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DELSA/ELSA/WD/HEA(2003)3/ANN2 OECD HEALTH WORKING PAPERS OECD Study of Cross-National Differences in the Treatment, Costs and Outcomes of Ischaemic Heart Disease Annex 2: Charts Pierre Moise, Stéphane Jacobzone and the ARD-IHD Experts Group 3
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Page 1: health working papers | oecd

DELSA/ELSA/WD/HEA(2003)3/ANN2

OECD HEALTH WORKING PAPERS

OECD Study of Cross-National Differences in the Treatment, Costs and Outcomes of Ischaemic Heart

Disease

Annex 2: Charts

Pierre Moise, Stéphane Jacobzone and the ARD-IHD Experts Group

3

Page 2: health working papers | oecd

Unclassified DELSA/ELSA/WD/HEA(2003)3/ANN2 Organisation de Coopération et de Développement Economiques Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development ___________________________________________________________________________________________

English - Or. English DIRECTORATE FOR EMPLOYMENT, LABOUR AND SOCIAL AFFAIRS EMPLOYMENT, LABOUR AND SOCIAL AFFAIRS COMMITTEE

OECD HEALTH WORKING PAPERS No. 3 OECD STUDY OF CROSS-NATIONAL DIFFERENCES IN THE TREATMENT, COSTS AND OUTCOMES OF ISCHAEMIC HEART DISEASE ANNEX 2: CHARTS

Pierre Moise, Stéphane Jacobzone and the ARD-IHD Experts Group

JEL Classification: I10, I18, I19.

Document complet disponible sur OLIS dans son format d'origine Complete document available on OLIS in its original format

DE

LSA

/EL

SA/W

D/H

EA

(2003)3/AN

N2

Unclassified

English - O

r. English

Page 3: health working papers | oecd

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2

DIRECTORATE FOR EMPLOYMENT, LABOUR AND SOCIAL AFFAIRS

HEALTH WORKING PAPERS This series is designed to make available to a wider readership health studies prepared for use within the OECD. Authorship is usually collective, but principal writers are named. The papers are generally available only in their original language – English or French – with a summary in the other. Comment on the series is welcome, and should be sent to the Directorate for Employment, Labour and Social Affairs, 2, rue André-Pascal, 75775 PARIS CEDEX 16, France.

The opinions expressed and arguments employed here are the responsibility of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect those of the OECD

Applications for permission to reproduce or translate all or part of this material should be made to:

Head of Publications Service

OECD 2, rue André-Pascal

75775 Paris, CEDEX 16 France

Copyright OECD 2003

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

Chart 32. Utilisation rates for cardiac catheterisation procedures............................................................... 5 Chart 33a. Proportion of AMI patients receiving cardiac catheterisation during the initial admission ...... 6 Chart 33b. Proportion of AMI patients receiving cardiac catheterisation during the initial admission ...... 8 Chart 34. Proportion of AMI patients receiving catheterisation during the 90-day episode of care........ 10 Chart 35. Utilisation rates for PTCA procedures ...................................................................................... 12 Chart 36a. Proportion of AMI patients receiving PTCA during the initial admission.............................. 13 Chart 36b. Proportion of AMI patients receiving PTCA during the initial admission.............................. 15 Chart 37. Proportion of AMI patients receiving PTCA during the 90-day episode of care ...................... 17 Chart 38. Proportion of PTCAs using an intracoronary stent ................................................................... 19 Chart 39a. Proportion of AMI patients receiving CABG during the initial admission ............................. 20 Chart 39b. Proportion of AMI patients receiving CABG during the initial admission............................. 22 Chart 40. Proportion of AMI patients receiving CABG within 90 days of initial admission ................... 24 Chart 41. Admission rates for angina........................................................................................................ 26 Chart 42. Proportion of angina patients receiving cardiac catheterisation during the initial admission ... 28 Chart 43. Proportion of angina patients receiving catheterisation during the 90-day episode of care ...... 30 Chart 44. Proportion of angina patients receiving PTCA during the initial admission............................. 31 Chart 45. Total number of admissions in Perth based on ICD-9 411, 413 and 411 combined with 413. . 33 Chart 46. Proportion of angina patients undergoing PTCA during the 90 day episode of care. ............... 34 Chart 47. Utilisation rates for CABG procedures ..................................................................................... 35 Chart 48. Proportion of angina patients receiving CABG during the initial admission. ........................... 36 Chart 49. Proportion of angina patients receiving CABG during the 90-day episode of care .................. 38 Chart 50a. Inhospital case fatality rates..................................................................................................... 39 Chart 50b. Inhospital case fatality rates .................................................................................................... 41 Chart 51a. 30-day case fatality rates ......................................................................................................... 43 Chart 51b. 30-day case fatality rates (TECH) ........................................................................................... 44 Chart 52a. 90-day case fatality rates ......................................................................................................... 46 Chart 52b. 90-day case fatality rates (TECH) ........................................................................................... 47 Chart 53a. One year case fatality rates ...................................................................................................... 49 See Table 20 for data sources and data characteristics.............................................................................. 49 Chart 53b. One year case fatality rates (TECH)........................................................................................ 50 Chart 54. Cumulative inhospital, 90-day and one year case fatality [Men] (TECH) ................................ 52 Chart 55. Distribution of case fatalities within one year from the initial AMI admission (TECH) .......... 54 Chart 56. Readmissions for AMI one year following initial admission for AMI (TECH) ....................... 56 Chart 57. Average length of stay for AMI patients ................................................................................... 58 Chart 58. Distribution of length of stay..................................................................................................... 59 Chart 59. Average length of stay by age and sex ...................................................................................... 60 Chart 60. Unit costs for selected acute care treatments............................................................................. 62 Chart 61. Unit costs per day for selected acute care treatments................................................................ 63 Chart 62a. Utilisation rates for CABG and number of cardiac surgery units, per 100 000 inhabitants .... 64 Chart 62b. Utilisation rates for PTCA and no. of catheterisation facilities, per 100 000 inhabitants ....... 64 Chart 63a. Utilisation rates for CABG and IHD mortality, per 100 000 inhabitants ................................ 65 Chart 63b. Utilisation rates for PTCA and IHD mortality, per 100 000 inhabitants................................. 65

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Chart 63c. Number of catheterisation laboratories and IHD mortality, per 100 000 inhabitants.............. 66 Chart 63d. Number of cardiac surgery facilities and IHD mortality, per 100 000 inhabitants ................. 66 Chart 64. Utilisation of CABG as a proportion of total revascularisation procedures .............................. 67 Chart 65. One-year case fatality rates and use of revascularisations for 90-day episode of care.............. 68 Chart 66. One-year readmission rates and use of CABG for 90-day episode of care ............................... 69

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Chart 32. Utilisation rates for cardiac catheterisation procedures Number per 100,000 inhabitants aged 40 and over

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998

Germany

Australia

Belgium

(1990-1998)

0

100

200

300

400

500

1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998

Sweden

Hungary

Norway

Spain

Italy

Canada

Ontario

Greece

Denmark

Japan

(1990-1998)

Note: The population aged 40 and over was used as the denominator. Australia, Belgium, Germany, Greece, Italy, Japan,

Norway, Spain and Sweden were able to provide rates using the 40 and over population as a denominator. For the countries that used the entire population as the denominator, we calculated the denominator as the ratio of the entire population multiplied by the ratio of the entire population to the population 40 and over.

The two charts use different scales for the number of catheterisations per 100,000 inhabitants. Greece: only includes 17 out of a possible 24 hospitals. Japan: estimated number of procedures performed during a one month period (eg. June 1997), since 1994. Sources: Responses to OECD questionnaire “Core set of indicators for ischaemic heart disease” and ARD country reports;

OECD Health Data Base 2000 (Canada, Hungary, Switzerland and the United Kingdom); “Report on Survey of Medical Care Activities in Public Health Insurance”, Shakai Iryo Shinryo Kouibetu Chosa Houkoku (Japan); Mannebach 1998 (Germany).

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Chart 33a. Proportion of AMI patients receiving cardiac catheterisation during the initial admission As a percentage of AMI admissions (Figures using event-based data)

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

40–64 65–69 70–74 75–84 85–90

1990

1993–94

1996–97

AUSTRALIA -- (Men)

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

40–64 65–69 70–74 75–84 85–90

1990

1993–94

1996–97

AUSTRALIA -- (Women)

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

40-64 65-69 70-74 75-79 80-84 85-90

1990

1993

1996

BELGIUM -- (Men)

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

40-64 65-69 70-74 75-79 80-84 85-90

1990

1993

1996

BELGIUM -- (Women)

11 9 7 52 1

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

40–64 65–69 70–74 75-79 80-84 85–90

1990

1993

1998

ITALY -- (Men)

118 6 4

1 10

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

40–64 65–69 70–74 75-79 80-84 85–90

1990

1993

1998

ITALY -- (Women)

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

40-64 65-69 70-74 75-84 85-90

1996

1999

JAPAN -- (Men)

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

40-64 65-69 70-74 75-84 85-90

1996

1999

JAPAN -- (Women)

Page 8: health working papers | oecd

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Chart 33a. (cont.) As a percentage of AMI admissions (Figures using event-based data)

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

55~59 60~64 65~69 70~74 75~79 80+

1990

1993

1996

1999

KOREA --(Men)

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

55~59 60~64 65~69 70~74 75~79 80+

1990

1993

1996

1999

KOREA -- (Women)

2 1 1 05 3 2 2 1 0<1 <1

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

40-64 65-69 70-74 75-79 80-84 85-90

1990

1992

1996

1998

NORWAY -- (Men)

2 05 3 3 1 <1<1<1<1 <1<1

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

40-64 65-69 70-74 75-79 80-84 85-90

1990

1992

1996

1998

NORWAY -- (Women)

2015

6

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

40-64 65-74 75+

1997-98

SPAIN -- (Men)

20 18

8

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

40-64 65-74 75+

1997-98

SPAIN -- (Women)

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

40–64 65-74 75+

1990

1993

1995

SWITZERLAND -- (Men)

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

40–64 65-74 75+

1990

1993

1995

SWITZERLAND -- (Women)

Note: In some countries the representativeness of the data may be limited to some hospitals and/or certain geographical areas. Source: The data for Belgium, Norway and Switzerland were provided by the TECH Research Network. Responses to OECD

questionnaire “Core set of indicators for ischaemic heart disease” and ARD country reports. See Table 20 for data sources.

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Chart 33b. Proportion of AMI patients receiving cardiac catheterisation during the initial admission As a percentage of AMI admissions (Figures using patient-based data)

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

40-64 65-69 70-74 75-79 80-84 85-90

1990

1993

1995

AUSTRALIA (Perth) -- (Men)

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

40-64 65-69 70-74 75-79 80-84 85-90

1990

1993

1995

AUSTRALIA (Perth) -- (Women)

129

6 41 1

1714

117

31

2319

1411

61

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

40-64 65-69 70-74 75-79 80-84 85-90

1990

1993

1996

1998

CANADA (Ontario) -- (Men)

128 6

3 1

1813

96

2 1

26

2016

10

41<1

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

40-64 65-69 70-74 75-79 80-84 85-90

1990

1993

1996

1998

CANADA (Ontario) -- (Women)

10 95

30<1

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

40-64 65-69 70-74 75-79 80-84 85-89

1990

1993

1996

FINLAND -- (Men)

127 6

2 1 <10

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

40-64 65-69 70-74 75-79 80-84 85-89

1990

1993

1996

FINLAND -- (Women)

19.917.6

7.8

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

40-64 65-74 >74

1998

SPAIN (Cataluña and Pais Vasco) -- (Men)

20.3

15.3

5.5

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

40-64 65-74 >74

1998

SPAIN (Cataluña and Pais Vasco) -- (Women)

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Chart 33b. (cont.) Proportion of AMI patients receiving cardiac catheterisation during the initial admission As a percentage of AMI admissions (Figures using patient-based data)

1 13 34 2 24 4 3 3<1 <1<1 <1 <1

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

40-64 65-69 70-74 75-84

1990

1993

1996

1998

UNITED KINGDOM (Oxford) -- (Men)

1 3 412 3 3 1

5 4 3 10 0 <1 <10

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

40-64 65-69 70-74 75-84

1990

1993

1996

1998

UNITED KINGDOM (Oxford) -- (Women)

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

40-64 65-69 70-74 75-79 80-84 85-90

1990

1993

1996

UNITED STATES -- (Men)

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

40-64 65-69 70-74 75-79 80-84 85-90

1990

1993

1996

UNITED STATES -- (Women)

Source: The data for Australia (Perth), Canada (Ontario), Finland and the US were provided by the TECH Research Network; .

Responses to OECD questionnaire “Core set of indicators for ischaemic heart disease” and ARD country report (Spain and UK).

See Table 20 for data sources and data characteristics.

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Chart 34. Proportion of AMI patients receiving catheterisation during the 90-day episode of care As a percentage of AMI admissions

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

40-64 65-69 70-74 75-79 80-84 85-90

1990

1993

1995

AUSTRALIA (Perth) -- (Men)

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

40-64 65-69 70-74 75-79 80-84 85-90

1990

1993

1995

AUSTRALIA (Perth) -- (Women)

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

40-64 65-69 70-74 75-79 80-84 85-90

1990

1993

1996

1998

CANADA (Ontario) -- (Men)

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

40-64 65-69 70-74 75-79 80-84 85-90

1990

1993

1996

1998

CANADA (Ontario) -- (Women)

117

1 00

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

40-64 65-69 70-74 75-79 80-84 85-89

1990

1993

1996

FINLAND -- (Men)

95

1 <10

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

40-64 65-69 70-74 75-79 80-84 85-89

1990

1993

1996

FINLAND -- (Women)

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

40-64 65-74 >74

1998

SPAIN (Cataluña and Pais Vasco) -- (Men)

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

40-64 65-74 >74

1998

SPAIN (Cataluña and Pais Vasco) -- (Women)

Page 12: health working papers | oecd

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Chart 34. (cont.) Proportion of AMI patients receiving cardiac catheterisation within 90 days of admission As a percentage of AMI admissions

3 1 14 3 2 1

1512

9

3

19

11 11

6<1

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

40-64 65-69 70-74 75-84

1990

1993

1996

1998

UNITED KINGDOM (Oxford) -- (Men)

2 2 15 5

2

10 139

2

1512

95

<1 <10

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

40-64 65-69 70-74 75-84

1990

1993

1996

1998

UNITED KINGDOM (Oxford) -- (Women)

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

40-64 65-69 70-74 75-79 80-84 85-90

1990

1993

1996

UNITED STATES -- (Men)

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

40-64 65-69 70-74 75-79 80-84 85-90

1990

1993

1996

UNITED STATES -- (Women)

Source: The data for Australia (Perth), Canada (Ontario), Finland and the US were provided by the TECH Research Network; .

Responses to OECD questionnaire “Core set of indicators for ischaemic heart disease” and ARD country reports (Spain and UK).

See Table 20 for data sources and data characteristics.

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Chart 35. Utilisation rates for PTCA procedures Number per 100,000 inhabitants aged 40 and over

0

100

200

300

400

1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998

UnitedStates

Germany

Ontario

Belgium

Australia

Norway

Canada

Denmark

(1990-1998)

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998

Switzerland

Sweden

Greece

Spain

Finland

Italy

UnitedKingdom

Hungary

(1990-1998)

Note: The population aged 40 and over was used as the denominator. Belgium, Germany, Italy, Norway, Spain and Sweden

were able to provide rates using the 40 and over population as a denominator. For the countries that used the entire population as the denominator, we calculated the denominator as the ratio of the entire population multiplied by the ratio of the entire population to the population 40 and over.

The two charts use different scales for the number of PTCA per 100,000 inhabitants. Greece: After 1996 only includes 17 out of a possible 24 hospitals. Japan: Estimated number of procedures performed during a one month period (eg., June 1997), since 1994. Sources: Responses to OECD questionnaire “Core set of indicators for ischaemic heart disease” and ARD country reports; OECD

Health Data Base 2000 (Canada, Hungary, Switzerland and the United Kingdom); “Report on Survey of Medical Care Activities in Public Health Insurance”, Shakai Iryo Shinryo Kouibetu Chosa Houkoku (Japan); Mannebach 1998 (Germany).

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Chart 36a. Proportion of AMI patients receiving PTCA during the initial admission As a percentage of AMI admissions (Figures using event-based data)

42 2 1

116 6

3 1<10

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

40–64 65–69 70–74 75–84 85–90

1990

1993–94

1996–97

AUSTRALIA -- (Men)

4 3 2 0

97 7

3<1 <1

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

40–64 65–69 70–74 75–84 85–90

1990

1993–94

1996–97

AUSTRALIA -- (Women)

4 3 2

10 8 62 2<1<1

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

40-64 65-69 70-74 75-79 80-84 85-90

1990

1993

1996

BELGIUM -- (Men)

4 2 2

96 5

2 1<1<10

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

40-64 65-69 70-74 75-79 80-84 85-90

1990

1993

1996

BELGIUM -- (Women)

86 4 3 1 1

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

40–64 65–69 70–74 75-79 80-84 85–90

1990

1993

1998

ITALY -- (Men)

7 5 4 2 1 10

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

40–64 65–69 70–74 75-79 80-84 85–90

1990

1993

1998

ITALY -- (Women)

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

40-64 65-69 70-74 75-84 85-90

1996

1999

JAPAN -- (Men)

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

40-64 65-69 70-74 75-84 85-90

1996

1999

JAPAN -- (Women)

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Chart 36a. (cont.) Proportion of AMI patients receiving PTCA during the initial admission As a percentage of AMI admissions (Figures using event-based data)

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

55~59 60~64 65~69 70~74 75~79 80+

1990

1993

1996

1999

KOREA -- (Men)

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

55~59 60~64 65~69 70~74 75~79 80+

1990

1993

1996

1999

KOREA -- (Women)

0 00 0 01 0<10

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

40-64 65-69 70-74

1990

1993

1996

NORWAY -- (Men)

0 0 0 00 0 0 0 00 0 0 0<10

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

85-90 40-64 65-69 70-74 75-79

1990

1993

1996

NORWAY -- (Women)

14

9

4

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

40-64 65-74 75+

1997-1998

SPAIN -- (Men)

117

2

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

40-64 65-74 75+

1997-1998

SPAIN -- (Women)

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

40–64 65-74 75+

1990

1993

1995

SWITZERLAND -- (Men)

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

40–64 65-74 75+

1990

1993

1995

SWITZERLAND -- (Women)

Note: In some countries the representativeness of the data may be limited to some hospitals and/or certain geographical areas. Source: The data for Belgium, Norway and Switzerland were provided by the TECH Research Network; Responses to OECD

questionnaire “Core set of indicators for ischaemic heart disease” and ARD country reports. See Table 20 for data sources and data characteristics.

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Chart 36b. Proportion of AMI patients receiving PTCA during the initial admission As a percentage of AMI admissions (Figures using patient-based data)

30 1 0 0 0

12

5 3 30 0

16

96 5

30

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

40-64 65-69 70-74 75-79 80-84 85-90

1990

1993

1995

AUSTRALIA (Perth) -- (Men)

3 41 0 0 0

13

6 51 0 0

23

15

11

42 0

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

40-64 65-69 70-74 75-79 80-84 85-90

1990

1993

1995

AUSTRALIA (Perth) -- (Women)

3 2 1 1 0

5 4 3 1

85 4 3 2 1<1 <1<1

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

40-64 65-69 70-74 75-79 80-84 85-90

1990

1993

1996

1998

CANADA (Ontario) -- (Men)

4 3 2 1 0

5 42 1 1

10

5 4 3 1 1<1 <10

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

40-64 65-69 70-74 75-79 80-84 85-90

1990

1993

1996

1998

CANADA (Ontario) -- (Women)

1 1 1 0 0 04 2 1 0 0<1

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

40-64 65-69 70-74 75-79 80-84 85-89

1990

1994

1996

FINLAND -- (Men)

1 1 0 0 0

52 1 1<1 <1<1

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

40-64 65-69 70-74 75-79 80-84 85-89

1990

1994

1996

FINLAND -- (Women)

11.57.9

3.8

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

40-64 65-74 >74

1998

SPAIN (Cataluña and Pais Vasco) -- (Men)

7.2 7.0

2.4

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

40-64 65-74 >74

1998

SPAIN (Cataluña and Pais Vasco) -- (Women)

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16

Chart 36b. (cont.) Proportion of AMI patients receiving PTCA during the initial admission As a percentage of AMI admissions (Figures using patient-based data)

0 0 0 0 0 03 1 1 1 0 0

10

5 52 1 0

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

40~64 65~69 70~74 75~79 80~84 85~90

1990

1993

1996

SWEDEN -- (Men)

0 0 0 0 0 03 1 1 0 0 0

75

3 20 0

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

40~64 65~69 70~74 75~79 80~84 85~90

1990

1993

1996

SWEDEN -- (Women)

2 14 3 2 1

4 42 1000<1 00

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

40-64 65-69 70-74 75-84

1990

1993

1996

1998

UNITED KINGDOM (Oxford) -- (Men)

12 1 2 1 1

6 62 1000 000

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

40-64 65-69 70-74 75-84

1990

1993

1996

1998

UNITED KINGDOM (Oxford) -- (Women)

21

108

53 2

23

1512

96

3

26

2118

15

10

4

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

40-64 65-69 70-74 75-79 80-84 85-90

1990

1993

1996

UNITED STATES -- (Men)

14

97

53 1

1714

118

52

20 2017

13

85

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

40-64 65-69 70-74 75-79 80-84 85-90

1990

1993

1996

UNITED STATES -- (Women)

Source: The data for Australia (Perth), Canada (Ontario), Finland, Sweden and the US were provided by the TECH Research

Network; Responses to OECD questionnaire “Core set of indicators for ischaemic heart disease” and ARD country reports (Spain and UK).

See Table 20 for data sources and data characteristics.

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17

Chart 37. Proportion of AMI patients receiving PTCA during the 90-day episode of care As a percentage of AMI admissions

3.9 4.92.0 2.4

4.9

00<1

6.7

00

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

40-64 65-69 70-74 75-79 80-84 85-90

1990

1993

1995

AUSTRALIA (Perth) -- (Men)

2.1 0.62.8

0.9 1.60 0 0 0

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

40-64 65-69 70-74 75-79 80-84 85-90

1990

1993

1995

AUSTRALIA (Perth) -- (Women)

84 3 2 1 0

117

53 1 0

16

9 76

3 1

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

40-64 65-69 70-74 75-79 80-84 85-90

1990

1993

1996

1998

CANADA (Ontario) -- (Men)

96

3 2 1 0

107 5

2 2 1

18

107

52 1

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

40-64 65-69 70-74 75-79 80-84 85-90

1990

1993

1996

1998

CANADA (Ontario) -- (Women)

32 1

84 3 1 1<1 <1

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

40-64 65-69 70-74 75-79 80-84 85-89

1990

1994

1997

FINLAND -- (Men)

0 0

3 1 0 0 0

12

52 1<1 <1 <1

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

40-64 65-69 70-74 75-79 80-84 85-89

1990

1994

1997

FINLAND -- (Women)

12.78.9

4.4

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

40-64 65-74 >74

1998

SPAIN (Cataluña and Pais Vasco) -- (Men)

8.1 8.2

2.8

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

40-64 65-74 >74

1998

SPAIN (Cataluña and Pais Vasco) -- (Women)

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18

Chart 37. (cont.) Proportion of AMI patients receiving PTCA within 90 days of initial admission As a percentage of AMI admissions

0 0 0 0 0 0

63 2 1 0 0

17

8 73 2 0

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

40~64 65~69 70~74 75~79 80~84 85~90

1990

1993

1996

SWEDEN -- (Men)

1 0 0 0 0 0

5 4 21 0 0

13

95

30 0

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

40~64 65~69 70~74 75~79 80~84 85~90

1990

1993

1996

SWEDEN -- (Women)

0 01 1

64 2 1

86

41<1 <1 <1<1

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

40-64 65-69 70-74 75-84

1990

1993

1996

1998

UNITED KINGDOM (Oxford) -- (Men)

0 1 0 02 1 0 04 4

2 1

86

2 2

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

40-64 65-69 70-74 75-84

1990

1993

1996

1998

UNITED KINGDOM (Oxford) -- (Women)

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

40-64 65-69 70-74 75-79 80-84 85-90

1990

1993

1996

UNITED STATES -- (Men)

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

40-64 65-69 70-74 75-79 80-84 85-90

1990

1993

1996

UNITED STATES -- (Women)

Source: The data for Australia (Perth), Canada (Ontario), Finland, Sweden and the US were provided by the TECH Research

Network; Responses to OECD questionnaire “Core set of indicators for ischaemic heart disease” and ARD country reports (Spain and UK).

See Table 20 for data sources and data characteristics.

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19

Chart 38. Proportion of PTCAs using an intracoronary stent Stenting as a percentage of PTCA procedures

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

Uni

ted

Sta

tes

Spa

in

Sw

eden

Japa

n

Fin

land

Gre

ece

Can

ada

Ont

ario

Nor

way

Aus

tral

ia

1994

1996

1998

As a percentage of all PTCAs

Note: Based on aggregate data. Sweden: Based on 6 hospitals. Greece: After 1996 only includes 17 out of a possible 24 hospitals. Ontario: Based on first-time PTCA. It is estimated that currently about 90% of first-time PTCAs involve the use of stents. Australia: Stents include ICD9CM 36.06 and 36.07. ICD10 codes were used beginning second half of 1998.

Data for 1998 were not available for Japan, Spain and Sweden, therefore 1997 data were used. Data for 1996 were not available for Canada (Ontario), and the US, therefore 1997 data were used. For Canada and Greece it was not possible to distinguish PTCAs without the use of a stent from PTCAs including stents.

Sources: Responses to OECD questionnaire “Core set of indicators for ischaemic heart disease” and ARD country reports;

AIHW/NHF National Cardiac Surgery and Coronary Angioplasty Registers; AIHW National Hospital Morbidity Database (Australia); the Cardiac Care Network Registry database (Ontario); Finnish Heart Association (Finland); The First Nationwide Database for Cost Analysis of Percutaneous Transluminal Coronary Angioplasty, Dr. Masao Chino, Japanese Society of Interventional Cardiology (Japan); 2000 Heart and Stroke Statistical Update, American Heart Association (United States).

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20

Chart 39a. Proportion of AMI patients receiving CABG during the initial admission As a percentage of AMI admissions (Figures using event-based data)

2 21

1 0

5 5 5

3

1

0

5

10

15

20

25

40–64 65–69 70–74 75–84 85–90

1990

1993–94

1996–97

AUSTRALIA -- (Men)

1 1 1 1 0

45 5

20

0

5

10

15

20

25

40–64 65–69 70–74 75–84 85–90

1990

1993–94

1996–97

AUSTRALIA -- (Men)

21

0

2 2 2<1<1 <1<1

0

5

10

15

20

25

40-64 65-69 70-74 75-79 80-84 85-90

1990

1993

1996

BELGIUM -- (Men)

1 1 1 0

3

1 20<1 <1

0

5

10

15

20

25

40-64 65-69 70-74 75-79 80-84 85-90

1990

1993

1996

BELGIUM -- (Women)

1 1 1<1<1<1

0

5

10

15

20

25

40–64 65–69 70–74 75-79 80-84 85–90

1990

1993

1998

ITALY -- (Men)

1 0<1<1<1 <10

5

10

15

20

25

40–64 65–69 70–74 75-79 80-84 85–90

1990

1993

1998

ITALY -- (Women)

0

5

10

15

20

25

40-64 65-69 70-74 75-84 85-90

1996

1998

JAPAN -- (Men)

0

5

10

15

20

25

40-64 65-69 70-74 75-84 85-90

1996

1998

JAPAN -- (Women)

Page 22: health working papers | oecd

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21

Chart 39a. (cont.) Proportion of AMI patients receiving CABG during the initial admission As a percentage of AMI admissions (Figures using event-based data)

0

5

10

15

20

25

55~59 60~64 65~69 70~74 75~79 80+

1990

1993

1996

1999

KOREA -- (Men)

0

5

10

15

20

25

55~59 60~64 65~69 70~74 75~79 80+

1990

1993

1996

1999

KOREA -- (Women)

0 0 0 0 0 00

5

10

15

20

25

40-64 65-69 70-74 75-79 80-84 85-90

1990

1993

1996

NORWAY -- (Men)

0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 00

5

10

15

20

25

40-64 65-69 70-74 75-79 80-84 85-90

1990

1992

1996

NORWAY -- (Women)

3 3

1

0

5

10

15

20

25

40-64 65-74 75+

1997-1998

SPAIN -- (Men)

32

1

0

5

10

15

20

25

40-64 65-74 75+

1997-1998

SPAIN -- (Women)

Note: In some countries the representativeness of the data may be limited to some hospitals and/or certain geographical areas. Source: The data for Belgium and Norway were provided by the TECH Research Network; Responses to OECD questionnaire

“Core set of indicators for ischaemic heart disease” and ARD country reports. See Table 20 for data sources and data characteristics.

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22

Chart 39b. Proportion of AMI patients receiving CABG during the initial admission As a percentage of AMI admissions (Figures using patient-based data)

2

4

21

0 0

34

3 3

0 0

43 4

2

0 00

5

10

15

20

25

40-64 65-69 70-74 75-79 80-84 85-90

1990

1993

1995

AUSTRALIA (Perth) -- (Men)

23 3

0 0 0

6

45

2

0 0

4

7

3

4

0 00

5

10

15

20

25

40-64 65-69 70-74 75-79 80-84 85-90

1990

1993

1995

AUSTRALIA (Perth) -- (Women)

1 1 12

21 1 0

23

1 1 10<1<1<1 <1

0

5

10

15

20

25

40-64 65-69 70-74 75-79 80-84 85-90

1990

1993

1996

1998

CANADA (Ontario) -- (Men)

11

0 01 1 1 1

01

2 21

0<1<1 <1 <10

5

10

15

20

25

40-64 65-69 70-74 75-79 80-84 85-90

1990

1993

1996

1998

CANADA (Ontario) -- (Women)

10 0 0 0

11

0 0 0

2 2 1

0 0<1 <1 <10

5

10

15

20

25

40-64 65-69 70-74 75-79 80-84 85-89

1990

1993

1996

FINLAND -- (Men)

10 0 0 0

1 10 0 0

22

10 0<1 <1 <1

0

5

10

15

20

25

40-64 65-69 70-74 75-79 80-84 85-89

1990

1993

1996

FINLAND -- (Women)

2.93.7

1.2

0

5

10

15

20

25

40-64 65-74 >74

1998

SPAIN (Cataluña and Pais Vasco) -- (Men)

2.9 2.5

0.7

0

5

10

15

20

25

40-64 65-74 >74

1998

SPAIN (Cataluña and Pais Vasco) -- (Women)

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23

Chart 39b. (cont.) Proportion of AMI patients receiving CABG during the initial admission As a percentage of AMI admissions (Figures using patient-based data)

0 0 0 0 0 00 1 10 0 0

1 1 1 10 0

0

5

10

15

20

25

40~64 65~69 70~74 75~79 80~84 85~90

1990

1993

1996

SWEDEN -- (Men)

0 0 0 0 0 01 0 1 0 0 00 1 1

0 0 00

5

10

15

20

25

40~64 65~69 70~74 75~79 80~84 85~90

1990

1993

1996

SWEDEN -- (Women)

0 0 01

0 00 00 0 0<1 <1 <1<1 <10

5

10

15

20

25

40-64 65-69 70-74 75-84

1990

1993

1996

1998

UNITED KINGDOM (Oxford) -- (Men)

0 0 01 1

01

00 0 <1 00 00 00

5

10

15

20

25

40-64 65-69 70-74 75-84

1990

1993

1996

1998

UNITED KINGDOM (Oxford) -- (Women)

0

5

10

15

20

25

40-64 65-69 70-74 75-79 80-84 85-90

1990

1993

1996

UNITED STATES -- (Men)

0

5

10

15

20

25

40-64 65-69 70-74 75-79 80-84 85-90

1990

1993

1996

UNITED STATES -- (Women)

Source: The data for Australia (Perth), Canada (Ontario), Finland, Sweden and the US were provided by the TECH Research

Network; Responses to OECD questionnaire “Core set of indicators for ischaemic heart disease” and ARD country reports (Spain and UK).

See Table 20 for data sources and data characteristics.

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24

Chart 40. Proportion of AMI patients receiving CABG within 90 days of initial admission As a percentage of AMI admissions

0

5

10

15

20

25

40-64 65-69 70-74 75-79 80-84 85-90

1990

1993

1995

AUSTRALIA (Perth) -- (Men)

0

5

10

15

20

25

40-64 65-69 70-74 75-79 80-84 85-90

1990

1993

1995

AUSTRALIA (Perth) -- (Women)

67

5

3

1 1

8 8 7

5

2

9 108

6

3

<1 <1

0

5

10

15

20

25

40-64 65-69 70-74 75-79 80-84 85-90

1990

1993

1996

1998

CANADA (Ontario) -- (Men)

56

3

1

6 67

4

10

6

9 8

4

1<1<1 <1

0

5

10

15

20

25

40-64 65-69 70-74 75-79 80-84 85-90

1990

1993

1996

1998

CANADA (Ontario) -- (Women)

32

2

0 0

65

3

10

89

65

10<1 <1

0

5

10

15

20

25

40-64 65-69 70-74 75-79 80-84 85-89

1990

1993

1996

FINLAND -- (Men)

2 2

1 0 0

5

43

10

7 76

3

1<1 <1 <1

0

5

10

15

20

25

40-64 65-69 70-74 75-79 80-84 85-89

1990

1993

1996

FINLAND -- (Women)

3.03.8

1.3

0

5

10

15

20

25

40-64 65-74 >74

1998

SPAIN (Cataluña and Pais Vasco) --(Men)

3.12.6

0.8

0

5

10

15

20

25

40-64 65-74 >74

1998

SPAIN (Cataluña and Pais Vasco) -- (Women)

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25

Chart 40. (cont.) Proportion of AMI patients receiving CABG within 90 days of initial admission As a percentage of AMI admissions

3 3

21

0 0

5 5

4

1

0

67

6

5

10<1

0

5

10

15

20

25

40~64 65~69 70~74 75~79 80~84 85~90

1990

1993

1996

SWEDEN -- (Men)

3 2 2

0

5 5

4

2

0

5 56

2

0<1<1 <1 <1

0

5

10

15

20

25

40~64 65~69 70~74 75~79 80~84 85~90

1990

1993

1996

SWEDEN -- (Women)

10 0

2 22

4

2

4

2 2

<1 <1<1 <1<1

0

5

10

15

20

25

40-64 65-69 70-74 75-84

1990

1993

1996

1998

UNITED KINGDOM (Oxford) -- (Men)

1 1 11

3

10

12

101

23

<1 <1

0

5

10

15

20

25

40-64 65-69 70-74 75-84

1990

1993

1996

1998

UNITED KINGDOM (Oxford) -- (Women)

0

5

10

15

20

25

40-64 65-69 70-74 75-79 80-84 85-90

1990

1993

1996

UNITED STATES -- (Men)

0

5

10

15

20

25

40-64 65-69 70-74 75-79 80-84 85-90

1990

1993

1996

UNITED STATES -- (Women)

Source: The data for Australia (Perth), Canada (Ontario), Finland, Sweden and the US were provided by the TECH Research Network; Responses to OECD questionnaire “Core set of indicators for ischaemic heart disease” and ARD country report (Spain and UK).

See Table 20 for data sources and data characteristics.

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26

Chart 41. Admission rates for angina Admissions per 100,000 population aged 40 and over

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

3500

4000

40-64 65-69 70-74 75-79 80-84 85-90

1993–94

1996–97

1998–99

AUSTRALIA -- (Men)

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

3500

4000

40-64 65-69 70-74 75-79 80-84 85-90

1993–94

1996–97

1998–99

AUSTRALIA -- (Women)

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

3500

4000

40-64 65-69 70-74 75-79 80-84 85-90 90+

1987

1990

1993

1996

CANADA -- (Men)

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

3500

4000

40-64 65-69 70-74 75-79 80-84 85-90 90+

1987

1990

1993

1996

CANADA -- (Women)

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

3500

4000

40-64 65-69 70-74 75-84 85-90

1993

1996

1998

CANADA (Ontario) -- (Men)

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

3500

4000

40-64 65-69 70-74 75-84 85-90

1993

1996

1998

CANADA (Ontario) -- (Women)

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27

Chart 41. (cont.) Admission rates for angina Admissions per 100,000 population aged 40 and over

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

3500

4000

40-64 65-69 70-74 75-79 80-84 85-89

1998

ITALY -- (Men)

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

3500

4000

40-64 65-69 70-74 75-79 80-84 85-89

1998

ITALY -- (Women)

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

3500

4000

45-54 55-64 65-69 70-74 75-79 80-84 85+

1987

1990

1993

1996

JAPAN -- (Men)

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

3500

4000

45-54 55-64 65-69 70-74 75-79 80-84 85+

1987

1990

1993

1996

JAPAN -- (Women)

Note: Only for Canada (Ontario) were figures based on patient-based admissions data. For Canada, non-fatal separations with

a length of stay less than 3 days were not accounted for. Data for Japan are based on admissions for September; data were multiplied by 12 to obtain an estimate of yearly figures.

Source: AIHW National Hospital Morbidity Database (Australia); Patient Surveys, Ministry of Health and Welfare (Japan);

Responses to OECD questionnaire “Core set of indicators for ischaemic heart disease” and ARD country reports (Canada, including Ontario, Italy).

See Table 20 for data sources and data characteristics.

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28

Chart 42. Proportion of angina patients receiving cardiac catheterisation during the initial admission As a proportion of angina admissions (Figures using event-based data)

41

68

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

40–64 65–69 70–74 75–84 85–90

1993–94

1996–97

1998–99

AUSTRALIA -- (Men)

10

30

4 4

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

40–64 65–69 70–74 75–84 85–90

1990

1993–94

1996–97

1998–99

AUSTRALIA -- (Women)

38

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

40-64 65-69 70-74 75-79 80-84 85-89

1998

ITALY -- Men

36

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

40-64 65-69 70-74 75-79 80-84 85-89

1998

ITALY -- Women

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

40-64 65-69 70-74 75-84

1996

1999

JAPAN -- Men

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

40-64 65-69 70-74 75-84

1996

1999

JAPAN -- Women

Note: Data for Japan are based on admissions to tertiary care teaching hospitals as part of the VHJ project. Source: Responses to OECD questionnaire “Core set of indicators for ischaemic heart disease” and ARD country reports. See Table 20 for data sources and data characteristics.

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29

Chart 42. (cont.) Proportion of angina patients receiving catherisation during the initial admission As a proportion of angina admissions (Figures using patient-based data)

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

40-64 65-74 75-84

1990

1993

1996

1998

AUSTRALIA (Perth) -- Men

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

40-64 65-74 75-84

1990

1993

1996

1998

AUSTRALIA (Perth) -- Women

11

41

8

13

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

40-64 65-69 70-74 75-84 85-89

1993

1996

1998

CANADA (Ontario) -- Men

8 95

8

2 <1 1

8

1

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

40-64 65-69 70-74 75-84 85-89

1993

1996

1998

CANADA (Ontario) -- Women

52 0 0 0

4

105

108

11 11

4 450 0

50 0

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

40-64 65-69 70-74 75-84 85-90

1990

1993

1996

1998

UNITED KINGDOM (Oxford) -- Men

5 52 1 0

2 3 14

1165

2 1 0

8 10

22 00

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

40-64 65-69 70-74 75-84 85-90

1990

1993

1996

1998

UNITED KINGDOM (Oxford) -- Women

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30

Chart 43. Proportion of angina patients receiving catheterisation during the 90-day episode of care As a proportion of angina admissions (Figures using patient-based data)

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

40-64 65-74 75-84

1990

1993

1996

1998

AUSTRALIA (Perth) -- Men

10

3 16

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

40-64 65-69 70-74 75-84 85-89

1993

1996

1998

CANADA (Ontario) -- Men

9

2 0 1 0

13

4 4

2530

19

13

29

34

18

11

2 0 03

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

40-64 65-69 70-74 75-84 85-90

1990

1993

1996

1998

UNITED KINGDOM (Oxford) -- Men

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

40-64 65-74 75-84

1990

1993

1996

1998

AUSTRALIA (Perth) -- Women

6

<1 1 2

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

40-64 65-69 70-74 75-84 85-89

1993

1996

1998

CANADA (Ontario) -- Women

6 5 51 0

8

2 4

28

2117

6

2831

118

30

2 1

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

40-64 65-69 70-74 75-84 85-90

1990

1993

1996

1998

UNITED KINGDOM (Oxford) -- Women

Source: Responses to OECD questionnaire “Core set of indicators for ischaemic heart disease” and ARD country reports.

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31

Chart 44. Proportion of angina patients receiving PTCA during the initial admission As a proportion of angina admissions (Figures using event-based data)

3 2 21 0

5

2

7

2

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

40–64 65–69 70–74 75–84 85–90

1993–94

1996–97

1998–99

AUSTRALIA -- (Men)

2 2 1 1 0

31

5

1

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

40–64 65–69 70–74 75–84 85–90

1993–94

1996–97

1998–99

AUSTRALIA -- (Women)

24

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

40-64 65-69 70-74 75-79 80-84 85-89

1998

ITALY -- Men

13

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

40-64 65-69 70-74 75-79 80-84 85-89

1998

ITALY -- Women

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

40-64 65-69 70-74 75-84

1996

1999

JAPAN -- Men

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

40-64 65-69 70-74 75-84

1996

1999

JAPAN -- Women

Note: Data for Japan are based on admissions to tertiary care teaching hospitals as part of the VHJ project. Source: Responses to OECD questionnaire “Core set of indicators for ischaemic heart disease” and ARD country reports. See Table 20 for data sources and data characteristics.

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32

Chart 44. (cont.) Proportion of angina patients receiving PTCA during the initial admission As a proportion of angina admissions (Figures using patient-based data)

4 43 3

1

4

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

40-64 65-74 75-84

1990

1993

1996

1998

AUSTRALIA (Perth) -- Men

3 42

532 1 1

3

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

40-64 65-74 75-84

1990

1993

1996

1998

AUSTRALIA (Perth) -- Women

42 2

1 0

53 2

0

41

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

40-64 65-69 70-74 75-84 85-89

1993

1996

1998

CANADA (Ontario) -- Men

2 2 1 13

2 2 20

63 4

2<1 <1

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

40-64 65-69 70-74 75-84 85-89

1993

1996

1998

CANADA (Ontario) -- Women

0 0 0 0 00 03

0 0

57

30

3

0

4 465

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

40-64 65-69 70-74 75-84 85-90

1990

1993

1996

1998

UNITED KINGDOM (Oxford) -- Men

0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0

4 53

1 0

31

31 0

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

40-64 65-69 70-74 75-84 85-90

1990

1993

1996

1998

UNITED KINGDOM (Oxford) -- Women

Source: Responses to OECD questionnaire “Core set of indicators for ischaemic heart disease” and ARD country reports. See Table 20 for data sources and data characteristics.

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33

Chart 45. Total number of admissions in Perth based on ICD-9 411, 413 and 411 combined with 413.

0

500

1,000

1,500

2,000

2,500

1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998

Males

Females

Admissions Angina (411 & 413)

0

200

400

600

800

1,000

1,200

1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998

Males

Females

Admissions for unstable angina (411)

0

200

400

600

800

1,000

1,200

1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998

Males

Females

Admissions for angina (413)

Note: The straight lines on each graph represent linear trendlines based on data points from 1989 to 1994. Source: Responses to OECD questionnaire “Core set of indicators for ischaemic heart disease” and ARD country reports. See Table 20 for data sources and data characteristics.

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Chart 46. Proportion of angina patients undergoing PTCA during the 90 day episode of care. As a proportion of angina admissions (Figures using patient-based data)

5 4 43

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

40-64 65-74 75-84

1990

1993

1996

1998

AUSTRALIA (Perth) -- Men

24

234 5

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

40-64 65-74 75-84

1990

1993

1996

1998

AUSTRALIA (Perth) -- Women

5

13

53

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

40-64 65-69 70-74 75-84 85-89

1993

1996

1998

CANADA (Ontario) -- Men

<12

31

5

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

40-64 65-69 70-74 75-84 85-89

1993

1996

1998

CANADA (Ontario) -- Women

20 0 0 0

3

0

16

119

0

14 14

8 7

100

6

00

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

40-64 65-69 70-74 75-84 85-90

1990

1993

1996

1998

UNITED KINGDOM (Oxford) -- Men

0 0 0 0 01 2 2 2

0

75

6

20

9 10

7

31

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

40-64 65-69 70-74 75-84 85-90

1990

1993

1996

1998

UNITED KINGDOM (Oxford) -- Women

Source: Responses to OECD questionnaire “Core set of indicators for ischaemic heart disease” and ARD country reports. See Table 20 for data sources and data characteristics.

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35

Chart 47. Utilisation rates for CABG procedures Number per 100,000 inhabitants aged 40 and over

0

50

100

150

200

250

1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999

Australia

Belgium

Germany

Finland

Canada

Canada(Ont)

(1990-1998)

0

50

100

150

200

250

1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999

Sweden

Norway

Switzerland

Hungary

Greece

Denmark

UnitedKingdom

Italy

Spain

(1990-1998)

Note: Data for the United States are not presented here since their much larger values would distort the chart display. The

levels are: 409 (1990), 416 (1991), 469 (1992), 475 (1993), 481 (1994), 538 (1995), 548 (1996), 541 (1997). The population aged 40 and over was used as the denominator. Belgium, Canada, Germany, Finland, Italy, Norway,

Spain and Sweden were able to provide rates using the 40 and over population as a denominator. For the countries that used the entire population as the denominator, we calculated the denominator as the ratio of the entire population multiplied by the ratio of the entire population to the population 40 and over.

Source: OECD Health Database 2000 (Hungary, Switzerland, the United Kingdom and the United States); Responses to OECD questionnaire “Core set of Indicators for ischaemic heart disease”.

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Chart 48. Proportion of angina patients receiving CABG during the initial admission. As a proportion of angina admissions (Figures using event-based data)

2 3 21

2 2

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40–64 65–69 70–74 75–84 85–90

1993–94

1996–97

1998–99

AUSTRALIA -- (Men)

1 2 21 1 1

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40–64 65–69 70–74 75–84 85–90

1993–94

1996–97

1998–99

AUSTRALIA -- (Women)

12

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40-64 65-69 70-74 75-79 80-84 85-89

1998

ITALY -- Men

34 5

3

01

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40-64 65-69 70-74 75-79 80-84 85-89

1998

ITALY -- Women

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40-64 65-69 70-74 75-84

1996

1999

JAPAN -- Men

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40-64 65-69 70-74 75-84

1996

1999

JAPAN -- Women

Note: Data for Japan are based on admissions to tertiary care teaching hospitals as part of the VHJ project. Source: Responses to OECD questionnaire “Core set of indicators for ischaemic heart disease” and ARD country reports. See Table 20 for data sources and data characteristics.

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Chart 48. (cont.) Proportion of angina patients receiving CABG during the initial admission As a proportion of angina admissions (Figures using patient-based data)

43

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40-64 65-74 75-84

1990

1993

1996

1998

AUSTRALIA (Perth) -- Men

12 2

43

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40-64 65-74 75-84

199000

199300

199600

199800

AUSTRALIA (Perth) -- Women

2 1 1 1 02 2

1 1

34

31

0 1

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40-64 65-69 70-74 75-84 85-89

1993

1996

1998

CANADA (Ontario) -- Men

0 01 1 11 1 1 1<1<1<1 <1 0 <1

0.0

5.0

10.0

15.0

20.0

25.0

30.0

35.0

40-64 65-69 70-74 75-84 85-89

1993

1996

1998

CANADA (Ontario) -- Women

10 0 0 0

2

10

3

0 01

02

01

0 1 0<1 00

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40-64 65-69 70-74 75-84 85-90

1990

1993

1996

1998

UNITED KINGDOM (Oxford) -- Men

20

2

0 00 0 0 0 012

0 00 0 0 0 0 00.0

5.0

10.0

15.0

20.0

25.0

30.0

35.0

40-64 65-69 70-74 75-84 85-90

1990

1993

1996

1998

UNITED KINGDOM (Oxford) -- Women

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Chart 49. Proportion of angina patients receiving CABG during the 90-day episode of care As a proportion of angina admissions

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40-64 65-74 75-84

1990

1993

1996

1998

AUSTRALIA (Perth) -- Men

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40-64 65-74 75-84

1990

1993

1996

1998

AUSTRALIA (Perth) -- Women

1 1 1

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40-64 65-69 70-74 75-84 85-89

1993

1996

1998

CANADA (Ontario) -- Men

6 6 5

20

67 7

3

6

8 8

3

0 1

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40-64 65-69 70-74 75-84 85-89

1993

1996

1998

CANADA (Ontario) -- Women

5 5

01

0 0

11

15

86

1312

5 5

1

6

2 3

0 00

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40-64 65-69 70-74 75-84 85-90

1990

1993

1996

1998

UNITED KINGDOM (Oxford) -- Men

3

0

5

0 0

42

01

0

4

10 10

23

14

3 3

0 00

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40-64 65-69 70-74 75-84 85-90

1990

1993

1996

1998

UNITED KINGDOM (Oxford) -- Women

Source: Responses to OECD questionnaire “Core set of indicators for ischaemic heart disease” and ARD country reports.

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39

Chart 50a. Inhospital case fatality rates As a percentage of AMI admissions (Figures using event-based data)

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

40–64 65-69 70-74 75-79 80-84 85+

1990-91

1993–94

1996–97

AUSTRALIA -- (Men)

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

40–64 65-69 70-74 75-79 80-84 85+

1990-91

1993–94

1996–97

AUSTRALIA -- (Women)

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

40-64 65-69 70-74 75-79 80-84 85-90

1990

1993

1996

BELGIUM -- (Men)

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

40-64 65-69 70-74 75-79 80-84 85-90

1990

1993

1996

BELGIUM -- (Women)

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

40-64 65-69 70-74 75-79 80-84 85-89

1998

ITALY -- Men

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

40-64 65-69 70-74 75-79 80-84 85-89

1998

ITALY -- Women

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40

Chart 50a. Inhospital case fatality rates (cont.) As a percentage of AMI admissions (Figures using event-based data)

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

40-64 65-69 70-74 75-79 80-84 85-90 90+

1990

1993

1996

1998

NORWAY -- (Men)

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

65-69 70-74 75-79 80-84 85-90 90+

1990

1993

1996

1998

NORWAY -- (Women)

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

45-64 65-74 75+

1997-1998

SPAIN -- (Men)

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

45-64 65-74 75+

1997-1998

SPAIN -- (Women)

Source: The data for Belgium and the UK were provided by the TECH Research Network; Responses to OECD questionnaire “Core set of indicators for ischaemic heart disease” and ARD country reports; see Table 20 for data sources and data characteristics.

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41

Chart 50b. Inhospital case fatality rates As a percentage of AMI admissions (Figures using patient-based data)

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

40-64 65-74 75-84

1990

1993

1996

AUSTRALIA (Perth) -- (Men)

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

40-64 65-74 75-84

1990

1993

1996

AUSTRALIA (Perth) -- (Women)

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

40-64 65-69 70-74 75-79 80-84 85-90

1990

1993

1996

CANADA (Ontario) -- (Men)

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

40-64 65-69 70-74 75-79 80-84 85-90

1990

1993

1996

CANADA (Ontario) -- (Women)

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

40-64 65-69 70-74 75-79 80-84 85-90

1990

1993

1996

DENMARK -- (Men)

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

40-64 65-69 70-74 75-79 80-84 85-90

1990

1993

1996

DENMARK -- (Women)

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42

Chart 50b. (cont.) Inhospital case fatality rates As a percentage of AMI admissions (Figures using patient-based data)

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

40-64 65-69 70-74 75-79 80-84 85-89

1990

1993

1996

FINLAND -- (Men)

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

40-64 65-69 70-74 75-79 80-84 85-89

1990

1993

1996

FINLAND -- (Women)

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

40-64 65-69 75-79 70-74 80-84 85-90

1990

1993

1996

SWEDEN -- (Men)

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

40-64 65-69 70-74 75-79 80-84 85-90

1990

1993

1996

SWEDEN -- (Women)

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

40-64 65-74 75+

1998

SWITZERLAND -- (Men)

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

40-64 65-74 75+

1998

SWITZERLAND -- (Women)

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

40-64 65-69 70-74 75-79 80-84 85-90

1990

1993

1996

UNITED STATES -- (Men)

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

40-64 65-69 70-74 75-79 80-84 85-90

1990

1993

1996

UNITED STATES -- (Women)

Note: Admissions with a main diagnosis of AMI (ICD-10 I21-I22) for Switzerland. Source: The data for Canada (Ontario), Denmark, Finland, Sweden and the US were provided by the TECH Research Network;

Swiss Hospital Statistics, canton of Vaud, 1998 (Switzerland); otherwise responses to OECD questionnaire “Core set of indicators for ischaemic heart disease” and ARD country reports.

See Table 20 for data sources and data characteristics.

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43

Chart 51a. 30-day case fatality rates

As a percentage of AMI admissions

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

40-64 65-74 75-84

1990

1993

1996

AUSTRALIA (Perth) -- (Men)

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

40-64 65-74 75-84

1990

1993

1996

AUSTRALIA (Perth) -- (Women)

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

40-64 65-69 70-74 75-84 85-89

1990

1993

1996

1998

UNITED KINGDOM (Oxford) -- (Men)

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

40-64 65-69 70-74 75-84 85-89

1990

1993

1996

1998

UNITED KINGDOM (Oxford) -- (Women)

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

Men Women

1990

1993

ITALY -- (For people aged 40 to 64)

Note: 28-day event for Italy. Source: MONICA - Friuli Area (Italy); responses to OECD questionnaire “Core set of indicators for ischaemic heart disease”

and ARD country reports. See Table 20 for data sources and data characteristics.

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44

Chart 51b. 30-day case fatality rates (TECH) As a percentage of AMI admissions

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

40-64 65-69 70-74 75-79 80-84 85-90

1990

1993

1996

CANADA (Ontario) -- (Men)

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

40-64 65-69 70-74 75-79 80-84 85-90

1990

1993

1996

CANADA (Ontario) -- (Women)

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

40-64 65-69 70-74 75-79 80-84 85-90

1990

1993

1996

DENMARK -- (Men)

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

40-64 65-69 70-74 75-79 80-84 85-90

1990

1993

1996

DENMARK -- (Women)

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

40-64 65-69 70-74 75-79 80-84 85-89

1990

1993

1996

FINLAND -- (Men)

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

40-64 65-69 70-74 75-79 80-84 85-89

1990

1993

1996

FINLAND -- (Women)

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45

Chart 51b. (cont.) 30-day case fatality rates (TECH) As a percentage of AMI admissions

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

40-64 65-69 70-74 75-79 80-84 85-90

1990

1993

1996

SWEDEN -- (Men)

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

40-64 65-69 70-74 75-79 80-84 85-90

1990

1993

1996

SWEDEN -- (Women)

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

40-64 65-69 70-74 75-79 80-84 85-90

1990

1993

1996

UNITED STATES -- (Men)

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

40-64 65-69 70-74 75-79 80-84 85-90

1990

1993

1996

UNITED STATES -- (Women)

Source: See Table 20 for data sources and data characteristics.

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46

Chart 52a. 90-day case fatality rates As a percentage of AMI admissions

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

40-64 65-74 75-84

1990

1993

1996

AUSTRALIA (Perth) -- (Men)

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

40-64 65-74 75-84

1990

1993

1996

AUSTRALIA (Perth) -- (Women)

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

40-64 65-69 70-74 75-84 85-89

1990

1993

1996

1998

UNITED KINGDOM (Oxford) -- (Men)

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

40-64 65-69 70-74 75-84 85-89

1990

1993

1996

1998

UNITED KINGDOM (Oxford) -- (Women)

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

Men Women

1990

1993

ITALY -- For people aged 40 to 64

Source: Responses to OECD questionnaire “Core set of indicators for ischaemic heart disease” and ARD country reports; MONICA - Friuli Area (Italy).

See Table 20 for data sources and data characteristics.

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Chart 52b. 90-day case fatality rates (TECH) As a percentage of AMI admissions

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

40-64 65-69 70-74 75-79 80-84 85-90

1990

1993

1996

CANADA (Ontario) -- (Men)

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

40-64 65-69 70-74 75-79 80-84 85-90

1990

1993

1996

CANADA (Ontario) -- (Women)

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

40-64 65-69 70-74 75-79 80-84 85-90

1990

1993

1996

DENMARK -- (Men)

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

40-64 65-69 70-74 75-79 80-84 85-90

1990

1993

1996

DENMARK -- (Women)

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

40-64 65-69 70-74 75-79 80-84 85-89

1990

1993

1996

FINLAND -- (Men)

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

40-64 65-69 70-74 75-79 80-84 85-89

1990

1993

1996

FINLAND -- (Women)

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Chart 52b. (cont.) 90-day case fatality rates (TECH) As a percentage of AMI admissions

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

40-64 65-69 75-79 70-74 80-84 85-90

1990

1993

1996

SWEDEN -- (Men)

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

40-64 65-69 70-74 75-79 80-84 85-90

1990

1993

1996

SWEDEN -- (Women)

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

40-64 65-69 70-74 75-79 80-84 85-90

1990

1993

1996

UNITED STATES -- (Men)

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

40-64 65-69 70-74 75-79 80-84 85-90

1990

1993

1996

UNITED STATES -- (Women)

Source: See Table 20 for data sources and data characteristics.

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Chart 53a. One year case fatality rates As a percentage of AMI admissions

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

40-64 65-74 75-84

1990

1993

1996

AUSTRALIA (Perth) -- (Men)

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

40-64 65-74 75-84

1990

1993

1996

AUSTRALIA (Perth) -- (Women)

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

Men Women

1990

1993

ITALY -- (For people aged 40 to 64)

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

40-64 65-69 70-74 75-84 85-89

1990

1993

1996

1998

UNITED KINGDOM (Oxford) -- (Men)

72%

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

40-64 65-69 70-74 75-84 85-89

1990

1993

1996

1998

UNITED KINGDOM (Oxford) -- (Women)

Source: Responses to OECD questionnaire “Core set of indicators for ischaemic heart disease” and ARD country reports;

MONICA - Friuli Area (Italy).

See Table 20 for data sources and data characteristics.

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Chart 53b. One year case fatality rates (TECH) As a percentage of AMI admissions

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

40-64 65-69 70-74 75-79 80-84 85-90

1990

1993

1996

CANADA (Ontario) -- (Men)

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

40-64 65-69 70-74 75-79 80-84 85-90

1990

1993

1996

CANADA (Ontario) -- (Women)

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

40-64 65-69 70-74 75-79 80-84 85-90

1990

1993

1996

DENMARK -- (Men)

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

40-64 65-69 70-74 75-79 80-84 85-90

1990

1993

1996

DENMARK -- (Women)

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

40-64 65-69 70-74 75-79 80-84 85-89

1990

1993

1996

FINLAND -- (Men)

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

40-64 65-69 70-74 75-79 80-84 85-89

1990

1993

1996

FINLAND -- (Women)

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Chart 53b. (cont.) One year case fatality rates (TECH) As a percentage of AMI admissions

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

40-64 65-69 70-74 75-79 80-84 85-90

1990

1993

1996

SWEDEN -- (Men)

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

40-64 65-69 70-74 75-79 80-84 85-90

1990

1993

1996

SWEDEN -- (Women)

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

40-64 65-69 70-74 75-79 80-84 85-90

1990

1993

1996

UNITED STATES -- (Men)

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

40-64 65-69 70-74 75-79 80-84 85-90

1990

1993

1996

UNITED STATES -- (Women)

Source: See Table 20 for data sources and data characteristics.

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Chart 54. Cumulative inhospital, 90-day and one year case fatality [Men] (TECH) As a percentage of AMI admissions (Men)

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

in hospital after 90 days after one year

Usa

Sweden

Finland

Denmark

Can (Ont)

Aus (Perth)

For people aged 40 to 64 (Men, 1995)

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

in hospital after 90 days after one year

Usa

Sweden

Finland

Denmark

Can (Ont)

Aus (Perth)

For people aged 65 to 69 (Men, 1995)

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

in hospital after 90 days after one year

Usa

Sweden

Finland

Denmark

Can (Ont)

Aus (Perth)

For people aged 70 to 74 (Men, 1995)

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

in hospital after 90 days after one year

Usa

Sweden

Finland

Denmark

Can (Ont)

Aus (Perth)

For people aged 75 to 79 (Men, 1995)

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

in hospital after 90 days after one year

Usa

Sweden

Finland

Denmark

Can (Ont)

Aus (Perth)

For people aged 80 to 84 (Men, 1995)

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Chart 54. (cont.) Cumulative inhospital, 90-day and one year case fatality [Women] (TECH) As a percentage of AMI admissions (Women)

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

in hospital after 90 days after one year

Usa

Sweden

Finland

Denmark

Can (Ont)

Aus (Perth)

For people aged 40 to 64 (Women, 1995)

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

in hospital after 90 days after one year

Usa

Sweden

Finland

Denmark

Can (Ont)

Aus (Perth)

For people aged 65 to 69 (Women, 1995)

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

in hospital after 90 days after one year

Usa

Sweden

Finland

Denmark

Can (Ont)

Aus (Perth)

For people aged 70 to 74 (Women, 1995)

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

in hospital after 90 days after one year

Usa

Sweden

Finland

Denmark

Can (Ont)

Aus (Perth)

For people aged 75 to 79 (Women, 1995)

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

in hospital after 90 days after one year

Usa

Sweden

Finland

Denmark

Can (Ont)

Aus (Perth)

For people aged 80 to 84 (Women, 1995)

Source: See Table 20 for data sources and data characteristics.

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Chart 55. Distribution of case fatalities within one year from the initial AMI admission (TECH) Inhospital, 30-day, 90-day and one year case fatality

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

Usa Swe Fin Dnk Can(Ontario)

Aus(Perth)

after a year

after 90 days

after 30 days

in hospital

Males and females aged 40 to 64 (1995)

Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

Usa Sweden Finland Denmark Canada(Ontario)

Australia(Perth)

after oneyear

after 90 days

after 30 days

in hospital

For people aged 65 to 69 (1995)

Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

Usa Sweden Finland Denmark Can(Ont)

Australia(Perth)

after a year

after 90 days

after 30 days

in hospital

For people aged 70 to 74 (1995)

Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females

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Chart 55. (cont.) Distribution of case fatalities within one year from the initial AMI admission (TECH)

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

Usa Sweden Finland Denmark Canada(Ontario)

Australia(Perth)

after a year

after 90 days

after 30 days

in hospital

For people aged 75 to 79 (1995)

Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

Usa Sweden Finland Denmark Canada(Ontario)

Australia(Perth)

after a year

after 90 days

after 30 days

in hospital

For people aged 80 to 84 (1995)

Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females

Source: See Table 20 for data sources and data characteristics.

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Chart 56. Readmissions for AMI one year following initial admission for AMI (TECH) As a percentage of AMI admissions

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

40-64 65-69 70-74 75-79 80-84 85-90

1990

1993

1996

AUSTRALIA (Perth) -- (Men)

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

40-64 65-69 70-74 75-79 80-84 85-90

1990

1993

1996

AUSTRALIA (Perth) -- (Women)

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

40-64 65-69 70-74 75-79 80-84 85-90

1990

1993

1996

CANADA (Ontario) -- (Men)

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

40-64 65-69 70-74 75-79 80-84 85-90

1990

1993

1996

CANADA (Ontario) -- (Women)

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

40-64 65-69 70-74 75-79 80-84 85-90

1990

1993

1996

DENMARK-- (Men)

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

40-64 65-69 70-74 75-79 80-84 85-90

1990

1993

1996

DENMARK-- (Women)

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Chart 56. (cont.) Readmissions for AMI one year following initial admission for AMI (TECH) As a percentage of AMI admissions

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

40-64 65-69 70-74 75-79 80-84 85-89

1990

1993

1996

FINLAND -- (Men)

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

40-64 65-69 70-74 75-79 80-84 85-89

1990

1993

1996

FINLAND -- (Women)

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

40-64 65-69 70-74 75-79 80-84 85-90

1990

1993

1996

SWEDEN -- (Men)

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

40-64 65-69 70-74 75-79 80-84 85-90

1990

1993

1996

SWEDEN -- (Women)

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

40-64 65-69 70-74 75-79 80-84 85-90

1990

1993

1996

UNITED STATES -- (Men)

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

40-64 65-69 70-74 75-79 80-84 85-90

1990

1993

1996

UNITED STATES -- (Women)

Source: See Table 20 for data sources and data characteristics.

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Chart 57. Average length of stay for AMI patients

0

5

10

15

20

25

1985 1987 1989 1991 1993 1995 1997 1999

Canada

Ontario (Canada)

Denmark

Finland

Germany

Greece

Italy

Switzerland

Number of days

0

5

10

15

20

25

1985 1987 1989 1991 1993 1995 1997 1999

Australia

Belgium

Hungary

Norway

Spain

Sweden

United Kingdom

United States

Number of days

Note: Data for Japan are available from 1996 onwards. They are not presented here since their much larger values would distort the chart. Those levels are: 32.7 (1996), 35.7 (1997), 33.7 (1998), 32.3 (1999). Data for Australia are for the fiscal years 1993-94 to 1998-99.

Source: Responses to OECD questionnaire “Core set of indicators for ischaemic heart disease” and ARD country reports

(Belgium, Canada, including Ontario, Finland, Greece, Italy, Norway). OECD Health Data base 2000 (Denmark, Germany, Hungary, Spain, Switzerland and the United Kingdom).

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Chart 58. Distribution of length of stay

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

Und King.(Oxf)

Australia Canada(Ontario)

Switzerland Italy Japan

Mean

Upperquartile(75%)

Median

Average, median and upper quartile of the length of stay(days)

Note: Australia - same day admissions are included if patient died inhospital. Japan - the figures are based on admissions to a set of tertiary care teaching hospitals (VHJ project). Switzerland - the figures are based on admissions in the canton of Vaud, 1998; transfers from another hospital, non-acute hospital patients and day cases excluded.

Source: Responses to OECD questionnaire “Core set of indicators for ischaemic heart disease” and ARD country reports. See Table 20 for data sources and data characteristics.Chart 59 (Average length of stay by age and sex).

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Chart 59. Average length of stay by age and sex

0

3

6

9

12

15

18

40–64 65–74 75+

1987

1990

1993–94

1996–97

59a. AUSTRALIA (Men)Number of days

0

3

6

9

12

15

18

40–64 65–74 75+

1987

1990

1993–94

1996–97

59b. AUSTRALIA (Women)Number of days

0

3

6

9

12

15

18

40-64 65-74 75+

1987

1990

1993

1996

59c. CANADA (Ontario) (Men)Number of days

0

3

6

9

12

15

18

40-64 65-74 75+

1987

1990

1993

1996

59d. CANADA (Ontario) (Women)Number of days

0

3

6

9

12

15

18

40-64 65-74 75+

1987

1990

1993

1996

59e. DENMARK (Men)Number of days

0

3

6

9

12

15

18

40-64 65-74 75+

1987

1990

1993

1996

59f. DENMARK (Women)Number of days

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Chart 59. (cont.) Average length of stay by age and sex

0

3

6

9

12

15

18

40-64 65-74 75+

1987

1990

1993

1996

59g. FINLAND (Men)days

0

3

6

9

12

15

18

40-64 65-74 75+

1987

1990

1993

1996

59h. FINLAND (Women)days

0

3

6

9

12

15

18

40-64 65-74 75+

1987

1990

1993

1996

59i. SWEDEN (Men)Number of days

0

3

6

9

12

15

18

40-64 65-74 75+

1987

1990

1993

1996

59j. SWEDEN (Women)Number of days

0

3

6

9

12

15

18

40-64 65-74 75+

1987

1990

1993

1996

59k. UNITED STATES (Men)Number of days

0

3

6

9

12

15

18

40-64 65-74 75+

1987

1990

1993

1996

59l. UNITED STATES (Women)Number of days

Note: Australia - excludes admissions with length of stay less than 2 days, except if patient died in hospital. or patient was transferred to another hospital and subsequently not transferred to another hospital.

Source: The data for Canada (Ontario), Denmark, Finland and the US were provided by the TECH Research Network; data for

the other countries were taken from responses to the OECD questionnaire “Core set of indicators for ischaemic heart disease” and ARD country reports.

See Table 20 for data sources and data characteristics.

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Chart 60. Unit costs for selected acute care treatments Average expenditure per selected treatment bundle as a percentage of GDP/capita

0

5

10

15

20

25

AUS BEL CAN DNK FIN GRC ITA

Uncomplicated AMI

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

AUS BEL CAN DNK FIN GRC USA

Complicated AMI with a PTCA

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

AUS BEL CAN DNK FIN GRC ITA USA

Complicated AMI without a PTCA

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

AUS BEL DNK FIN ITA JPN

AMI deceased

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

AUS BEL CAN DNK FIN GRC ITA JPN GBR USA

Elective PTCA

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

AUS BEL CAN DNK FIN GRC ITA JPN GBR USA

CABG

Note: Denmark and Finland use NORD-DRGs. The two graphs for complicated AMI, with PTCA and without PTCA, both

use the same DRG (DRG 121 - complicated AMI with no PTCA), therefore the unit cost for complicated AMI with PTCA is underestimated for both Denmark and Finland. Also, DRG 107 (CABG wihtout catheterisation) was used for Denmark and Finland. The corresponding figures for DRG 106 (CABG with catheterisation) are 71.6% for Denmark and 73.7% for Finland. Unit cost is calculated as average expenditure per selected treatment bundle as a percentage of gdp per capita for the year which data on average expenditure were available (1991 - US; 1993 - UK; 1996 - Canada; 1997 - Denmark; 1998 - Belgium, Italy; 1998-99 - Australia; 1999 - Finland, Greece, Japan).

Source: See Table 23 for the characteristics of the data sources.

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Chart 61. Unit costs per day for selected acute care treatments (Average expenditure per selected treatment bundle as a percentage of GDP/capita) divided by ALOS

0.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

2.5

3.0

3.5

AUS BEL CAN DNK GRC ITA

Uncomplicated AMI

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

AUS BEL CAN DNK GRC USA

Complicated AMI with a PTCA

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

AUS BEL CAN DNK GRC ITA USA

Complicated AMI without a PTCA

0.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

2.5

3.0

3.5

4.0

AUS BEL DNK ITA JPN

Deceased AMI

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

AUS BEL CAN DNK GRC ITA JPN GBR

Elective PTCA

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

AUS BEL CAN DNK GRC ITA JPN GBR USA

CABG

Note: See Chart 60. Average length of stay was not available for Finland nor for the US for elective PTCA. Source: See Table 23 for the characteristics of the data sources.

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Chart 62a. Utilisation rates for CABG and number of cardiac surgery units, per 100 000 inhabitants

CAN (Ont)

DNK

FINCAN

DEU

GRC

ITA

AUS

SWENOR

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

0.00 0.05 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.25 0.30 0.35 0.40Number of cardiac surgery units per 100 000 population

Num

ber

of C

AB

G p

er 1

00 0

00 p

opul

atio

n

Note: the trendline does not take the USA into account

USA

Note: Canada, Denmark, Sweden (1995); United States (1996); Italy (1997); Australia (1998). For Ontario, Finland, Greece

and Norway: CABG (1998), cardiac surgery units (2000). Refer to Chart 4 for additional notes. Source: For number of CABG per 100,000 population see Chart 47. For number of cardiac surgery units per 100,000

population see Chart 4.

Chart 62b. Utilisation rates for PTCA and no. of catheterisation facilities, per 100 000 inhabitants

USA

DNKFIN

CAN

DEU

GRC

AUS

SWE

NOR

CAN (Ont)

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

400

450

0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6

Number of facilities with cardiac catheterisation labs per 100 000 population

Num

ber

of P

TC

A p

er 1

00 0

00 p

opul

atio

n

Note: Canada, Ontario, Denmark, Sweden (1995); Germany, United States (1996); Greece (1999). For Australia, Finland and

Norway: PTCA (1998), catheterisation laboratories (2000). The figures for facilities includes all facilities able to do cardiac catheterisation due to the difficulty of separating these facilities from those additionally equipped to do PTCA. Refer to Chart 3 for additional notes.

Source: For number of PTCA per 100,000 population see Chart 35. For number of cardiac catheterisation laboratories per 100,000 population see Chart 3.

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Chart 63a. Utilisation rates for CABG and IHD mortality, per 100 000 inhabitants

DNK

FINBEL CAN DEU

GRC

ITA

AUS

ESP

SWE

UKG

NOR

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

50 100 150 200Age-standardised number of deaths due to IHD per 100 000 population

Num

ber

of C

AB

G p

er 1

00 0

00 p

opul

atio

nUSA

Note: the trendline does not take the USA into account.

Note: Belgium, Norway (1994); Australia, Spain (1995); Denmark, Finland, Sweden (1996); Canada, Germany, Greece, United Kingdom, United States (1997). For Italy: mortality (1995) and CABG (1996). Data standardised to the European population aged 40 and over.

Sources: For number of CABG per 100,000 population see Chart 47. For IHD mortality - OECD Health Database (2000).

Chart 63b. Utilisation rates for PTCA and IHD mortality, per 100 000 inhabitants

DNK

FIN

BEL

CAN

GRC

ITA

AUS

ESP

SWE

UKG

NOR

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

400

50 100 150 200Age-standardised number of deaths due to IHD per 100 000 population

Num

ber

of P

TC

A p

er 1

00 0

00 p

opul

atio

n

Note: the trendline does not take Germany and the Usa into account.

USA

DEU

Note: Belgium (1994); Australia, Spain (1995); Denmark, Finland, Sweden (1996); Canada, Germany, Greece, United Kingdom, United States (1997). For Italy: mortality (1995) and PTCA (1996); for Norway: mortality (1995) and PTCA (1998). Data standardised to the European population aged 40 and over.

Sources: For number of PTCA per 100,000 population see Chart 35. For IHD mortality - OECD Health Database (2000).

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Chart 63c. Number of catheterisation laboratories and IHD mortality, per 100 000 inhabitants

USA

DNK

FIN

CAN

DEU

GRC

AUS SWE

NOR

0.0

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.6

85 105 125 145 165 185

Standardised number of deaths due to IHD per 100 000 population

Num

ber

of c

ath.

labo

rato

ries

per

100

000

pop

ulat

ion

Note: Canada, Denmark, Sweden (1995); Germany, Japan, United States (1996); for the other countries: cath lab (2000); for Australia, Norway: mortality (1995); for Finland: mortality (1996); for Greece: mortality (1997); for Hungary: mortality (1998). Data standardised to the European population aged 40 and over.

Sources: For number of catheterisation laboratories see Chart 3. For IHD mortality - OECD Health Database (2000).

Chart 63d. Number of cardiac surgery facilities and IHD mortality, per 100 000 inhabitants

USA

DNK

FIN

JPN

CAN

DEUGRC

ITA

AUSSWE

NOR

0.0

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0 50 100 150 200

Standardised number of deaths due to IHD per 100 000 population

Num

ber

of c

ardi

ac u

nits

per

100

000

pop

ulat

ion

Note: Australia, Canada, Denmark, Finland, Sweden (1995); Japan, United States (1996); for Norway: mortality (1995) and facilities (2000); for Italy: mortality (1995) and facilities (1996); for Greece: mortality (1997) and facilities (2000); for Germany: mortality (1997) and facilities (1998). Data standardised to the European population aged 40 and over.

Sources: For number of cardiac surgery facilities see Chart 4. For IHD mortality - OECD Health Database (2000).

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Chart 64. Utilisation of CABG as a proportion of total revascularisation procedures

25

35

45

55

65

75

1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998

Belgium

Canada

Germany

Sweden

United States

25

35

45

55

65

75

1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998

Australia

Denmark

Finland

Greece

Italy

UnitedKingdom

Note: Numerator (CABG per 100 000 inhabitants). Denominator (CABG+PTCA per 100 000 inhabitants). Sources: For number of CABG per 100,000 population see Chart 47. For number of PTCA per 100,000 population see Chart 35.

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Chart 65. One-year case fatality rates and use of revascularisations for 90-day episode of care

Oxf98

Oxf90

Fin97

Fin94

Swe90

Swe97Ont92

Ont96

Perth90

Perth96

Usa90

Usa95

5

7

9

11

13

15

17

19

21

0 10 20 30 40 50 60

Men (40 to 64)

Proportion of AMI patients receiving a CABG-PTCA 90 days after admission

Prop

orti

on o

f A

MI

pati

ents

die

d on

e ye

ar a

fter

adm

issi

on

Oxf98

Oxf90

Fin97

Fin94

Swe90

Swe97

Ont92

Ont96

Perth90

Perth96

Usa90

Usa95

5

7

9

11

13

15

17

19

21

0 10 20 30 40 50 60

Women (40 to 64)

Proportion of AMI patients receiving a CABG-PTCA 90 days after admission

Prop

orti

on o

f A

MI

pati

ents

die

d on

e ye

ar a

fter

adm

issi

on

Oxf98

Oxf90

Fin97

Fin94

Swe90

Swe97Ont92Ont96

Usa90

Usa95

12

17

22

27

32

0 10 20 30 40 50

Men (65 to 69)

Proportion of AMI patients receiving a CABG-PTCA 90 days after admission

Prop

orti

on o

f A

MI

pati

ents

die

d on

e ye

ar a

fter

adm

issi

on

Oxf98

Fin97

Fin94

Swe90

Swe97

Ont92

Ont96

Usa90

Usa95

Oxf90

12

17

22

27

32

0 10 20 30 40 50

Women (65 to 69)

Proportion of AMI patients receiving a CABG-PTCA 90 days after admission

Prop

orti

on o

f A

MI

pati

ents

die

d on

e ye

ar a

fter

adm

issi

on

Usa95

Usa90

Ont96

Ont92Swe97

Swe90

Fin94

Fin97

Oxf90

Oxf98

17

22

27

32

37

42

0 10 20 30 40 50

Men (70 to 74)

Proportion of AMI patients receiving a CABG-PTCA 90 days after admission

Prop

orti

on o

f A

MI

pati

ents

die

d on

e ye

ar a

fter

adm

issi

on

Oxf95

Oxf91

Fin96Swe90

Swe97Ont92

Ont96

Usa90

Usa95

17

22

27

32

37

42

0 10 20 30 40 50

Women (70 to 74)

Proportion of AMI patients receiving a CABG-PTCA 90 days after admission

Prop

orti

on o

f A

MI

pati

ents

die

d on

e ye

ar a

fter

adm

issi

on

Fin97

Fin94

Swe90

Swe97

Ont92 Ont96

Usa90

Usa95

25

30

35

40

45

50

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40

Men (75 to 79)

Proportion of AMI patients receiving a CABG-PTCA 90 days after admission

Prop

orti

on o

f A

MI

pati

ents

die

d on

e ye

ar a

fter

adm

issi

on

Fin97

Fin95Swe90

Swe97

Ont92

Ont96

Usa90

Usa95

25

30

35

40

45

50

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40

Women (75 to 79)

Proportion of AMI patients receiving a CABG-PTCA 90 days after admission

Prop

orti

on o

f A

MI

pati

ents

die

d on

e ye

ar a

fter

adm

issi

on

Note: Australia-Perth (1990-95); Canada-Ontario (1992-96); Finland (1990-97); United States (1990 - 1995). Source: One-year case fatality - Perth (Chart 53a); Ontario, Sweden and United States (Chart 53b - TECH). CABG - See

Chart 40 (data provided by TECH). PTCA - See Chart 37 (data provided by TECH).

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Chart 66. One-year readmission rates and use of CABG for 90-day episode of care

Ont97

Usa96

Fin97Fin90

Swe90

Swe97

Ont92

Perth90

Perth95

Usa90

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

55

0 5 10 15 20 25

Men (40 to 64)

Proportion of AMI patients receiving a CABG 90 days after admission

Pro

port

ion

of A

MI

pati

ents

rea

dmit

ted

afte

r on

e ye

ar

Ont97

Usa96

Fin97Fin90

Swe90

Swe97

Ont92

Perth90

Perth95

Usa90

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

55

0 5 10 15 20 25

Women (40 to 64)

Proportion of AMI patients receiving a CABG 90 days after admission

Pro

port

ion

of A

MI

pati

ents

rea

dmit

ted

afte

r on

e ye

ar

Ont97 Usa96

Fin97

Fin90

Swe90 Swe97

Ont92

Perth90

Perth95

Usa90

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

0 5 10 15 20 25

Men (65 to 69)

Proportion of AMI patients receiving a CABG 90 days after admission

Pro

port

ion

of A

MI

pati

ents

rea

dmit

ted

afte

r on

e ye

ar

Ont97 Usa96

Fin97

Fin90

Swe90

Swe97

Ont92

Perth90

Perth95

Usa90

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

0 5 10 15 20 25

Women (65 to 69)

Proportion of AMI patients receiving a CABG 90 days after admission

Pro

port

ion

of A

MI

pati

ents

rea

dmit

ted

afte

r on

e ye

ar

Ont97Usa96

Fin97

Fin90

Swe90 Swe97

Ont92

Perth90

Perth95

Usa90

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

0 5 10 15 20 25

Men (70 to 74)

Proportion of AMI patients receiving a CABG 90 days after admission

Pro

port

ion

of A

MI

pati

ents

rea

dmit

ted

afte

r on

e ye

ar

Ont97 Usa96

Fin97

Fin90

Swe90 Swe97Ont92

Perth90

Perth95

Usa90

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

0 5 10 15 20 25

Women (70 to 74)

Proportion of AMI patients receiving a CABG 90 days after admission

Pro

port

ion

of A

MI

pati

ents

rea

dmit

ted

afte

r on

e ye

ar

Ont97

Usa96

Fin97Fin90

Swe90 Swe97

Ont92

Perth90

Perth95

Usa90

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

0 5 10 15 20

Men (75 to 79)

Proportion of AMI patients receiving a CABG 90 days after admission

Pro

port

ion

of A

MI

pati

ents

rea

dmit

ted

afte

r on

e ye

ar

Ont97

Usa96

Fin97

Swe90Swe97

Ont92

Perth90 Perth95

Usa90

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

0 5 10 15 20

Women (75 to 79)

Proportion of AMI patients receiving a CABG 90 days after admission

Pro

port

ion

of A

MI

pati

ents

rea

dmit

ted

afte

r on

e ye

ar

Note: Australia-Perth (1990-95); Canada-Ontario (1992-97); Finland (1990-97); Sweden (1990-97); United States (1990-96). Source: One-year readmission - See Table 21 - TECH. CABG - See Chart 40 (data provided by TECH).

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OTHER SERIES OF WORKING PAPERS AVAILABLE FROM THE OECD INCLUDES:

LABOUR MARKET AND SOCIAL POLICY OCCASIONAL PAPERS

This series has now been replaced by two separate series: OECD HEALTH WORKING PAPERS and OECD SOCIAL, EMPLOYMENT AND MIGRATION WORKING PAPERS, available on the OECD website.

No. 63 THE EVOLVING RETIREMENT INCOME PACKAGE: TRENDS IN ADEQUACY AND EQUALITY IN NINE OECD COUNTRIES (2002) Atsuhiro Yamada

No. 62 THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PERSONAL, FAMILY, RESOURCE AND WORK FACTORS AND MATERNAL EMPLOYMENT IN AUSTRALIA (2002) Edith Gray and Peter McDonald

No. 61 LOW FERTILITY AND LABOUR FORCE PARTICIPATION OF ITALIAN WOMEN: EVIDENCE AND INTERPRETATIONS (2002) Daniela Del Boca

No. 60 GETTING OLDER, GETTING POORER, A STUDY OF THE EARNINGS, PENSIONS, ASSETS AND LIVING ARRANGEMENTS OF OLDER PEOPLE IN NINE COUNTRIES (2002) Bernard Casey and Atsuhiro Yamada

No. 59 POSTPONEMENT OF MATERNITY AND THE DURATION OF TIME SPENT AT HOME AFTER FIRST BIRTH: PANEL DATA ANALYSES COMPARING GERMANY, GREAT BRITAIN, THE NETHERLANDS AND SWEDEN (2002) Siv S. Gustafsson, Eiko Kenjoh and Cécile M.M.P. Wetzels

No. 58 SOCIAL ASSISTANCE IN GERMANY (2003) Willem Adema, Donald Gray and Sigrun Kahl

No. 57 IMPROVING THE PERFORMANCE OF HEALTH CARE SYSTEMS: FROM MEASURES TO ACTION (2001) Zynep Or

No. 56 AN ASSESSMENT OF THE PERFORMANCE OF THE JAPANESE HEALTH CARE SYSTEM (2001) Hyoung-Sun Jeong and Jeremy Hurst

No. 55 PUBLIC SUPPORT FOR RETIREMENT INCOME REFORM (2001) Peter Hicks

No. 54 PENSION REFORM IN THE SLOVAK REPUBLIC – BACKGROUND AND OPTIONS: CAN LESSONS BE DRAWN FROM OTHER TRANSITION COUNTRIES? (2001) Agnieszka Chlon, Marek Góra, Martina Lubyova, Lawrence H. Thompson

No. 53 TOWARDS MORE CHOICE IN SOCIAL PROTECTION? INDIVIDUAL CHOICE OF INSURER IN BASIC MANDATORY HEALTH INSURANCE IN SWITZERLAND (2001) Francesca Colombo

Recent available working papers can be found on the OECD website: www.oecd.org.

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71

RECENT RELATED OECD PUBLICATIONS:

SOCIETY AT A GLANCE (2002)

TOWARDS ASIA’S SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT – The Role of Social Protection(2002)

MEASURING UP: IMPROVING HEALTH SYSTEMS PERFORMANCE IN OECD COUNTRIES (2002)

BENEFITS AND WAGES – OECD Indicators (2002)

KNOWLEDGE AND SKILLS FOR LIFE: First Results from PISA 2000 (2001)

AGEING AND INCOME: Financial Resources and Retirement in 9 OECD Countries (2001)

HEALTH AT A GLANCE (2001)

SOCIETY AT A GLANCE: OECD Social Indicators (2001)

INNOVATIONS IN LABOUR MARKET POLICIES: The Australian Way (2001)

OECD EMPLOYMENT OUTLOOK July 2002 (published annually)

LABOUR MARKET POLICIES AND THE PUBLIC EMPLOYMENT SERVICE (Prague Conference) (2001)

TRENDS IN INTERNATIONAL MIGRATION: SOPEMI 2000 Edition (2001)

OECD HEALTH DATA (2002) available in English, French, Spanish and German on CD-ROM (Windows 95, 98, 2000, NT or Me)

REFORMS FOR AN AGEING SOCIETY (2000)

PUSHING AHEAD WITH REFORM IN KOREA: Labour Market And Social Safety-Net Policies (2000)

A SYSTEM OF HEALTH ACCOUNTS (2000)

OECD ECONOMIC STUDIES No. 31, 2000/2 (Special issue on “Making Work Pay”) (2000)

POLICIES TOWARDS FULL EMPLOYMENT (OECD Proceedings) (2000)

LABOUR MIGRATION AND THE RECENT FINANCIAL CRISIS IN ASIA: (OECD Conference Proceedings) (2000)

OECD SOCIAL EXPENDITURE DATABASE, 1980-1998 (2001) Third edition - Available in English and French on CD-ROM

THE BATTLE AGAINST EXCLUSION - Volume 3 Social Assistance in Canada and Switzerland (1999)

THE BATTLE AGAINST EXCLUSION - Volume 2 Social Assistance in Belgium, the Czech Republic, the Netherlands and Norway (1998)

THE BATTLE AGAINST EXCLUSION Social Assistance in Australia, Finland, Sweden and the United Kingdom (1998)

For a full list, consult the OECD On-Line Bookstore at www.oecd.org, or write for a free written catalogue to the following address:

OECD Publications Service 2, rue André-Pascal, 75775 PARIS CEDEX 16

or to the OECD Distributor in your country

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