HEIGHAM GROVE CONSERVATION AREA APPRAISAL...the city’s maternity home in 1925. The most notable surviving mid 19th house and garden are the Beeches and Plantation Garden. In 1855

HEIGHAM GROVECONSERVATION AREA APPRAISALNUMBER 4 MARCH 2011

CONSERVATION AREAS IN NORWICH:

1. CITY CENTRE

2. BRACONDALE

3. NEWMARKET ROAD

4. HEIGHAM GROVE

5. THORPE ST ANDREW

6. SEWELL

7. EATON

8. TROWSE MILLGATE

9. EARLHAM

10.OLD LAKENHAM

11.BOWTHORPE

12.MILE CROSS

13.THORPE HAMLET

14.THORPE RIDGE

15.UNTHANK & CHRISTCHURCH

16.HELLESDON VILLAGE

17.ST MATTHEW’S

PAGE 2 // CONSERVATION AREA APPRAISAL // HEIGHAM GROVE

INTRODUCTION

04HISTORICDEVELOPMENT

07URBAN DESIGN ANDSTREETSCAPE

15ARCHITECTURE

20NATURAL CHARACTER

28

MANAGEMENT ANDENHANCEMENT

31FURTHER READING

37LISTED BUILDINGSREGISTER

37LOCAL LIST REGISTER

37

CONTENTS:



INTRODUCTION

The appraisal assesses the characterand appearance of Heigham Groveconservation area, and includesproposals for management andenhancement. This is in line withsections 69 and 71 of the Planning(Listed Building and ConservationAreas) Act 1990.

The appraisal was subject to publicconsultation during November 2010and approved by the city council’scabinet on 16 March 2011. It shouldbe read in conjunction with the City ofNorwich Local Plan 2004 (in particularChapter 3 “Heritage and the BuiltEnvironment”) and developmentguidance to be provided in the JointCore Strategy and other localDevelopment Documents.

Heigham Grove is predominantly an area of 19th century residentialdevelopment, ranging from streetsof small Victorian terraced housesto more substantial villas set withinleafy surroundings. Although thearea tends to slope down towardsthe south west, the topography is fairly erratic, partly as a result of medieval chalk workings andincisions by later road alignments.This results in some disjointed and irregular street patterns andunusual ‘hidden’ spaces andbuildings. Although sometimesdisorientating, this has also createdan element of surprise.

The north east of the conservationarea borders the city centre andmany houses have been convertedto office or hotel uses. This part of the conservation area is alsodominated by the monumentalRoman Catholic Cathedral, whichtowers over neighbouringbuildings.

The unusual topography of the areaand the nature of speculative Victoriandevelopment creates eight distinctivecharacter areas. Sub area A is an areaof transition – it has a more urbancharacter and feels more closelyconnected to the city centre.

Heigham Grove was first designated aconservation area on 4 September 1973 and wasextended on 8 January 1991 and 18 September2003. The boundary of the area has now beenrevised with the removal of part of Heigham Roadand the inclusion of the remaining section ofPark Lane, the south side of Parker Street and1 Trinity Street.


INTRODUCTION

Sub area B contains a variety ofbuildings ranging from large detachedvillas set within spacious grounds topost-war deco style flats. Sub area C is characterised by mid to late Victorianvillas set within spacious grounds liningUnthank Road, many of which havebeen converted to offices. Sub area Dis characterised by plain, small, mid19th century artisan white brick terracehouses. Sub area E contains a variety of terraces, best demonstrating thedifferent styles adopted by differentbuilders. Sub area F is a compact areaof medium sized terrace houses withdecorative features. It is proposed toextend the conservation area to include1 Trinity Street, an important cornerbuilding which is harmonious with thecharacter of the rest of the street. Subarea G is a distinctive enclave of artsand crafts style houses set around aspacious lawn. Sub area H containspredominantly medium sized terracevillas and includes the proposal to extend the boundary of theconservation area to cover late 19thcentury terrace housing on Park Lanewhere the majority of features such as timber sash windows, stained glass

and porch tiles have been retained. The area also contains the formerSwedenborgian church and the ParkLane Methodist Church. Sub area I ischaracterised by larger villas, many ofwhich are double fronted.

A section of Heigham Road has beenremoved from the conservation area asthe houses no longer retain theiroriginal features, and the majority ofhouses have lost their front gardensand garden walls when converted toparking areas. It is considered that thestreet no longer has sufficient localarchitectural or historic interest to meritconservation area status. Although thearea also contains a significant numberof trees in the grounds of the former StPhillips Church and vicarage, these arecovered by an existing tree preservationorder, so remain protected (see page 30).

There are a number of sites in andaround the area which are have eitherbeen redeveloped with three storeyblocks of flats or garages and can be considered to harm the characterand appearance of the conservationarea (identified on the map p19).

If these sites are subject toredevelopment this appraisal should be used to assist in designingappropriate new development interms of scale, height, massing,alignment, materials and use to meet the requirements of PlanningPolicy Statement 5 paragraph 7.5.

The appraisal will be used by the citycouncil to help determine planningapplications affecting the conservationarea, and will be taken into account by the Planning Inspectorate whenconsidering planning appeals.


CONSERVATION AREA MAP

©Crown Copyright 2010


HISTORIC DEVELOPMENT

It is believed that for several hundredyears after the 11th century (andmaybe earlier) the area was closelyassociated with chalk and flint mining.In 1823 an extensive system oftunnels were rediscovered underEarlham Road. They became a touristattraction and candle-lit tours tookpeople through various tunnels withnames including Beehive Lane,Bacchus Street and Royal Arch. One cave was found to contain theinscription ‘John Bond 1571’. In 1986Earlham Road gained internationalnotoriety when the roof of a formertunnel collapsed, in the processconsuming the back end of the No 26bus. Fortunately no-one was injured.

The oldest built up part of theconservation area is near thepedestrian bridge adjacent to the site of the former St GilesGate, although the area hasundergone significant changeduring the 20th century.

St Giles Gate, demolished in 1794, wasone of the principal gates into the cityfrom the west and was just outside thepresent conservation area on the siteof the Grapes Hill dual carriageway.The oldest surviving building is the17th century public house nowknown as the Temple Bar (formerlyThe Tuns). Adjacent to the presentpedestrian bridge along Earlham Roadwas The Grapes Hotel (commonly

known as ‘the Grapes’, and originallycalled ‘The St Giles Gate’). The Grapesfirst gained a licence in 1811 and thebuilding appears to date from c1800.Further along the street was a moreelaborate three storey Victorian redbrick building. The photograph aboveshows both buildings in 1933 withworkmen in the foreground replacingtram tracks, although within two yearsthe tram tracks were to be removedaltogether.

The first part of the conservation area to be developed was the areaimmediately adjacent to St Giles Gate and along Earlham Road. To the southof Earlham Road, much of the land fell within the Unthank and Heighamestates. These were gradually parcelled up and sold off for the speculativedevelopment of terrace houses during the mid to late 19th century.

18th century sketch of St Giles Gate entrance to the city. (© Norfolk County Council)

The Grapes Hotel and tram tracks on the bendof Earlham Road. (© George Plunkett)



In 1935 the tramline closed and infollowing years both buildings in thephoto were badly damaged during the war and later demolished. A newbuilding was built in 1950, but wasdemolished in 2005 when the site wasredeveloped with sheltered housing.

From 1828 until 1884, before theconstruction of the Roman CatholicCathedral, the city’s gaol occupied the corner site. The gaol was arectangular late Georgian buildingdesigned by the architect PhillipBarnes. In 1884 the gaol was movedto Mousehold and the prominent sitewas considered the ideal location forthe new Roman Catholic Church.

The Roman Catholic Cathedral of St John the Baptist was designed byGeorge Gilbert Scott and his brotherJohn Oldrid Scott following theformer's death in 1897. Constructiontook place from 1884-1910. Althoughcompleted in 1910, the church was notgranted cathedral status until 1976.

The Tithe Map of 1844 (available at http://www.historic-maps.norfolk.gov.uk) showsdevelopment already beginning to spread out from the city duringthe early 19th century. This earlydevelopment was quite dispersedin contrast to the more compactand rigid planning of later streetsof terrace housing.

Just east of the Black Horse PublicHouse (datestone 17 B WA 94) thereused to be a terrace of three storey redbrick buildings incorporating shop frontson the south side of the road. Theseappear to have dated from c1800, but were demolished in the 1960swhen Earlham Road was widened.

The majority of early developmentalong Earlham Road was of largedetached houses within spaciouslandscaped settings. Two houses, The Grove and Heigham Grove House,were destroyed by enemy action on 27 June 1942. The site wasredeveloped in 1951 with flats in a vaguely art deco style. A plaquecommemorates T Bright, an air raidwarden who lost his life in the raid.

4-8 Unthank Road taken in 1937. (buildings dateto c1838) (© George Plunkett)

Former early 19th century terrace. Adjacent to theBlack Horse (now demolished). (© G Plunkett)

The Black Horse in 1937 before road widening.(© G Plunkett)



Both the Grove and Heigham GroveHouse had an unusual gothic design,similar to Curfew Lodge further alongEarlham Road (see page 20). HeighamGrove House was built in 1803 for MrAdams, a stonemason on ChapelfieldRoad, and within the grounds there wereseveral follies, including a three storeybrick clock tower. The house becamethe city’s maternity home in 1925.

The most notable surviving mid 19thhouse and garden are the Beeches andPlantation Garden. In 1855 upholsterand cabinet maker Henry Trevorpurchased a lease on the former chalkquarry on Earlham Road and set aboutcreating an elaborately landscapedgarden with feature walls and gardenstructures constructed with wastedecorative brick and tiles from a local

manufacturer. In 1856 he built thePlantation Garden to live in himself,and in the 1860s the Beeches, whichhe let out.

When the family’s 75 year lease of the grounds expired, the site became a nursing home. During the next 60years the buildings and structures weregradually removed and the gardensbecame overgrown. Salvation came in the form of the Plantation GardenPreservation Trust, set up in 1980, withthe aim of preserving and reinstatingthe historic character of the gardensincluding restoring many lost features.

During the early part of the 19thcentury much of the land in the areafell within the Heigham and Unthankestates, owned by the Unthank family.

The Unthanks originally came from thevillage of Unthank in Northumberland,and appear to have ‘made good’during the 18th Century. WilliamUnthank, born 1760, was a solicitor,admitted freeman by patrimony in1780. He died in 1837. He was a verysuccessful land speculator, acquiringestate land in the Heigham Grove area around 1833 from the Rev JohnHumfrey and wife. His son, ClementWilliam Unthank (1807? -1884), wasborn at Heigham House and went onto marry Ann Muskett, the heiress ofIntwood Hall, in 1835. The move toIntwood perhaps led to the decision to sell parts of their estate in Norwich. C W Unthank appears to have spentthe rest of the 19th century graduallyselling off parcels of land either side of Unthank Road, creating the diversityof terrace housing which characterisesthe area today (there are numerousarchived land contracts available toview in the Norfolk Record Office).

An interesting part of the conservationarea is Park Lane, which was formerlyan historic lane that connected EarlhamRoad and Unthank Road. The stretchof The Avenues between Park Laneand Pembroke Road (formerly GardenRoad) was originally the beginning ofthe tree lined driveway to HeighamHouse, which was demolished in 1885.The 1885 map appears to show thatthe land between Park Lane and

The Grove. (© G. Plunkett)

The Plantation Garden in 1897.(Courtesy of the Plantation Garden PreservationTrust)


O.S. MAP 1886 HEIGHAM GROVE HISTORIC MAP



O.S. MAP 1907 HEIGHAM GROVE HISTORIC MAP




Pembroke Road to have been someform of public space or garden, and there appears to have been marketgardening activity behind PembrokeRoad – these may provide anexplanation for the various ‘garden’and ‘park’ names for the streets andthe local public houses (The Lily Langtrywas formerly called the Park Tavern.)

To the south of Unthank Road wasUnthank House, occupying a site thatis now the junction of Onley Street andDurham Street, with farm buildings200m to the south east on GloucesterStreet. The date of the house is notknown as it is now demolished, butthe Historic Environment Record statesthat it was pre-19th century. Its parkextended south to Mount Pleasant,east to Chester Street and north toYork Street.

With the development of various plotsof land to the west of the city duringthe early to mid 19th century the areabecame part of the wider area knownas the ‘New City’. Estates were dividedup gradually with plots of land sold tolocal financiers (such as localbusinessmen and professionals) whothen employed local builders. Beforedevelopment the streets werecomprehensively surveyed and thenpassed by the City Corporation

(a number of original street planssurvive in the Norfolk Record Office).Although these plans often outlinedplot sizes, building lines and servicelocation (such as sewers), builderswere able to design houses withdistinctive architectural characteristics.The diversity of architectural stylesfound within a pre-planned streetlayout is most apparent in ClarendonRoad, Bathurst Road, Neville Streetand Grosvenor Road. These streetswere developed towards the end ofthe C19th on land owned by ColonelUnthank, with the majority fallingwithin the Heigham Lodge Estate. The grounds were surveyed and thelayout for the streets was planned by Boardman Architects in 1877.

The 1884 map shows that Clarendon,Bathurst and Grosvenor Road wereknown as Grove Street. Heigham Lodgestill exists as 19-23 Unthank Road,although now much altered.

The houses were then rented annuallyto the middle and skilled ‘artisan’classes, the rents in this area generallybeing higher than in the areas ofovercrowded housing in the city’syards, or the more densely developedearly 19th housing in Pockthorpe tothe north and Peafields to the southof the city.

Unthank Road c1900. A typical suburban street at the turn of thecentury.



The area contained a number ofchurches which are notable in the development of ecclesiasticalarchitecture in Norwich.

Holy Trinity Church, between TrinityStreet and Cambridge Street, wasbuilt in 1861 and is the largestVictorian church in Norwich with acapacity for 1,000 people. In 1870 the foundation stone was also laid forthe church of St Philips on HeighamRoad with a capacity for 768 people.Following the Brooke Report in theearly 1970s the church was maderedundant and, due to a lack of analternative use, the building wasdemolished in 1975.

A Methodist chapel, designed byBoardman, was originally built on the Park Lane site in 1894 when thecongregation expanded from theirchurch in Lady Lane within the citycentre. A new, larger church was builtalongside the existing church in 1939when the remaining congregationdecided to move here. The originalchurch was refaced in the early 1960sand converted into a church hall.Also on Park Lane is the charmingSwedenborgian Chapel, built in 1899to the designs of local architect A F Scottfor the editor of the EDP and the headof the congregation, James Spiller,who lived at 30 Park Lane (see page 21).

Trinity United Reform Church was builton Unthank Road by local architect SirBernard Feilden. The building replacedthe Baptist Church by Boardman,although the original Victorian church hall survives at the rear.

The Norwich Synagogue lies withinthe conservation area at the city endof Earlham Road. There has been aHebrew congregation in Norwich since1840. The original synagogue, datingfrom 1849, was located on SynagogueStreet off Mountergate, but wasdestroyed by enemy action in 1942.The current site was first occupied in 1948, and the present synagogue,consecrated in 1969, replaced anearlier prefabricated building.

St Philips, Heigham RoadDemolished 1975. (© George Plunkett)

Former Methodist Church, Park Lane.(© Norfolk County Council)

Former Baptist Church, Unthank RoadDemolished 1954.(© George Plunkett)



The front gates were recast from theremains of the former Synagogue.

During much of the 20th century the area was relatively free of traffic.Photos taken in the early 20th centuryshow that trams were a feature ofEarlham Road up until the closure ofthe line in 1935. Tracks were also laidalong Heigham Road, but these weretaken up by 1924. A surviving tramcolumn on the corner of EarlhamRoad and West Pottergate, whichuntil recently was used as a lightingcolumn, is reputedly the lastremaining column in Norwich.

Until the postwar period both Earlham Road and Unthank Road remained relatively freeof traffic (pictured). (© Norfolk County Council)


URBAN DESIGN AND STREETSCAPE

Although the area is now quitedramatically severed from the citycentre by the inner ring road, the partof Earlham Road closest to St GilesStreet (sub area A) remains closelyconnected to the city centre in termsof the scale of buildings, the grain ofdevelopment, and the mixture of uses.

The monumental Roman CatholicCathedral is identified as a city widelandmark in the city centre conservationarea appraisal and is the largest buildingin this part of Norwich, dominatingviews into the conservation area fromthe east and the north. However, due tothe irregular topography of the area,which generally drops down towardsthe ‘Rose Valley’ to the west, and thesignificant tree coverage, the cathedralis surprisingly hidden within theconservation area itself, becoming a significant landmark only whenapproaching the city along Earlham

Road, and in glimpsed views alongUnthank Road.

At street level there are several locallandmarks, including The Temple Barpublic house at the west entrance tothe pedestrian bridge, and the smallerscale Holy Trinity Church with its tower,when approaching the area from

St Giles roundabout. In terms of activities,this part of the conservation area isalso notable as the location of the city’sSynagogue, an important focal pointfor the city’s Jewish population.

The area immediately beyond theRoman Catholic Cathedral alongEarlham Road (sub area B) was the

The conservation area lies between the city centre and large swathes of laterVictorian and early 20th century development to the west. It has a variedtownscape, ranging from the grand scale of the Roman Catholic Cathedral,dominating views into the conservation area from the east, to tightly knitbackstreets of Victorian terrace housing. Surprisingly there are also a few largedetached villas remaining within spacious grounds relatively close to the citycentre, which lends this part of the conservation area a more suburban feel.

The cathedral is only partially visible in glimpsedviews from Unthank Road.

Views into the conservation area fromUpper St Giles Street.



first part of the conservation area to be developed, and some earlierhouses retain generous gardens.

One of the gardens, known as The Plantation Garden, has beenrestored as an important open space.The area is also unusual in terms ofthe juxtaposition of older housingalongside postwar blocks of flats; theresult of earlier houses being subject tobombing in WWII and their groundsbeing redeveloped at a higher density.Further along Earlham Road, whichslopes down from the cathedral, there are a further two ‘left over’landscaped spaces known as TheDingle and The Dell. These areas make a significant contribution to thelandscape character of the area, but

remain fairly undefined areas in termsof use. Both areas would benefit fromcommunity use and enhancement.

When passing along Unthank Road(sub area C) the majority of buildingsare set back from the pavement withdriveways, curtilage walls and generouslandscaping. In many cases the largerhouses closest to the city centre havebeen converted into offices or hotels,and their front gardens converted intoparking forecourts. Boundary walls,railings and hedgerows continue todefine the division between public andprivate space, and should be preservedor reinstated where possible. Furtheralong the street some properties havereplaced hedges with tall close boardedfences, but these are quite alienating

for pedestrians, creating inactive andbland frontages. (see p32).

Unthank Road gently drops down andturns south west. As a result, eventhough the road is lined with maturetrees, there is no ‘vista’ as such, norare the Roman Catholic Cathedral orthe shops clearly visible until in closeproximity. Winchester Tower, which is a prominent, modern landmarkwhen viewed from the flatter areas tothe south and St Giles roundabout, islost fairly quickly in views alongUnthank Road and the surroundingresidential streets. The tower has thepotential to be enhanced.

To the south of Unthank Road subarea D is characterised by a muchdenser network of narrow streets and

Retaining existing walls and landscaping helps toscreen parked cars in street views.

Winchester Tower – a modern landmark adjacentto the conservation area.

Pedestrianisation of Woburn Street.


uniform rows of small terraced houses,which front almost directly onto theback of the pavement with very littlefront garden. Because the streets are very narrow, parking has been aproblem, and a scheme in the 1980screated a more pedestrian friendlyenvironment through blocking access toAmpthill Street from Unthank Road andpedestrianising a part of WoburnStreet. This area is representative ofmuch of the housing that previouslyexisted to the south east of theconservation area, now virtually alldemolished and replaced with mid 20thcentury social housing, some of which ismuch larger in scale creating quite astrong contrast in townscape. There isa particularly fine Boulton and Paul gateat the entrance to 2 Oxford Street whichis worthy of note (see introduction).

The grid of streets defined byClarendon Road, Neville Street andGrosvenor Road form sub area E. The streets are relatively wide incomparison to sub area D, and thereare numerous variations in the scale,form and materials used for terraceblocks. Clarendon and GrosvenorRoad generally have the moredecorative buildings, with frontagesset back from the road behind shallowfront gardens, boundary walls, railingsand hedges. Several surviving cast ironrailings along Clarendon Road areparticularly fine and rare examples of once common Victorian ironworkfound in Norwich cast by local firmssuch as Barnard, Bishop and Barnard.In some places boundary walls havebeen removed and frontages havebecome unsightly. Two historic

alleyways connect the area with otherstreets. The Clarendon steps link theplayspace on Bathurst Road with MillHill Road down a flight of steps withoriginal blue brick paviours and ironbollards. Henry Trevor Walk linksClarendon Road with Heigham Grove.

Crossing back over the road, EssexStreet, Trinity Street and CambridgeStreet were developed with slightlylarger and higher-status propertiesthan those found in sub area D. Thereis also more consistency in terms ofscale, materials and a continuous anduninterrupted building line than is thecase with the terraces found in subarea E. Many properties retain theirdecorative features, which vary alongthe street in identifiable blocks ofproperties. The area forms part of a


There are fine examples of late Victorian railingsalong Clarendon Road.

Public houses, such as the Rose Tavern, provideimportant local landmarks on street corners.

The spire of Holy Trinity church can be glimpsedabove roof tops from several streets.



wider network of terrace streetswhere corner shops and public housesprovide important local landmarks on street corners. Holy Trinity Churchprovides an important focal point andlandmark within the area, and its spirecan be glimpsed from surroundingstreets above rooftops, particularly to the south and north.

Further along Unthank Road, on the corner with Park Lane, is a smallestate called the Elms (sub area G).Situated on raised ground, the sitewas formerly the grounds of a largehouse, but was redeveloped as a small ‘garden suburb’ settlement with housing designed in an interwar‘cottage’ style arranged around alarge lawn with flower beds. It is quite a distinct development and verydifferent in character to the rest of the area, but only really stands out in views when approaching along Avenue Road to the west.

Sub area H is formed by mostly mediumsized terrace houses with single ordouble height bay windows. Thetopography changes quite dramatically,and there is quite a drop in gradientbetween sub area E, Mill Hill Road andPark Lane. The area has been extendedin this location to include a number oflate 19th century terrace houses withintact features, and two local landmarks:

the former Swedenborgian Church andSt Peter’s Park Lane Methodist Chapel.St Peter’s provides a very prominentlandmark at the junction of four streets.

The development further along ParkLane, West Parade, Mill Hill Road (subarea I) Earlham Road and Heigham Roadis an area predominantly characterisedby medium sized houses set within fairlytight plots with high hedges, railingsand walls defining boundaries. In partsthese strongly defined edges have beeneither eroded through the removal of the boundary treatment and hardsurfacing, or overemphasised with the erection of high fences. However,some properties have also sensitivelyconverted front gardens into parkingspace with reinstated boundary wall,railings and landscaping.

Towards the western end of EarlhamRoad the interwar pub style of theMitre public house and the gothickfrontage of Curfew Lodge (see page20) are distinctive buildings thatpunctuate the predominant white and red brick housing.

The building at the corner of WestPottergate and Earlham Road has a feature slate turret and is also quite a distinctive landmark whenapproaching from the west, helping to mark the junction with HeighamRoad. Interestingly, the last remainingtram column in Norwich remains onthe corner, although it is uncertainwhether the column is in its originalposition or relocated when convertedto a lighting column.

St Peter’s Methodist Chapel is an importantlandmark at the junction of five streets.

The corner of West Pottergate and EarlhamRoad, with surviving tram column to left.


URBAN DESIGN AND STREETSCAPE MAP



ARCHITECTURAL CHARACTER

The oldest building in the conservationarea is the Temple Bar public house,dating from the 17th century (1). Ithas characteristics typical of its date,including flint walls and a Norwich‘lucam’ – the local term for anoversized dormer window. Furtheralong Earlham Road the Black HorsePublic House (2) is a surviving inn thatdates from 1794 and is typically redbrick, smut pantiled roof and has wellproportioned 8 pane sash windows.

Further along on the right hand side isCurfew Lodge (129 Earlham Road) (3),built in an early 19th century gothickstyle with a castellated parapet,casement windows, gothic tracerywindows and drip moulds. The formerSt Andrews Rectory, 82 Unthank Road(4) is designed in a Venetian gothicstyle, with polychromatic red and whitebrick detailing around pointed windows(unfortunately now painted over).Adelaide Villa (5) on Park Lane is amixture of tudor and gothic influences,and contains an interesting ‘cosseyware’tablet dating the building to 1861.

The house is red brick with polychromaticpointed windows in the side gable,and square tudor style windows withwhite brick surrounds and drip mouldson the façade facing the street.

The most important building in the conservation area is the ‘EarlyEnglish’ style Roman CatholicCathedral of St John the Baptist (6)on the corner of Earlham Road andUnthank Road. It is a heritage asset

of outstanding national importanceand consequently listed grade I.

The cathedral was constructed over along period from 1882-1910, originallyto the designs of George Gilbert ScottJnr, but later by his brother John OldridScott following the former’s prematuredeath in 1897. The nave is by the olderbrother, the chancel designed by bothbrothers. The church is faced in Ashlarwith Beer Stone to the nave and

The area contains a number of architecturally distinctive detached buildingsand there is a particularly good representation of ecclesiastical architecture,however the majority of the area is characterised by Victorian suburbanterraces, which although architecturally fairly undistinguished, have pleasingscale, proportions and materials.

Temple Bar (1), Earlham Road. Curfew Lodge, Earlham Road (3).



Ancaster and Clipsham to the remainder.The stained glass is by Hardman &Powell. Adjacent to the cathedral is theCathedral House (7), also by J.O. Scott.To celebrate the 100th anniversary of the consecration a new visitor centrehas been built to the south west.

There are also numerous smallerreligious premises of architectural andhistoric note. Holy Trinity Church (8)between Trinity Street and Essex Streetwas built in 1859-61 and is listed GradeII. It was designed by the architectWilliam Smith in the ‘strong, ‘muscular’High Victorian Gothic style of the day’(Pevsner) and is constructed in flint withstone dressing. The SwedenborgianChapel (9) on Park Lane is a charminglittle church designed by A F Scott in1899, which although very modest in its architectural pretensions, has a scale and appearance which isharmonious with the red brick of the opposing terrace houses.

Also along Park Lane is St PetersMethodist Church (10) by local architectCecil Yelf, dating from 1939. In contrastto the Swedenborgian chapel thebuilding’s monumental scale and buffbrick dominates the surroundingstreets. A more architecturallyaccomplished building is Trinity Church (11) on Unthank Road (1954-6)by local architect Bernard Feilden,

one of the few postwar buildings in Norwich to be listed grade II.

On Earlham Road the city’s synagogue(12) was completed in 1969, designedby local architects Wearing Hastings & Rossi with stained glass by PaulJefferies of local firm G. King & Sons.

A number of large residentialproperties were built in the areaduring the early to mid 19thcentury.

These earlier houses had classicalproportions and were double-fronted,appearing Georgian in style. Thepredominant materials were white brick,which was increasingly fashionableduring the early to mid 19th century(15,16). A number of the houses areGrade II listed. 19-23 Unthank Road

(13), formerly a nursing home, hasbeen extensively altered, howeverunderneath later additions it is possible to recognise a classicallyproportioned 18th century three storeybuilding. There are also two interestingearly 19th century houses (14) at therear of the Swedenborgian Chapel on Park Lane, which predate thesurrounding development. These have a stucco finish and elaborate‘reeded’ timber doorcases, featureswhich are commonly found in early19th century houses.

As the 19th century progresseddevelopment pressure created by theburgeoning Victorian middle class ledto larger houses being developed onmuch smaller plots. Many were builteither as semi-detached houses orterraces. Examples can be found

Former Swedenborgian Church, Park Lane (9) Trinity Church, Unthank Road (11)


14. 15. 16.

17. 18. 5.

19. 20. 21.

HEIGHAM GROVE HOUSES


22. 23. 24.

25. 26. 27.

28. 29. 30.

HEIGHAM GROVE TERRACES



along Unthank Road (25) and furtheralong Earlham Road, Unthank Road,Mill Hill Road, West Parade (17) andPark Lane (18). In some cases divisionsbetween houses were marked outusing brick quoins, imitating classicaldetailing (27). Perhaps the mostimpressive terrace of large houses is1-7 Chester Place (28) designed bylocal architect Boardman in 1869. It has simple detailing, but is very well proportioned.

The majority of houses in theconservation area are asymmetricalsmall to medium sized terraces.Individually the houses have relativelysimple facades, but when viewedtogether the houses provide aharmonious grouping, with a strongsense of rhythm in the repetitivearrangement of proportionedwindows and the regular placementof chimney stacks at high level.Houses built by different localbuilders also adopt various ‘patternbook’ designs and decorativefeatures, breaking streets upfurther into identifiable smallerblocks of terraces, giving the areaa pleasing variety of decorativestyles in terms of detailing.

During the 19th century thedevelopment process involved dividingup parcels of land into plots and thenselling these to businessman and

builders who leased them on longterm leases, commonly 99 years. The houses were then built and let to occupiers on yearly rents. Outrighthomeownership by occupiers wasrelatively unusual. This resulted in streets planned on a formal gridstructure (usually based on former fieldboundaries and tracks) with commonbuilding lines, within which groups ofhouses were designed with differingdetails depending on who financedand built the plot. The clusters ofhouses also had associated namessuch as ‘Claremont Terrace 1879’ onClarendon Road. There are also somehouses on different streets (eg TrinityStreet and Cambridge Street) whichshare common characteristics and are most likely developed by the same financer and/or builder.

Some of the earliest houses (andhouses that date to the end of thecentury) were built in red brick, forexample Grove Place 33-39 (odd)Earlham Road (23) which date from1827. By the mid 19th century thearrival of the railways led to the easy transportation of materials, and white bricks from the Costesseyand Somerleyton brickworks (knownas ‘cossey whites’) began to befashionable for most housing, imitatingthe early use of expensive gault whitebrick on important buildings such asHolkham Hall. Cheaper Norfolk reds

continued to be used for the sides andrear. The railway also led to Welsh slatebecoming fashionable during the mid 19th century, although there is a mix of both slate and clay pantilesthroughout the conservation area.

In terms of elevations, the terraces thatdate from the early to mid 19th centuryto the south of Unthank Road mostly hadquite plain elevations, with minimaldecoration usually applied aroundfront doors (24 & 25). Towards the mid19th century there was also a fashionfor incorporating reconstituted stonesurrounds to emphasise windows, as canbe seen on Trinity Street (26) and EarlhamRoad (27). Many of the houses datingfrom the early to mid 19th century alsoincorporated very fine gauged (closelypointed) brickwork above windows, adetail Norwich is particularly noted for (28).

During the early to mid 19th centurywindows remained similar to ‘Georgian’6x6 sashes, for example Grade II listedGrove Place (33-39 odd EarlhamRoad) (23) and (14, 15, 22-25). Afterc1850 better glass technology andchanges in style led to the typicalVictorian 2x2 sash windows (16, 18, 26& 27), and with subsequent innovationslarge central panes with sidelights(28). By the 1880’s some windowpanes were very large indeed, forexample on Cambridge Street (29).Large window panes also resulted in


Frances Court Earlham Road (32).


the need for window ‘horns’ – smallstrips of wood either side of the frame.These can be used to tell the differencebetween early and late 19th centurywindows, as towards the end of the19th century fashion again revertedback to the upper sash being designedwith smaller panes (20 & 30).

Mid to late 19th century houses usedincreasingly decorative brickwork ratherthan timber or stone as brick companiesbegan to manufacture more ‘specials’.Porches were more often formed out ofdecorative brickwork rather than joinery(29). Towards the end of the century thefashion for the ‘Queen Anne’ style led toa revival in the use of red brick. Arts &crafts features, such as mock timberframing, also began to be introduced(30). Applied decoration became moreornate, with emphasis given to bay

windows, and recessed porches withincreasingly elaborate front doors andstained glass windows, combined withhighly decorative tiling. Examples can befound on Clarendon Road and ParkLane. Ironwork also became far moredecorative, and a number of very goodlate 19th century railings survive inClarendon Road and Bathurst Road.The end of the 19th century was a particularly eclectic period withhouses mixing a variety of styles and materials (20, 30).

By 1900 the area had been almost fullydeveloped, and during the early to mid20th century there was relatively littlechange. During the interwar periodbuildings harked back to vernacularcottage designs using traditionallooking materials such as whitewashedrendered elevations, plain ‘pin’ tiles and

casement windows with horizontalrather than vertical emphasis. ‘TheCottage’ on Chester Place (21) andThe Elms on Unthank Road (31) areinteresting examples. At the same timesome design elements associated withthe modern movement were alsoadopted, for example Crittal metalwindows. Frances Court, 73-75Earlham Road (32) is an interestingblock of flats rendered with red brickdetailing, Crittal windows and a largeexternal chimney stack as a feature.

Only small areas of housing were built following the war, mostly on the north side of Earlham Road andsome infill houses along terracedstreets. The Heigham Grove flats aredesigned with flat roofs and curvedbalconies quite ‘modern’ and ‘artdeco’ in style (33).

The Elms, Unthank Road (31). 117-137 Heigham Grove (33).


HISTORIC BUILDINGS MAP



ARCHITECTURAL DETAIL


NATURAL CHARACTER

The part of the conservation area closest to thecity has inherited a rich and verdant landscapewhich survives from the earlier developments oflarger houses in spacious grounds, lending thispart of the conservation area a suburban feel. Of particular note is the Plantation Garden, agarden set in a former quarry that now providesan interesting secluded area away from thehubbub of the city centre close by.

Earlham Road and Unthank Road are both attractive tree-lined routesleading out of the city. The majority of houses built along these roads, as well as along Mill Hill Road, WestParade and Park Lane in the northpart of the conservation area, havegenerous front gardens with maturetrees dating back to the 19th century.Although some of the front gardenshave now become parking courts,especially when former houses havebeen converted to commercial uses,the existing trees remain importantlandscaping features and should beretained. Hedgerows, low gardenwalls and railings contribute toattractive street views, and their

replacement with close boardedfencing along some parts of both roads has had a detrimentalimpact on the character of the area,particularly on the stretch close to Park Lane junction.

One former resident’s garden ofparticular note is The PlantationGarden, originally designed for HenryTrevor in the mid to late 19th century(see p9). The garden is a Grade IIlisted park and garden and ispreserved and maintained by thePlantation Garden Preservation Trust.The location of the garden within aformer quarry provides a particularlyattractive ‘sunken garden’ setting.

Serpentine paths lead to the bottomof the quarry where there are flowerbeds and ornamental featuresconstructed out of reclaimed buildingmaterials. At the south end overlookingthe garden is a large ‘Italian wall’, aretaining wall of flint and brick debriswith steps. The park is surrounded bya dense thicket of matures trees andshrubberies adding to the feeling ofseclusion and intimacy.

Further along Earlham Road are twoimportant landscaped areas ‘TheDingle’ and ‘The Dell’. Although both areas include mature trees,landscaping at ground level is less well-defined, and there is an

The Plantation Garden


NATURAL CHARACTER

opportunity to bring both areas into better use with appropriatecommunity engagement.

The south west parts of theconservation area have been moredensely developed and terraces arecloser to the back of the pavement.There is less tree planting, but severalhedges have been retained and manyhouses have attractive front gardens.

These make an important contributionto the overall character andappearance of the conservation area and should be maintained and reinstated where possible. The grounds of Holy Trinity Church provide an attractive section oflandscaping between Essex Street and Trinity Street.

Along Unthank Road lies the unusual development of The Elms a sheltered housing scheme for theformer employees of chocolate makerMackintosh, who formerly had afactory in Norwich and were knownfor the care of their eimployees. The development is designed withcottage-style houses around a largelawn, with attractive landscapingaround the perimeter and well-maintained flower beds. The wholesite is raised up on an embanked siteabove Unthank Road and Park Lane,with the result that there is again agood sense of seclusion within thedevelopment, but very few views intothe area from surrounding streets.

The Elms


NATURAL CHARACTER MAP



MANAGEMENT AND ENHANCEMENT

No. Location Issue Action Term Responsibility

1

The city council has a duty to enhancethe character and appearance of theconservation area where possible. Thefollowing table highlights opportunitiesto improve the management of theconservation area and to carry outenhancement. Inclusion on the list is not a commitment by the council to undertake the work and furtherwork will be required to establish thefeasibility of these proposals. Eachopportunity has been identified as a short, medium or long term goalreflecting its cost and complexity.

Enhancement of the conservation areaalso depends on the care that individualowners take with the maintenance and repair of their properties andthat consideration is given to preservingand enhancing the conservation areawhen carrying out alterations. The listtherefore also identifies opportunitiesfor private owners.

After five years the appraisal will bereviewed to see whether the characterand appearance of the conservationarea has been successfully enhancedand to assess whether newopportunities are available.

(S) Short termStraightforward enhancementproposals, which should berelatively easy to achieve or are included in existing workprogrammes

(M)Medium termInvolves some expenditure and/or complexity

(L) Long term Complex proposals involving larger financial commitments

Various(example 58Earlham Road)

Cleaning ofbrickwork – the areacontains a numberof ‘white brick’buildings where thebrick has changed toa silvery grey colourdue to pollution.Sandblasting, whichis a very abrasivemethod of cleaning,has irreversiblydamaged the surfaceof the brickwork,affecting porosity.

Owners should seek advice onappropriate methodsof cleaning from theConservation andDesign section.Alternative methods of cleaning tosandblasting should be used.

S-L Privateowners/occupiers



2

3

4

Various(example 33& 35 EarlhamRoad)

Various

Various,particularlyparts ofEarlham andUnthankRoads

Alterations to windowsand doors whichintroduce differentstyles which (even ifthese are attractive inthemselves) disrupt the visual harmony of traditional terraceswithin street views.

Installation of satellitedishes in very visiblelocations on frontelevations

High fences borderingroads obscurelandscaping and create a less attractiveenvironment forpedestrians.

Care should be taken torepeat existing details asclosely as possible – ifreplacing old alterations,the easiest option is to copy neighbouringproperties which formpart of ‘the harmoniousgrouping’. Variousalterations will becovered by article 4 (2)directions.

Planning permission isnormally required forthe erection of satellitedishes in conservationareas. Satellite dishesshould be located inpositions where they areleast visually intrusivewithin the street views,such as the area aroundthe ridge/chimney stack.

Controlled throughdevelopmentmanagement.

S-L

S-L

S-L

Property ownersUrban design andconservationsection;Developmentmanagement

DevelopmentManagement

Building ownersDevelopmentmanagement


PAGE 33 // CONSERVATION AREA APPRAISAL // SEWELL



5

6

7

The DingleEarlham Road

The DellEarlham Road

Sub stationadjacent toBlack HorsePH, EarlhamRoad

Grounds of formerhouse sincedemolished. Area has been prone toantisocial behaviour.

Former quarry andgrounds of HeighamGrove House (seepage 28) which hasnow become informalpublic space.

Untidy area whichappears to suffer fromlack of maintenancefrom owner

Need to ensure regular maintenanceprogramme is in placeand that area is secure.Long term managementprogramme should beconsidered in liaisonwith local community.

Need to ensure regular maintenanceprogramme is in placeand that area is secure.Long term managementprogramme should beconsidered in liaisonwith local community.

Discuss measures to improve visualappearance of area.

S-L

S-L

S-M

Norwich CityCouncil housingteam

Norwich CityCouncil openspaces teamand communityengagementofficer.

Owner/occupier


MANAGEMENT AND ENHANCEMENT MAP



ARTICLE 4 DIRECTION

In order to manage change in theconservation area sympatheticallyparts of the area are covered by anarticle 4 direction which removespermitted development rights forcertain types of alterations currentlypermitted for houses. The propertiesare identified on the article 4 directionmap, p36.

Note: Flats and commercial propertiesalready have these permitteddevelopment rights removed.

A strong and unifying characteristic of the Heigham Grove conservationarea is the streets of similar houses or terraces which have ‘group value’in terms of sharing commonarchitectural characteristics such assimilar windows, chimney stacks etc. that help to create a strong unifiedstreet scene. Developments in differentstreets also clearly demonstrate thechanging architectural fashions andtechnical innovations that occurredthroughout the 19th century. Smallchanges to architectural features suchas windows can, over time, harm thecharacter and appearance of an areaand it is important that measures are

taken to ensure that original featuresare retained where possible, and thatany proposed alterations do not harmthe appearance of groups of houses.

The article 4 direction removespermitted rights for:• The enlargement, improvement

or alteration to a house where itfronts the highway (for example an extension such as a porch, orextensions to the front or the sidesof a property on street corners).

• The erection, construction,improvement or alteration (includingdemolition) of a fence, gate, wall or other means of enclosure whichfront the highway.

• The painting of the exterior of ahouse where it fronts the highway if the building has not already beenpainted.

• The demolition of a chimney stack.

• The replacement of windows anddoors on front elevations and sideelevations where they front thehighway.

For further information please see:www.norwich.gov.uk/article4directions

Loss of architectural details can significantlychange the appearance of a building.


FURTHER READING“The Plantation Garden, A History and Guide” (1998) Sheila Adam“Norwich in the Nineteenth Century”(1984) Christpher Barringer et al(particular ch 4 by Stephan Muthesiuson housing).

LISTED BUILDINGSThe following buildings have beenlisted Grade II (The Roman CatholicCathedral is Grade I) either because of their architectural interest, theirhistoric interest, their close historicalassociation or because they form partof an important group.

Chester PlaceChester House and Magnolia HouseForecourt Wall, gate and gate piers to Chester house and Magnolia HouseChester LodgeForecourt Wall, gate and gate piers to Chester Lodge1-7 (Consecutive)

Earlham RoadRoman Catholic Cathedral of St Johnthe BaptistBoundary Wall of Cathedral Houseand Roman Catholic Cathedral of St John the Baptist2 & 2A, 4, 38, 50Ice House West of 21, 25-31 (odd),33-39 (odd), 41, 129

Heigham Grove12 (The Grove); 13 (Craster House),14, 19 (The Elms), 20, 10, 11 (The Cedars); 56 (St Ouen)

Unthank RoadCathedral House, Boundary Wall ofCathedral House and Roman CatholicCathderal of St John the Baptist;Trinity United Reform Church; 37 &39; 41-47 (Grove Terrace) (odd) 2 and 2A (Temple Bar public house).

REGISTERED PARKS AND GARDENSThe Plantation Garden is a Grade IIregistered historic park and garden.

LOCAL LIST The following buildings within theconservation area are included on thelocal list for their architectural and/orhistorical importance. These buildingsare valued for their contribution tothe local scene, or for local historicalassociations, but do not merit fullstatutory protection. The local list is due to be updated.

Ampthill Street3-31 (odd), 4-14 (even); 20-30 (even)

Bathurst Road1-15 (odd), 4-10 (even); 24-34 (even);

Clarendon Road2-22 (even); 46-74 (even); 3-49 (odd)

Earlham Road6, 58, 60,62, 66-124 (even), 5, 7, 43-55 (odd), 57, 57a, 59-71 (odd),79, 81-87 (odd), 93-127 (odd)

Grosvenor Road5-41 (odd), 2-40 (even)

Heigham Grove1-9 & 9a

Heigham Road1-13 (odd)

Kimberley Street1-15 (odd)

Mill Hill Road2-10a (even), 12, 14, 28, 30, 36-96(even), 1-11 (odd); 51-91 (even); 2-46 (even); 15-43 (odd)


Oxford Street2-20 (even), 26, 28

Park Lane2-18 (even); 22-36 (even); 60, 62, 1-35 (odd)

Trory Street35, 32, 9-33 (odd),

Unthank Road18-62 (even), 62a, 64, 66, 72-80(even), 3-35 (odd), 1-17 The Elms,Clubhouse

West Parade8 -28 (even), 5, 9-30 (odd)

Woburn Street10, 1-11 (odd)

West Pottergate130-136 (consecutive)

Additions to the local list

Cambridge StreetImportance: houses along the streethave many common original featuresand seen together, many withincontinuous terraces, have sharedgroup value. Of particular note is theuse of moulded brick for decoration,particularly at eaves level.

3-37 (odd). C19 terrace houses (gapbetween 19 and 21, and 33 and 35).3, 5 and 7 are three-storey withbasement and have four-storey baywindows (cutting through eaves on 5and 7), 9, 13, 17, 21, 25, 29 are two-storey with basement and have two-

storey square bays; 11, 15, 19, 23,27, 31, 35 and 37 are two-storey withbasement and have double storeysplayed bays; 33 has no bay, butpaired windows. White brick. Slate.Linear shared stacks. Decorativemoulded brick to eaves and panelsbetween ground and first floorwindows. Sash windows (all originalexcept 37) with unusual curvedcorners to upper glazing andsegmental brick flat arch with curvedcorners. Projecting brick architrave todoors with entablature. 3 has an unusualattic roof form in a ‘French chateau’style with dormer window. 5 and 7have original cast iron railings to front.

41 and 43. C19 two-storey terracehouses. White brick. Smut pantiles.Moulded bricks for eaves. Side stacks.Round segmental arch to doors withsemi-circular fanlight. Sash windows.Gauged brickwork for lintels (painted on 41).

45. Detached house. Two-storeydouble fronted with two-storey baywindows, right hand bays splayed, lefthand bays square. Plain red tiles. Sidestacks. Stone surrounds to windowsand door with decoration. Door hasside shafts with rosette detailing andswags cornice with grotesque facesand large central keystone. Brickworktile panel between ground and first floor.

49-63 (odd) (53 and 55 ‘PentrellVillas’; 57 and 59 ‘Oak Villas’). C19

terrace. Single-storey bay window to49, 51, 53 and 55. White brick. Smutpantiles (61 replacement cement tiles).Side stacks slightly of edge. Mouldedbrickwork to eaves. Red brick gaugedbrickwork lintels (Only 53 and 57retain original sash windows.)

65-75 (odd). Terrace houses. Whitebrick. Red pantiles. Shared white brickstacks. Sawtooth brick eaves detailing.Red brick gauged brick flat arches (65and 67 painted). All windowsoriginally sashes but now replacedexcept 55 which is missing centralglazing bar. 73 has later porchextension.

26-40 (even) ‘University Terrace’. C19terrace houses. White brick. Groundfloor splayed bay windows withcornice. Projecting brick architrave tofront doors with entablature. Smutpantiles. Bracket dentilled brickcornice to eaves. Gauged brick flatarches with brick keystones (36painted). Shared stacks except ends ofterrace. 28 and 30, 36 and 38, and40 have original dentilled detailing.

42 and 44 ‘Jasmine Villas’. Semi-detached houses. White brick. Smutpantiles. Side stacks. Dentilled brickeaves. Gauged brick flat arches. 44has original sash windows, 42 modernwindows.

46, 46a and 48. Terrace houses.White brick. One-storey bay with


moulded brick cornice, but only 46aremains unaltered and 46 has anuncharacteristic red tile pitch over bayand door. Replacement tiles. Sidestacks, missing on 48. Sawtootheaves. Sash windows (46 replacement).

50 and 52. Semi-detached pair ofhouses. White brick. Two-storey withtwo- storey splayed bay window.Slate. Moulded brick special eaves.Sash windows. Central windowsbordered with rusticated architravewith bracketed and egg and dartcornice. Rusticated shaft extension toeaves above. Eaves are bracketed andegg and dart moulded bricks.Rusticated brick quoins. Decorativebrick panels with trefoil patternbetween ground and first floors.Original doors and passagewayentrance with rectangular fanlightscontaining original stained glass. Sashwindows with unusual triangulatedcontaining a motif and triangulatedgauged brick lintels.

62 and 64. Pair of houses withinterrace. White brick two-storey withtwo-storey bay window. Slate roof. 62stunted stack, 64 missing. Decorativecircular stone architraves to recessedporches and passageway door, withdecorative keystone and springing points(flowers, grotesques). Moulded stonelintels with recessed panels and keystone.66-72 (even). Terrace houses. Whitebrick. Smut pantiles. Side stacks (66replaced with later red brick stack).

Gauged brickwork lintels. Circularlintel to doors. Only 70 has originalsash windows. 68 much altered.

74-76. Pair of houses within terrace.White brick. Smut pantiles. 74 hasside stack, 76 ridge stack. Gaugedbrickwork lintels with circular lintels toentrances (74 painted). Sash windows.

78, 80 and 82. Terrace houses. Whitebrick. Red pantiles. Side stacks (80and 82 combined). Mouldedbrickwork to eaves. Stone lintels withkeystone. 80 has original sashwindows. 78 and 82 replaced. 82 haslater porch extension.

Doris Road2 See Park Lane.

Earlham RoadSynagogue. 1969 by WearingHastings and Rossi. White brick.Green zinc octagonal roof. Stainedglass by Paul Jerreries of local firm GKing and Sons.Importance: unique buildingrepresenting the Jewish faith group inNorwich. The building was designedby local architects and incorporateslocal craftsmanship.

1-6 Francee Court. Flats. Early to midC20th. Render with red brickdetailing. Pantiles. Crittal windows.Large prominent feature stack to front.Importance: an interesting example ofneo-vernacular interwar development

retaining original stylistic features.The MitrePublic House. Early to mid C20thpublic house. Mock Tudor.Overhanging eaves and plain tiles.Importance: A typical interwarsuburban style of pub that hasbecome a local landmark.

Essex StreetImportance: Terrace houses and semi-detached houses retain many originalfeatures. Seen together they haveshared group value.

1. C19. Detached double fronted two-storey house. White brick (red brick tosides and rear). Slate roof. Slightly offcentre stack and side stack. Sashwindows. Gauged brick flat arches.Feature central window surround tofirst floor with bracketed flat canopy.Gauged brick circular arch above doorwith segmental circular fanlight.

3. C19. ‘Hanover House’. Detached two-storey double frontedhouse. White brick (red brick to sidesand rear). Slate roof. Side stacks. Sash windows. Guged brick flatarches. Circular arch to door withcircular fanlight.

5 and 7 ‘Highbury Villas’, 9 and 11’Essex Villas’, 13 and 15. C19 semi-detached houses. White brick (5painted). Sash windows. Slate roof.Central shared stack. Timber doorsurrounds with flat canopies and


decorative scrolled brackets. (NB:Same design as 15-21 Trinity Street).

17. Rectory for Holy Trinity Church.Two- storey with basement. Whitebrick. Slate roof and large stack withprojecting cornices. Heavy dentilledred brick cornice at eaves and adecorative tiled string course. Pairedsash windows with large panes andstone lintels (first floor lintels in linewith cornice have stone brackets). Importance: characteristic Victorianrectory designed with manydecorative architectural features.

Wall to rectory and church. C19 wall built of flints, white brick courses with stone coping andironwork to ridge. Importance: contemporary withchurch and rectory and therefore ofgroup value. (See also Trinity Street.)

19-29 (odd). C19 two-storey semi-detached houses. White brick. Slateroof (19 and 23 replacement tiles).Central stack (missing on 25). Sashwindows (replaced 29). Gauged flatbrick arches (painted 19, 25 and 29).Shared architrave to doors withentablature. Blind window above.

2 and 4 ‘Devonshire Villas’. C19 two-storey semi-detached houses. Whitebrick. Slate roof. Shared linear stack.Sash windows. Gauged brick flatarches. Timber architrave to doorswith fanlight.

6 and 8 ‘York Villas’. C19 two-storeysemi-detached houses. White brick.Slate roofs. Shared linear stack.Gauged brick flat arches. Doors havedouble segmental gauged brickarches. Sash windows.

10 and 12 ‘Trinity Place’. C19 two-storey double fronted pair of houseswithin terrace. White brick. Slateroofs. Stacks removed. Gauged brickflat arches. Segmental gauged brickwith recessed inner plaster doorsurround. Circular fanlight abovedoor. Sash windows.

14 and 16. Two-storey pair of houseswithin terrace. White brick. Slate roofs.Shared linear stack. Replacementwindows (originally sashes). Timberarchitrave to door with fanlights.

South Heigham Parochial Hall.C19 parish hall. White brick frontelevation in pseudo medieval gothic,red brick to sides and rear. Frontelevation has gothic stone windows,the centre door has a four centredarch, and all have drip moulds.Central stone rose window is aprominent feature on facade.Importance: Victorian parish hall withinteresting rose window and gothicstyle moulded brick lettering.

18 and 20. C19 two-storey semi-detached houses. White brick. Doorand ground floor windows haveunusual projecting rusticated

projecting brick surrounds to door andground floor windows. Wall band.Sash windows (replaced on 20).

22-28 (even) ‘Belgrave Terrace’.C19 terrace. Two-storey. White brick.Slate roof. Shared stacks. Sashwindows (unusual with three verticalpanes). Timber architrave to door withfanlights.

30-40 (even). C19 white brick terracehouses (30 and 36 painted). Slateroof. Sash windows (Replaced 30 and36). Paired architraves (38 and 40individual) with fanlights. Blindwindow above.

Park Lane – additional local listingsImportance: terrace houses retainmany original features and seentogether have shared group value.Park Lane and Parker Street areparticularly noteworthy for the survivalof original stained glass within doorsand fanlights.

37-59 (odd). C19 two-storey terracehouses. White brick. Slate(replacement tiles on 39-47 (odd)).Central stacks (missing 55). Single-storey splayed bay at ground floor.Sash windows. Painted stone lintels.Unusual painted stone pediment withdecoration as part of architrave withfluted moulded brick shafts.

61, 63, 65 and 1 Parker Road. C19two-storey terrace houses. White


brick. Slate. Central stacks. Single-storey splayed bay at ground floor.Painted stone lintels. Sash windows.Architrave with brick shafts andpainted stone entablature.

67-73 (odd), 2-14 (odd) Parker Road75-79 (odd). 2 Doris Road. C19 two-storey terraces. Red brick; replacementcement tiles on Park Lane. Slates onParker Road. Moulded brick eaves.Shared stacks. Two-storey splayed baywindows. Sash windows (replaced on1 Doris Road, 2, 4 and12 Parker Roadand 75, 77 Park Lane). Decorativestone to door surround. 67, 69, 71,73 and 2-14 Parker Road all retainoriginal front doors and stained glass.(69 has the date ‘1866’ although thehouses date from c1890).

St Peters Methodist Church. 1939.Buff brick with brown brick detail towindows. Designed by local architectCecil Yelf in a simple but monumental style.Importance: important communityand landmark corner building in astyle evocative of its time.

83 ‘Adelaide Villa’. 1861 Gothic style two-storey detached house. Red brick with white brick dressingand slate roof. Timber casementwindows with drip moulding, gothic polychramtic arch in southgable end. Cosseyware panel in side gable end with initials, name and date.

Importance: an unusual style ofbuilding in Norwich incorporatingsome unusual features.

85 and 87 ‘St Johns Villa’. Mid C19two-storey semi-detached house withname plaque. Red brick, pantilledroof. Sash windows.Importance: A typical building of itsperiod that still retains original feature.

Former Swedenborg Church. 1890. ByAF Scott. Red brick with stonedetailing. Gothic style windowsImportance: a good example of a lateC19 suburban church that has a scaleappropriate for the surroundingcontext. Currently under review forlisted building status.

66-80. C19 two-storey terrace houses.White brick. Slate roof. Sawtooth eaves.Side stacks (replaced with red brickstack on 68, stunted on 70 and loston 80). Single-storey square bay to 66and 72 (lost on 68 and 70). Splayedbay to 74, 76 ,78, replaced on 80.Stone lintels, Decorative circular lintelsabove door with keystone. Sash windows.80 has stone plaque ‘Melbourne Villas’.

82-88 (even). Mid to late C19 two-storey terrace; white brick; slate roof.Shared stacks. Gauged flat arches(painted 86, 88). Sash windows(replaced 82).

90 and 92. C19 ‘semi’ forming end ofterrace same design as 66-80 even).

Two-storey white brick slate projectingtwo light square bays. (90 hasreplacement windows)

Parker Road1, 2-14 see Park Lane

Trinity StreetImportance: houses have manycommon original features and seentogether have shared group value.

1. C19 house now surgery. Two-storey double fronted with two-storeysplayed bay windows. Slate roof.Dentilled string course and brickquoins. Projecting brick rectangularporch surround. Stone lintels withvermiculated keystones. Sash windows.

2a,b,c and d. C19 house now officesand flats. Two-storey double frontedwith two-storey splayed bay windows.Slate roof. Dentilled eaves and stringcourse. Brick quoins. Gaugedbrickwork surround to door which isnow blocked in. Gauged brick flatarches. Sash windows.

3-10 (consecutive). Stepped terracehouses. Two-storey. White brick (9painted). Slate roof. Off centre stacks,missing on 3, replacement red stackson 8, 9 and 10. Stone surround todoor with scrolled bracket to flatcanopy. Stone surround to sashwindows with unusual ornamental‘keystone’. Stone circular surround toeach paired rear access door with


shared blind window above. 3 hasbeen partially rebuilt and lost original entrance.

11 and 12 ‘Woodleigh Villas’. Semi-detached double fronted houses. Two-storey. White brick. Slate roof.Shared central stack. Stone lintels.Sash windows. Circular stone archwith keystone to entrance.

13 and 14. Pair semi-detachedhouses. Two-storey. White brick withbrick quoins (painted on 14). Slateroof. Separate stacks. Sash windows.Painted stone lintels. Door has circularstone arch with keystone.

15-20. Terrace (small gap between 19and 20). Two-storey. White brick (20painted). Slate roof (15, 19 and 20replacement tiles). Side stacks (sharedwhere adjoining). Sash windows(tripartite sashes to one side). Replaceon first floor of 20. Stone lintels withvermiculated keystone. Door surroundwith flat hood and scrolled brackets.

21 and 22. Pair of houses withinterrace. Two-storey. White brick (redbrick bands below eaves). Slate roofs.Side stacks. Decorative ‘fleur de lieu’style keystone to door and window lintels at ground floor level.Sash windows.

23-36 (consecutive). Terrace. Two-storey. White brick. Pantile roof.Stacks off from side. Sash windows.

Stone lintels. Circular stone door surround with keystone. 30 hasmodern porch.

Rose Valley TavernPublic House. White brick.Replacement windows. Originalcorner pub frontage, pilaster withionic brackets to fascia.Importance: retains original cornershopfront of public house and a keylocal landmark.

99-102. (consecutive). C19 terrace of two-storey double fronted houses. White brick. Smut pantiles.Rear stacks. Sash windows (101replacement windows). 99 has pentice boards and gauged brickarches. 100-102 have stone (plaster?) lintels.

103-110 (consecutive). C19 two-storey terrace houses (follow on indesign from 99-102). White brick (110 painted). Pantiles. Shared sidestacks (replaced on 107 and 108 with red brick and missing 109 and 110). Timber sash windows(replaced on 108 and 109 ground floor.)

Wall to rectory and churchC19 wall built of flints, white brick courses with stone coping and ironwork to ridge. Importance: Contemporary with church and rectory and therefore of group value.

111 and 112 ‘Aylesbury Villas’. Two-storey pair of double frontedhouses. White brick. Smut Pantiles. Side stacks. Sash windows (112 hasreplacement windows) Stone lintels. Circular stone lintel to doorwith keystone.

113 ‘Sherwood House’, 114‘Clydesdale House’. Two-storey pair of double fronted houses. Whitebrick. Slate roofs. Side stacks. Sash windows (113 has replacementswindows and 114 has an unsightly dormer)

Trory Street34. Former stables adjoining 32. Red brick. Red pantile roof. Gable fronting street with crowstepped parapet. Central stack. Later lean to timber extension to front.Importance: rare survival of ancillarystable block within this area.

Unthank Road 37a. C19 lodge to 37 and 39Unthank Road. Single-storey. RedBrick. Hipped roof with pantiles.Central stack. Sash windows.

82. Former St Johns MaddermarketRectory, now guesthouse. Detachedhouse. Red brick with white brickgothic treatment (although east andnorth elevations now painted). Importance: historical significance asformer rectory and corner landmark.


NOTES

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