GROCERY PRICE SHARING AND COMPARISON APPLICATION …greenskill.net/suhailan/fyp/report/037771.pdf · I hereby declare that this report is based on my original work except for quotations

GROCERY PRICE SHARING AND COMPARISON

APPLICATION (SMART GROCERY)

NUR NUSRAH BINTI OTHMAN

BACHELOR OF COMPUTER SCIENCE

(INTERNET COMPUTING)

UNIVERSITI SULTAN ZAINAL ABIDIN

2017

GROCERY PRICE SHARING AND COMPARISON APPLICATION (SMART

GROCERY)

NUR NUSRAH BINTI OTHMAN

Bachelor of Computer Science (Internet Computing)

Faculty of Informatics and Computing

Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Terengganu, Malaysia

MAY 2017

i

DECLARATION

I hereby declare that this report is based on my original work except for quotations

and citations, which have been duly acknowledged. I also declare that it has not been

previously or concurrently submitted for any other degree at Universiti Sultan Zainal

Abidin or other institutions.

________________________________

Name : ..................................................

Date : ..................................................

ii

CONFIRMATION

This is to confirm that:

The research conducted and the writing of this report was under my supervison.

________________________________

Name : ..................................................

Date : ..................................................

iii

ABSTRACT

Groceries is a various household supply. Usually, people will go to a

supermarket or nearby grocery store to buying grocery. Nowadays, grocery items

price was increasing. So, people need to be smart in compare price in the different

store to get the best price and greatest saving. Grocery Price Sharing and Comparison

Mobile Application (Smart Grocery) is an application that enable a user to share

grocery price in the grocery store. So, other users can discover all nearby grocery store

that is convenient to them. This application will help the user to determine grocery

price more economical by comparing the price. This application also enable a user to

choose lower grocery prices. This project will be built as a mobile based development

and will be developed using Android Studio.

iv

ABSTRAK

Barangan runcit merupakan barangan keperluan dirumah. Biasanya, pengguna

akan ke pasaraya-pasaraya atau kedai runcit yang berdekatan untuk membeli

barangan runcit. Saban hari, kita disajikan di dada akhbar berkenaaan dengan

harga barangan runcit yang semakin naik. Pengguna-pengguna di Malaysia

sangat sensitif terhadap harga barangan ini. Mereka inginkan simpanan yang

terbaik apabila membeli barangan runcit tetapi tidak tahu tempat untuk membeli.

Pengguna perlulah bijak membandingkan harga barangan di pasaraya-pasaraya.

Smart Grocery adalah satu aplikasi di mana pengguna boleh berkongsi harga

barangan runcit di setiap lokasi yang mereka kunjungi. Ini memudahkan

pengguna yang lain untuk mencari dan membandingkan harga barangan runcit

yang dikongsi. Seterusnya, mereka boleh memilih harga barangan runcit yang

lebih murah di pasaraya yang terpilih. Projek ini akan dibangunkan sebagai

aplikasi mobil yang menggunakan perisian ‘Android Studio’.

v

CONTENTS

PAGE

DECLARATION i

CONFIRMATION ii

ABSTRACT iii

ABSTRAK iv

CONTENTS v

LIST OF TABLES vii

LIST OF FIGURES viii

CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION

1.1 Introduction 1

1.2 Problem statement 2

1.3 Objectives 2

1.4

1.5

Scopes

Limitation of Works

3

4

1.6 Expected Result 4

CHAPTER II LITERATURE REVIEW

2.1 Introduction 5

2.2 Review of Research Paper 5

2.3 Review of Existing Application 6

2.4 Operational Definition 7

2.5 Summary 8

CHAPTER III

METHODOLOGY

3.1 Introduction 9

3.2 Project Development Methodology

3.1.1 Planning 10

3.1.2 Analysis 10

3.1.3 Design 11

3.1.4 Implementation and Testing 11

3.1.5 Maintenance 11

vi

3.3 Gantt Chart 12

3.4 Requirement Analysis

3.2.1 Software Requirement 13

3.2.2 Hardware Requirement 13

3.5 System Design

3.5.1 Framework Design 14

3.5.2 Process Model 14

3.5.3 Data Model 17

3.5.4 Database Design 24

3.5.5 Interface Design 28

3.5.6 Algorithms 35

3.6 Summary 36

REFERENCES 37

vii

LIST OF TABLES

TABLE TITLE PAGE

2.1 Comparison between three existing application 6

3.1 Example of feedback 35

3.2 Result of items 35

viii

LIST OF FIGURES

FIGURE TITLE PAGE

2.1 Bayesian Average Formula 8

3.1 Waterfall Model 10

3.2 Gantt Chart 12

3.3 Framework Design 14

3.4 Flowchart of Login 14

3.5 Flowchart of Register 15

3.6 Flowchart of Manage Item 15

3.7 Flowchart of Search Item 16

3.8 Flowchart of Manage Feedback 16

3.9 Context Diagram 17

3.10 Data Flow Diagram Level 0 18

3.11 DFD Level 1 : Manage Account 19

3.12 DFD Level 1: Manage Grocery 20

3.13 DFD Level 1: Search item 21

3.14 DFD Level 1: Manage feedback 22

3.15 Entity Relationship Diagram 23

3.16 User table 24

3.17 Share table 24

3.18 Items table 25

3.19 Item Category table 25

3.20 Store table 26

3.21 Location table 26

3.22 Store Container table 27

3.23 Feedback table 27

3.24 Login UI 28

3.25 Register UI 28

3.26 Home UI 29

3.27 Search Result UI 29

3.28 Item Category UI 30

3.29 Item Information UI 30

3.30 Add Item UI 31

3.31 Add Store UI 31

3.32 My Account UI 32

3.33 Update Profile UI 32

3.34 My Share Item UI 33

3.35 Update Item UI 33

3.36 Update Stote UI 34

3.37 Delete Item UI 34

3.38 Bayesian Average 35

3.39 Generate Result 36

ix

x

xi

1

CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTION

1.1 Background

Half of smartphone owners using a smartphone while shopping. According to

How smartphone are Changing the Retail Shopping Experience, 66% of compare

price of the product is the top reason for using a smartphone while shopping besides

58% of find the nearest store location.(Brant Cruz,Jeff Mckenna, 2011). There are few

mobile application are used for comparing price. This application will discussed in

Chapter 2.

Shopping for grocery can be stressful but it is the one thing most everyone

will need to do. Malaysian consumers are very sensitive about price when purchasing

any item. According to Important Determinant of Consumers Retail Selection

Decision in Malaysia, in Malaysia market, there are many types of grocery retailer

such as foreign hypermarket, local hypermarket, and traditional grocery outlet.(Che

Aniza Che Wel,Siti Rahayu Hussin,Nor Asiah Omar, Sallehuddin Mohd Nor,2012)

Consumers have more choice in choosing the place where they can do a purchase for

grocery item.

Grocery Price Sharing and Comparison Application is a project based Android

OS application which enable the user to share the grocery item price. A user can be

the informer and also informed. As an informer, they can manage a grocery

information such as price, category, item brand, description, discount, store name and

store location. The informed can search grocery item and compare it with another

similar item in the different store. The aim of this project is to easier the user to share

grocery items and also the user can make a comparison for grocery item in the

different grocery store.

2

1.2 Problem Statement

Nowadays, the consumer needs to be smart when purchasing for grocery

items. Statistic showed that grocery price varies in the different grocery store. The

brands and weight for items are the same, but their price differences. Therefore, a

consumer needs to make a comparison to get the best price and the best deals.

There also a problem when a consumer wants to find the lowest price in every

grocery store, a consumer need to spend their time and energy to find and compare the

cheapest grocery items. Besides, a consumer does not know where store they should

purchase to have the greatest saving. The solution for this problem is to develop a

mobile application that able to track the cheapest price of grocery.

1.3 Objectives

The objectives of development this mobile application are:-

1. To propose a mobile application that help users to search and find the

cheapest grocery goods.

2. To develop and implement a mobile application that easy users to compare

price and discover grocery store that most convenient.

3. To test and evaluate the effectiveness and how the application function from a

user perspective.

3

1.4 Scopes

The scope of this application is divided into two:-

1.4.1 User Scope

Informer

i) Manage grocery details

Informed

i) Search grocery details

ii) Compare grocery price

iii) View grocery information.

iv) Manage feedback

1.4.2 System scope

I. Registration system

The users must register to create new account. After register, user can log in to

enter this application

II. Searching and comparing grocery

The user can search grocery information by entering keyword. The result

showed and the user can compare price with other similar item.

III. Manage grocery

The user can share grocery details such as price, category, and brand. The user

also needs to provide store information such as store name and location.

Besides, the user also can update item. For example, if the price of item

changes, the user can update it by modifying the price of the item.

IV. Feedback

This application allows the user to give a rating to each grocery goods.

4

1.5 Limitation Of Works

1. This mobile application does not provide a function for online purchasing.

This application only provides modules for user sharing. The user also can search and

view items.

2. This mobile application was proposed is only limit to sharing and compare

groceries price only.

1.6 Expected Result

1. This application will develop using android platform. This application will be

develop using Android Studio.

2. This application will help a consumers to search and find the cheapest

groceries.

5

CHAPTER II

LITERATURE REVIEW

2.1 Introduction

This chapter discusses on a literature review for the Grocery Price Sharing and

Comparison Application (Smart Grocery) and Bayesian Average Algorithm. A

literature review is a list of separate reviews of articles and books (Miss Harvey,

2010). There are few research have been reviewed to get some overview about

existing application, and related technique involved. Bayesian Average is used to

calculate feedback from users and then will generate a result from feedback.

2.2 Review of Existed Research Papers

There are few research papers that related to added value in this application.

One of them is Bayesian Personalized Ranking from Implicit Feedback by Steffen

Rendle, Christoph Freudenthaler, Zeno Gantner and Lars Schmidt-Thieme from

University of Hildesheim, Germany. This research focuses on item recommendation

and predicting a personalized ranking on a set of items such as products, movies, and

websites. The recommendation is important in information systems. Such as in online

shopping websites like Amazon, if the user might be interested in any product,

Amazon will provide each personalized customer recommendations of products. This

research present Bayesian Personalized Ranking for the item prediction task of

personalized ranking to provide a ranked list of items to users.

6

Another research paper is Ranking Products by Bayesian Estimates by

Jonathan Bhaskar and Pratik Goswami. This research paper focusing on the problem

of user rating on Web applications such as product review on Amazon, or the hotel

ranking on Trip Advisor. Stated in this paper, the rating is divided into two types:

popularity and rating. Popularity is the ranking based on the number of reviews and

the number of times the particular product is visited. This ranking common to see a

very low rated product with a lot of ratings that ranked higher than a product. For

example Popularity on Amazon. Another type of ranking is rating. Rating is based on

average rating of the products. The main purpose of this research paper is to compare

some of the ways to combine both types into one single ranking. There are two

challenges in doing this. Firstly, there is no easy way to do this. So, the most popular

way is using Bayesian Average which requires an understanding of Bayesian

probability. Moreover, the quality of the product is very subjective, hence, a hard task

to do is guessing what type of ranking system works best.

2.3 Review of Existed Mobile Application

There are three existing application will be reviewed in this chapter. These

applications are Smart Shopper Malaysia, My Smart Price and Shop Savvy. Smart

Shopper is an application that display product from different retailers like AEON,

Giant, Econsave, Tesco and so on. My Smart Price is an application from India. This

application compares price in 100s shopping sites including Amazon, Snapdeal,

Myntra, Jabong, eBay and many more. This application is categorized as price

comparing software. Shop Savvy is a mobile application that use a barcode scanner to

scan products. This application also can compare price, find an online and local store

that providing those product, and watch for price drops.

Smart Shopper MySmartPrice ShopSavvy

Registration / / x

Sharing Product x x x

Rating Feature x / /

Search Feature / / /

Table 2.1 : Comparison between three existing application

7

2.4 Operational Definition

The explanation of the term for this application as below:

2.4.1 Mobile Application

This application is developed as a mobile application. Nowadays, a mobile

application or apps is the most popular usage and becoming very popular. A mobile

application can define as a type of application software run on mobile devices such as

a smartphone or tablet computer. A definition of smartphone is a mobile phone with

an operating system like iOS, Android, Windows Phone, Palm or Blackberry that

offer internet connection and allow the user to install an application. (David G. Taylor

Michael Levin, 2014). One of the advantages using a mobile application is the highly

accessible. It make this Smart Grocery apps can be accessed from anywhere by

anytime.

2.4.2 Bayesian Average Algorithm

In this application. the Bayesian Average is used to calculate the feedback of

items. The Bayesian Average Algorithm is usually used in most rating system to

determine a ranking of products. For example, it is applied by Amazon, Youtube, and

iTunes. The algorithm is a calculation of an object ranking based on the credibility of

the ratings it receives. According to Bayesian Average Rating, Bayesian Average

Rating is an excellent way to sort items with up-votes and down-votes.(Evan

Miller,2012)).

Figure 2.1 shows the formula of Bayesian Average.

8

Figure 2.1: Bayesian Average Formula

2.5 Summary

This chapter discusses the review of research papers. The research papers had

been compared to complete this chapter. In this chapter, studies is made on the

algorithm used in developing this application. Aside from algorithm, studies on the

mobile application also been carried out to know more.

9

CHAPTER III

METHODOLOGY

3.1 Introduction

There are many system development methodologies and vary regarding

progression that is followed by the phase of the SDLC. To implement the SDLC, a

methodology is a formalized approach to do. Waterfall Development is the model

choose to develop this mobile application. SDLC Model is a framework that described

the activities performed at each stage at software development project.

3.2 Project Development Methodology

The methodology that used in developing this application is Waterfall Model.

The Waterfall Model is the first SDLC approach that was used for software

development. Any phase in the development process will begin if the previous phase

is complete. Once the work produced in one phase is approved, the phase ends and the

next phase begins.

Advantages of Waterfall Model is identifying requirements long before

programming begin. Another advantage of Waterfall is limiting changes to the

requirements as the project proceeds. Furthermore, Waterfall Model is easy to use and

easy to understand.

10

3.2.1 Planning phase

Based on this model, the first thing to be planned is brainstorming the idea and

discuss about title of the project with supervisor. While proposing the title of the

project, an abstract about the proposed project also being attached together. In this

phase, Gantt chart is also constructed to carry out all plan activities accordingly as

scheduled.

3.2.2 Analysis Phase

In this phase, all requirement of the application is being collected. Problem

statement, objective and scope of the project are defined. Through observation, all the

detailed information is being collected. During this phase, to know well about the

Figure 3.1: Waterfall Model

11

added value for this application, the literature review about current research paper also

made.

3.2.3 Design Phase

After identifying the requirements of the project, the design for the application,

database and interface based on requirement analysis. The design phase pictures an

overall view of the application. There are a few diagram that are necessary in design

such as Context Diagram, Data Flow Diagram, Entity Relationship Diagram and also

User Interface. The design of the database is needed to avoid data redundancy.

3.2.4 Implementation and Testing

This phase is also known as development, construction or coding. After the

design is fully completed, start to create a coding for the database and interface

design. In this phase, an application will develop using Android Studio, MySQL, and

XamppServer.

After implementation is complete, an application is tested. Any faults and

errors will find here. It will perform all the testing activities to make sure if it work as

expected and an application meets the requirements

3.2.5 Maintenance

System maintenance is a final phase in Waterfall Model. In this phase, it will

make sure that the application is up and running in the respective environment.

12

3.3 Gantt Chart

Figure 3.2 Gantt Chart

13

3.4 Requirement Analysis

3.4.1 Software Requirement

Software have been selected to be used for this project are:

Android Studio

Xampp

Microsoft Office

Google Chrome

3.4.2 Hardware Requirement

Hardware requirement for this project are:

Laptop

Printer

Android Phone

Hard disk

14

3.5 System Design

3.5.1 Framework Design

The framework for this apps is generally being defined as below:

3.5.2 Process Model

3.5.2.1 Login

Figure 3.3 Framework Design

Figure 3.4 Flowchart of login

15

3.5.2.2 Register

Figure 3.5 Flowchart of Register

3.5.2.3 Manage item

Figure 3.6 Flowchart of Manage item

16

3.5.2.4 Search item

Figure 3.7 Flowchart of Search item

3.5.2.5 Manage Feedback

Figure 3.8 Flowchart of Manage Feedback

17

3.5.3 Data Model

3.5.3.1 Context Diagram

Context Diagram shows the overall business process in just one process and

shows the data flows to and from external entities. There have one external entity

which is the user. The user required to register and login into this application before

they can access the application. User is able to manage grocery details. User also can

search, view the grocery details and also give feedback for grocery item.

3.5.3.2 Data Flow Diagram (DFD) Level 0

Data Flow Diagram (DFD) start with the information in the requirements

definition. There are four symbols are used on DFD Level 0 (processes, data flows,

data stores and external entities).

Figure 3.9: Context Diagram

18

Figure 3.10 DFD Level 0

This level defines the process that can be done by the user. There have four

processes in DFD Level 0. User can manage account. User details will be stored in

user data store. User then can manage item. The grocery details then be saved to item

data store. User is also enables to search item. User will request searching of item and

system then will process the searched data and display requested item. The last

process that can be done by user is manage feedback.

19

3.5.3.3 DFD Level 1 (Manage Account)

This level defines the process of manage user account. User must first

register before login. The login process is by inputting email and password. The email

and password then be matching from User data store. User is also enables to manage

the profile details. User can update user profile. The new update data will be stored in

User data store.

Figure 3.11 DFD Level 1 : Manage Account

20

3.5.3.4 DFD Level 1 (Manage Grocery)

Figure 3.12 DFD Level 1: Manage Grocery

This level defined the processes involved in manage grocery process. A user

can add the item and new grocery details will be stored in Item data store. Besides,

user also can add store details. Store details will be stored in Store data store. User is

also enables to update and delete grocery details.

21

3.5.3.5 DFD Level 1 (Search item)

This level defined the processes involved in Search item process. User needs

to input the keyword for search request. The system will then process the grocery

details and will be display item details to the user.

Figure 3.13 DFD Level 1: Search item

22

3.5.3.6 DFD Level 1 (Manage Feedback)

This level defined the processes involved in Manage Feedback process. User

will be select the item for rate. User then will give feedback for selected item. The

system will then calculate the feedback to generate the status feedback. The feedback

status then will be stored in Feedback data store.

Figure 3.14 DFD Level 1: Manage feedback

23

3.5.3.7 Entity Relationship Diagram (ERD)

ERD is the common technique for drawing a data model to representing the

data that are used and created. Below is an ERD for this application. It show that the

ERD has six entities, which are user, share, item, store, store container and feedback.

Figure 3.15 Entity Relationship Diagram

24

3.5.4 Database Design

3.5.4.1 Table 1: user

User table is store details about user details. It have four attributes email

(primary key), name, phone and password.

Figure 3.16 User table

3.5.4.2 Table 2: share

Share table is to stored details about share item made by user. It have four

attributes shareID, email (foreign key from user table), itemID (foreign key from item

table) and date.

Figure 3.17 share table

25

3.5.4.3 Table 3: Items

Items table is to store details about list of items shared by user. It have four

attributes: itemID (primary key), brand, description and categoryID.

Figure 3.18 items table

3.5.4.4 Table 4: Item category

Item category is to store details about category of item. It have two attributes :

categoryID(primary key) and itemtype.

Figure 3.19 item category table

3.5.4.5 Table 5: store

Store table is to store details about store. It have three attributes storeID

(primary key) and name.

26

Figure 3.20 store table

3.5.4.6 Table 6: location

Location table is to store details about store location. It have three attributes

locationID(primary key),storeID and location.

Figure 3.21 location table

3.5.4.7 Table 7: store container

Store container table is to store details about item and store. It have five

attributes: storecontainerID (primary key), itemID (foreign key from table item,

storeID (foreign key from table store), price, discount, startdate and enddate.

27

Figure 3.22 store container table

3.5.4.8 Table 8: feedback

Feedback table is to store details about feedback that made by user. It have

five attributes feedbackID (primary key), email (foreign key from table user), itemID

(foreign key from table item), value and status.

Figure 3.23 feedback table

28

3.5.5 Interface Design

Login UI

Figure 3.24 Login UI

Register UI

Figure 3.25 Register UI

The first thing to do before user using this

application is login activity. User need to enter

email and password in order to login. Then user

can press on to login button.

User does not have an account need to register

here. User needs to enter name, email, phone

number, password and password confirmation.

29

Home UI

Figure 3.26 Home UI

Search Result UI

Figure 3.27 Search Result UI

Home page is the first interface after user login.

The category item list will display in home UI.

By pressing on any category item in the list,

users are able to see list of items. In search bar,

user can type keyword to search item. Then, it

will display the result in another UI.

User can search item by typing the keyword.

Then, the search result will displayed in this

page.

30

Item category UI

Figure 3.28 Item Category UI

Item information UI

Figure 3.29 Item Information UI

This interface will display all the items from the

same category. For example beverage category.

User can press on the item to display all

information about the item.

This interface will display the

information for selected item.

31

Add item UI

Figure 3.30 Add Item UI

Add store

Figure 2.31 Add Store UI

This interface allow user to add item

details. User need to upload image of

item. Users also need to input item name,

description, price and select category of

items. In discount input field, user can

enter discount if items have an offer.

Users need to input store store

name and store location.

32

My account UI

Figure 3.32 My Account UI

Update profile UI

Figure 3.33 Update Profile UI

This interface shows update profile button,

my share items button and logout button.

Users can press on each button.

This interface allow user to update user

details. For instance, user want to

change user name, so user can do it

here.

33

My Share Item UI

Figure 3.34 My Share Item UI

Update item UI

Figure 3.35 Update Item UI

This interface display list of user share

item. It allow user to edit or delete the item.

This interface allow users to change their

share item. For instance, user want to

change item price.

34

Update store UI

Figure 3.36 Update Store UI

Delete item UI

Figure 3.37 Delete Item UI

This interface allow user change item store.

This interface allow user to delete item.

User can press delete button, system will

confirm with user whether to delete the

item or not.

35

3.5.6 Algorithm/Technique

This section will describe in detail on how Bayesian Average is be

implemented in the calculation of feedback to get the result of each item either

excellent, good, okay, bad or very bad in this application. Bayesian Average Formula

as shown in Figure 3.18.

3.5.6.1 Calculation of Bayesian Average

Table 3.1 example of feedback

For example, Table 3.1 shows three items that assigned as Item ID 001, 002

and 003. For item 001, one user has rated five stars and average rating is 5. Then,

three users have rated item 002 with 3,2 and 3 stars each and average rating is 2.7.

Lastly, item 003 have been rated by two users with 4 and three stars each and average

rating is 3.4. The average number of votes for all item is 2. Meanwhile, average rating

for all item is 3.333. The calculation of rating value as shown below:-

Item 001 = (2*3.333)+(1*5))/(2+1) =3.9

Item 002 = (2*3.333)+(3*2.67))/(2+3) =2.94

Item 003 = (2*3.333)+(2*3.5))/(2+2) =3.42

Item ID Feedback Value

001 5

002 3

002 2

002 3

003 4

003 3

Figure 3.38 Bayesian Average

36

After calculation the rating, it will generate the result of each item. Figure 3.19 shows

how the result will be generated. Table 3.2 shows the result of items.

Table 3.2 Result of items

3.6 Summary

This chapter discusses the methodology specification used for development

this application and hardware and software required to develop this mobile

application. The chosen methodology is Waterfall Model. All the phases involved in

this methodology had been clearly defined in this chapter. Besides, system design

such as database design, framework design and process model also had been showed

in this chapter. The design is important to ensure the system being developed

according to the requirement.

Item ID Average rating Result

001 3.9 Okay

002 2.9 Bad

003 3.4 Okay

Figure 3.39 Generate Result

37

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