8/12/2019 Hazmat w Scba
1/30
TV SD PSB
Hazmat (Hazardous Materials) w
SCBA Training
By
Lim Yee Teng
25 February 2011
8/12/2019 Hazmat w Scba
2/30
TV SD PSB
Introduction
Definition of Hazardous Materials (Hazmat)
Any substances such as
Toxic industrial chemicals (TIC)
Chemical warfare agent (CA) Biological agent (BA)
Radioactive materials
Fire & explosives
that when released from its enclosure may pose
unreasonable risks to Health, Safety, Property andEnvironment
25 February 2011
8/12/2019 Hazmat w Scba
3/30
TV SD PSB
Role of HAZMAT ERTs
To response to Hazmat emergencies
To contain the impact
To identify the hazmat
To isolate or confine the hazards To mitigate the hazards
To return the situation to normalcy ASAP
To decontamination
Perform rescue and evacuation
Apply first aid or medical treatment
25 February 2011
8/12/2019 Hazmat w Scba
4/30
TV SD PSB
Role of HAZMAT ERTs
Hazmat emergency response work is extremely
dangerous
Always assume a worst-case scenario and place
personal safety first
Always be prepare
25 February 2011
8/12/2019 Hazmat w Scba
5/30
TV SD PSB
Incident Priorit ies
Always protect life:
Save lives
Minimise injuries
Protect environment:
Stabilisation of the incident
Mitigate the impact
Protect property
25 February 2011
8/12/2019 Hazmat w Scba
6/30
8/12/2019 Hazmat w Scba
7/30
TV SD PSB
Rule of thumb
To determine the distance to
hazmat:
If you can see the incidentaround your thumb, you are
too close.
25 February 2011
8/12/2019 Hazmat w Scba
8/30
TV SD PSB
Where do you Stand?
Standing too close, you may be at risk.
Being too far away, you are ineffective
There are only 3 basic zone areas in which you can standin an event of emergency:
1.Cold Zone = Safe Zone
2.Warm Zone = Unsafe Zone
3.Hot Zone = Dangerous Zone
25 February 2011
8/12/2019 Hazmat w Scba
9/30
TV SD PSB
The 3 Basic Zone Area
1. Cold Zone = Safe Zone
No harmful effects from the hazardous materials
exist at the present time
2. Warm Zone = Unsafe Zone (PPE needed)
Atmospheres or conditions that will cause harm if
you stay for a prolonged period of time
3. Hot Zone = Dangerous Zone
Situations or conditions that are immediate threat
to life and health This atmosphere could be deadly and result in
catastrophic events
25 February 2011
8/12/2019 Hazmat w Scba
10/30
TV SD PSB
Site Management & Control
Site management refers to management of the physical
layout of the incident
The key to good site management is to isolate and deny
entry and call for help
If you do nothing else in an event, always control the
incident site. If no one can get close, no one get hurt
A cautious approach is always the best way to respond
to any emergency
To stay alive, recognise and identify the hazardousmaterials
If you dont know, dont go
25 February 2011
8/12/2019 Hazmat w Scba
11/30
TV SD PSB
Health Effect Harm
Persons who have contact with hazardous materials may
experience negative health effects because the
chemicals interfere with normal function.
Immediately Dangerous to Life or Health (IDLH)
Threshold Limit Value Short-Term Exposure Limit
(TLV/STEL) safety exposed for 15 minutes period
Threshold Limit Value Time-Weighted Average
(TLV/TWA) - safety exposed for periods of 8 hours per
day, 40 hours per week Emergency Respond Planning Guideline 2 (ERPG-2) -
safety exposed for 1 hour w/o adverse effects
25 February 2011
8/12/2019 Hazmat w Scba
12/30
8/12/2019 Hazmat w Scba
13/30
TV SD PSB
Spill Kits Absorbent
What colour is use for acids, bases and solvents?
Pink
What colour is use for oil and hydrocarbons?
Black
25 February 2011
8/12/2019 Hazmat w Scba
14/30
TV SD PSB
National Fire Protection Association (NFPA)Chemical Hazard Labels
25 February 2011
8/12/2019 Hazmat w Scba
15/30
TV SD PSB
Hazard Labels
25 February 2011
8/12/2019 Hazmat w Scba
16/30
TV SD PSB
Hazard Labels
25 February 2011
8/12/2019 Hazmat w Scba
17/30
TV SD PSB
Why wear BA Set?
Two main factors which make an atmosphere unsafe to
breathe
Oxygen deficiency
Presence of toxic gas, vapour, mist, or dust
A person can usually only hold their breath for under a
minute, especially if undertaking some form of physical
activity
25 February 2011
8/12/2019 Hazmat w Scba
18/30
TV SD PSB
Why wear BA Set?
The presence of an irritant gas may cause you to sneeze
or gasp in a matter of seconds.
It is therefore highly dangerous to enter a toxic or oxygen-deficient atmosphere without the appropriate protection
25 February 2011
8/12/2019 Hazmat w Scba
19/30
TV SD PSB
COMPONENTS OF BA SET
25 February 2011
8/12/2019 Hazmat w Scba
20/30
TV SD PSB
COMPONENTS OF BA SET
A cylinder of air under pressure
A face mask
25 February 2011
8/12/2019 Hazmat w Scba
21/30
TV SD PSB
COMPONENTS OF BA SETA cylinder harness
25 February 2011
8/12/2019 Hazmat w Scba
22/30
TV SD PSB
WEARING OF BA SETFull face piece donning procedure
Open the cylinder valve
25 February 2011
8/12/2019 Hazmat w Scba
23/30
TV SD PSB
WEARING OF BA SET
Fully extend the head straps
and placed out over the
front of the face piece
Place your chin into the chin
cup and hold the face piece
snug against your face
25 February 2011
8/12/2019 Hazmat w Scba
24/30
TV SD PSB
WEARING OF BA SETPull the head straps down
over the back of your head,
brushing away any hair from
the sealing surface.
Yourfirst breath will activate
the system, letting you breathe
freely.
25 February 2011
8/12/2019 Hazmat w Scba
25/30
TV SD PSB
WEARING OF BA SETPull straight back on the head
straps to tighten.
Start with the lower chin straps
and work your way up to the
top straps
25 February 2011
8/12/2019 Hazmat w Scba
26/30
TV SD PSB
WEARING OF BA SET
Positive Pressure / Regulator Test
Insert two fingers between your
cheek and the face piece, and
gently lift the face piece away
A good outward flow of air indicates
the face piece pressure is positive
After removing your finger to reseal the face piece, thereshould be no air leaking from the pressure-demand valve
or face piece
25 February 2011
8/12/2019 Hazmat w Scba
27/30
TV SD PSB
WEARING OF BA SET
Emergency Bypass Test
Open the pressure-demand
valve by rotating the
emergency by-pass knob
There should be a constant
flow of air into the face piece
Turn the knob back to theclosed position.
25 February 2011
8/12/2019 Hazmat w Scba
28/30
TV SD PSB
SAFETY TIPSBreathing apparatus must always be put on in fresh air
and removed in fresh air
Nobody is permitted to begin usage of a set unless thecylinder is at least 80 % full
As soon as the whistle sounds, the wearer must cease
work immediately, go into fresh air and remove the set
You should never exert yourselfmore than necessary
25 February 2011
8/12/2019 Hazmat w Scba
29/30
TV SD PSB
SAFETY TIPSLearn to pace yourselfso that you will not exhaust easily
and use air extremely quickly
Care must be taken not to produce any sparks ininflammable atmospheres (e.g. solvent spills)
The simple action of switching the light on or off may be
enough to trigger an explosion
25 February 2011
8/12/2019 Hazmat w Scba
30/30
TV SD PSB
Q & A
Thank You
25 February 2011