Higher Education and National Economic Development:Lessons from India

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Higher Education and National Economic Higher Education and National Economic Development : Lessons from IndiaDevelopment : Lessons from India

Prof. (Dr.) T. A. MoreProf. (Dr.) T. A. More Vice - ChancellorVice - Chancellor

Mahatma Phule Agricultural University, Mahatma Phule Agricultural University,

Rahuri - 413722, Dist. Ahmednagar, IndiaRahuri - 413722, Dist. Ahmednagar, India

Email: Email: [email protected]

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Establishment of the Post-graduate School at the Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, in 1958 with the integration of research, teaching & extension education was a significant landmark in the history of HAE.

Government of India appointed in Education Commission in 1948, Study Teams in 1955 & 1959 & Agricultural University Committee in 1960.

The first SAU was established at Pantnagar in 1960, on the pattern of the Land Grant Colleges of the USA.

Later on at least one SAU in each major state during sixties & seventies.

SAUs adopted integrated concept of Teaching, Research & Extension Education.

Education system itself underwent a major changes such annual system, trimester system, & finally semester system, 100 % internal evaluation & latter grading system with full transparency. This has brought a revolutionary change for bettering higher agricultural education in India.

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Massive expansion in supply of colleges: 

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DARE - ICARAgriculture Minister &

President, ICAR General Body, ICAR

Society

Chairman, ASRB Secretary, DARE & Director General,

ICAR

Governing Body, ICAR

Addl. Secretary, DARE (Fin.) & Financial

Advisor, ICAR

Addl. Secretary, DARE &

Secretary, ICAR

Deputy Director

Generals

National Director (NAIP)

45 Research Institutes

4 Deemed Universities

6 National Bureaux

17 National Research Centres

25 Directorates/Project Directorates

61 All India Coordinated Research Projects

17 Network Projects

62 State Agricultural Universities (including one deemed university status)

01 Central Agricultural University

643 Krishi Vigyan Kendras (KVKs)

Crop Science

Horticulture

Natural Resource Management

Animal Science

Fisheries

Engineering

Education

Extension Education

ICAR-SAU system

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Name Quantity

SAUs 60

Deemed Universities 04

NAARM 01

Central Agricultural University

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Central Universities (Agril. Faculty)

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Total 70

Agricultural Faculty

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Scheme of examination (ICAR Entrance)

One paper - Physics, chemistry &

Biology/Mathematics/Agriculture carrying 180

questions.

Candidates have to attempt (1) Physics, (2)

Chemistry, (3) Biology or Mathematics or

Agriculture papers as per their eligibility &

choice of the subject. Each subject has 60

questions.

Eligibility 10+2 with 60% in combination shown against

each subject of study (55% for SC/ST).

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Sr. No.

Faculties UG Degree Credit

1 Agriculture B. Sc. (Agri.) 1632 Horticulture B. Sc. (Hort.) 1603 Agricultural

EngineeringB. Tech (Agril. Engg.) 183

4 Home Science B. Sc. (Home Science) 1595 Food Science &

TechnologyB. Tech (Food Technology.) 180

6 Agri Business Management

B. B. A (Agri.) 160

7 Fisheries Science

B. Sc. (Fisheries) 172

8 Forestry B. Sc. (Forestry) 1609 Biotechnology B. Sc. (Agril.

Biotechnology) 160

Course Credit

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New UG Curriculum with emphasis on Hands on Training/ Experiential learning

First to Sixth semester - covers majority of

courses.

Seventh semester – RAWE/RHWE

Eighth semester – Experiential learning

programme This was mainly with the objective of

providing adequate experiential learning

so that the graduates have confidence

and entrepreneurial skills to start

vocation.

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Agri Botany;

Agri Biotechnology;

Agri Chemistry;

Agri Economics,

Agri Extension,

Agronomy,

Agri Engineering,

Agri meteorology,

Agri statistics & Agri

zoology,

Agri Entomology,

Extension education,

Forestry,

Social forestry;

Farming system

management,

Horticulture

M. Sc. Agriculture Specialiazation

Microbiology;

Nematology;

Plant physiology;

Ecology

Plant pathology,

Plant protection,

Sugar cane technology,

Seed technology,

Soil science and

Soil conservation,

Sericulture,

Tea husbandry,

Water conservation,

Mycology.

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Master’s Degree (M. Sc. Agri.)Minimum credit requirements:

Courses Minimum Creditsa) Major subjects 20 b) Minor subjects 09 c) Supporting subjects 05 d) Seminar 01Total course credits 35e] Thesis (Research Work) 20

Total credit for degree 55f) Non-Credit Compulsory Courses 06

Doctoral degree (Ph.D.)Courses Minimum Creditsa) Major subjects 15 b) Minor subjects 08 c) Supporting subjects 05 d) Seminar 02Total course credits 30e] Thesis (Research Work) 45Total credit for degree 75f) Non-Credit Compulsory Courses 06

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Minimum Residential Requirement

Master degree programme – 04 semesters Doctorate degree programme – 06 semesters The maximum time limit for completion (from the date of admission)

M. Sc. – 4 years (i.e. 8 semesters) Ph. D. – 6 years (i.e. 12 semesters)

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US Cooperative State Research, Education & Extension Service (CSREES) has awarded 4 grants totalling about $ 400,000 to US universities for advancing the US-India Agricultural Knowledge Initiative.

Awarded thro, International Science & Education competitive grants programme, the initiative involves universities & private sector & will focus on strengthening human & institutional capacity, promoting sustainable use of water resources, effectively applying biotechnological approaches, & ensuring strong markets & processing chains.

Through federal funding & leadership for research, education & extension programmes, CSREES focuses on investing in science & solving critical issues impacting people's daily lives & the nation's future.

The knowledge initiative was launched in 2005 by US President Bush and Indian Prime Minister Singh. This year's grants have gone to Tuskegee University, University of Delaware, North Carolina State University & Florida International University.

US-INDIA: Collaboration in Agricultural Education

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Tuskegee University will use the grant to improve environmental & international curricula & capacities at the Department of Agricultural & Environmental Sciences at Tuskegee University & to collaborate with the Department of Poultry Science at India's Sri Venkateswara Veterinary University to conduct collaborative research in environmental waste management.

University of Delaware will partner with the International Crop Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics, located in Patancheru, India, to enhance its knowledge of sustainable agriculture & watershed management practices that developing countries are implementing.

North Carolina State University will collaborate with several Indian universities & organisations, and will use a multi-disciplinary approach to evaluate issues faced by the dairy & poultry industries, such as pollution of the environment from methane emissions & animal waste, & develop cost-effective technologies to optimise production practices & enhance health.

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Partners in this project include Punjab Agricultural University, Karnataka Animal & Fisheries Sciences University, Lifeline Feeds, Inc., Sri Venkateswara Veterinary University, Public Health Foundation of India, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, GB Pant University of Agriculture & Technology, & Maharashtra Animal & Fishery Sciences University.

Florida International University will train faculty & students in international aspects of biofuel production, technology & trade, & expand the university's capabilities to educate students, farmers & US energy industry groups.

Students & faculty will conduct short-term research projects & internships on bioenergy topics in India, Brazil & other countries of Latin America & the Caribbean.

Primary partners in India include the University of Agricultural Sciences - Bangalore, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University and ICRISAT.

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MOUs between MPAU, Rahuri & International organization/universities regarding education

1) Agreement of Cooperation between the University of Turin, Italy (AGROINNOVA, Centre of Competence for the Innovation in the agro environmental sector) and Mahatma Phule Agricultural University, Rahuri for promoting & maintaining scientific relations & teaching methodologies between 2 institutions.

2) MOU between Mahatma Phule Agricultural University, Rahuri (India) & University of Maryland, College of Agriculture & Natural Resources (AGNR) (USA)

3) MOU between College of Agriculture, Baramati, Dist. Pune, Mahatma Phule Agricultural University, Rahuri, Dist. Ahmednagar, and Van Hall Larenstein (University of Applied Sciences), Netherlands, & of Wageningen University & Research centre for educational cooperation.

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EXTENSION EDUCATIONTechnology transfer must be preceded & succeeded by technology assessment & refinement, & hence are complementary to each other.

There is a need to develop a scientist-farmer linkage that would be helpful in generation of effective technologies, but would foster the cause of technology transfer as well as catalytic basis.

Extension needs to be sensitive to the changes in terms of rapid communication & all efforts are to be made to generate self-employment opportunities for farmers, farm women & farm youth.

Extension service needs to equip itself to cope with the changed scenario though different dimensions. Strengthening the extension to allied agricultural sectors like:

Technology parks. Farm literatures & reading media. Communication technologies & information centres. Developing alternative extension models. Institution-village linkage programmes. Formation of action plan & calendar of programmes.

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National Assessment & Accreditation Council (NAAC)

Lays special emphasis on

evaluating the quality of higher

education to assess & accredit

institutions of higher learning,

universities & colleges or 1 or more

of their units, i.e., departments,

schools, institutions, programmes,

etc.

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University Grants CommissionIt is a statutory organization established by

an Act of Parliament in 1956 for the coordination,

determination & maintenance of standards of

university education.

The Commission also advises the Central &

State Govts. on the measures which are necessary

for the development of HE.

It functions from New Delhi as well as its 6

Regional offices located in Bangalore, Bhopal,

Guwahati, Hyderabad, Kolkata & Pune.

The UGC establishes autonomous Inter-

University Centres within the university system.

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THANK YOU