Gustav R. Grob, F.EI Gustav R. Grob, F.EI President President , International Clean , International Clean Energy Energy Consortium Consortium ICEC ICEC Chairman, ISO Chairman, ISO Committee Committee on on Technical Technical Energy Energy Systems Systems Analyses Analyses Executive Executive Secretary Secretary , International , International Sustainable Sustainable Energy Energy Organization Organization
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Gustav R. Grob, F.EIGustav R. Grob, F.EIPresidentPresident, International Clean , International Clean EnergyEnergy ConsortiumConsortium ICECICEC
Chairman, ISO Chairman, ISO CommitteeCommittee on on TechnicalTechnical EnergyEnergy Systems Systems AnalysesAnalysesExecutiveExecutive SecretarySecretary, International , International SustainableSustainable EnergyEnergy OrganizationOrganization
WhereWhere itit startedstarted –– 1st Generation1st Generation
2nd Generation Wind Mills2nd Generation Wind Mills
3rd Generation Wind Power3rd Generation Wind PowerGearedGeared horizontal and horizontal and verticalvertical wind wind turbinesturbinesTransitionTransition fromfrom stalledstalled wind blades to wind blades to pitchpitch controlcontrol
3rd Generation 3rd Generation advancedadvancedgearlessgearless butbut auxiliaryauxiliary excitementexcitement
and still and still tootoo high high logisticslogistics & & cranecrane costcost
Trend to Trend to biggerbigger generatorsgenerators
GrowingGrowing Wind Power MarketWind Power Market
4th Generation STARWIND4th Generation STARWINDGearlessGearless, permanent , permanent magnetsmagnets, , pitchpitch controlledcontrolledAdvancedAdvanced concreteconcrete towertower, , highesthighest efficiencyefficiencyLowerLower maintenancemaintenance costcost and and veryvery longlong lifelife
Gearless with permanent magnets
Example
4th Generation Wind Power4th Generation Wind PowerWind Power Cost
0.000
0.050
0.100
0.150
0.200
0.250
0.300
0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000
Power (kW)
Ener
gy C
ost (
EUR
/kW
h) 2nd Generation
3rd Generation
4th Generation STARWIND
Offshore
1,6 - 2,6 MWp0,1 - 6 MWp0,1 - 50 kWp1 - 20 hpPower Range
and crane savings huge(self-erecting)
STARWIND transportNo High-rise CraneHigh-rise CraneManualManualErection
long-life concrete tower(self-mounting)Concrete(handycraft)(carpentry)
patented STARWINDExtruded ConcreteSteel orWoodWoodTowers
wind blade designfail safe pitch controlor stalled
the most advancedor Bio-Plasticspitch controlstalledhand-adjusted
STARWIND is usingPlastics (Epoxy)Plastics (PE)Wood / MetalWood & ClothWind Blades
than any competitor(no slip rings)Auxiliary Exitation
about 5 % betterPermanent MagnetsGenerators
generator performsGearless GeneratorsGeared & Gearless
The STARWINDElectricElectricElectricMechanicalTypes
the grid in blackoutsMillsGrain Mills
STARWIND supportsPower GenerationPower GenerationPower GenerationWater PumpingUses
21st Century20th Century19th Century4000 BC-1800Time Period
Remarks4th Generation3rd Generation2nd Generation1st Generation
The Evolution of Wind Power to the 4th Generation
-1000 0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000
SOLAR PV & THERMAL ENERGY DIRECT WIND POWERHYDRO POWER / TIDAL / WAVE POWEROCEAN & GEOTHERMAL ENERGYBIOMASS / BIOGAS ENERGYAMBIENT ENERGYMUSCLE POWERNOVEL ENERGY SYSTEMS
SUSTAINABLE ENERGY SUPPLY
INEVITABLE CLIMAX OFMINERAL ENERGY
HAZARDOUS ANDDEPLETING ENERGY
CONSUMPTION(FOSSIL & FISSILE)
[YEARS]
200
100
ENERGY[PWh]
ENERGY HISTORY & FORECAST
t
E
RENEWABLE ENERGY CONSUMPTION
TOTAL USABLEENERGY ON EARTH
DEPLETION OF FINITE ENERGY RESOURCES
OPTION A
OPTION B
MAXIMUM
OPTION 0 (ZERO-SUBSTITUTION)
SOURCE : ISEO
PRESENT SITUATION
TOTAL ENERGY CONSUMPTION
Renewable Energy Option Immediately Feasible Theor. Potential- Bio energy 50 PWh/year 78- Hydropower 8 14- Geothermal Electricity Conventional 2- Geothermal Electricity / Hot Dry Rock 20 388- Geothermal Heat 4- Wind Power 53 160- Solar PV Power 6- Solar Thermal Power 40 435- Solar Active Heat 20- Solar Passive Heat (Buildings) 10- Ocean Energy (Waves and Tides) 15 202- Heat Pumps 10 50- Muscle Energy (Food Chain) 1 10- Novel Energy Technologies (R&D) 100 200
Total RE potential 339 PWh/year 1537
TRUE ENERGY COST
0
10
20
30
40
50
60Nuc
lear
Gas
Fire
d
Oil
Fire
d
Coa
l Fire
d
Bio
mas
s
Hyd
ro P
ower
Oce
an W
ave
Win
d Pow
er
Sol
ar T
herm
al
Geo
The
mal
OTE
C
PV
ENERGY SYSTEM
EURO
CEN
TS /
kWh
Extra RiskExternal CostCarbon CreditMax Net CostMin. Net Cost
W O R L D E N E R G Y S C E N A R I O 2000 - 2050
0 . 0
5 0 . 0
1 0 0 . 0
1 5 0 . 0
2 0 0 . 0
2 5 0 . 0
3 0 0 . 0
2000 2010 2020 2030 2040
So u r c e f o r F i n i t e E n e r g y D a t a : A SP O a t w w w . p e a k o i l . n e t & K y o t o P r o t o c o l
WO R L D E N E R G Y D E M A N D
2 % A N N U A L G R O W T H RE NE WABLE E NE RGY DE M AND GROWT H AV . 5. 2 %
FI NI T E E NE RGY DE CLI NE
www.uniseo.org
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