Harvester Machines And Combine Harvesters

M.M.Palitha Mahinda Munasinghe

Farm Mechanical Instructor

[email protected]

25/09/2012 mmpmm 2

Fruit Harvesting

Pole & ScissorsPole with Hook Bucket

Plucking by Hand

Elevator Bucket

25/09/2012 mmpmm 3

Grape Harvesting

Fruit Harvesting

Grape Harvester

Tractor Coupled Grape harvester

Papaya Harvesting

25/09/2012 mmpmm 4

Potato Digger

Type of Harvesters

ForageHarvester

Sorghum Elephant Grass,

Guinea GrassSugar Cane

Grain Harvester

Rice

WheatMaize BarleyMillets

Vegetable Harvester

TomatoCauliflower

Root Crop Harvester

Sweet Potato,

Potato, Sugar Beet, Carrot,

Turnip

Legume Harvester

Green Gram Black Gram

SoybeanPea

Cowpea

Fruit Harvester

Grapes

25/09/2012 mmpmm 5

25/09/2012 mmpmm 6

Stable 3-wheel design, maneuverable and features durable polycarbonate catcher plates with adjustable pitch for maximum fruit retention

Length: 5.89m

Width: 3.48m

Height: 3.48m

Lift: 50cm

Tunnel width: 1.4m

Throat width: 60cm

Weight: 5,897kg

Coffee Harvester

Mini Sugarcane Harvester

25/09/2012 mmpmm 7

Sugarcane Harvester

• 337 HP JD 4 Valve (375 Hp Optional)• Can harvest up to 40 Ton/Hour of Sugarcane• Complete solution to harvesting which includes

base cutting, De-Topping, De-Trashing, Cuttingto Billets and loading to trailer

Three separate operations comprising

Harvesting (Reaping) Threshing Winnowing—into A Single Process

Combine Harvester

25/09/2012 mmpmm 8

25/09/2012 mmpmm 9

Development of Combine Harvester

• Reaper • Reaper Binder • Threshers • Reaper thresher binder (Combine Harvester)

Two main types of combines are prevalent

• Conventional• Rotary

25/09/2012 mmpmm 10

Paddy ReaperOverall

Dimensions:(L×W×H)

2390x1470x900

mm

Cutting width 120cm

Weight 116kg

Working capacity 3-4hr/ha(1.2-1.6hr/acre)

Engine typeAir-cooled;4-stroke;OHV;single

cylinder

Displacement 163cc

Maximum Power Output (5.5HP)4.1kw

Rated Power

Output (4.0HP)3.0kw

Starting System Recoil/Electric

Cone Reaper & Thresher

25/09/2012 mmpmm 11

Self propelled Type

Tractor Mounted Type

Combine Harvester Further Classified As

Wheel Type Crawler Type

1 Reel2 Cutter bar3 Header auger4 Grain conveyor5 Stone trap6 Threshing drum7 Concave8 Straw walker9 Grain pan10 Fan

11 Top Adjustable sieve12 Bottom sieve13 Tailings conveyor14 Re-threshing of tailings15 Grain auger16 Grain tank17 Straw chopper18 Driver's cab19 Engine20 Unloading auger21 Impeller

Conventional combine harvester

25/09/2012 mmpmm 12

Soybean Combine Harvester

Cutting width 1870/1950mmFeed 1.5kg/sProductivity 0.2-0.5hectare/hBest Ridge Distance 65mm

25/09/2012 mmpmm 13

• Use of automatic profile floating cutter to ensure lowest harvesting height and adapt to thedifferent landform

• Rasp-bar cylinder and spike tooth cylinder to gain much better threshing effect• Use of re-threshing device obtains low loss rate and high cleanliness• To higher purity and loss rate, adopt double louver sieves with adjustable opening• Reclaim stem and skin separately, be used for feed, more systematic• To control the loss rate effectively with the centrifugal fan and changeable wind speed

Center distance(mm) 1000Ground pressure(kpa) 21.1Ground clearance(mm) 240Cutting Width (mm) 1500Cutting Rows 4Crop height(mm) 650-1300Cutting bar lifting way HydraulicSleeping paddy adoptability

Reaping follow ≤85°, Reaping against≤75°

Threshing drum type Axle flow typeThreshing drum Dia. * Length (mm)

424x800

Threshing drum Rotation 510Cleaning system Air-blower + shacking sieveStraw handling Lay-flat / crush (50-60mm)Blade type Round bladeSmall grain tank (0.3cbm) Bagging riceBig grain tank (0.7CBM) Unloading augerWorking efficiency(hectare/hour)

0.2-0.4

Half Feeding Paddy Combine Harvester

25/09/2012 mmpmm 14

• Feeding depth adjustable, Load display and automatic alarming functions • It adopts hydraulic step less speed-change plus three-range transmission• Rubber track size: 400*90*46• Suspension type wheel train with combination seal system• Interval of mesh screen for straw and wind strength for cleaning is adjustable• Equipped with straw cutting, tiling, and stacking device

Full Feeding Paddy Combine Harvester

Drive Train

Track Size(mm) 90x46x400

Track Center(mm) 1030

Min. ground clearance(mm)

245

Harvesting

Cutting width(mm) 2000

Feeding capacity(t/h) 7.2

Cutting Bar Lift Hydraulic Control

Threshing

Threshing TypeAxial flow type with Beatbars

Feeding Cylinder(mm) 550x648.5

Threshing Cylinder(mm) 550x1295

Filtrate TypeVibrating-Sieves+centrifugal fan

DischargingSide Grain Tank 0.3 M3, Manual Type

Centered Grain Tank 0.8 M3, Automatic Type

Operation efficiency 0.25-0.47 ha./h

Crop Rice, Wheat, Rapeseed

25/09/2012 mmpmm 15

• New design of Tension Frame, avoiding belt being broken and track slip• Larger Feeding Bridge with bigger feeding capacity• Double threshing Cylinders make the grain cleaner and less loss• Down-forward outlet for straws with Shredding Mechanism to get straw pieces back to field

Corn Combine HarvesterPicking Mechanism Type Picking plate + cutting roller

Harvesting Rows 4

Applicable Row Width mm 480~580

Power kW 90.5~92

Engine speed r/min 2400

Theoretical Travel Speed km/h

Ⅰgear 1.55 ～3.45Ⅱgear 3.43 ～7.61Ⅲgear 9.25 ～20.51Reverse gear 3.62 ～8.03

Pure work productivity h㎡/h 0.33~0.58

Grain Tank Volume ㎡ 2.5

Stalk Smashing Width mm 2000

Stalk Smashing Blades Combination Type

2 curve blades + 1 straight blade in the middle

25/09/2012 mmpmm 16

● Full hydraulic steering system for flexible and convenient control● Equip with the 4-wheel brake system which makes it more safe● Better adjusted conveying chain of the header, offers more reliability● It employs steel header cover to prevent the wheat spikes from falling● The chopping device adopts two curve blades + one straight blade in the middle