"Hamburg Summit: China Meets Europe" - Documentation 2010

Documentation Brochure 20102010 年峰会文献手册

November 25 and 26, 2010Hamburg Chamber of Commerce

Hamburg, Germany

www.hamburg-summit.com

2010 年11月25 至 26 日汉堡商会

德国，汉堡

2 The Hamburg Summit: China meets Europe – Documentation Brochure 2010 3The Hamburg Summit: China meets Europe – Documentation Brochure 2010

Sponsors Table of Contents

04 The Bridge is strong enough 桥梁坚实依旧

06 “China is back“ “中国重返强国之列”

08 Rebalancing the Chinese Economy

重新平衡中国经济

10 Protectionism or being open to each other?

贸易保护，还是放开市场？

12 Change takes Time 变革无法一蹴而就

14 Urbanisation as a Challenge and an Opportunity

城市化带来的机遇和挑战

Platinum Sponsor

Gold Sponsors

Supporters

16 Coping with demographic Changes

应对人口结构变化

18 The future Role of China 中国未来的作用

20 Two Awards for a better Understanding

两大奖项促进彼此了解

22 A Pocket full of Money 待开垦的“金矿”

24 A Gap and a Hope 有差距，但也有希望

26 A green Balance for the Economy

平衡绿色与发展

28 Still a long Way to go 任重而道远

30 Global Players and Champions

世界豪强云集

32 Strong Partners in a fair Dialogue

公平对话下的强大伙伴关系

34 Closing Dinner 闭幕晚宴

36 Views on the Hamburg Summit

汉堡峰会一览

37 Quotes 引话

38 Speakers 演讲人

Imprint:HAMBURG CHAMBER OF COMMERCEInternational Department Jens Assmann · Adolphsplatz 1 20457 Hamburg · GermanyPhone: +49 40 361 38-287 Fax: +49 40 361 38-494 E-Mail: [email protected]

Design: zwei:c Werbeagentur GmbH, HamburgPhotos: R. Magunia, K. Angerer Chinese Translation and Type Setting: Dr. Boesken & Partner GmbH, HamburgCopy Date: May 20, 2011 All rights, changes and errors reserved.

版本说明：汉堡商会国际商务部Jens Assmann 先生Adolphsplatz 1 · 20457 汉堡 · 德国电话 : +49 40 361 38 -287传真 : +49 40 361 38 -494邮件 : [email protected]网站 : www.hamburg-summit.com

设计 : zwei:c 广告有限责任公司，汉堡图片 : R. Magunia, K. Angerer中文翻译和排版 : Dr. Boesken & Partner GmbH，汉堡复制日期：2011 年 05 月 20 日保留所有权利，包括更改和印刷错误。


桥梁坚实依旧The Bridge is strong enough

In the weeks before the fourth ‘Hamburg Summit: China meets Europe’, the global

economic debate had been dominated by harsh words and countries blaming each other for distorting global demand. This quarrel could quickly turn into a real dogfight. “This has to be avoided, we have to come back to a constructive dialogue, trying to keep the interests of all players in mind”, Frank Horch, then President of the Hamburg Chamber of Commerce, said in his words of welcome.

The ‘Hamburg Summit’ should be a starting point for that, the president claimed. Dialogue and cooperation, not conflict and argument, should become the keywords of Sino-European trade relations. “I am very confident that China will play a responsible role within the international trading system”, Horch emphasised.

Europe and China have a special responsibility for enhancing free trade.

Further opening up of markets will not be a painless process – neither in China nor in Europe. But in the long run, it is the only way to create more wealth and well-being – in China, Europe and all over the world.

In the name of the Senate of the Free and Hanseatic City of Hamburg, then First Mayor Christoph Ahlhaus explained that Hamburg, with its port, has been China’s hub for all of Western Europe since the middle of the 1970s. Hamburg’s contacts with China have always had European dimensions. “And this is why it was definitely the right decision to establish a Chinese-European economic conference in Hamburg”, Ahlhaus said.

In 2011 Shanghai and Hamburg will be celebrating a quarter of a century of successful partnership as twin cities. This partnership has developed into friendship, one marked by mutual trust and real substance, on all levels of society. “The close relationship between China and

Hamburg, which has existed for centuries, will offer considerable growth potential in the future”, Ahlhaus is convinced.

Liu Haiyan, Senior Vice Chairman of the China Federation of Industrial Economics (CFIE), the Co-Host of the ‘Hamburg Summit’ since its beginning in 2004, focused his words of welcome on the future role of China’s domestic market and its relevance to the world. One of the most important challenges in his opinion is to achieve sustainable growth for the Chinese economy. So he and his delegation of high-ranking businesspeople looked forward to discussing these questions with people from more than 15 countries. The “Hamburg Summit” is an outstanding opportunity for us to effectively promote the cooperation between Europe and China that is so important for us,” Liu emphasised.

In this spirit, Conference Chairman Nikolaus W. Schües remembered the third ‘Hamburg Summit’ in 2008 and its intention to build a bridge between China and Europe. “The crash of the Lehmann Brothers Bank happened on the Monday after the last ‘Hamburg Summit’, he said “and it opened a ‘black hole’ that absorbed huge amounts of one of the best qualities of human beings: optimism!”

Influenced by negative headlines around the world, we almost did not realise that our bridge was strong enough to carry the weight. A few bricks might have fallen off, but the crisis could not shake the foundations of the bridge. Indeed, it was strong enough to carry us all the way to the fourth ‘Hamburg Summit’!

“Have we learned our lessons?” Schües asked. The crisis has contributed to a power shift towards China, and we all have reason to welcome this development! A stronger China and a stronger cooperation between Europe and China can offer new markets and bring more opportunities for business. “Our optimism is back on track,” Schües said in summary. <<

在第四届“汉堡峰会：中国与欧

洲相遇”召开前数周，在围绕

全球经济话题展开的争论中充满了

火药味，各国相互指责对方扭曲全

球需求。这场口舌之争很快会演变

成真正的经济大战。时任汉堡商会

主席的 Frank Horch 在致大会欢迎辞

时说：“我们必须避免这种局面的发

生，我们应重新建立有建设性的对

话，尽力兼顾所有各方的利益。”

主席先生说，“汉堡峰会”应成为

构建良好国际关系的新起点。要对话

与合作，不要冲突与对抗，这应成

为中欧贸易关系中的关键词。Horch

强调说：“我坚信中国将在国际贸易

体系中发挥负责的作用。”

欧洲和中国在推动自由贸易上都负

有特殊的责任。无论对中国还是欧

洲来说，要进一步开放市场都不可

避免地要经历一些挫折和困难。但

从长远来看，这是为中国、欧洲乃

至全世界创造更多财富和福祉的唯

一出路。

作为汉堡参议院的代表，时任汉堡

市第一市长的 Christoph Ahlhaus 在会

上说，汉堡港凭借其有利的地理位

置，自上世纪 70 年代中叶以来一直

是连接中国与整个西欧的重要枢纽。

汉堡与中国的接触始终是覆盖整个

欧洲的。Ahlhaus 说：“因此，选择在

汉堡召开重要的中欧经济会议是绝

对正确的决定。”

2011 年是上海和汉堡结为友好城市

的第 25 个年头。两座城市缔结起了

深厚的友谊，在社会各个层面上增

进互信，深化合作。Ahlhaus 确信无

疑地说道：“中国和汉堡长达数百年

的亲密关系将为今后的发展注入巨

大的增长潜力。”

自 2004 年召开第一届“汉堡峰会”

以来一直作为联合主办方的中国工

业经济联合会（CFIE）的高级副会

长刘海燕在致欢迎辞时，着重强调

了中国本国市场在未来发展中的作

用及其对世界市场的影响。他认为，

眼下最重要的一大挑战是实现中国

经济的可持续发展。因此，他和工

经联的其他高层代表期望借“汉堡

峰会”这一平台，与超过 15 个国家

的代表们就这些问题开诚布公地展

开讨论。刘海燕强调说：“‘汉堡峰会’

为有效增进中国和欧洲间的合作与

交流提供了绝佳的机会，这对我们

来说至关重要。”

秉承这一精神，峰会主席 Nikolaus W.

Schües 回顾了 2008 年举行的、意在

为中国和欧洲牵线搭桥的第三届“汉

堡峰会”。他说：“在上届‘汉堡峰会’

结束后的周一，就传出了雷曼兄弟

银行破产的惊人消息，由此形成的

巨大‘黑洞’把作为人类最重要品

质之一的乐观精神无情地吞噬了！”

在全球媒体铺天盖地负面报道的影

响下，我们几乎忘了其实彼此间构

筑的坚固桥梁足以承受这一巨大压

力。

虽然在经济危机的震动下，可能有

一些桥砖摇摇欲坠，但整个桥梁的

基石依然十分稳固。事实上，正是

依靠这一坚实稳固的桥梁，我们才

得以挺过危机，一路走到了第四届

‘汉堡峰会’的召开！

Schües 在会上发问说：“我们是否从

危机中吸取了经验教训？”经历此

次金融危机后，世界经济重心已东

移至中国，我们所有人都有理由拥

抱这一趋势！在一个更强大的中国，

以及欧洲和中国之间更强有力的合

作下，将催生更多新市场，带来更

多商业机会。Schües 一言以蔽之：“我

们的信心又回来了。” <<

Liu Haiyan, CFIE, Christoph Ahlhaus, then First Mayor of Hamburg, Nikolaus W. Schües, Conference Chairman (f.l.t.r.)中国工经联（CFIE）高级副会长刘海燕；时任汉堡市第一市长 Christoph Ahlhaus ；大会主席 Nikolaus W. Schües（从左至右）

Frank Horch, then President, Hamburg Chamber of Commerce, welcomes the audience时任汉堡商会主席的 Frank Horch 致欢迎辞


“中国重返强国之列”“China is back”

Chairperson Dr. Theo Sommer, Editor-at-large at the German weekly newspaper

‘DIE ZEIT’, opened the session of keynote speeches with a thought- provoking thesis. “China is no longer an emerging power, it has emerged,” he asserted. He then proved his statement with evidence of the country’s impressive development in recent years: in 2007 China took over from Germany as the number one exporting nation in the world, in 2009 it ranked as the second-largest global economy and in 2025 it will overtake the United States as the biggest global economy.

However, Professor Xu Kuangdi, Vice Chairman of the 10th National Committee of the Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference, only agreed with him in part. On the one hand, he was correct because ‘China is back’, said Xu. The economy grew by more than ten per cent again in 2010, with exports growing by more than 11 per cent. “China and other Asian countries have increased their domestic demand, BRIC-countries are leading the recovery in the emerging countries and the world,” Xu said.

These successes are the result of great effort. The government has invested the equivalent of around 400 billion euros to stimulate the economy. On the other hand,

development in Europe ‘is not strong and not balanced’ and the USA has reinvigorated its economy with massive cash injections into the Federal Reserve. “We are very concerned that this may damage the economic recovery,” Xu warned.

“But the situation in China is still complex,” he added, because there is a large mismatch between the country’s eastern and western regions, and between cities and rural areas. Twenty-five million people in China still live in poverty. For this reason, Xu is in no doubt: China is a developing nation. The fiscal policy will change in the next five years, Xu predicted: “We have to change economic aims, improve the service for the people instead of exports and investments and make further developments in environmental protection.” Because this is of mutual interest, “we have to offer helping hands and build bridges”, Xu concluded in his keynote speech.

Captain Wei Jiafu, Chairman of the China Association of Trade in Services (CATIS) and President and CEO of COSCO Group, China’s largest global shipping company, is also sure of this. In spite of all the difficulties, he is convinced that China and Europe “can build a great future

together,” because the exchange between the two partners was also stable during the financial crisis and the dependence of the two sides is increasing rapidly. Wei sees great opportunities for Europeans, because China has made considerable efforts to rebuild its economy. Thanks to this, investors in alternative energies and other activities can enjoy a high level of attention to help develop sustainable growth.

A further goal, according to Wei, is “to further open up the markets of service trade.” In this field, the partners can cooperate at three levels: first of all in the traditional service trade, that means, for instance, tourism, logistics, and transport. Secondly in the high-end production sector, examples being R&D, design, finance, insurance or consulting. Thirdly in cultural and creative businesses, such as film, performance and exhibitions. “The last one can also contribute to our mutual understanding,” Wei explained. For its part, Wei said, China will open R&D centres in Europe in the future.

The Chinese businessman is convinced that the service industry provides a huge market. Wei: “Therefore it is important to cement institutional contacts, in order to discuss and improve trade and relations.” <<

会议主席、《德国时代周报》自由

撰稿人 Theo Sommer 博士在会议

开始发表了发人深省的基调演讲。他

断言说：“中国已不再是新兴经济体，

而成为了一个成熟的国家。”随即他

通过中国近年来的惊人发展来证明

自己的论调：2007 年，中国取代德

国成为世界最大出口国；2009 年跃

升为世界第二大经济体；到 2025 年，

中国将赶超美国成为全球最大经济

体。

然而，第 10 届中国人民政治协商

会议全国委员会副主席徐匡迪教授

并不完全赞同这一说法。徐匡迪说，

Theo Sommer 的观点从一方面来讲是

正确的，因为“中国正在重返强国之

列”。中国经济在 2010 年的增长速度

再度超过 10 %，出口增长超过 11 %。

徐匡迪说：“中国和其他亚洲国家在

本国需求上大大提升，在新兴国家

乃至整个世界，BRIC 国家都是最先

从危机中复苏的。”

在这些成功背后付出的是巨大的努

力。中国政府投入近 4000 亿欧元刺

激国家经济。另一方面，欧洲的发

展“势头并不强劲，失衡严重”，而

美国则向联邦储备系统注入巨资振

兴国内经济。徐匡迪告诫说：“我

们十分担心这会破坏经济的良性复

苏。”

他随即补充道：“但中国的情况依

然错综复杂”，因为中国在东西部地

区发展上严重失衡，而且城乡差异

巨大。现仍有 2500 万中国人尚未脱

贫。鉴于这些情况，徐匡迪得出结论：

就目前而言，中国仍是发展中国家。

徐匡迪预测说，政府将在今后五年

对国家财政政策做出调整：“我们必

须制订新的经济目标，用提高服务业

质量取代扩大出口，同时加大对环

境保护的投资和发展力度。”徐匡迪

在基调演讲的最后总结道，因为这

涉及到共同利益，“我们必须携起手

来，加强沟通与合作。”

中国服务贸易协会（CATIS）会长、

也是中国最大的跨国船运公司中远

集团总裁兼首席执行官的魏家福也

对此深信不疑。尽管面临重重困难，

他仍坚信中国和欧洲“能够携手共

筑美好未来”，因为在经济危机期间

中欧双方仍未中断交流与沟通，彼

此间的依赖和联系与日俱增。在中

国大力重建国家经济的大背景下，

魏家福认为这给欧洲企业带来了诸

多机会。得益于此，新能源等新兴

行业的投资者将能得到政府的高度

关注，为推动可持续发展注入活力。

在魏家福看来，更深入的目标是“进

一步放开服务贸易市场。”在这方面

的合作可在三个层面上展开：首先

是传统型服务贸易，也就是指旅游、

物流和运输等。其次是高端生产领

域，包括研发、设计、金融、保险

和咨询。最后是文化与创意产业，

比如电影、表演和展览。魏家福说：

“通过最后一项的文化与创意产业还

能增进彼此间的了解。” 魏家福说，

今后中国将在欧洲设立与此有关的

研发中心。

魏家福十分看好服务业蕴藏的巨大

市场潜力。他说：“因此，加强机构

间联系十分重要，这有助于促进协

商，增进贸易往来。” <<

Theo Sommer, DIE ZEIT, Wei Jiafu, CATIS《德国时代周报》主编 Theo Sommer，

中远集团（CATIS）总裁魏家福

Xu Kuangdi, CFIE, and Wei Jiafu, CATIS, give their keynote speeches中国工经联（CFIE）会长徐匡迪和中远集团（CATIS）总裁魏家福发表基调演讲


Rebalancing the Chinese Economy 重新平衡中国经济

Dr. Vítor Constâncio, Vice-President of the European Central Bank, is also

certain that the bridges between Europe and China are built on solid foundations. “Relations between China and Europe are currently closer than ever before,” he said in his keynote speech. He then proved his opinion with a few figures: the euro area is, alongside the United States, the main destination for Chinese exports, euro-area exports to China tripled between 2000 and 2009, and Chinese foreign direct investment in the euro area has shown consistently strong growth since 2004. Constancio: “The people of Europe have now become used to the idea of some of their firms being owned by companies located in China.”

So, what has to be done to make the bridges even stronger? The European Eco-nomic and Monetary Union is undeniably facing many challenges, excessive public debts and deficits or intra-euro area imbalances, for instance. But the manager of the European Central Bank is confident “that euro-area authorities will do

whatever is necessary to steer the single currency through its current difficulties, ensuring its future stability”.

And the Chinese government? “I very much welcome the fact that the Chinese authorities have placed the gradual rebalancing of growth at the heart of their policy,” Constâncio said, because China’s export growth cannot continue to exceed 15 per cent per year. The emergence of domestic and external imbalances calls for more urgent reforms. But this will take time and requires cooperation.

Li Dongrong, Assistant Governor of the People’s Bank of China (PBC), confirmed in his keynote speech that the Chinese government is working hard to achieve financial stability and sustainable growth of the economy. There is no doubt that further deep-cutting reforms are necessary. They are still on the agenda, and the Chinese central bank’s manager stressed that PBC would “give full play to market-oriented measures and f ocus on economic institutional reforms in China.”

Regarding future monetary policy, Li Dongrong mentioned four points of special importance for the central bank: “Firstly, the PBC will continue to strengthen liquidity management, help money and credit to grow at a proper pace and promote economic restructuring through its credit guidance policy,” he said. Secondly, it will steadily advance the market-based interest rate reform and improve the exchange rate regime of its currency. Then the PBC will look to establish and develop a macro- prudential policy framework, and, last but not least, the banker insisted: “We will promote the development of financial markets.”

The path to sustainable growth in China and with it, the fight against climate change, is something that the European Investment Bank is looking to support with its financial commitment. “We are effectively engaged in climate change projects in Europe and outside,” Philippe Maystadt, President of the bank, declared. By 2012, about 25 per cent of all lending should go to climate change projects, the manager said in his keynote speech to the fourth ‘Hamburg Summit’.

Above all, the bank is active in countries that are strategic partners of the European Union – China, for instance. In this way, the investment bank also helped to finance the new terminal at Beijing Airport. These types of investment are particularly important, since China is the biggest producer of CO2 – although not per head, Maystadt stressed.

Most importantly, however, he emphasised that awareness of environmental protection is growing in China; the country has significantly reduced emissions in recent years. Maystadt: “We are working on a broad range of projects to reduce greenhouse gases.” And the reaction of Chinese authorities is always positive, all of which means that the work of the European Investment Bank in China is “a tangible example of the EU-China partnership.” <<

欧洲中央银行副总裁 Vítor

Constâncio 博士也坚信中欧间

的桥梁依然构建在稳固的基础之上。

他在发表基调演讲时说：“中国和

欧洲现今的联系比以往任何时候都

更紧密。”他通过一些数字来证明自

己的观点：整个欧元区以及美国是

中国最主要的出口目的地，而欧元

区对华出口在 2000 年至 2009 年间

翻了三倍，自 2004 年以来，中国对

欧元区直接投资显现迅猛增长势头。

Constâncio 说：“现在，欧洲人对中国

企业到欧洲投资和并购已经习以为

常了。”

那么，我们该做些什么来进一步

加固彼此间的桥梁呢？如今，欧洲

经济货币联盟无可辩驳地面临着诸

多挑战，比如背负巨额公债和赤字，

欧元区内严重失衡等。但欧洲央行

的 Vítor Constâncio 博士相信“欧元区

当局将尽一切必要的努力，克服当

前的重重阻碍实现货币一体化，为

未来的稳定发展提供保障。”

那么中国政府该做什么呢？

Constâncio 说道：“对于中国政府把逐

步重新平衡经济发展作为核心政策

的做法，我表示万分欢迎。”因为中

国的出口增长不可能一直保持 15 %

以上的年增速。国内市场的繁荣发

展和外部世界的失衡迫切要求政府

尽快实施改革。但这需要时间，也

离不开各方的配合。

中国人民银行（PBC）行长助理李

东荣在基调演讲中说，中国政府正

采取一切努力促进金融的稳定和经

济的可持续增长。进一步深化改革

无疑是十分有必要的。这是当前的

工作重点，李东荣强调说，PBC 将“充

分采取市场导向型举措，并着重对

国内经济制度实行改革。”

至于未来的货币政策方面，李东荣

提出了对央行特别重要的四大要点：

“第一，PBC 将继续加强流动资金管

理，把握好适当的货币和信贷增长

速度，并通过信贷指导方针推动经

济结构重组。”第二，央行将稳步推

进利率市场化改革，完善人民币外

汇形成机制。第三，PBC 将建立宏

观审慎的政策框架并不断加以完善，

最后同样重要的是，李东荣说道：“我

们将不遗余力地推动金融市场的发

展。”

中国的可持续发展之路以及在此基

础上打响的气候保卫战正是欧洲投

资银行资助的重点对象。欧洲投资

银行总裁 Philippe Maystadt 说道：“我

们正为欧洲及其他国家的气候保护

项目提供有力支持。”Philippe Maystadt

在第四届“汉堡峰会”上发表基调

演讲说，到 2012 年，约有 25 % 的贷

款资金应流入气候变化相关项目。

最重要的是，欧洲投资银行积极活

跃于作为欧盟战略伙伴的国家市场

上中国就是其中之一。该银行还为

北京国际机场新建航站楼提供了资

金支持。Maystadt 强调说，此类投资

具有特别重要的意义，因为中国是

世界最大的碳排放国 – 虽然人均碳

排放量低于世界平均水平。

他强调说，但更重要的是，中国社

会的环保意识在日益增强；近年来中

国在减少排放上成效卓著。Maystadt

说：“我们实施了大量的减排计划来

减少温室气体排放。”此外，中国政

府对节能减排始终持积极的态度，

所有这一切都证明了欧洲投资银行

在中国的种种努力“为中欧间的合

作树立了范例。” <<

Philippe Maystadt, European Investment Bank, stresses the importance of cooperation with China欧洲投资银行总裁 Philippe Maystadt 强调与中国携手合作的重要性

Li Dongrong, People’s Bank of China, and Vítor Constâncio, European Central Bank, discuss financial stability and currency issues中国人民银行行长助理李东荣和欧洲中央银行副总裁 Vítor Constâncio 探讨金融稳定性和货币问题


Protectionism or being open to each other?

One result of the worst economic crisis since 1930 is without any doubt a

shifting balance of power towards Asia, and especially China. The question that British businessman David Marsh, the chair of the panel discussion ‘Shaping the Post-Crisis World’, asked his participants at the podium was ‘How are they going to use this power?’ And furthermore: does this development increase the danger of trade protection against booming Chinese exports?

Hopefully not, said Dr. Martin Bruder-müller, Member of the Board of Executive Directors, BASF SE, “because the crisis has shown us how interdependent we are”. The German manager is convinced that China-bashing by politicians and media does not help at all. The EU has to learn that the competitiveness of China’s economy is a matter of fact, that many European companies have become a reliable partner in China and China needs them. “Most important is mutual understanding, not one against the other”, Jürgen Fitschen, Member of the Management Board of Deutsche Bank AG, added.

“The more we invest, the more we relax, the more we gain,” continued Brudermüller. Guo Guangchang, Executive Director and Chairman of Fosun Group, a Chinese

private conglomerate, confirmed this opinion and asked the European managers “to look at the opportunities in China,” because “the development in China is a big opportunity for global companies”. The country is changing from an economy that manufactures for the world to an economy with powerful domestic consumption.

Will we therefore see a boom in consumption in China over the next 20 years? That is possible, said Mao Zhenhua, Chairman of China Chengxin Credit Management Co. Ltd. Mao: “As of yet we don’t have an established middle class in China, and therefore consumption is weak, but within five years things are going to change.”

“Nevertheless, it is a good option that companies have for going abroad,” said Alessandro Barberis, President of Eurochambres. For Chinese and European companies, of course, Mao Zhenhua knows that “Chinese companies going abroad have to overcome a lot of obstacles.” Johannes Thammer, a manager at Volks-wagen Group, which is very successful in China, has learned that “our system does not work in China.” Brudermüller added: “A lot of people in Europe still don’t understand how people in China think and behave.”

So the solution to their problems is the same for Chinese and European companies: they have to be open and learn from each other. “The culture is very important,” Guo explained, and Thammer added that collaboration is the best option when going abroad, “but this fails if you do not look at cultural aspects.” However, working together is obviously the best possible way to take the first step into a mostly unknown market like China.

But is that not a possibility that is almost exclusively available to large companies in China and Europe, to COSCO, VW and BASF, for example? What about small and medium-sized businesses, the backbone of the German economy? If a businessperson needs credit of one million euros to finance a commitment in China, it is a problem. By contrast, a decision regarding a 100-million-euro loan for a global concern is taking place ‘over lunch’.

Alessandro Barberis recommended that small and medium-sized businesses work in groups and, above all, take advantage of help from institutions such as chambers of commerce. That aside, Fitschen denied that money plays the decisive role: “It’s not the money, it’s not the opportunities, the one problem is finding the right people at home and in China.” <<

在经历 1930 年以来最大的这场全

球经济危机后，世界经济重心

毫无疑问已经东移至亚洲，尤其是

中国。英国实业家、也是“重整危

机后的世界格局”专题讨论会主持

人的 David Marsh 在讲台上向与会者

发问道：“东方国家将如何利用这股

力量？”此外还有：“这一发展趋势

是否会使针对势不可挡的中国出口

品的贸易保护升级？”

巴斯夫股份有限公司的执行董事会

成员 Martin Brudermüller 博士说，希

望不会如此，“因为通过这场危机

让我们明白了整个世界是互相依存

的。”Martin Brudermüller 博士相信，

政客们和媒体肆意抨击中国对解决

争端毫无帮助。欧盟必须认识到，

中国经济的强大竞争力已经是不争

的事实，已经有许多欧洲企业成为

了中国市场可靠的合作伙伴，中国

的发展也需要他们。德意志银行股

份公司管理委员会成员 Jürgen Fitschen

补充说：“最重要的是做到相互谅解，

而不是互相抨击。”

Brudermüller 继续说道：“我们的投

资规模越大，我们就越有优势和把

握，我们得到的就越多。”中国的民

营企业集团复星集团执行董事兼董

事长郭广昌十分认同这一观点，他

呼吁欧洲管理者“把眼光瞄准中国

带来的机遇”，因为“中国的发展给

跨国企业带来了巨大的商机。”中国

正在设法摆脱世界工厂的形象，努

力营造具有强大消费力的本国市场。

那么，今后 20 年中国的本国消费

是否将呈现迅猛发展？中国诚信信

用管理有限公司董事长毛振华认为

这是很有可能的。毛振华说：“虽然

中国的中产阶级尚未成熟，公众消

费能力相对薄弱，但用不了五年这

一切都将发生改变。”

欧洲商会主席 Alessandro Barberis 说：

“尽管如此，企业到海外发展仍是

不错的选择。”当然，对中国和欧

洲企业来说，毛振华深知“中国企

业要打开海外市场势必要克服许多

的阻碍。”在中国市场上经营十分

成功的大众集团的销售战略与项目

部总经理 Johannes Thammer 已经认识

到“西方的一套体系在中国不起作

用。”Brudermüller 补充说：“ 现在仍

有许多欧洲人对中国人的所思所行

完全不了解。”

所以，无论是中国还是欧洲企业，

在这些问题上的解决办法都是一样

的：必须开放思路，互相借鉴。郭广

昌说：“了解文化非常重要。”Thammer

补充说，建立合作是开拓海外业务

的最佳出路，“但如果你忽视了文化

上的差异，一样会失败。”不过，与

当地企业建立合作无疑是打开中国

这样不太为西方人所知的市场最可

行的第一步。

但这种做法是否只适用于中国和欧

洲实力雄厚的大企业，比如中远集

团、大众集团和巴斯夫集团？作为

德国经济主体的中小企业又怎么办

呢？当普通的企业家向金融机构申

请 100 万欧元贷款在华开展业务时，

将会遇到重重阻碍。但相比之下，

对向大型跨国企业提供 1 亿欧元贷款

的决定却很快就能批下来。

对此，Alessandro Barberis 建议中小企

业联合起来开展业务，此外最重要的

是充分借助商会这类组织的力量。另

外，Fitschen 并不认为资金实力在这方

面发挥着决定性的作用：“问题不在

于资金多寡和有无机遇，而在于在本

国和中国都找到最合适的人才。” <<

Alessandro Barberis, Eurochambres, Guo Guangchang, Fosun Group, Martin Brudermüller, BASF SE (f.l.t.r.)欧洲商会会长 Alessandro Barberis，复星集团董事长郭广昌，巴斯夫集团执行董事会成员 Martin Brudermüller（从左至右）

Mao Zhenhua, China Chengxin Credit Management Co. Ltd., Jürgen Fitschen, Deutsche Bank AG, Johannes Thammer, Volkswagen Group (f.l.t.r.)中国诚信信用管理有限公司董事长毛振华，德意志银行股份公司管理委员会成员 Jürgen Fitschen，大众集团管理者 Johannes

Thammer（从左至右）

David Marsh, SCCO International, chairs the panel „Shaping the post-crisis world”SCCO 国际公司董事长 David Marsh 主持

“塑造危机后的世界”专题讨论会

贸易保护，还是放开市场？


Change takes Time 变革无法一蹴而就

China is one of the strongest markets in the world, so open trade is, especially

for the European Union, very important. But there is an enormous mismatch on the trade balance sheet. While the 27 EU member states shipped goods with a value of almost 82 billion euros to China, the value of goods that they imported from the country was around 215 billion euros. “The volume of Chinese exports isn’t the problem. The difficulties actually lie in the entry requirements in place in the Chinese market for foreign distributors and investors,” stated João Aguiar Machado, Deputy Director General for trade at the European Commission.

The panel discussion ‘China and the EU in the Global Trading System’ at the ‘Hamburg Summit’ discussed the possibilities for restructuring export industries and diversifying markets in Europe and China. Is the danger of protectionism a real one, and what happens if a ‘war of currencies’ becomes reality? “We shouldn’t overemphasise that the global system is working quite well and China plays its role extremely well,” Dr. Axel C. Heitmann, Chairman of the German chemical company Lanxess, explained. The manager is convinced that it is the best

recipe for freedom in the world “to trade more and more and to become friends.”

“But how can this be achieved?” asked moderator Steffen Klusmann, Editor-in-Chief of Financial Times Deutschland. And, given the mismatch, how is it possible to avoid protectionist measures and, more importantly, a devaluation competition between the large economic blocks? The partners were largely in agreement that the Chinese currency is undervalued. The problem is at what speed to bring the currency to a level that corresponds with its economic strength.

Nan Cunhui, Chairman of CHINT Group, argued: “China needs to do its own thing at home that will help the world.” And that means “We have to revalue our currency step by step, because if we do it too fast the whole economy is endangered.” “China is extremely different and it is slowly opening up,” Christof Gabriel Maetze, Board Member of Commerzbank, added. But if the country is able to reach a level of sustainable growth, it would be of great benefit not only for China.

But it takes not only time, there are also a lot of things to be done and to learn. ”We had only 40 years to learn things that took other countries centuries,” He Dongdong,

Vice President of Sany Heavy Industries, explained. And he answered all the critics in developed countries by saying: “You benefit from the low prices of Chinese goods, and yet you criticise China – that’s not fair.”

To promote and balance the trade, the Chinese managers had a proposal: sell us technology, sell us service, then we can reduce the surplus. China is a large territory with a large population, large social differences and large needs for environmental protection, they argued. “If developed countries bring technology to China it will help,” Nan Cunhui said. And Commerzbank manager Maetze agreed: “When it comes to transfer of technology, China is the most important market.”

China wants to change its model of growth and move the focus to the west of the country, to the poorer provinces that are far behind the development of the eastern-coast area. There are a lot of opportunities to trade and to invest. He Dongdong looked to attract them in his own words: “People in Germany and Europe, if you want to invest in China, go to the west – there are 800 million people.” <<

中国现已跻身世界强国之列，因

此中国开放贸易显得格外重要

起来，尤其是对欧盟国家来说。但

目前在贸易往来上失衡十分严重。

尽管 27 个欧盟成员国对华出口总值

将近 820 亿欧元，但欧洲对中国产品

的进口额却高达 2150 亿欧元。欧盟

贸易总司副司长 João Aguiar Machado

说：“问题不在于中国出口量的多寡，

而在于中国现有体制中对外国经销

商和投资者提出的准入要求。”

在本届汉堡峰会的“全球贸易体

系里的中国与欧洲”专题讨论会上，

就重组出口产业和实现欧洲与中国

市场多元化发展的可能性展开了探

讨。贸易保护主义是否真正构成了

威胁，如果真的上演“世界货币大战”

怎么办？德国化学生产巨头朗盛公

司董事长 Axel C. Heitmann 博士认为：

“我们不应对‘全球贸易体系运作良

好、中国已经极大地发挥了积极作

用’给予过分强调。”他深信，实现

自由贸易是“促进贸易往来，各国

友好共处”的一剂良方。

主持会议的《德国金融时报》主

编 Steffen Klusmann 向与会者发问道：

“但我们如何实现这一目标？”此外，

有鉴于贸易上的巨大失衡，如何才

能避免采取贸易保护措施，更重要

的是，如何避免大国间竞争性的货

币贬值？人民币被低估已成为大部

分人的共识。问题在于，应该以何

种速度让人民币升值至与国家经济

实力相称的水平。

正泰集团董事长南存辉认为：“中

国在本国采取的发展措施也应当对整

个世界有利。”也就是说“我们必须

循序渐进地对人民币进行重估，因为

如果人民币升值太快，将会危及整个

国家经济的健康发展。” 德国商业银

行执行管理委员会成员 Christof Gabriel

Maetze 补充说：“中国是个极其特殊

的特例，在人民币国际化上采取了缓

慢放开的政策。”但一旦中国经济达

到了可持续发展的水平，不仅对中国

本身，整个世界都将大获其益。

但是，这一过程不仅需要耗费时间，

还有许多事情有待完成，有许多要

学习吸收的知识。三一重工股份有

限公司副总裁贺东东解释道：“我们

仅花了 40 年时间就学到了发达国家

历经数百年才学会的东西。”对于发

达国家对中国提出的诸多批评，他

这样回应道：“你们一边在享用着价

格低廉的中国产品，一边又在大声

指责中国的种种不是这不公平。”

在促进世界贸易平衡方面，中国企

业管理者提出了一项建议：把先进

的技术卖给我们，把一流的服务卖

给我们，这样就能缩小贸易顺差了。

他们认为，中国是一个幅员辽阔、

人口居世界第一的大国，存在着巨

大的社会差异，对环境保护的需求

也很大。

南存辉说：“如果发达国家向中国

出口他们的先进技术，对平衡贸易

将有所帮助。” 德国商业银行执行管

理委员会成员也持相同看法：“说到

技术转让，中国市场的重要地位无

可比拟。”

中国希望对发展模式加以调整，并

把发展重心向西部迁移，重点发展

比发达的东部沿海地区落后许多的

西部内陆省份。这里蕴藏着巨大的

商业与投资机会。贺东东用自己的

话表达了希望外商前来投资的愿望：

“德国和其他欧洲国家的企业，如果

你们有意到中国来投资，那么西部

是最好的选择 – 那里有着 8 亿人的

庞大市场。” <<

João Aguiar Machado, European Commission, Steffen Klusmann, Financial Times Deutschland欧委会贸易总署副总署长 João Aguiar Machado，《德国金融时报》主编 Steffen Klusmann

He Dongdong, Sany Heavy Industries, Axel C. Heitmann, Lanxess AG, Nan Cunhui, CHINT Group, Christof Gabriel Maetze, Commerzbank AG (from top to bottom)三一重工股份有限公司副总裁贺东东，

朗盛公司董事长 Axel C. Heitmann，正泰

集团董事长南存辉，德国商业银行董事

会成员Christof Gabriel Maetze（从上至下）


城市化带来的机遇和挑战Urbanisation as a Challenge and an Opportunity

China has been the world’s largest urban nation since the late 1970s, and the

country has 140 cities with a population of over one million inhabitants, whereas the European Union has only 35. “In the last 30 years we moved ten million people to cities every year,” explained Chen Yueming, Executive Vice-President, State Grid Corporation of China, during the panel discussion ‘Urbanisation: Challenges and Strategies for Smart Growth in Cities’. And this development will continue: it is estimated that Chinese urban infrastructure will have to absorb an additional 300 to 500 million residents throughout the next 20 years. “More than 900 million people live in urban regions,” said Dr. Günter Schucher, Senior Research Fellow at the GIGA Institute of Asian Studies.

No question: this development requires sustainable solutions because it generates serious problems in housing and infrastructure, transportation, energy and water consumption and, last but not least, waste production. “If all Chinese people want to live like Europeans, then we will need three planets. If they want to live like Americans, we will need five,” predicted

Dr. Hannes Androsch, former Minister for Finance and Vice-Chancellor of Austria. So the most important question is: is smart growth possible? That’s a challenge and an opportunity!

“Providing smart energy is key to building a smart city,” Chen argued. And her company is very active in promoting the change. It already allows clean energy to be integrated into the grid that covers about 85 per cent of Chinese consumption. The plan is for renewables to provide one quarter of all energy. “China is the biggest investor in renewable energies, but no one recognises it,” remarked Zhang Wei-Wei, Professor of International Relations at Geneva School of Diplomacy and Fudan University in China.

Another big challenge is the traffic. “How can China prevent itself from becoming a car society?”, asked Gordon Orr, Chairman of McKinsey & Company in Asia. Chen told the audience that her company has already signed agreements with cities to support the use of electric cars. There is a five-year plan to build a network of charging stations in several pilot cities.

But besides this, China has to decide if it wants more public or more private transport. “There is a debate as to whether we should use the European or the US model, or even our own,” said Professor Tang Zilai, Head of the Department of Urban Planning at Tongji University. Cities are so crowded that the only way forward is public transport, he is convinced. And he believes people will also change their behaviour “because they haven’t yet paid the social cost, they only pay for the car.”

But the necessary change in traffic and energy consumption, as well as in water use and housing depends on modern technology. So Chen Yueming asked: “If you have the technology, please talk to us.“ Hannes Androsch responded on behalf of Europe: “We can provide some answers.” But it’s not only a question of technology and economic reform, it’s also a challenge for social and political reforms, Professor Tang mentioned: “In the next ten to twenty years there will be more social justice in Chinese society.” All that brought Gordon Orr to the conclusion: “I am very optimistic that the quality of urbanisation will increase.” <<

Chen Yueming, State Grid Corporation of China, Tang Zilai, Department of Urban Planning at Tongji University, Günter Schucher, GIGA Institute of Asian Studies (f.l.t.r.)中国国家电网公司执行副总裁陈月明，同济大学城市规划系主任唐子来教授，德国全球和区域研究中心（GIGA）亚洲研究所

高级研究员 Günter Schucher（从左至右）

自上世纪 70 年代以来中国已成为

世界最大的城市化国家，人口

超 100 万的城市已有 140 座，而欧盟

境内只有 35 座。国家电网公司副总

经理裁陈月明在“城市化：城市智

能发展的挑战与对策”专题讨论会

上发表讲话说：“过去 30 年里，我国

每年要新增 1000 万的城市人口。”今

后这一趋势将继续保持下去：据估

计，在未来 20 年里，中国的城市基

础设施建设还将吸引 3 亿 -5 亿人涌

入城市地区。德国全球和区域问题

研究中心（GIGA）亚洲研究所的高级

研究员 Günter Schucher 博士说：“城

市地区人口将超过 9 亿人。”

毋庸置疑的一点是：城市化的快速

发展势必要求可持续发展解决方案

的跟进，以应对在住房和基础设施、

交通、能源和用水以及废物再利用

上接踵而至的重大问题。奥地利前

财政部长兼副总理 Hannes Androsch

博士预测说：“如果 13 亿中国人都

像欧洲人那样生活，那么三个地球

都不够用；如果像美国人那样生活，

则需要五个地球的资源。”所以，当

前摆在面前最重要的问题是：城市

的智能化发展是否可行？这是机遇

与挑战并存的一个新课题！

陈月明认为：“提供智能能源是建

设智能城市的关键。”为此，国家电

网公司正在积极推进能源改革。现已

在覆盖国内约 85 % 用户的电网中纳

入了清洁能源。力争把可再生能源

占所有能源供应的比例提升至 1/4。

日内瓦大学外交与国际关系学院教

授、复旦大学客座教授张维为说：“实

际上中国已成为世界可再生能源最

大投资国，但很少有人知道这一点。”

另一个面临的重大挑战是交通。麦

肯锡亚太区董事长 Gordon Orr 发问

说：“中国如何避免成为汽车社会？”

陈月明告诉与会者，国家电网公司

已与国内城市签订合约，为电动车

的使用提供支持。他们已制订了五

年计划，将在多个试点城市建设电

动车充电站网络。

但除此之外，中国还必须在公共

交通和私人交通孰轻孰重的问题上

做出决定。同济大学城市规划系主

任唐子来教授说：“对于中国应仿效

欧洲还是美国的模式，亦或是建立

起中国独有的交通模式上仍存在争

议。”他相信，随着城市拥堵现象日

益严重，发展公共交通是唯一可行

的出路。而且他认为今后普通大众

将会改变出行习惯，“因为现在他们

只需要支付汽车相关费用，尚不需

要支付社会成本。”

然而，在交通、能耗以及用水和住

房上的必然变革是以现代化的技术

作为依托的。因此陈月明说道：“我

们欢迎拥有此类技术的企业与我们

合作。” Hannes Androsch 则作为欧洲

的代表做出回应：“我们能够帮助中

国提供一些解决之道。”但是，唐子

来教授提醒道，这不仅是涉及技术

与经济变革的问题，更是在社会与

政治改革上提出的挑战：“未来 10

－ 20 年里，在中国社会将感受到

更多的社会公正。”基于以上因素，

Gordon Orr 一言以蔽之：“我坚信未来

的城市化质量将不断得到提高。” <<

Hannes Androsch, former Austrian Minister for Finance and Vice-Chancellor, Zhang Wei-wei, Geneva School of Diplomacy and Fudan University in China, Gordon Orr, McKinsey & Company (f.l.t.r.)奥地利前财政部长兼副总理 Hannes Androsch，日内瓦大学外交与国际关系学院教授、复旦大学客座教授张维为，

麦肯锡公司亚洲区董事长 Gordon Orr（从左至右）


应对人口结构变化Coping with demographic Changes

On its way to a modern society, China is going to experience the same

problems as other mature economies, especially in Western Europe: a rapid demographic change towards an ageing society. “In 2000, we had a population of 130 million above 60 years of age, in 2040 it will be more than 400 million,” Dr. Ding Lieming, Chairman of Zhejiang Beta Pharma Co. Ltd., Hangzhou, described during the panel discussion ‘Economic Challenges of Ageing Societies’. This is the result of normal demographic changes in developing countries, and especially the one-child policy in China. So moderator Christoph Keese asked, “What can China learn from Germany in this respect? And what can companies do?”

But before discussing proposals, some panellists mentioned that what the figures show cannot be seen in the reality of business. “For US companies, it is striking to see how young the Chinese managers are,” Lilly Chung, Partner at Deloitte LLP, San Jose, remarked. And Ling Haifeng, Vice President for the European Region at Huawei Technologie, added: “We are

a young company with young staff. The average age of our more than 100,000 employees is 28.”

Nevertheless, the ageing society is becoming a matter of fact in China. The panellists agreed that in spite of the strong economic growth in China, there will be pressure on the financial side due to the growth of the elderly population. Eberhard Sautter, Board Member of the insurance group HanseMerkur, explained: “This has considerable effects on social security. In addition, private insurance systems have to be set up.” In order to cope with the problem, China should introduce private insurance systems soon.

In the health sector, Dr. Ding is expecting strong growth in China. The market for pharmaceutical products is growing by 20 per cent per year China offers a lot of opportunities to multinational companies supplying pharmaceutical products and medical equipment. The panellists confirmed the impacts of ageing societies on management styles, product development and human-resources management as well. Ling Haifeng added:

“We are thinking about special products for older consumers and will enhance the quality according to their expectations.”

The demographic development in China offers huge opportunities for suppliers. As China changes from a place for cheap production to a place for innovation, most of the new products will come from China. It will produce cars, planes, and other sophisticated industrial products, and construct houses. But this will also increase the demand for state-of-the-art machinery from Germany.

The panellists also discussed the main weaknesses of China: a lack of basic education, the knowledge gap, a lack of natural resources, and environmental problems. Asked what his advice to the Chinese government would be, Sautter proposed: “Improve the capability to change.” Ling Haifeng listed the following points: “Learn how to solve the problem as early as possible from European governments, reduce the problems that have been created by the large export-oriented production, and start exporting intelligence instead of products.” <<

在向现代化社会迈进的过程中，

中国不可避免地将遇到其他成

熟的发达经济体曾遇到过的同样的

问题，特别是西欧：即人口结构将急

速向老龄化社会转变。位于杭州的

浙江贝达药业有限公司董事长丁列

明博士在“老龄化社会的经济挑战”

专题讨论会上说道：“2000 年时中国

60 岁以上老年人有 1.3 亿人，而到

2040 年将超过 4 亿人。”这是发展中

国家经历正常的人口结构变化的结

果，特别是在实行计划生育的中国。

针对这一问题，会议主持人 Christoph

Keese 问道：“在这方面中国能从德国

身上吸取哪些经验？而企业又能为

此做些什么呢？”

但在就提案展开讨论之前，一些小

组成员提出，虽然字面数据显示老

龄化程度在加剧，但在实际的商业

社会里并未反映出来。德勤有限公

司（圣何塞）合伙人 Lilly Chung 说道：

“如今中国企业管理者的年轻程度令

美国企业感到吃惊。”华为技术有限

公司欧洲区副总裁凌海峰补充说：

“华为是一家以年轻人组成的年轻的

公司。我们 10 万多名员工的平均年

龄在 28 岁。”

尽管如此，老龄化社会正在中国日

益成为不争的事实。小组成员们一

致认为，虽然中国经济发展蒸蒸日

上，但老年人群的日益庞大将给国

家经济带来重负。HanseMerkur 保险

集团董事会成员 Eberhard Sautter 解释

说：“老龄化对社会保障的影响十分

巨大。除此之外，建立完善的私人

保险体系也势在必行。”要应对老龄

化带来的问题，中国应尽快引入私

人保险体制。

在医疗方面，丁列明博士预期中国

的医疗市场将显现迅猛的发展势头。

目前中国的制药产品市场的年增速

达到 20 %。中国对跨国药品和医疗

设备供应商十分欢迎，为他们提供

了大量的机会。小组成员也对老龄

化社会对企业在管理方式、产品开

发和人力资源管理上的影响给予认

同。凌海峰补充说：“我们正在考虑

为老年消费者定制特殊产品，根据

他们的期望提升产品品质。”

中国社会在人口结构上的变迁为

供应商带来了前所未有的巨大机会。

随着中国从廉价的“中国制造”向

独具创新的“中国创造”转变，今

后中国企业在产品创新上将占据重

要地位。中国在汽车、飞机和其他

高精尖工业产品制造上将大放异彩，

住房建设也如火如荼。在这一趋势

下，对享誉世界的德国产先进机械

设备的需求也将与日俱增。

小组成员们还就中国存在的主要

弊端进行了探讨：基础教育不完善，

知识缺口大，自然资源匮乏，环境

问题突出。当被问及对中国政府有

何建议时 Sautter 说道：“在变革能力

上有待提升。”凌海峰则提出了这样

的建议：“设法尽快解决与欧洲国家

存在的争端，减少因过分倚重出口

导向型生产带来的问题，同时用智

识出口取代产品出口。” <<

Lilly Chung, Deloitte LLP, and Christoph Keese, Axel Springer AG, discuss demographic challenges德勤有限公司合伙人钟静娴和 Axel Springer 公司公共事务总裁 Christoph Keese 探讨人口结构变化带来的挑战

Ding Lieming, Zhejiang Beta Pharma Co. Ltd., Eberhard Sautter, HanseMerkur Versicherungsgruppe, Ling Haifeng, Huawei Technologies (f.l.t.r.)浙江贝达药业有限公司董事长丁列明，HanseMerkur 保险集团董事会成员 Eberhard Sautter，华为技术有限公司欧洲区副总裁

凌海峰（从左至右）


中国未来的作用The future Role of China

Alongside the United States and Europe, China has an increasing influence on

global policy and is needed to cooperate in tackling common challenges. But what kind of role can China play and – more importantly – what kind of role will it play? What does it mean to have a ‘strategic partnership’ between Europe and China? Are the Chinese able to set their own rules? While the European Union is unable to find a common position, the US president lost power in the midterm elections.

“Foreign policy is always driven by interests,” Dr. Michael Schaefer, German Ambassador to China, explained. Values, for instance, are of core interest for Europe. China and the US also have different core interests. The question is how to deal with these interests. And even if the Europeans don’t speak with one voice, neither the US president nor the Chinese leaders can go their own way. The politicians have to find rules to deal with the very different interests, and these rules have to be the result of negotiations by all. “We have to find international legal standards and a legal framework,” Dr. Schaefer demanded.

On the other hand, Professor Eberhard Sandschneider, Otto Wolff-Director of the German Council on Foreign Relations, argued: “That is not only a matter of will, but also of power.” And what is the position of Europe and the US in the rule-setting agenda? Don’t the Europeans always just deal with themselves? If Sandschneider is right, the question is what is power, and how is it determined?

In the 20th century of course, it was military power, in the 21st it will be replaced by economic power and soft power. And economic power will be determined by the capacity to reform, while soft power determines the image that countries will have. Lilly Chung, Partner at Deloitte LLP, has no doubt: “The US is still the world power and Europe is a key player in the world economy.”

But there is still a lot to do if China and Europe are to become powerful partners in the new multipolar world. The Europeans need to build a union that speaks with one voice, and they have only a few years to achieve that. “If China is not more successful in developing a positive

image, it will have difficulties,” Dr. Schaefer predicted. These conditions have to be fulfilled to get the players in the world we need, players who can make a contribution to solving global problems and players who want to be involved in this process.

“Coordination means that each country has to play its role,” Hu Shuli, Publisher and Editor-in-Chief of Caixin Media, explained, “and China’s role is to help reform the International Monetary Fund and other international institutions.” The panellists agreed that the world needs new formal institutions because the global problems have to be solved by international organisations like the IMF and United Nations. But to be effective in the 21st century they have to be reformed. Furthermore, world leaders need to be much more creative in building new decision-making processes. “The world has to change in its totality of institutions,” the German Ambassador claimed. And in this process, the EU can play a special role, Hu Shuli argued: “Europe can be an intermediate between the US and China.” <<

比肩欧美国家，中国在国际政策

上的影响力与日俱增，并成为

世界各国联手应对共同挑战的重要

合作伙伴。然而，中国在国际舞台

上能够发挥哪种作用 – 更重要的是

– 今后又将切实发挥着哪种作用？

中国和欧洲建立“战略伙伴关系”

具体意味着什么？中国人是否能建

立起属于自己的一套规则？在当前

欧盟各国立场存在分歧、美国总统

奥巴马为首的民主党在中期选举中

失势的情况下，中国的作用显得尤

为重要起来。

德国驻华大使 Michael Schaefer 博士

解释道：“任何外交政策都是以利益

为驱使的。”比如对欧洲来说，价值

观就是其核心利益。中国和美国则

各有自己的核心利益。问题在于如

何调和这些不同的利益。纵使抛开

立场不一的欧洲诸国不谈，美国总

统或中国领导者也无法按自己的意

愿独自行动。各国政要们必须在各方

友好协商的前提下，找到可以调和

不同利益冲突的有效法则。Schaefer

博士呼吁：“我们必须在国际层面建

立起一致的法律标准和法律框架。”

另一方面，德国外交关系委员会华

尔夫研究所所长 Eberhard Sandschneider

教授则主张：“要实现这一目标，仅

有良好的意愿是不够的，更需要实

力的支撑。”那么，欧美国家在制订

国际法则上持何种立场？难道欧洲

人历来只关心自己的天下，从不过

问外部事务吗？如果 Sandschneider 的

看法是正确的，那么问题在于所谓

的“实力”具体指什么，其决定因

素又是什么？

当然，如果放在 20 世纪的话，这

指的是军事力量，而进入 21 世纪后

将被经济实力和软实力所取代。经

济实力将取决于变革的能力，而软

实力对一国在国际上的形象起着决

定性的作用。德勤有限公司合伙人

Lilly Chung 断言说：“美国仍是世界强

国，而欧洲则在世界经济中扮演着

重要的角色。”

但是，中国和欧洲若要在新格局的

多极世界里成为强有力的合作伙伴，

仍需在很多方面加强努力。欧洲国

家需要建立起一个立场统一的联盟，

并且要在短短数年间完成这一任务。

Schaefer 博士预测说：“如果中国未

能成功树立起更为积极的国际形象，

那么将难以在国际事务中获得更大

的发言权。”只有满足这些条件，才

能让我们需要的合作伙伴参与到国

际事务中，他们能够为解决国际性

问题出谋划策，且有着强烈的合作

意愿。

财新传媒总发行人兼总编胡舒立说

道：“国际协作意味着每个国家都要

各尽其责。而中国的职责是帮助推

进国际货币基金组织（IMF）和其他

国际性机构的改革。”小组成员们一

致认为，有必要建立起正式的国际

性机构，因为全球性问题需要通过

IMF 和联合国这样有影响力的国际性

组织来解决。但这些机构必须实施

变革才能顺应 21 世纪的要求。此外，

国际政要们在建立新的决策过程时

应开放思路，更有创造力。德国驻

华大使 Michael Schaefer 博士说道：“国

际社会必须对所有的国际性机构实

施一场变革。” 胡舒立认为，欧盟在

这一过程中可以发挥其特殊的作用：

“欧洲能够扮演在美国和中国之间穿

梭的中间人角色。” <<

Hu Shuli, Caixin Media, and Eberhard Sandschneider, German Council on Foreign Relations, venture a look ahead财新传媒有限公司主编胡舒立和德国对外关系委员会的 Eberhard Sandschneider 大胆展望未来

Lilly Chung, Deloitte LLP, and German Ambassador to China, Michael Schaefer, discuss the triangle of power德勤有限公司合伙人钟静娴和德国驻华大使 Michael Schaefer 探讨国际力量三角关系


两大奖项促进彼此了解Two Awards for a better Understanding

In Hamburg harbour’s oldest maintained warehouse, which today is home to the

International Maritime Museum, Conference Chairman Nikolaus W. Schües welcomed participants of the ‘Hamburg Summit’ to the traditional bestowal of the ‘China–Europe Friendship Award’ and the ‘China–Europe Sustainability Award’. “The place is closely linked to China,” Schües told the audience in his welcome speech.

The former Deputy Prime Minister and First Member of State in the United Kingdom, Lord Michael Heseltine, described in his keynote speech his rich personal experience with China over the last 40 years. When he became Minister for Aerospace and Shipping in 1972, the government wanted to create links to China, and a year later he organised an exhibition in England. “We opened the doors and the visitors flew in,” Heseltine remembered. His impression was they all knew where to go and what to ask.

At that time China already knew what it wanted and what ought to happen in the following decades. This was clear, because in his discussions with them he always heard the words enterprise, change, competition, opening up. Today he fully

appreciates what the Chinese achieved: “No country has ever achieved this transformation masterminded by a central government. It is a big chance for Western countries to become involved.”

In this sense, the ‘Friendship Award’ honours special commitments to the EU-China relationship. In his presentation of the winner, Dr. Michael Schaefer, German Ambassador to China, said China and the EU are strong partners, but there is a gap in perception that can be dangerous for the relationship. “We need strong people to bring China and the EU closer together,” Schaefer said. And Professor Xu Kuangdi, the winner of the 2010 ‘Friendship Award’, is just such a person, having strengthened ties between China and the EU last year.

As Mayor of Shanghai, for instance, he improved the partnership between Hamburg and his town, which has its 25th anniversary in 2011. “Professor Xu has been a catalyst for understanding each other, creating trust and avoiding false and semi-false perceptions,” said Schaefer in praise of the award winner. Professor Xu replied by saying that the hospitality “always makes me feel at home here.” All his work is geared towards making the

EU-Chinese relationship a long-lasting one. Xu added: “In China we have very deep feelings for the German people.” He then explained how the Chinese regard the Germans: “When they say ‘yes’ things are fixed. But when they mention that ‘we have problems’, you have to speak with them.”

The second winner of the evening was Dr. Martin Brudermüller, Member of the Board of Executive Directors of BASF SE, who received the ‘Sustainability Award’. In her laudation, Dr. Christine Loh, Chief Executive Officer of Civic Exchange, said: “He is a chemist, but he is also very much more than that. He is the sort of manager every company would be pleased to have.” In Asia he is a very famous person, Loh added, because his work is at the forefront of innovation.

Brudermüller stressed in his answer that “Sustainability is the licence to operate for almost all companies today.” And sustainability in his sense is multidimensional: it is not only a must for the economy, but also in relations with China. Brudermüller declared: “It is my task to contribute to sustainability in the relations between my country and my company and China.” <<

在汉堡港历史最悠久的码头仓库

里（现已成为国际海事博物馆

所在地），会议主席 Nikolaus W. Schües

向前来参加作为“汉堡峰会”传统

奖项的“中国 – 欧洲友谊奖”和“中

国 – 欧洲可持续发展奖”颁奖仪式

的嘉宾们表示了热烈的欢迎。

Schües 在向观众们致欢迎辞时说：

“这里与中国有着源远流长的关系。”

英国前副首相和 Lord Michael Heseltine

在基调演说中讲述了他本人与中国

打交道 40 多年来的丰富感受。早在

1972 年他出任英国航空和海运部部

长时，政府就有意与中国建立起联

系，时隔一年之后，他在国内主办了

一届以此为主题的展览会。Heseltine

回忆说：“我们打开了国门，迎接来

自中国的广大游客。”令他印象颇深

的是，中国游客们对英国的各大景

点和想了解的事情似乎都了如指掌。

当时，中国对未来几十年国家的发

展方向已经有了明确的认识。在他

与中国人的谈话中可以清楚地感受

到这一点，开拓进取、变革、竞争、

开放，这些词汇总是被不断地提起。

而今，他对中国已经取得的成绩感

到由衷的高兴：“没有一个国家的中

央政府像中国那样富有成效地策划

了国家经济的成功转型。这为西方

国家参与中国的建设提供了前所未

有的机会。”

就这一层面来讲，“友谊奖”应

当授予对欧中关系做出特殊贡献的

人。颁奖嘉宾德国驻华大使 Michael

Schaefer 博士说道，中国和欧洲是强

大的合作伙伴，但在认知上尚存在

的一些差距可能对彼此的关系构成

威胁。Schaefer 说：“因此我们需要依

靠有影响力的人物让中国和欧洲更

紧密地团结在一起。”2010 年度“友

谊奖”得主徐匡迪教授就是这样的

人，他在过去一年里在推动加强中

欧联系上做出了不遗余力的贡献。

比如，在上海市长任上时，徐匡迪

积极致力于增进汉堡和上海之间的

合作与交流，2011 年是上海和汉堡

缔结友好城市 25 周年庆。Schaefer 在

致颁奖词时说：“徐匡迪教授在增进

彼此了解和互信、消融误会上起到

了催化剂的作用。”作为回应，徐匡

迪教授说道，殷勤好客的德国人“总

是令我感受到家人般的亲切。”他所

做的一切努力都是为了一个目标，

就是确保欧中关系的长久稳固。徐

匡迪补充说：“中国人民对德国人民

有着深厚的感情。”他这样描述德国

人给中国人留下的印象：“他们说一

不二，说到做到，有问题绝不遮遮

掩掩，开诚布公地拿出来讨论。”

当晚颁出的另一个奖项“可持续发

展奖”的得主是巴斯夫集团执行董

事会成员 Martin Brudermüller 博士。思

汇政策研究所首席执行官陆恭蕙博

士在致颁奖词时说：“虽然他是一名

化学家，但他所做的贡献远远超越

了化学领域。他正是所有企业求贤

若渴的那类顶尖的管理人才。”陆恭

蕙补充说，凭借众多的尖端科技创

新成果，Martin Brudermüller 博士在亚

洲享有很高的知名度。

Brudermüller 在回应中强调说“可持

续发展已成为当今几乎所有企业的

经营方略。”而他眼中的可持续发展

意味着多方面的齐头并进：我们不

仅要实现经济上的可持续发展，对

于欧中关系也是一样。Brudermüller 说

道：“推动德国以及巴斯夫集团与中

国保持可持续的长久关系，是我的

职责和使命。” <<

Christine Loh, Civic Exchange, and awardee Martin Brudermüller, BASF SE, at the International Maritime Museum Hamburg思汇政策研究所 CEO 陆恭蕙和获奖者巴斯夫集团执行董事会成员 Martin Brudermüller 参观汉堡国际海事博物馆

Salut Salon, a fresh and sparkling ladies’ quartet, brought the audience to the boil, former Deputy Prime Minister and First Member of State, U. K., Lord Michael Heseltine, Michael Schaefer, German Ambassador to China, and awardee Xu Kuangdi, CFIE (from top to bottom) 年轻而又才华出众的 Salut Salon 女子四

重奏组合令全场为之沸腾，英国前副

首相和第一秘书长 Michael Heseltine 爵

士，德国驻华大使 Michael Schaefer 和

获奖者中国工经联（CFIE）会长徐匡迪

（从上至下）


待开垦的“金矿”A Pocket full of Money

After the export-driven growth of the Chinese economy in the last

few decades, the government is trying to rebalance the economy and increase domestic demand. Currently, private consumption in China accounts for only 35 per cent of GDP, compared to more than 70 per cent in the US. Consumption is expected to increase due to the emerging new urban middle class. “Our pockets are fuller and we are ready to spend the money,” Zhu Jimin, Chairman of the Shougang Group, predicted on the panel about China’s domestic market, moderated by Matthias Nass, then Deputy Editor-in-Chief, DIE ZEIT.

James C. Wei, Executive Board Member for Asia at Beiersdorf, believes that “We will benefit from the domestic growth in China.” Even exclusive business will grow in China, James Siano, CEO of Montblanc, is convinced. “In two years we will have 100 million people, the potential is much higher than in the west,” he said.

But why does the economy need a new balance if China is still doing well in exports? We have to meet the needs of the people”,” Zhu explained, and when income increases, needs also increase.” China always has been an economy of shortages,

he said, and now they have to close the gap between demand and supply and serve the domestic market. That is the direction to go in, because Wei is convinced that the size of the middle class will triple within the next ten years.

But the government is worried about the big differences in China. We have very rich people and we have very poor people, that’s not safe,” Liu Qizhong, Director of the Board of Shanghai Zhenhua Heavy Industry Co. Ltd., argued. And there is also a huge gap between developed south-eastern regions and poor western provinces. The government has made 18 regional development plans to encourage investments in the west. Some progress is visible – companies have moved towards the west and many workers are also going back, Zhu said.

But there are still some problems to overcome if China is to attract investments from foreign companies in the west. One is corruption, which has very high social costs. Another one is protection of intellectual property rights. “The government is working harder than ever before to protect not only foreign companies, but more and more Chinese companies too,” Zhu Jimin explained.

But the biggest challenge for European companies is to find highly trained people to do business in China. “If you talk to engineers you have to talk Chinese,” Dietmar Harting, Chairman of DKE German Commission for Electrical, Electronics & Information Technologies of DIN and VDE, accepts. His company has a long history in China, and when he went to the country “I studied history and culture, too.” It is a must, he believes, in order to be successful abroad.

In spite of these problems, the panellists agreed that China has no alternative to developing its domestic market and enhancing its economy. Through this process it will change from the factory of the world to a competitor of companies from developed economies – inside and outside the Chinese market. “China will go up the value chain,” James Siano explained “and the nation as a whole learns very quickly.”

James C. Wei is looking forward to what he thinks will happen: “In a few years, you will see young ladies in Shanghai who spend more than 30 per cent of their income on beauty products.” <<

在过去几十年中国经历出口依赖

型的经济发展方式后，中国政

府开始设法调整经济结构，更多地

以扩大内需为主。目前，中国的私

人消费仅占国家 GDP 的 35 %，远低

于美国的 70 % 以上。随着城市中产

阶级的迅速崛起，将极大地推动消

费的增长。在时任《德国时代周报》

副主编 Matthias Nass 主持的“ 中国

的国内市场及其与世界经济的关联”

的专题讨论会上，首钢集团公司董

事长朱继民做出预期：“中国消费者

的钱袋开始鼓起来了，我们的购买

力越来越强了。”

拜尔斯道夫公司亚洲区执行董事

会成员 James C. Wei 相信“我们都将

从中国本国市场的发展中获益。”即

使在中国的业务专营化发展趋势下，

万宝龙公司首席执行官 James Siano

依然深信不疑。他说：“再过两年，

我们的消费人群将突破 1 亿人，中

国市场在奢侈品上的购买潜力远远

高于西方国家。”

但是，既然中国在出口方面大获成

功，为何还需要对经济结构进行调

整呢？对此朱继民的说法是：“我们

必须满足普通大众的需要，而随着

老百姓收入水平的提高，他们的需

求也相应提高。”他说，中国始终处

在短缺经济的困扰之下，现在是时候

填补供求差异、大力服务本国市场了。

在 James C. Wei 看来这是一个绝对正

确的发展方向，因为他坚信中国的中

产阶级规模在未来十年里将翻三倍。

但中国政府对当前国内巨大的贫富

差距感到忧心忡忡。上海振华重工

（集团）股份有限公司董事刘启中认

为：“穷人很穷，富人很富，这极易

引起社会的不安定。”此外，发达的

东南沿海地区和落后的西部内陆省

份也存在着巨大的差距。政府已出

台了 18 项西部地区发展规划，鼓励

社会资金投入西部。朱继民说，这

一政策收效明显 – 已经有许多企业

纷纷到西部投资，农民工也随之向

中西部回流。

但中国若要吸引外商到西部投资，

仍有一些问题有待克服。首先就是

官僚腐败，这已造成了巨大的社会

成本浪费。其次是对知识产权的保

护。朱继民说道：“政府比以往任何

时候更重视对知识产权的保护，不

仅是对外国公司，还日益将更多的

本土企业纳入进来。”

另一方面，在华经商的欧洲企业面

临的最大挑战是找到高资质的本土

员工。由 DKE 德国 DIN 与 VDE 电子，

电气及信息技术委员会主席 Dietmar

Har ting 表示认同：“当你与本国的工

程人员交谈时，你必须说中文。”DKE

扎根于中国市场已有很长一段时间

了，当他最初来到中国时“我对中

国的历史与文化做了一番研究。”在

他看来，要在异国获得成功，了解

当地的文化是必不可少的。

尽管存在种种问题，但小组成员们

一致认为，中国只有发展本国市场

和提升经济实力这一条路可走。只

有通过这一过程，中国才能摆脱世

界工厂的形象，培养出一批在国内

外市场上都能与发达国家同行相抗

衡的本国企业。James Siano 说：“中

国将向价值链上游挺进，整个中华

民族的学习速度十分之快。”

James C. Wei 对他所预期的未来充满

了期待：“再过几年，你将会看到上

海的女孩子们把收入的 30 % 以上都

用来购买美容品。” <<

Liu Qizhong, Shanghai Zhenhua Heavy Industry Co. Ltd., James Siano, Montblanc International上海振华重工（集团）股份有限公司董事刘启中，万宝龙公司首席执行官 James Siano

Zhu Jimin, Shougang Group, Dietmar Harting, DKE German Commission for Electrical, Electronics & Information Technologies of DIN and VDE, James C. Wei, Beiersdorf AG (f.l.t.r.)首钢集团公司董事长朱继民，DKE 德国 DIN 与 VDE 电子、电器及信息技术委员会主席 Dietmar Harting，拜尔斯道夫公司亚洲

区执行董事会成员 James C. Wei（从左至右）


有差距，但也有希望 A Gap and a Hope

In its transformation from an agriculture-based to an industrialised country, China

became the world’s factory. The economy is now driven by low-end production and cheap exports into the world’s markets. The service sector did not contribute to this development – it makes up only 40 per cent of the GDP, much less than in developed economies like those of the EU or US. Services in China are even smaller than in India, the other fast-growing economy in Asia.

But on the other hand: “What is the fastest-growing industry in China?”, Professor Thomas Straubhaar asked the participants in the panel discussion ‘China’s Service Sector’. His answer was: the service sector, which doubled in the last two decades. There is no doubt “it should be the engine for growth in the future,” Yao Shenhong, Executive Vice Chairman of the China Association of Trade in Services, added. “Service is definitely China’s future industry,” argued engineering graduate Hamad Buamin, Director General of the Dubai Chamber of Commerce & Industry, whose country is building a service economy in preparation for the time after the oil runs out.

All the talk is about high- ranking services like banking, insurance, tele-communication, tourism and transporta-tion. “There is a gap and there is a hope,” Zhang Jianwei, Executive Director and President of Sinotrans, commented. In shipping and ports China is already a major player, but behind this success there are missing elements. “Still even today it is not possible for us to move goods from one port to another along the coast,” Jan Boje Steffens, CEO of the German shipping company Rickmers, criticised.

There are still a lot of obstacles, such as institutional restrictions and cultural barriers. “Each sector has a long agenda to discuss,” Yao said, and in particular “education is one of the factors that prevent a rapid development of these sectors.” If China wants to improve the quality of services, it has to open up, to cooperate with partners from abroad and to learn from them, all the panellists agreed. And sending people abroad to learn is also necessary.

On the other hand, they confirmed that the country is making a big effort. For instance, it is trying to develop its exhibition industry. “All provinces are busy developing these services, in the west, six towns are working on exhibition halls,” Wang Runsheng, Deputy Director General of the China Foreign Trade Centre, said. In addition, “banking has developed quite well since China joined the World Trade Organisation in 2001,” Jens Ruebbert, Vice President of the European Union Chamber of Commerce in China, is convinced. “It is a good sign that China wants to develop Shanghai into a financial centre by 2020,” Ruebbert added.

With this in mind, he warned: “Don’t put too much pressure on China, because other countries needed decades for the development of a high-level service industry.” <<

在从农业国家向工业化国家转型

的过程中，中国成为了世界工

厂。当前的国家经济是以低端制造

和廉价出口作为推动力的。而服务

领域未在这一过程中发挥作用 – 其

在 GDP 中所占比例尚不足 40 %，远

低于欧美等发达国家。而且，中国

服务业的规模也不及作为亚洲另一

大快速发展经济体的印度。

Thomas Straubhaar 教授在“中国的服

务业”专题讨论会上对与会者说道，

但换个角度来看，“在中国发展最快

的是什么行业？”他的答案是服务

业，其规模在过去二十年里已经翻

了一番。中国服务贸易协会常务副

会长姚申洪补充道，毫无疑问“服

务业将成为未来增长的引擎。”“服

务业必将成为代表中国未来的明日

产业”，毕业于工程系的迪拜工商会

总干事 Hamad Buamin 也如是说，迪

拜现正在发展服务型经济，以应对

石油资源日益枯竭的局面。

诸如银行、保险、电信、旅游和交

通这类的高级服务业成为了讨论的

焦点。中国外运股份有限公司执行

董事兼总裁张建卫认为：“差距是存

在的，但希望依然巨大。” 中国的海

运和港口事业保持着快速增长势头，

向海运强国建设，但在成功背后仍存

在不足。德国船运公司 Rickmers 的主

理合伙兼首席执行官 Jan Boje Steffens

说道：“直至今日，我们仍无法把货

物从一个港口沿海岸直接运至另一

个港口。”

在发展上依然面临着重重阻碍，比

如制度约束和文化障碍。姚申洪说

道：“无论哪个行业都有一大堆问题

需要讨论解决”，其中尤为突出的是，

“教育上的落后已成为阻碍这些行业

快速发展的绊脚石。”如果中国要提

高国内服务业的水准和质量，就必

须开放思路，向国外同行取经，与

他们展开交流合作，这席话得到了

所有与会者的一致认同。此外，派

员到国外考察学习也是必不可少的。

另一方面，他们也对中国通过各种

手段和措施正在积极做出的努力给

予了认同。中国现正在大力发展的

会展业就是一个很好的例子。中国

对外贸易中心副主任王润生说：“如

今全国各省都在发展会展服务，在

西部地区，有六座城市正在紧锣密

鼓地建设展览活动场所。”除此之外，

中国欧盟商会副总裁 Jens Ruebbert 认

为“自 2001 年中国加入世贸组织后，

国内银行业发展势头迅猛。”他补充

道：“中国政府力争到 2020 年把上海

打造成国际金融中心，这是国家重

视银行业的好兆头。”

在此背景下，他告诫说：“不要给

中国施加太大压力，不要忘了，其他

发达国家高水准的服务行业是经历

了数十年的发展才建立起来的。” <<

Jan Boje Steffens, Rickmers Holding GmbH & Cie. KG, Hamad Buamin, Dubai Chamber of Commerce & Industry, Wang Runsheng, China Foreign Trade Centre, Thomas Straubhaar, Hamburg Institute of International Economics (from top to bottom)

Rickmers 控股公司CEO Jan Boje Steffens，迪拜工商会总干事 Hamad Buamin，

中国对外贸易中心副主任王润生，

汉堡世界经济研究所主任 Thomas

Straubhaar（从上至下）

The panellists discuss the further opening of China’s service sector讨论小组成员探讨进一步开放中国的服务行业

Zhang Jianwei, SINOTRANS Ltd., Thomas Straubhaar, Jens Ruebbert, European Union Chamber of Commerce in China, Yao Shenhong, CATIS (f.l.t.r.)中国外运股份有限公司总裁张建卫，Thomas Straubhaar，中国欧盟商会副会长 Jens Ruebbert，中国服务贸易协会常务副会长

姚申洪（从左至右）


平衡绿色与发展A green Balance for the Economy

Due to climate change and limited fossil energy resources, economies not only

have to change their energy mix but also have to transform the entire industrial production to eco-friendly technologies. “We only have one world, industry has learned that,” one panellist argued at the beginning of the panel dicussion ‘Green for Growth’. So it is a major task, at least for industrialised countries, to reduce waste of basic materials. And there is no doubt that “Our traditional growth model cannot be transferred to China,” the moderator, Dr. Doris Fischer, Senior Economist at the German Development Institute, added.

But how can China and other countries achieve this transformation? And how can European countries participate in this development? “The challenge is to improve living standards in China,” Xu Lejiang, Chairman of Baosteel Group Corporation, believes. He has a model for the development of an economy with several steps in mind: in the beginning, an economy is poor and clean, the second step means growing GDP and growing pollution. In the third step, you have a modern society that is rich but polluting.

China may be anywhere between these two positions. It is a result of industrialisation and the same process that is seen in industrialised countries, where pollution was also very high a few years ago – and still is in some cases. China, just like other developed and developing nations, has to find the conditions for the final step, according to Xu’s argumentation: “Then the economy is clean and rich, the GDP is very high, and the country imports the dirty stuff like steel and cement.”

“How can profits be made in rebalancing the economy?”, asked Dr. Christine Loh, Chief Executiv Officer of Civic Exchange. This question is very important because “ reducing consumption is a matter of incentives,” Wolfgang Rosenbauer, Chief Representative of NXP Semiconductors, argued. It is a matter for industry and companies to force them to stop wasting resources and fossil energy, because the technical possibilities are often available but not used sufficiently – and profit is the best incentive for companies all over the world.

The government is also very important in this field, as the example of e-mobility in Germany proves. “Germany struggles in

the field of e-mobility, and the government has a very decisive role in pushing the technology,” Brigitte Wolff, Managing Director of Management Engineers China Co. Ltd, argued. She is convinced that this is one reason that the state capitalism in China makes the development easier. “Profit, political goals and people are the three new Ps of high importance,” Christine Loh believes.

At the end of the day, people make the difference. Consumers ask for products that damage the environment. “80 per cent of the population wants a modern life, which requires resources,” Chairman Xu said. But there is a necessity for change. And Doris Fischer asked: “Can we prevent negative behaviour and show people what the benefits will be in 20 years?”

So, there is also a need for politicians to give incentives, otherwise there will not only be a problem with pollution, but also a global war over materials. “We are facing a new road for industrialisation and modernisation,” Xu explained, and is optimistic about its success: “In the next 30 years, the balance between the economy and the environment will be found.” <<

随着全球气候变化和化石能源资

源的日益枯竭，世界各国除必

须对能源组合加以调整外，把整个

工业生产向生态友好技术转型也成

为了当务之急。一位小组成员在“以

绿色求发展”专题讨论会开始时提

醒道：“我们只有一个地球，业界已

经清楚地认识到了这一点。”因此，

至少对工业化国家来说，减少基础

材料上的浪费是摆在眼前的根本任

务。会议主持人、来自德国发展研

究院的高级经济学家 Doris Fischer 博

士补充说，有一点是毋庸置疑的，“我

们不能把传统的增长模式再套用到

中国身上。”

但是，中国和世界其他国家如何才

能实现这一转型？欧洲国家又能如

何在这一发展过程中发挥作用？宝

钢集团公司董事长徐乐江认为：“中

国当前的挑战是大力提升人民的生

活水平。”他提出了一个国家在发展

过程中经历的多步骤模式：处于第

一步时，这个经济体比较贫穷落后，

污染也较少；进入第二步后，GDP 开

始增长，污染也随之增长。而到了

第三步，一个富裕的现代化社会已

经形成，同时也成为了污染大国。

现时的中国可能正处于上述前两

者之间的某一发展阶段。这是中国

的工业化进程和与老牌工业化国家

曾经历的同一发展过程的必然结果，

就在数年前这些发达国家的工业化

污染还十分严重 – 即使在今天也未

完全得到改善。在徐乐江看来，和

其他所有的发达及发展中国家一样，

中国也必须为进入最后的发展步骤

做好准备：“到那时，整个国家既富

裕污染又少，GDP 水平非常之高，而

诸如钢材和水泥这类污染大的材料

都从国外进口。”

思汇政策研究所首席执行官

Christine Loh 博士问道：“在经济重新

平衡的局面下如何获取利润？”恩

智浦半导体公司首席代表 Wolfgang Rosenbauer 认为这一问题至关重要，

因为“要减少能源消耗就离不开激

励机制。”必须强制各个行业和企业

停止对资源和化石能源的浪费，因

为在新能源上的技术可能性总是存

在的，但却未得到充分有效的利用

– 而获取利润对任何企业来说都是

最好的激励因素。

政府在这方面也扮演着十分重要的

角色，从德国发展电动交通的事例

上就可以得到验证。明一企业管理

咨询（上海）有限公司总经理 Brigitte

Wolff 说道：“德国在电动交通的发展

中摸索前行，而政府在其中起着十

分重要的决定性作用。”她深信，中

国式国家资本主义将使中国的这一

转型实施起来更加顺畅。Christine Loh

相信：“商业盈利、政治目标和公共

需求构成了极为重要的新的三大支

柱。”

最后也是最重要的，公众才是改变

一切的决定性要素。消费者用来改

善生活的许多产品对环境有着不利

的影响。徐乐江说：“世界上有 80 %

的人都希望过上现代化的生活，这

就需要耗费大量的资源。”但变革已

经势在必行。Doris Fischer 发问道：“我

们能否杜绝破坏环境的行为，让大

众明白保护环境将在 20 年后带来怎

样的益处？”

因此，各国政府应当积极采取激励

手段，否则不仅将产生严重的污染

问题，还将在全球上演资源争夺大

战。徐乐江解释说：“摆在我们面前

的是一条崭新的工业化和现代化之

路”，对于这条新道路最终的成功他

满怀信心：“在未来 30 年里，人类

社会将在发展经济和保护环境上获

得平衡，和谐共存。” <<

Doris Fischer, German Development Institute, Wolfgang Rosenbauer, NXP Semiconductors, Christine Loh, Civic Exchange (f.l.t.r)德国发展研究院高级经济学家 Doris Fischer，恩智浦半导体公司首席代表 Wolfgang Rosenbauer，思汇政策研究所 CEO 陆恭蕙

（从左至右）

Xu Lejiang, Baosteel Group Corporation, Brigitte Wolff, Management Engineers China Co. Ltd 宝钢集团公司董事长徐乐江，明一企

业管理咨询（上海）有限公司总经理

Brigitte Wolff


任重而道远Still a long Way to go

What were the major results of the fourth ‘Hamburg Summit: China

meets Europe’ in 2010? “We wanted the Summit to live up to its name,” Conference Chairman Nikolaus W. Schües said, and continued “We definitely reached our aim, approximately 400 decision-makers from more than 15 countries have gathered in our Chamber of Commerce.” And what did they learn from each other, about each other and – most importantly – in dialogue with each other?

Firstly, that China has become one of the world’s most powerful nations. Then, that the EU has still not found a coherent voice and policy in dealing with China, and that green technology is the industry of the future. Also that the Chinese domestic market is as promising as ever, and, last but not least, that the EU should support the Chinese government in its endeavours to solve its most pressing issues and establish a stable society. “As long as we keep on fostering dialogue, I am confident that we will always find ways to solve upcoming problems,” Schües concluded.

The former German Chancellor Gerhard Schröder agreed with Schües in his keynote speech. Developing countries now account

for slightly more than half of the world economy, and Asia is central to this dramatic change, he explained. Demanding more international responsibility is one side of the coin, Schröder said, but “the other is putting an end to the two-class politics in the community of states.” The politician demanded that “These countries must be allowed to have more influence in international institutions.”

The existence of a stable and successful China is in Europe’s interest, the former Chancellor continued. So we need a strategic partnership in all areas: in politics and culture as well as in the economy and civil society. “This can only happen, however, if both partners meet each other with mutual respect for their different cultures,” Schröder said. Therefore, economic involvement must be intensified, and Europe must help China to solve its ecological problems. And, even more importantly, we must continue to intensify exchanges in the areas of civil society and culture.

This approach, Schröder continued, will not tolerate sanctions of any kind, because: “The goal of sanctions is to isolate and to discriminate. We must instead strive for cooperation, integration and change.”

Hans-Ulrich Klose, then Vice-Chairman of the Committee of Foreign Relations of the German Bundestag, also emphasised the importance of China as a strategic partner. But he believes that the rise of new powers like China does not mean that others will decline. “The US will remain a major power, I am quite optimistic that they will continue to succeed,” Klose said. So in the end, not only the Europeans but also the US have to find ways to cooperate with China – and to compromise.

All together they have points of common interest with China, not only in the economy but also in different areas of security from Afghanistan to Pakistan, Iran and North Korea, for instance. “We do not want chaos in these countries, and the possibility of chaos is high,” Klose explained. So his advice is: “The relationship with China requires investment, patience and mutual understanding.”

On the other hand, “We have good reasons to cooperate”, Klose said, because “Mankind is on the verge of changing the climate dramatically.” This problem can only be solved by cooperation between the big economic powers. <<

那么 2010 年第四届“汉堡峰会：

中国与欧洲相遇”取得了哪

些重要成果？大会主席 Nikolaus W.

Schües 说：“我们希望本届峰会能够

名副其实”，而且“我们显然已经达

到了目标，本届峰会吸引全球超过

15 个国家的约 400 名决策者聚首汉

堡。”那么，他们是否借此机会增进

了解，互相学习 – 最重要的是，是

否真正建立起了对话？

首先，中国现已成为世界最大强国

之一。其次，欧盟仍未在对华政策

上达成共识，而绿色技术是一项有

着广阔前景的未来产业。再次，中

国本土市场一如既往地显现出良好

发展势头，最后同样重要的是，欧

盟应为中国政府助一臂之力，帮助

其尽一切努力解决当前的重大挑战，

建立和谐稳定的社会。Schües 总结说：

“只要我们不断保持对话进程，我相

信面临的所有问题都将攻无不克。”

德国前总理格哈德·施罗德在基调

发言中也认同了 Schües 的观点。他

说，发展中国家现占世界经济的比

重超过一半多一点，而亚洲是推动

世界经济结构重组的中心要素。施

罗德说，要求这些国家承担更多的

国际责任是一个方面，但“更重要

的是尽快终结世界各国的两级政治

局面。” 施罗德呼吁“必须允许这些

国家对国际制度施加更多的影响。”

施罗德继续说道，一个成熟稳定的

中国符合欧洲的利益。因此，我们

需要在所有领域展开战略合作：包

括政治文化和经济及民间社会层面。

施罗德说：“但是，只有在尊重彼此

间文化差异的基础上互相尊重、求

同存异，双方才能搭建信任的纽带。”

因此我们必须加强在经济上的互动，

而欧洲有责任帮助中国应对生态挑

战。此外更重要的是，我们必须继

续加强民间社会和文化方面的交流。

施罗德补充道，这种合作途径将不

会容忍任何形式的制裁，因为“制

裁的目的是孤立和歧视。而我们要

做的是通力合作，努力融合，共同

进步。”

时任德国联邦议院对外关系委员会

副主席 Hans-Ulrich Klose 也强调了中国

作为战略伙伴的重要性。但他认为，

中国这样新兴力量的崛起并不意味

着其他力量的没落。Klose 说：“美国

仍将是世界强国，我坚信美国的成

功还将继续延续下去。”因此最终结

果是，不仅是欧洲，包括美国都必

须设法与中国发展合作性伙伴关系，

寻求和解而不是对抗。

欧美国家都与中国有着共同的利

益，不仅在经济层面，还包括在维

护世界安定和平上，比如解决从阿

富汗、巴基斯坦到伊朗和北朝鲜的

各种争端。Klose 说：“我们希望拯救

这些国家于混乱之中，但当地的局

势极为不稳定。”因此他提出建议：

“与中国的关系需要建立在广泛投

资、心平气和的对话和相互谅解的

基础之上。”

另一方面，Klose 说：“我们有着充

分的合作理由”，因为“气候变化给

全人类提出了共同的挑战。”只有世

界列强携手行动，才能对抗气候变

迁。 <<

Former German chancellor Gerhard Schröder emphasises the importance of a Sino-European partnership德国前总理 Gerhard Schröder 强调欧中合作的重要性

The audience attentively listens to the keynote speech of Hans-Ulrich Klose, then Vice-Chairman, Committee of Foreign Relations of the German Bundestag与会代表们认真倾听时任德国联邦议院对外关系委员会副主席 Hans-Ulrich Klose 发表基调演讲


世界豪强云集Global Players and Champions

Hamburg is well known for its port, which is not only a gateway for German

and European exports, but also for imports from all parts of the world. Alongside this very important economic power with nearly 40,000 employees, the region has several global players and champions. For instance, Airbus: the Hamburg plant is the second-biggest aircraft production facility in Europe and the company is setting new standards in aeroplane technology. Successfully integrating countries world-wide – including China – in the production process, Airbus produces around half of the world’s jet airliners. Together with many other companies in the aviation sector, Airbus makes Hamburg a leading location for aircraft in the world, alongside Toulouse and Seattle. The visit to the production facilities in Hamburg gave an inside view of the final assembly line of the single-aisle family of A 318 to A 321 aircraft, and of the major components for the A 380, the biggest passenger aircraft in the world.

Renowned throughout the world, Montblanc is a leading manufacturer of sophisticated writing instruments of the highest quality – and therefore a world champion. Recent diversification into other luxury goods, such as watches, jewellery and leather have made the company a purveyor of exclusive products that meet the most challenging demands with regard to quality, design, tradition and master craftsmanship. The visit provided some insights into the fine art of crafting the famous fountain pens and introduced the company’s watchmaking expertise. In the Montblanc museum, the visitors got an impression of more than 100 years

of company history that began in 1906 in Hamburg. Lastly, the brand’s long- standing commitment to arts and culture was reflected in a tour through the Cutting Edge Art Collection.

Since the sea, ships and international trade have dominated the development of the town more than anything else, so it’s not surprising that the International Maritime Museum, founded in 2008, gives an outstanding view of the city’s fascinating history. The museum presents, on nine floors of the oldest surviving storage building, the most extensive private maritime collection in the world, building an impressive bridge to today’s world of international seafaring. Model ships, naval uniforms, marine paintings and reconstructions of the interior of the famous ocean liner cruise ships: the visit to the museum took the participants of the ‘ Hamburg Summit’ on a journey from the great explorers of the past and the art of shipbuilding to the giants of today’s merchant shipping.

And of course the port, with its history going back more than 800 years, is a must-see for any visitor to Hamburg. It has always encapsulated the open and maritime character of the Free and Hanseatic City of Hamburg. Today it is Germany’s largest seaport and Europe’s third-largest container port. In addition, the port of Hamburg is one of the most important harbours in Europe regarding container traffic with China. The visit in-cluded Europe’s most advanced container terminal and the famous HafenCity – a big inner-city development area with the soon-to-be-finished Elbphilharmonie, Hamburg’s future concert hall. <<

汉堡是世界知名的港口城市，它

不仅是德国乃至全欧洲的出口

门户，也是世界各国对欧洲进口的枢

纽。这里云集了世界多家最顶尖的

知名企业，有着近 4 万人的庞大员工

队伍。空中客车公司就是其中之一：

其建在汉堡的工厂是欧洲第二大飞

机制造厂，空中客车现正在飞机制

造技术领域树立新典范。空客成功

地在全球各国建立起生产流程 – 包

括中国，现在喷气客机领域已占到

世界市场的半壁江山。空中客车携

手航空领域其他众多实力雄厚的企

业，把汉堡变为了全球除图卢兹和西

雅图之外的另一个重要的民航中心。

与会代表们参观了空客在汉堡的飞

机制造厂，这里为 A 318 至 A 321 的

系列单通道飞机进行总装，并为世

界最大的客机空客 380 供应零部件。

享誉世界的万宝龙集团是顶尖的高

级书写用具制造商，奢华和高品质

始终是万宝龙不变的追求 – 在全球

享有最至尊无上的地位。近年来万

宝龙走多元化发展路线，新增了其

他奢侈品产品线，包括手表、珠宝

和皮具，无论在品质、设计、传统

和精湛工艺上都无可挑剔，款款都

是代表高雅恒久的精品。在万宝龙，

既可以看到以精细高雅著称的万宝

龙钢笔，也有集传统制表工艺与完

美设计于一身的万宝龙腕表。在万

宝龙博物馆里，可以感受到 1906 年

在汉堡创始以来传承百年的经典韵

味。此外，万宝龙还长期致力于文

化艺术的发展，这一点可从其前卫

艺术系列典藏中得到充分展现。

既然海运、船舶和国际贸易依旧是

汉堡最主要的经济支柱，从 2008 年

在汉堡落成的国际海事博物馆中看

到这座城市令人瞩目的发展史也就

不足为奇了。博物馆位于历史最悠

久的九层楼码头仓库里，这里展示

的私人航海珍藏品是世界上最全最

丰富的，描绘了一副人类航海史的

全景画。航海模型、海军制服、海

景画和世界知名远洋游轮内景重现，

一切应有尽有：这座博物馆向前来

参观的“汉堡峰会”代表们诉说着

昔日的伟大航海家的故事，展示着

令人惊叹的造船工艺，同时还能一

睹当今航运巨头的风采。

当然，有着 800 多年历史的港口是

到汉堡的必游之地。一直以来，这

里都是汉堡这座城市开放发展，航

海事业繁荣强盛的缩影。今天，汉

堡已成为德国最大的海港和欧洲第

三大集装箱港。此外，汉堡港也在

欧洲与中国的集装箱往来上占据举

足轻重的地位。会议代表们参观了

欧洲最先进的集装箱码头和著名的

港口新城 – 正在这个庞大的内城开

发区里加紧建设的 Elbphilharmonie 音

乐厅很快将呈现在公众眼前。 <<

Participants visit the International Maritime Museum Hamburg (above) and the A380 production facility at Airbus与会者参观汉堡国际海事博物馆（上图）

和空中客车公司的 A380 生产厂

Luxury brand Montblanc opens its doors for participants of the conference, harbour cruise at the port of Hamburg与会者饶有兴致地参观奢侈品品牌万宝龙，汉堡港的港口巡游


公平对话下的强大伙伴关系Strong Partners in a fair Dialogue

Summarising the fourth ‘Hamburg Summit: China meets Europe’, Frank

Horch, then President of the Hamburg Chamber of Commerce, explained at the closing dinner: “The China we see is no longer the workbench of the world, but has turned into a global player in high technology, research and development.” And, he added, it has become one of the most attractive domestic markets in the world. Europe has to strive in order to defend its position as a trading and investment partner. But it will only be able to reach this aim as a strong partner and as a partner in fair dialogue. “Anticipating that the Chinese economy will continue its successful rise, the Summit provides a fair platform for exchanging views on economic issues, clarifying the debate and finding common solutions,” Horch said.

Christoph Ahlhaus, then First Mayor of Hamburg, declared that his city is a good place to cultivate this dialogue. “Hamburg has once again been able to demonstrate its ability to provide valuable stimuli to

European-Chinese relations, as we have done for years,” the mayor argued. And as the European Green Capital of 2011, Hamburg will take advantage of the 25th anniversary of its relationship with Shanghai as its twin city in order to continue the environmental dialogue with China. Climate protection is at the very top of the political agenda in China, and Hamburg will intensively support the rising interest in its relationship at all levels.

As one of the figureheads of the Sino-European dialogue, Professor Xu Kuangdi, Chairman of the China Federation of Industrial Economics (CFIE), participated for the second time in the ‘Hamburg Summit’. His organisation was the co-host of the summit and Frank Horch thanked him for his involvement: “My deepest gratitude goes to you and to all the members of staff of CFIE, who were excellent to work with.” Xu summarised his impression of events at the closing dinner: “We had two very successful days improving our working relationship.”

Peter Löscher, Chairman of the Asia-Pacific Committee of German Business and CEO of Siemens, stressed how important this working relationship is in his speech to the participants of the closing dinner. China is a leading partner, he said, and the Chinese people are eager to make economic progress and improve their quality of life, which has resulted in the rise of many strong local champions.

In the future, the competitiveness of companies as well as countries, Löscher argued, will be determined by three factors: sustainability, innovation and partnership. “To enhance our innovative strength, we need strategic partnerships in research and development as well as in education,” Löscher said. His vision of the European and German business community is a broad-based, strategic Sino-European partnership. He concluded: “It is in the best interests of China and Europe to grow together, to grow our businesses sustainably, to grow our innovative strength and to grow together as partners.” <<

时任汉堡商会主席的 Frank Horch

在闭幕晚宴上对第四届“汉堡

峰会：中国与欧洲相遇”做总结致

辞时说：“如今的中国已不再是昔日

的世界工厂了，而成为了在高科技

和研发上走在世界前列的大国。”他

进一步补充道，中国已建立起了在

世界上极富吸引力的本国市场。而

欧洲必须努力保住作为重要的贸易

与投资伙伴的地位。这一目标只有

在公平对话前提下建立起强大的伙

伴关系才能实现。Horch 说：“预期中

国经济将继续保持快速稳健的发展，

本次峰会为双方交换对经济问题的

看法、澄清争端和共同探索解决之

道提供了公平的平台。”

时任汉堡市第一市长的 Christoph

Ahlhaus 宣称，汉堡市在促成此类公

平对话上占据有利地位。市长先生说

道：“汉堡再次证明了在推动中欧关

系健康发展上起到的重要作用，多

年来我们一直都是这样做的。”此外，

作为 2011 年度的欧洲绿色之都，汉

堡将充分利用 25 年来与上海缔结的

友好城市关系，不断推进与中国在

环境方面的对话。气候保护是中国

政府重视的头等大事，而汉堡将从

各个层面为环境所日益引发的关注

提供广泛的支持。

作为中欧对话的领袖人物之一，中

国工业经济联合会（CFIE）会长徐匡

迪已经是第二次参加“汉堡峰会”了。

中国工经联是汉堡峰会的联合主办

单位，Frank Horch 对徐匡迪在推动会

议成功上做出的努力表达了谢意：

“我谨向您和中国工经联的所有工作

人员表示衷心的感谢，谢谢你们的

大力配合和支持。”徐匡迪在闭幕晚

宴上总结会议印象时说：“在为期两

天的会议期间，我们在促进交流和

加强合作上取得了极大的成功。”

德国亚太经济委员会主席、也是西

门子股份公司总裁兼首席执行官的

罗旭德也在闭幕晚宴上的发言中向

在场嘉宾们强调了中欧合作的重要

性。他说道，中国是重要的共同发

展合作伙伴，中国人民在取得经济

进步和改善生活质量上抱有很大的

渴望，这催生了众多实力雄厚的本

土企业的崛起。

罗旭德说，在今后，无论是国家还

是企业的竞争力都将取决于三大要

素：即可持续发展、创新和合作伙

伴关系。罗旭德说：“为提升我们的

创新实力，我们必须加强在研发领

域和教育层面的战略合作。”他认为，

德国乃至整个欧洲工商界的发展出

路将是在广泛公平基础之上建立中

欧战略伙伴关系。他总结道：“携手

共进互利互赢，推动商业可持续发

展，发挥和提升创新实力，友好合

作共谋发展，这是符合中欧双方最

佳利益的做法。” <<Peter Löscher, Asia-Pacific Committee of German Business (left), signing of the Golden Book of the Hamburg Chamber of Commerce德国亚太经济委员会会长 Peter Löscher（左）签署汉堡商会“金书”

Nikolaus W. Schües, Conference Chairman, Xu Kuangdi, CFIE, Frank Horch, then President of the Hamburg Chamber of Commerce, Christoph Ahlhaus, then First Mayor of Hamburg (f.l.t.r.)大会主席 Nikolaus W. Schües，中国工经联（CFIE）会长徐匡迪，时任汉堡商会会长 Frank Horch，时任汉堡市第一市长

Christoph Ahlhaus（从左至右）


闭幕晚宴Closing Dinner

In his speech at the closing dinner, Ma Kai, Secretary General of the State Council of

China, outlined a blueprint for the future of the nation’s economy. China remains a developing country, he explained, and underlined his opinion with startling figures: “150 million people are still living in poverty, and another 23 million on government subsistence.” It will be a long journey, Ma reiterated, as he described the most important steps towards a better future.

First of all, China has to “boost the domestic demand as the foundation for further long-term, steady growth.” This is the best way to create more jobs and

to improve social security. Then, China should pay more attention to transforming the economic pattern. That means, Ma explained, shutting down inefficient power and steel plants, for example and focusing on strategic objectives, such as regional development, innovation and a modern system of clean industries. Last but not least, China should put more emphasis on social provisions, which means more education, more social security and more public services, especially in the countryside.

“Everyone in China should benefit from this development,” Ma insisted. But the need for development is also shared

with the world, the Secretary General said, because 14 million jobs in other countries depend on their export to China. “A more stable, developed, dynamic and open China will open up even broader prospects for China-EU business cooperation,” the Chinese politician explained. And he particularly invited SMEs to come to China: “The EU-SMEs are very competitive, we should build more platforms to promote cooperation.”

“China and Germany depend on open markets and free trade,” then German Deputy Chancellor and Minister for Foreign Affairs, Dr. Guido Westerwelle said, in reply to Ma, adding “This is particularly true when it comes to raw materials.” So, he concluded, the two countries need each other more than ever, and benefit from intensive cooperation. Both partners are also linked more and more by direct investments, and Chinese investors are very welcome in the European Union, including in Germany. Therefore, the rule of law is very important, and China has undertaken great efforts to reform its legal system.

But furthermore, the minister said, the international community needs China as an advocate of global peace. Westerwelle: “As China’s importance in the interna-tional community grows, the country’s responsibility for international security grows as well.” The foreign minister finished by saying “You are now a global leader, and we are proud to work together with you.”

The Vice-President of the European Commission and Commissioner for Competition, Joaquín Almunia, promised in his keynote speech during the closing dinner: “We will work in Brussels to improve the working relationship.” In order to find satisfactory solutions for all problems, the multilateral negotiations will continue. Almunia: “We have to find new avenues to improve our working relationship, we need to work together in global as well as in bilateral forums.” <<

在闭幕晚宴上的发言中，中国国

务院秘书长马凯描绘了中国未

来经济发展的蓝图。他说现在中国

仍是发展中国家，并列举了一些惊

人的数字作为佐证：“仍有 1.5 亿中

国人生活在贫困之中，另有 2300 万

人要靠国家救济度日。”马凯反复重

申道，发展之路任重而道远，要塑

造更美好的未来，需要经历一些至

关重要的关卡。

首先，中国必须“拉动内需，为

实现更长久稳定的经济发展奠定基

石。”这是扩大就业和维护社会安定

的最佳途径。其次，中国应加大对

经济模式转型的重视。马凯解释说，

这就要求关闭那些陈旧的、效率低

下的发电厂和炼钢厂，提高产业整

体效率，注重战略目标的实现，比

如区域发展、创新和建设现代化的

清洁产业体制。最后同样重要的是，

中国应大力完善社会性规制职能，

包括完善教育体制、维护社会稳定

和加强公共服务体系建设，尤其是

在农村地区。

马凯坚决主张“每一个中国人都应

能从国家的发展中受益。”但马凯也

认为，中国的高速发展也对其他国

家有利，因为仅对华出口就为世界

其他国家创造了 1400 万个就业机会。

马凯解释道：“一个更稳定、更发达、

更有活力、更开放的中国将为中欧

经贸合作开辟更广泛的前景。”为此，

他特别欢迎中小企业来华发展：“欧

洲的中小企业极富竞争力，我们应

搭建更多的平台促进合作，互惠互

利。”

时任德国副总理兼外长 Guido

Westerwelle 博士在回应马凯的发言时

说道：“中德两国的发展取决于公开

市场和自由贸易的程度”，并补充说：

“这一点在原材料方面显得尤为突

出。”因此他总结道，中国和德国比

以往任何时候都更需要加强各种交

流与合作，相互依存关系日益加深。

两国间的直接投资越来越多，欧盟国

家对中国投资者十分欢迎，包括德

国。在这一趋势下，健全政策法规显

得尤为重要，而中国已经采取各项有

力的措施对国家法律体制进行改革。

但 Westerwelle 说，此外，国际社会

需要中国在推动世界和平上发挥积

极作用。他说：“随着中国在国际社

会中的地位日益提高，中国在维护

国际安全上肩负的责任也日益重大

起来。”德国外长最后说道：“中国

已经成为世界大国，能与中国并肩

共进是我们的骄傲。”

欧盟委员会副主席兼竞争事务专员

Joaquín Almunia 在闭幕晚宴中发表基

调演讲时承诺说：“布鲁塞尔方面将

不遗余力地为增进中欧伙伴关系而

努力。”为给当前面临的各种问题找

到满意的解决办法，多边谈判还将

继续下去。Almunia 说：“我们需要开

辟更多的途径来增进贸易往来，在

全球层面和双边关系上加强沟通与

合作。”

Guests of honour: Ma Kai, Secretary- General, State Council of the People’s Republic of China, Guido Westerwelle, then German Deputy Chancellor and Minister for Foreign Affairs, Joaquín Almunia, Vice-President, European Commission (from top to bottom)

演讲嘉宾：中国国务院秘书长马

凯，时任德国副总理兼外长 Guido

Westerwelle，欧盟委员会副主席

Joaquín Almunia （从上至下）

China meets Europe at the Closing Dinner at the prestigious Hamburg Chamber of Commerce在享有声望的汉堡商会举办的闭幕晚宴上，中国与欧洲在此相遇

引话

37The Hamburg Summit: China meets Europe – Documentation Brochure 201036 The Hamburg Summit: China meets Europe – Documentation Brochure 2010

Views on the Hamburg Summit

International relations and economic cooperation begin and end not with governments, but with people. And I hope that the ‘Hamburg Summit’ is able to build bridges between our countries.Gerhard Schröder, Former Chancellor of the Federal Republic of Germany, November 26, 2010

China Federation of Industrial Economics is willing to work with its counterparts in Europe on such platforms as the ‘Hamburg Summit’ as bridges to connect China and Europe and therefore make its own contribution to the cooperative relationship between China and Europe. Prof. Xu Kuangdi, Vice Chairman, 10th National Committee of the Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference, Chairman, China Federation of Industrial Economics, Honorary Chairman, the Governing Board of the Chinese Academy of Engineering, November 25, 2010

The ‘Hamburg Summit’ provides a valuable basis for the dialogue between the trading partners China and Europe. This is very helpful for the development of mutual understanding and trust to commonly handle the challenges in the post-crisis world.Zhang Jianwei, Executive Director and President, SINOTRANS Ltd., November 25, 2010

Unlike on previous meetings, this time the search for mutual understanding took centre stage. Nan Cunhui, Chairman, CHINT Group, Pinneberger Tageblatt, November 29, 2010

Given the importance of China’s role in the global economy, further flexibility of the renminbi would be another element conducive to more balanced growth.Dr. Vítor Constâncio, Vice-President, European Central Bank, November 25, 2010

The People’s Bank of China will continue with the reform of the RMB exchange rate, and will develop a balanced monetary frame.Li Dongrong, Assistant Governor, People’s Bank of China, November 25, 2010

Don’t put too much pressure on China, because other countries needed decades for the development of a high-level service industry.

Jens Ruebbert, Vice President, European Union Chamber of Commerce in China; Managing Director & Chief Administrative Officer, Deutsche Bank (China) Co., Ltd., November 26, 2010

As of yet we don’t have an established middle class in China, and therefore consumption is weak, but within five years things are going to change. Mao Zhenhua, Chairman, China Chengxin Credit Management Co. Ltd.; Director, Institute of Economic Research, Renmin University, November 25, 2010

A lot of Chinese companies come to Hamburg to understand how to invest in Germany.Liu Haiyan, Senior Vice Chairman, China Federation of Industrial Economics, Cuxhavener Nachrichten, November 25, 2010

If all Chinese people want to live like Europeans, then we will need three planets. If they want to live like Americans, we will need five. Dr. Hannes Androsch, Former Minister for Finance and Vice-Chancellor; Expo Shanghai 2010 Commissioner General of Austria, November 25, 2010

China is the biggest investor in renewable energies, but no one recognises it. Prof. Zhang Wei-wei, Professor of International Relations at the Geneva School of Diplomacy, Switzerland, and Fudan University, November 25, 2010

No country has ever achieved this transformation masterminded by a central government. It is a big chance for Western countries to become involved.Lord Heseltine CH, Former Deputy Prime Minster and First Member of State, U.K., November 25, 2010

中国工经联愿意与欧洲同行携手合作，通过“汉堡峰会”这样的平台为推动欧中关系健康发展搭建桥梁，为中国和欧洲间保持良好合作出一份力。

第 10 届中国人民政治协商会议全国委员会副主席、中国工经联会长和中国工程院管理委员会名誉会长徐匡迪教授，2010 年 11 月 25 日

“汉堡峰会”为中国和欧洲的贸易伙伴增进对话提供了很有价值的基础。这能极为有力地促进彼此间的相互了解和信任，携手共同对抗危机过后世界面临的各种挑战。

中国外运股份有限公司执行董事兼总裁张建卫，2010 年 11 月 25 日

和往届会议不同的是，增进相互了解成为了本届会议上的主旋律。

正泰集团董事长南存辉，2010 年 11 月 29 日

中国人民银行将继续推进人民币汇改，努力建立平衡的货币框架。

中国人民银行行长助理李东荣，2010 年 11 月 25 日

不要给中国施加太大压力，不要忘了，其他发达国家高水准的服务行业是经历了数十年的发展才建立起来的

中国欧盟商会副会长、德意志银行（中国）有限公司总经理兼首席行政官 Jens Ruebbert，2010 年 11 月 26 日

虽然中国的中产阶级尚未成熟，公众消费能力相对薄弱，但用不了五年这一切都将发生改变。

中国诚信信用管理有限公司董事长、中国人民大学经济研究所联席所长毛振华， 2010 年 11 月 25 日

有许多中国公司来到汉堡，希望从这里了解如何在德国展开投资。

中国工经联（CFIE）常务副会长刘海燕，2010 年 11 月 25 日

如果所有中国人都像欧洲人那样生活，那么三个地球都不够用。如果都像美国人那样生活，则需要五个地球的资源。

奥地利前财政部长兼副总理、2010 上海世博会奥地利馆总代表 Hannes Androsch 博士，2010 年 11 月 25 日

实际上中国已成为世界最大的可再生能源投资国，但很少有人知道这一点。

日内瓦大学外交与国际关系学院教授、复旦大学兼任教授张维为，2010 年 11 月 25 日

鉴于中国在世界经济中发挥的重要作用，进一步提升人民币的灵活性将是有助于推动更平衡增长的另一个重要因素。

欧洲中央银行副总裁 Vítor Constâncio 博士，2010 年 11 月 25 日

没有一个国家的中央政府像中国那样富有成效地策划了国家经济的成功转型。这为西方国家参与中国的建设提供了前所未有的机会。

英国前副首相兼第一秘书长 Heseltine CH 爵士，2010 年 11 月 25 日

决定任何国际关系和经济合作起始和终结的不是政府，而是人民。我由衷地希望“汉堡峰会”能够为中德两国搭建沟通的桥梁。

德国前总理格哈德·施罗德，2010 年 11 月 26 日

Political action is far more than what governments do. Personal friendships, joint research projects and strong economic relations all contribute to mutual understanding and trust. In this light, let me express my gratitude to the organizers of this fourth ‘Hamburg Summit’. Dr. Guido Westerwelle, then Deputy Chancellor and Minister for Foreign Affairs, Germany, November 26, 2010

This ‘Hamburg Summit’ is a very impressive event and provides a high network of connections in China and Europe. I am very pleased to join the next one.Ling Haifeng, Vice President European Region, Huawei Technologies, November 26, 2010

Through the ‘Hamburg Summit: China meets Europe’ 2010, Hamburg has once again been able to demonstrate our ability to provide valuable stimuli to European-Chinese relations, as we have done for years. Christoph Ahlhaus, then First Mayor and President of the Senate of the Free and Hanseatic City of Hamburg, November 26, 2010

本届“汉堡峰会”取得了极大的成功，为中国和欧洲搭建起紧密联系的纽带。我热切期盼着下一届“汉堡峰会”的到来。

华为技术有限公司欧洲区副总裁林海峰， 2010 年 11 月 26 日

通过 2010“汉堡峰会：中国与欧洲相遇”，

汉堡再次证明了自己在推动欧中关系健康发展上起到的重要作用，多年来我们一直都是这样做的。

时任汉堡市第一市长和汉堡议会议长 Christoph Ahlhaus，2010 年 11 月 26 日

政治行动绝不只是各国政府的事。建立私人友谊、联手开展研究项目和保持强有力的经济联系都对增进相互了解和信任起着重要的作用。我谨在此向第四届

“汉堡峰会”主办方表达由衷的感谢。

时任德国副总理兼外长 Guido Westerwelle 博士，

2010 年 11 月 26 日

Quotes汉堡峰会一览


Speakers Partners

Co-Host

Summit Partners

Academic Partners

Media Partners

www.cfie.org.cn

www.china.ahk.de www.catis.org.cn www.oav.dewww.eurochambres.eu

www.giga-hamburg.de www.ifw-kiel.de

www.bfchina.de www.china-contact.cc

www.euccc.com.cn

www.germanycontact.com

www.ftd.de

www.pcne.tv

演讲人

•JoãoAguiarMachado, Deputy Director General, DG Trade, European Commission, Belgium

•ChristophAhlhaus, then First Mayor and President of the Senate of the Free and Hanseatic City of Hamburg, Germany

•JoaquínAlmunia,Vice-President, European Commission, Commissioner for Competition, Belgium

•Dr.HannesAndrosch, Former Minister for Finance and Vice-Chancellor; Expo Shanghai 2010 Commissioner General of Austria

•AlessandroBarberis,President, EUROCHAMBRES, Belgium•Dr.MartinBrudermüller,Member of the Board of Executive Directors,

BASF SE, Hong Kong•Eng.HamadBuamim,Director General, Dubai Chamber of Commerce

& Industry, UAE•ChenYueming,Executive Vice President, State Grid Corporation of China,

P.R. China•LillyChung,Partner, Strategic Clients, Deloitte LLP, U.S.A. •Dr.VítorConstâncio,Vice-President, European Central Bank, Germany•Dr.DingLieming, Chairman, Zhejiang BetaPharma Co., Ltd., P.R. China •Dr.DorisFischer,Senior Economist, German Development Institute/

Deutsches Institut für Entwicklungspolitik (DIE), Germany•JürgenFitschen,Member of the Management Board, Deutsche Bank AG;

Chairman, OAV - German Asia-Pacific Business Association, Germany•GuoGuangchang,Executive Director & Chairman of the Board,

Fosun Group, Member of the Presidium, China Federation of Industrial Economics, P.R. China

•DietmarHarting,Chairman, DKE German Commission for Electrical, Electronics & Information Technologies of DIN and VDE, Germany

•HeDongdong,Vice President, Sany Heavy Industries Co., Ltd.; Chairman, Sany Germany (Europe) Company, P.R. China

•Dr.AxelC.Heitmann,Chairman of the Board of Management, LANXESS AG, Germany

•TheRt.HontheLordHeseltineCH,Former Deputy Prime Minster and First Member of State; Founder and Chairman, Haymarket Group Limited, U.K.

•FrankHorch, then President, Hamburg Chamber of Commerce, Germany•HuShuli,Publisher and Editor-in-Chief, Caixin Media; Dean, School of

Communication and Design, Sun Yat-sen University, P.R. China•ChristophKeese,President Public Affairs, Axel Springer AG, Germany•Hans-UlrichKlose,then Vice-Chairman, Committee on Foreign Relations of the

German Bundestag; Coordinator of German-American Cooperation, Germany •SteffenKlusmann,Editor-in-Chief, Financial Times Deutschland, Germany •LiDongrong, Assistant Governor, People’s Bank of China, P.R. China•LingHaifeng,Vice President European Region, Huawei Technologies,

Germany•LiuHaiyan,Senior Vice Chairman, China Federation of Industrial

Economics; Vice Chairman, China Association for Quality, P.R. China•LiuQizhong,Director of the Board and Vice President, Shanghai Zhenhua

Heavy Industry Co. Ltd. (ZPMC), P.R. China •Dr.ChristineLoh,Chief Executive Officer, Civic Exchange, Hong Kong •PeterLöscher,Chairman, Asia-Pacific Committee of German Business;

President and Chief Executive Officer, Siemens AG, Germany•MaKai,Secretary-General, State Council of the People’s Republic of China•ChristofGabrielMaetze, Divisional Board Member, Commerzbank AG,

Germany•MaoZhenhua,Chairman, China Chengxin Credit Management Co. Ltd.;

Director, Institute of Economic Research, Renmin University, P.R. China

•DavidMarsh,Chairman, SCCO International, U.K.•PhilippeMaystadt,President, European Investment Bank, Luxembourg •NanCunhui,Chairman, CHINT Group; Member of the Presidium, China

Federation of Industrial Economics, P.R. China•MatthiasNass,then Deputy Editor-in-Chief, DIE ZEIT, Germany •GordonOrr, Asia Chairman, McKinsey & Company, P.R. China •JensRuebbert,Vice President, European Union Chamber of Commerce

in China; Managing Director & Chief Administrative Officer, Deutsche Bank (China) Co., Ltd., P.R. China

•Prof.Dr.EberhardSandschneider,Otto Wolff-Director, Research Institute, German Council on Foreign Relations, Germany

•EberhardSautter,Member of the Board, HanseMerkur Versicherung AG, Germany

•Dr.MichaelSchaefer,Ambassador of the Federal Republic of Germany to the People’s Republic of China

•GerhardSchröder,Former Chancellor of the Federal Republic of Germany•Dr.GünterSchucher, Senior Research Fellow, GIGA Institute of Asian

Studies, Germany•NikolausW.Schües,Conference Chairman; Former President,

HamburgChamber of Commerce; Shipowner, Reederei F. Laeisz, Germany•JamesSiano,President & CEO - Asia Pacific, Member of the Executive Board,

Montblanc International, Hong Kong•Dr.TheoSommer,Editor-at-large, DIE ZEIT, Germany•JanBojeSteffens,CEO and Managing Partner, Rickmers Holding GmbH &

Cie. KG; Managing Director, Rickmers-Linie GmbH & Cie. KG, Germany•Prof.Dr.ThomasStraubhaar,Director, Hamburg Institute of International

Economics (HWWI); Professor of Economics, University of Hamburg, Germany•RuedigerStroh,Executive Vice President & General Manager, Business Unit

Identification, CEO, NXP Semiconductors Germany GmbH, Germany•Prof.TangZilai, Chief Planner, Urban Best Practice Area, Shanghai Expo

2010; Professor and Head, Department of Urban Planning, Tongji University, P.R. China

•JohannesThammer, Head of Group Sales Strategy and Projects, Volkswagen Group, Germany

•WangRunsheng, Deputy Director General, China Foreign Trade Centre; President, China Foreign Trade Centre (Group), P.R. China

•JamesC.Wei, Executive Board Member for Asia, Beiersdorf AG, Germany•Capt.WeiJiafu,Chairman, CATIS; President and Chief Executive Officer,

COSCO Group, P.R. China•Dr.GuidoWesterwelle, then Deputy Chancellor and Minister of Foreign

Affairs of the Federal Republic of Germany•BrigitteWolff,Managing Director, Management Engineers China Co. Ltd.;

Board Member, German Chamber of Commerce Shanghai, P.R. China•Prof.XuKuangdi, Vice Chairman, 10th National Committee of the Chinese

People’s Political Consultative Conference; Chairman, China Federation of Industrial Economics; Honorary Chairman, Governing Board of the Chinese Academy of Engineering, P.R. China

•XuLejiang, Chairman, Baosteel Group Corporation, P.R. China•YaoShenhong, Executive Vice Chairman and Secretary General, China

Association of Trade in Services (CATIS)•ZhangJianwei, Executive Director & President, SINOTRANS Ltd., P.R. China•Prof.ZhangWei-wei, Professor of International Relations, Geneva School

of Diplomacy, Switzerland, and Fudan University, P.R. China•ZhuJimin, Chairman, Shougang Group, Member of the Presidium, China

Federation of Industrial Economics, P.R. China

"Hamburg Summit: China Meets Europe" - Documentation 2010

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