the elder person, Shri Chitale ji said again: " Shri Jain ji, please do not listen to P.P.Doctorjee. You are seeing for yourself the dire need for money. Please donate money, and to make P.P.Doctorjee happy, please send a few boys to the O.T.C. camps"Several people in the Baithak, including Shri Jain, burst out into laughter. P.P.Doctorjee said :"Shri Chitale ji, I respect you. But please see, if Shri Jain ji's heart and soul is in Sangha work, why do we need to worry so much about money?Shri Jain ji smiled, and nodded his agreement. Everyone present there agreed to P.P.Doctorjee's statement. Shri Chitale, however, remained unconvinced. He was muttering: "Look, here was golden opportunity I had created to make some money for Sangha, P.P.Doctorjee just squandered it away!".

This incident show that sangh has placed importance on giving time and heart (Tan/Man) than the money (Dhan). The principle was set by doctorji and followed by him in every way and still remains the mainstay of the sangh.Similar incident also happened with Pandit Madan Mohan Malaviya ji44Inspiring Incidents from Doctor jis lifeOranges from Nagpur Won't sell in Pune:In the 1932 Baithak in Pune for inauguration of the Sangha Shakha, P.P.Doctorjee was confronted with several arguments from the "high intellectuals" of Pune.One person said: "Since we Pune-ites are high intellectuals every street corner here has half a dozen social groups. Everyone follows his own thoughts. Is it possible to have a "Sangha" type organization here ?"Another person said: "Doctorjee, you don't know the mentality of Pune people. They are not accustomed to do anything in co-operation with one another. The only time four Hindus walk here together, in the same direction, is when they are carrying a fifth one on their shoulders - i.e. in a funeral procession, carrying the dead body.Finally, a very famous man said: "Doctorjee, your Nagpur oranges will never sell here!"P.P.Doctorjee quietly listened to all. He did not get into any argument with anybody. Next day, he started the shakha. Within a few years, it grew into a mighty organization with literally thousands of swayamsevaks attending; in full uniform to boot. In one Sangha Utsav (festival celebration) the afore mentioned very famous man was invited as the chief guest. He reminisced about his old statement and said in his speech :"P.P.Doctorjee, your Nagpur oranges have become very precious here in Pune". At this P.P.Doctorjee again merely smiled.That was his way. He answered most questions by deeds, not words.

The obstacles to sangh work comes in different ways. Many time our own swayamsevaks are not confident of the philosophy, method of working, our own ability or reception of the society.The incident above shows that it was true in Doctor jis time and he went ahead any way in spite of the opinions of friends or enemies.The result is the vat vruksh that sangh is today 45Hindu Unity Day(Hindu Sanghatana Divas)Shivajis Coronation Day in 1674 A.D., at Raigadh in MaharashtraThe thirteenth day of the bright half of JyeshthaVowed in the presence of God to achieve Hindavi Swaraj at the age of 14.Whole of Hindustan was under Mughal ControlMotivated people to strive and sacrifice for the establishment of a Hindu StateGreat Hindi bard Bhushana, who declined the royal favors of the Moghal court to come over to Shivaji to record his glories, sang: Kashiji ki kalaa jaati, Mathura masjid hoti | Shivaji na hote to sunnat hoti sab ki || (The artistic beauty of Benaras would have perished, Mathura would have turned into a masjid, and all would have been circumcised, had not Shivaji been born).

http://www.hssus.org/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=46&Itemid=64http://hero-for-modern-india.blogspot.in/

46Hindu Unity Day(Hindu Sanghatana Divas)Swami Vivekananda spoke of him in these glowing terms: "Shivaji is one of the greatest national saviours who emancipated our society and our Dharma when they were faced with the threat of total destruction. He was a peerless hero, a pious and God-fearing king and verily a manifestation of all the virtues of a born leader of men described in our ancient scriptures. He also embodied the deathless spirit of our land and stood as the light of hope for our future."

Cover some incidents of Shivajis life story (see link in the notes as well)

http://www.hssus.org/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=46&Itemid=64http://hero-for-modern-india.blogspot.in/

47Hindu Unity Day(Hindu Sanghatana Divas)Chhatrapati Shivaji: Inspiration for VietnameseThere is a Statue of ChhatrapatiShivajiMaharaj in HO CHI MI of Vietnam.They installed it as a tribute to the great king of India. During theVietnam war, people used to study the guerrilla war tactics from the style ofShivaji. A small country likeVietnambroughta mighty USA to its knees. President ofVietnamwas asked by reporters, how could they achieve that feat?He replied that I read the character & deeds of a great king, who inspired me to try his war tacticts against the US Forces..and the success just followed.When asked who was the king , he replied Shivaji. He further added thathad such a king been born inVietnam, we would have ruled the worldAfter the death of the said Vietnamese President, he had it inscribed on his tombstone Shivaji Maharajas One Mavla, has achived Samadhi (Since Shivajis soldiers belonged to Maval region of Maharashtra, they were called Mavlas)A few years later the Vietnamese, lady Foreign Minister visited India, and as per SOP conducted to Red Fort and Gandhis Samadhi. She asked where is Shivajis Samadhi ? The Govt officials went into a flutter, and replied that at Raigadh. She expressed her desire to visit the same. On reaching the Samadhi at Raigadh, & paying her tributes, she picked up the soil around the samadhi and and put it into her briefcase. When questioned by reporters, she answered This soil is of land of braves..once I return toVietnam, I will mix it with soil of my country, so that brave people like Shivaji born there.

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