Grammar Arabic AT-03

Quranic Arabic

Program

At end of this module, you will be able to understand 20-25% of Arabic books

on religion.

Module AT02: Arabic Text

(Answers)Muhammad Mubashir Nazir / Muhammad Shakeel Asim

www.islamic-studies.info

Quranic Arabic Program Module AT032

Table of Contents

Description Page

Lesson 1: The Quranic Concept of Personality 3

Lesson 2: Who did break the idols? 12

Lesson 3: Arabic Poetry 26

Lesson 4: Islamic Family Law 34

Lesson 5: The Night Prayer of the Prophet صلى اهللا عليه وآله وسلم 41

Lesson 6: The Story of Yousuf (Joseph) عليه الصلوة والسالم 51


لغن إما إحسانا وبالوالدين إياه إال تـعبدوا أال ربك وقضى .مخذوال مذموما فـتـقعد آخر إلها الله مع تجعل ال عندك يـبـهرهما وال أف لهما تـقل فال كالهما أو أحدهما الكبـر .كريما قـوال لهما وقل تـنـ

Don’t make another god with Allah, lest you sit back, condemned, forsaken. Your Lord has decreed to you

that: You have to worship none except Him. You have to be generous with your parents. When anyone of

them or both of them reach at old age, don’t say to them any word of contempt and don’t scold them. Talk

with both of them in kind words.

ل جناح لهما واخفض حمة من الذوقل الر بياني كما ارحمهما ركم .صغيرا ربـتكونوا إن نـفوسكم في بما أعلم رب .غفورا لألوابين كان فإنه صالحين

Lower the wing of kindness humbly for both of them and say, 'O Lord! Be merciful to both of them as

they cherished me in childhood.' You Lord better knows what is in your minds if you are pious. Surely He

is the forgiver for those who repent.

WordExplanationWordExplanationWordExplanation

Lowerاخفض Being generousإحسانا Don’t makeال تجعل

You sit (also used forتـقعد

'she sits') لغن Wingجناح They reachيـبـ

HumblenessالذلOld age الكبـر Defamed, condemnedمذموما

Be merciful to both ofارحمهماBoth of themكالهماForsaken, helplessمخذوال

them

Both of them cherishedربـيانيDon’t sayال تـقل He decidedقضى

me

أالThat you should not, it

is أن ال أفAn Arabic word to show

lack of respect Your personalities, pluralنـفوسكم

of نفس

هر The parentsالوالدين أواب Repentants, plural ofاألوابين Don’t scold, don’t rebukeال تـنـ

Lesson 1: The Quranic Concept of Personality

The Result

Compare your translation. Each line carried ten marks. If your score is below 80%, repeat the test.

Do you know?

A specific type of Arabic Poetry is called رثى ، مرثية. These are the poems which are

written to express grief at death of a person or in case of a disaster. Positive attributes

of the deceased person are described in it.


بيل وابن والمسكين حقه القربى ذا وآت ر وال الستـبذيرا تـبذ. رين إنياطين إخوان كانوا المبذ يطان وكان الش ه الشلرب .كفورا

Give the relatives, poor and (the needy) travelers their right. Don’t spend in an extravagant manner. Surelythe people who spend lavishly are the brother of Satans and the Satan is thankless for his Lord.

هم تـعرضن وإما كل تـبسطها وال عنقك إلى مغلولة يدك تجعل وال .ميسورا قـوال لهم فـقل تـرجوها ربك من رحمة ابتغاء عنـ.بصيرا خبيرا بعباده كان إنه ويـقدر يشاء لمن الرزق يـبسط ربك إن .محسورا ملوما فـتـقعد البسط

If you have to avoid them (needy and poor) because you are waiting for blessings of your Lord, then talk

to them courteously. Don’t hang your hand with your neck (miserly) and also don’t stretch it fully (for

over spending), lest you will sit back blameworthy and destitute. Surely your Lord stretches the

sustenance for whom He wishes and plan it (for whom He wishes). Surely He is Well-informed andObserving for his slaves.

لهم إن وإياكم نـرزقـهم نحن إمالق خشية أوالدكم تـقتـلوا وال وساء فاحشة كان إنه الزنى تـقربوا وال .كبيرا خطئا كان قـتـ.سبيال

Don’t kill your children due to fear of poverty. We provide them sustenance to them and you. Surely

killing them is a great blunder. Don’t go near to fornication. Surely it is a shameful deed and an evil way.

Don’t follow (someone blindly) for what you do have knowledge. (Use your ability to listen, observe and

think.) Surely you will be made accountable for all of your abilities to listen, to observe and to think.



He gives with planningيـقدر You hope for itتـرجوهاGiveآت

You children, plural ofأوالدكم Softميسورا Relativesذا القربى

ولد

ر ال تـبذDon’t spend lavishly مغلولةTied خشيةFear

Squandering, spendingتـبذيرا

lavishlyPoverty, destitutionإمالق Your neckعنقك

Persons who spendالمبذرين

lavishlyAdultery, fornicationالزنىYou do not stretch itال تـبسطها

Shameful, lackingفاحشة Stretchingالبسط أخي Brothers, plural ofإخوان

modesty

Denier, a thanklessكفورا

person, ungrateful We provide themنـرزقـهم Blamable, blameworthyملوما

sustenance

تـعرضنYou want to avoid محسوراDestitute, poor خطئاMistake, blunder

Worseساء He stretchesيـبسط Seeking, aiming atابتغاء


كان إنه القتل في يسرف فال سلطانا لوليه جعلنا فـقد مظلوما قتل ومن بالحق إال الله حرم التي النـفس تـقتـلوا وال.منصورا

Don’t kill a person whose Allah has forbidden except in case of a legal right (decreed by a court of law).

Whoever killed a person unjustly, We have made his heirs authorized (to put a lawsuit). They should notgo beyond the limits in retribution. Surely they will be helped.

لغ حتى أحسن هي بالتي إال اليتيم مال تـقربوا وال ه يـبـ بالعهد وأوفوا أشد كلتم إذا الكيل وأوفوا .مسئوال كان العهد إن ر ذلك المستقيم بالقسطاس وزنوا أولئك كل والفؤاد والبصر السمع إن علم به لك ليس ما تـقف وال .تأويال وأحسن خيـ .مسئوال عنه كان

Don’t go near to the wealth of the orphans except in the best way (with sincerity) until he reaches at

maturity. Fulfill your contracts, surely the contract will definitely be asked for. Give full measure

whenever you measure. Weigh with the even scale. That is the best way and the best at the end.



He forbade, heحرم

protectedلغ Balance, scaleالقسطاس He reachedيـبـ

He was killedقتل

(passive voice)ه أشدHis maturity age المستقيمStraight, right, even

Interpretation, at the endتأويال CompleteأوفواWe madeجعلنا

Don’t track, don’tال تـقف Promise, contract, oathالعهد His guardian, his heirوليه

pursue

Government, king, aسلطانا

legal rightAbility to listenالسمع Made responsibleمسئوال

He should not crossال يسرف

the limitsAbility to seeالبصر Measure, scaleالكيل

Ability to think, heartالفؤاد You measureكلتم Helpedمنصورا

You all should weighزنواThe best, betterأحسن

Face the Challenge!

What is the difference between words إذ ، إذا?


لغ ولن األرض تخرق لن إنك مرحا األرض في تمش وال مما ذلك .مكروها ربك عند سيئه كان ذلك كل .طوال الجبال تـبـ)39-17:22 إسرائيل بني( .مدحورا ملوما جهنم في فـتـلقى آخر إلها الله مع تجعل وال الحكمة من ربك إليك أوحى

Don’t walk on the earth arrogantly. Surely you can neither rend the earth nor you can reach at the height

of the mountains. All that (attitudes) are evil and hateful in the sight of your Lord. (O Prophet!) That is

from the wisdom your Lord has revealed to you. (O People!) Don’t make any other deity with Allah,otherwise you will be cast to the hell being blameworthy and rejected.

.وقياما سجدا لربهم يبيتون والذين .سالما قالوا الجاهلون خاطبـهم وإذا هونا األرض على يمشون الذين الرحمن وعباد لم أنفقوا إذا والذين .ومقاما مستـقرا ساءت إنـها .غراما كان عذابـها إن جهنم عذاب عنا اصرف ربـنا يـقولون والذين .قـواما ذلك بـين وكان يـقتـروا ولم يسرفوا

The slaves of The Merciful are those who walk on the earth humbly and when arrogant people address

them (to engage them in useless dialogues), they say, 'Peace on you' (to get rid of these people.) Those

who spend their nights to prostrate and stand in prayer for their Lord. Those who say, 'O our Lord! Avert

the punishment of the hell from us. Surely its punishment is horrible.' Surely it is the worst abode and

dwelling place. Those who, when they spend, are neither extravagant nor stingy. They stand at the middle

position.


Standing for prayerقياما Rejectedمدحورا Don’t walkال تمش

!Send away! Avertاصرف عبد Slaves, plural ofعباد Arrogantlyمرحا

You did not rend, youلن تخرق

did not tearGrievous, horribleغراما They walkيمشون

It became worseساءت Humbly, with humilityهونا In length, in heightطوال

Place to stay, residenceمستـقرا He speaks to themخاطبـهم His evilسيئه

Ignorant, arrogant withالجاهلون Not liked, hatedمكروها

ignoranceStanding placeمقاما

Peace on you forسالما He revealedأوحى

avoiding them They do not spendلم يسرفوا

lavishly

They do not spendلم يـقتـرواThey do at night timeيبيتون Wisdomالحكمة

miserly

Standing, firmقـواما Prostratingسجدا You will be sentتـلقى



.أثاما يـلق ذلك يـفعل ومن يـزنون وال بالحق إال الله حرم التي النـفس يـقتـلون وال آخر إلها الله مع يدعون ال والذين سيئاتهم الله يـبدل فأولئك صالحا عمال وعمل وآمن تاب من إال .مهانا فيه ويخلد القيامة يـوم العذاب له يضاعف .متابا الله إلى يـتوب فإنه صالحا وعمل تاب ومن .رحيما غفورا الله وكان حسنات

Those who do not call any god with Allah, they do not kill any person whose Allah has protected except in

case of a legal right. They do not fornicate. Whoever does so, he will be punished for that sin. On the Day

of Judgment, the punishment will increase multiple time for him and he will stay in it with disgrace.

Except those who repented, believed and performed good deeds, so Allah shall replace their sins with

good deeds. Allah is surely the Most Forgiving, the Merciful. Whoever repented and did good deeds,surely he has turned to Allah with a good turn.

روا إذا والذين .كراما مروا باللغو مروا وإذا الزور يشهدون ال والذين هم بآيات ذكوا لم ربها يخر والذين .وعميانا صما عليـ.إماما للمتقين واجعلنا أعين قـرة وذرياتنا أزواجنا من لنا هب ربـنا يـقولون

Those who do not bear witness to falsehood. When they pass by useless activities, they pass with dignity.

Those when they are reminded with the verses of their Lord, they do not turn a deaf ear and a blind eye to

them. Those who say, 'O our Lord! Make our spouses and our children to be comfort to our eyes. Make us

the leaders of God-fearing people (i.e. give us lead in good deeds not in evil practices.)'


Their mistakes, plural ofسيئاتهم They do not callال يدعون

Non sense, uselessاللغو سيئة

Respectfullyكراما حسنة Good deeds, plural ofحسنات They do not killال يـقتـلون

They do not performال يـزنون

fornicationرواForgiverغفورا ذكThey are reminded

They do not fallلم يخرواHe repented, he turned backتاب He meets / he findsيـلق

Deafصما He repents, he turns backيـتوب Sinأثاما

It will be increasedيضاعف

multiple timesBlindعميانا Repenting, returning backمتابا

He will remain for aيخلد

long periodGive usهب لناThey do not witnessال يشهدون

Our progeny, pluralذرياتناFalsehood, untruthالزور Insultedمهانا

of ذرية

He changes / willيـبدل

change ,Comfort for the eyesقـرة أعين They passedمروا

plural of عين



روا بما الغرفة يجزون أولئك فـقد دعاؤكم لوال ربي بكم يـعبأ ما قل .ومقاما مستـقرا حسنت فيها خالدين .وسالما تحية فيها ويـلقون صبـبـتم 77-25:63 الفرقان( .لزاما يكون فسوف كذ(

Those are the ones who will be rewarded with a lofty place for their patience. They will be welcomed with

greetings and salutations. They will live forever at that excellent dwelling and excellent living place. Say,

'My Lord does not care whether you call Him (or not). You have denied (His call), so soon the inevitablewill happen.'

نا ولقد يا يعظه وهو البنه لقمان قال وإذ .حميد غني الله فإن كفر ومن لنـفسه يشكر فإنما يشكر ومن لله اشكر أن الحكمة لقمان آتـيـ ه تشرك ال بـنيبالل رك إنعظيم لظلم الش.

We gave the wisdom to Luqman to be thankful to Allah. Whoever becomes thankful (to Allah), surely he

becomes thankful to himself. And whoever becomes thankless, then Allah is free of all wants, Worthy of

all praise. Remember when Luqman said to his son while he was enjoining him: 'O my son! Don’tassociate someone with Allah. Surely the polytheism is a great offence.'

نا بي تشرك أن على جاهداك وإن .المصير إلي ولوالديك لي اشكر أن عامين في وفصاله وهن على وهنا أمه حملته بوالديه اإلنسان ووصيـهما تطعهما فال علم به لك ليس ما نـيا في وصاحبـ بع معروفا الدأناب من سبيل وات إلي ثم ئكم مرجعكم إليتـعملون كنتم بما فأنـب .

We instructed the man for his parents. His mother carried him in her womb while suffering weakness over

weakness and then weaning him for two years. So you should be thankful for Me and for your parents.

Your returning place is to Me. If both of them (your parents) argue with you to associate a deity with Me

and you do not have any knowledge about such false god, then don’t follow both of them. Treat them in

worldly matters in a good way. Follow the way of the person who returned to Me, then all of you have to

return to Me, then I will inform you about what you used to do.


Leader, one who is atإماما

the frontHis motherأمه Inevitableلزاما

ناThey will be rewardedيجزون Weaknessوهنا We gaveآتـيـ

Weaning himفصاله To be thankfulأن اشكر Room, dwelling placeالغرفة

Two yearsعامين He thanksيشكر They will meetيـلقون

He denies, he becomesكفر Salutationتحية

unthankfulThe place to reachالمصير

Both of them try, bothجاهداHe admonishesيعظ It became goodحسنت

of them argue

ناHe does not careيـعبأ We admonished, weوصيـ

bequeathedDon’t obey both of themال تطعهما

هماHis both parentsوالديه Your call, your prayerدعاؤكم Deal with both of themصاحبـ

تم بـ كذYou denied حملتShe carried معروفاGood manners



لطيف الله إن الله بها يأت األرض في أو السموات في أو صخرة في فـتكن خردل من حبة مثـقال تك إن إنـها بـني يا.خبير

'O my son! Surely if there is a something equivalent to the weight of a grain of mustard seed lying on a

rock or in the heavens or in the earth, Allah will bring it (into light). Surely Allah is Well-Informed and

Knowledgeable of the finest details.'

ك تصعر وال .األمور عزم من ذلك إن أصابك ما على واصبر المنكر عن وانه بالمعروف وأمر الصالة أقم بـني يا خد .فخور مختال كل يحب ال الله إن مرحا األرض في تمش وال للناس

'O my son! Establish the prayer, enjoin good and forbid evil, and be patient on what befalls you. It is at

part of the determination in your affairs. Don’t turn you cheek from the people (with arrogance) and don’twalk on the earth arrogantly. Surely Allah does not like any self-conceited boaster person.

)19-31:12 لقمان( .الحمير لصوت األصوات أنكر إن صوتك من واغضض مشيك في واقصد

Be moderate in your pace and lower your voice. Surely the harshest of the sounds is the braying of a

donkey.


Your cheekخدك Informedخبير Followاتبع

Arrogantlyمرحا !Establishأقم He returnedأناب

!Instruct! Preach! Adviseأمر Your place of returnمرجعكم

Enjoin! ال يحبHe does not like

,Self conceited, proudمختال Well-known good practicesالمعروف I inform youأنـبئكم

arrogant

Proud, Boasterفخور !Forbidانه Is, beتك

Keep your paceاقصد مشيك Well-known evil practicesالمنكر At the weight ofمثـقال

medium

!Lowerاغضض Be patientاصبر A grainحبة

Your voiceصوتك It hit you, it reached youأصابك Mustard seedخردل

The harshestأنكر Determinationعزم A rockصخرة

,Matters, affairs, decisionsاألمور He brings itيأت بها

plural of األصوات أمرSounds, plural of صوت

Knowledgeable on theلطيف

finest detailsDonkeyالحمير Don’t turn arrogantlyال تصعر



يا الحياة فمتاع شيء من أوتيتم فما نـ ه عند وما الدر الل كبائر يجتنبون والذين .يـتـوكلون ربهم وعلى آمنوا للذين وأبـقى خيـ.يـغفرون هم غضبوا ما وإذا والفواحش اإلثم

So you are provided with whatever anything, it is an enjoyment of this world. Whatever is with Allah, is

better and permanent for the believers. They trust in their Lord. (The believers are) those who abstain

from major sins and shameful deeds. When they become angry, they forgive (others).

نـهم شورى وأمرهم الصالة وأقاموا لربهم استجابوا والذين ناهم ومما بـيـ هم البـغي أصابـهم إذا والذين .يـنفقون رزقـ)39-42:36 شورى( .يـنتصرون

Those who respond to their Lord, establish the prayers, their (collective) matters are decided by mutual

consultation, whatever We have provided them, they spend from it (in Allah’s way). Those when they aretargeted by an affliction, they help (each other).

لح قد والذين .فاعلون للزكاة هم والذين .معرضون اللغو عن هم والذين .خاشعون صالتهم في هم الذين .المؤمنون أفـر فإنـهم أيمانـهم ملكت ما أو أزواجهم على إال .حافظون لفروجهم هم .ملومين غيـ

Surely the believers became successful. Those who are God-fearing during their prayers. Those who avoid

useless things. Those who are the payer for the mandatory charity. Those who are the protectors of their

sexual organs, except in case of their spouses or what their right hands possess (their female half-wife

slaves) . (In that case) they are not blamed.


لح They became angryغضبواYou were providedأوتيتم He became successfulأفـ

Humble in front of Godخاشعون They forgiveيـغفرون Enjoyments, blessingمتاع

,Avoidersمعرضون They respond toاستجابواThe lifeالحياة

,Their matter, their affairأمرهم It remainedأبـقى

their decisionsDoers, performersفاعلون

,Their sexual organsفـروجهم ConsultationشورىThey rely / will relyيـتـوكلون

plural of فرج

They abstain / willيجتنبون

abstain They spend (in Allah’sيـنفقون

way)Protectorsحافظون

,Offence, tyrannyالبـغي كبير Big sins, plural ofكبائر اإلثم

injustice

ملكت Slave Half-wivesأيمانـهم

Vulgar acts, plural ofالفواحش

Blameworthy, plural ofملومين They help (each other)يـنتصرون فاحشة

ملوم



تـغى فمن .العادون هم فأولئك ذلك وراء ابـ

So the people who want to go beyond that, then they are the transgressors.

هم الفردوس يرثون الذين .الوارثون هم أولئك .يحافظون صلواتهم على هم والذين .راعون وعهدهم ألماناتهم هم والذين :23 مؤمنون( .خالدون فيها 1-11(

Those who care about their trust and their promises. Those who protect their prayers. They are the owners

(like inheritors). They will own the Paradise, in that they will live forever.


تـغى He seek, heابـ

wished Inheritors, plural ofالوارثون أمانت Their trusts, plural ofأماناتهم

وارث

Shepherds, Responsible, pluralراعون Beyondوراء

of يرثون راعيThey inherit / will

inherit

,Transgressorsالعادون

plural of يحافظون عادThey protect / will protect الفردوسParadise


Rule of the Day

Word أن ،إن are used to increase emphasis in a sentence. While the word أنadds ‘ing’ to the meaning of a verb. Word إن is synonym of 'if'.

Do you know?

At the time of revelation of the Quran, a large number of slave-women were available

in the society who had no rights. Their masters used to cohabitate with them. Islam

provided them rights and declared them the wives of their masters. Ways to their

manumission were introduced. For details, see the book 'Abolition of Physical and

Intellectual Slavery in Islam'. http://www.mubashirnazir.org/ER/Slavery/L0018-00-

Slavery.htm

Worth Reading

How creativity can be improved? Think outside the box. Read more:

http://www.mubashirnazir.org/PD/English/PE03-0013-Pineye.htm


في وكان .األصنام يبيع آزر وكان .آزر الرجل هذا اسم وكان .جدا مشهور رجل قرية في كان .جدا كثيرة .كثيرة أيام قبل .جدا كثيرة أصنام أصنام، البيت هذا في وكان .جدا كبير بيت القرية هذه

A long time ago, long long time ago. In a town, there was a very famous man. The name of this man was

Azar. Azar used to sell idols. In that town, there was a very big house. There were idols in this house. A

very large number of idols.

.األصنام هذه يعبد آزر وكان .األصنام لهذه يسجد آزر وكان .األصنام لهذه يسجدون الناس وكان People used to prostrate in front of these idols. Azar used to prostrate in front of these idols. Azar used toworship these idols.

الناس ويرى .لألصنام يسجدون الناس يرى إبراهيم وكان .إبراهيم الولد هذا اسم وكان .جدا رشيد ولد له آزر وكان .األصنام يعبدون

Azar had an extremely rightly-guided son. The name of that son was Abraham. Abraham used to see

people prostrating in front of the idols. He used to see that people worship those idols.


They prostrate / willيسجدون FamousمشهورBeforeقبل

prostrate

,Very, too muchجدا

many He worships / willيعبد He sells / will sellيبيع

worship

Rightly guidedرشيد Idolsاألصنام Villageقرية

He looks, He opinesيـرىHouse, homeبيت

Lesson 2: Who did break the idols?

The Result


Rule of the Day

Word ليس convert the خبر in نصب .

Face the Challenge!

From the lessons you’ve already studied, prepare a list

of exclamatory words used in Arabic.


وال تضر ال األصنام أن يـعرف وكان .تسمع وال تتكلم ال األصنام أن يـعرف وكان .حجارة األصنام أن يعرف إبراهيم وكانفع باب أن يـرى وكان .تـنـ تمنع فال األصنام طعام يأكل الفأر يـرى وكان .تدفع فال األصنام على يجلس الذ.

Abraham used to know that these idols are merely stones. He used to know that the idols cannot speak and

cannot listen. He used to that that surely these idols cannot cause harm or benefit. He used to see that if a

fly sits on the idols, they cannot push it. He used to see that mice eats the food of idols and they cannotforbid (it).

راهيم وكان 'األصنام؟ الناس يسأل لماذا' :نـفسه يسأل إبراهيم وكان 'لألصنام؟ الناس يسجد لماذا' : نـفسه في يـقول إبـAbraham used to say in his mind: 'Why people prostrate in front of the idols?' He used to ask from

himself: 'Why people ask (help) from these idols?'

راهيم وكان تسأل لماذا أبي يا و األصنام؟ لهذه تسجد لماذا أبي يا و األصنام؟ هذه تـعبد لماذا !أبي يا' :لوالده يـقول إبـ الطعام لها تضع شيء وألي !تنفع وال تضر ال األصنام هذه وإن !تسمع وال تـتكلم ال األصنام هذه إن األصنام؟ هذه

'!تشرب وال تأكل ال أبي يا األصنام هذه وإن والشراب؟Abraham used to say to his father: 'O my father! Why do you worship these idols? O my father! Why do

you prostrate in front of these idols? O my father! Why do you ask (for help) from these idols? These idols

cannot cause harm or benefit! For what you put food and drinks for them? Surely these idols, my father!

Cannot eat or drink.


تدفع He knows / will knowيعرفShe (or you) push (Note

the symbols of he, she

and you.)

She (or you) prostrateتسجد

!O my fatherيا أبيMouse, ratالفأر حجر Stones, plural ofحجارة

She (or you) askتسألFoodطعام She (you) speaksتتكلم

تضرShe (or you) causes a

lossShe (or you) putتضعHe asks / will askيسأل

فع She (or you) causes aتـنـ

benefitShe (or you) drinksتشرب She (or you) worshipتـعبد

باب الذFly, beeلماذاWhy?



راهيم وكان .يفهم وال يـغضب آزر وكان راهيم قال .يفهمون وال يـغضبون الناس وكان ، لقومه ينصح إبـ أكسر أنا' :إبـ'.الناس يـفهم وحينئذ الناس، ذهب إذا األصنام

Azar used to be angry and did not use to understand. Abraham was a well wisher for his nation. People

used to be angry and used not to understand. Abraham said, 'I’ll break the idols when people will go. Then

these people will understand.'

راهيم والد وخرج .األطفال وخرج للعيد الناس وخرج .الناس فـفرح عيد يـوم وجاء راهيم وقال إبـ 'معنا؟ تخرج أال ' : إلبـ'!سقيم أنا' :إبراهيم قال

The festival day came and people became happy. People went out for the festival and children also went

out. Abraham’s father came to him and said to Abraham, 'Will you not go out with us?' Abraham replied, 'I

am sick.'

راهيم وجاء .البيت في إبراهيم وبقي الناس وذهب هذا تسمعون؟ أال تتكلمون؟ أال' : لألصنام وقال ، األصنام إلى إبـ'تشربون؟ أال تأكلون؟ أال !وشراب طعام

People went and Abraham left in the home. Abraham came to the idols and said to the idols, 'Do you not

speak? Do you not listen? Do you not listen? This is food and drink! Do you not eat? Do you not drink?


Fatherوالد He wentذهب He becomes angryيـغضب

Sick, illسقيم Thenحينئذ He understandsيفهم

You all speak (Note theتتكلمونHe cameجاء .He is a well-wisherينصح

symbol of ‘you all’)

You all listenتسمعون A festivalعيد They become angryيـغضبون

You all eatتأكلون He became happyفرح .They understandيفهمون

I break (Note theأكسر

symbol of ‘I’.) Children, plural ofاألطفال

You all drinkتشربون طفل


Rule of the Day! In Arabic, the same word is used for the Present and Future Tense. When the word كانis added before a word of Present and Future Tense, it gives sense of Past Continuous Tense. For

example يفھم means 'he understands or he will understand'. كان يفھم means that 'He used to understand' or

'He was understanding.'


غضب حينئذ .نطقت وما األصنام وسكتت '؟تـنطقون ال مالكم' :إبراهيم قال .تـنطق ال حجارة أل◌نها األصنام وسكتت راهيم وضرب .الفأس وأخذ إبراهيم راهيم وتـرك .األصنام وكسر بالفأس األصنام إبـ .عنقه في الفأس وعلق األكبـر الصنم إبـ

The idols remained silent because they were stones which do not speak. Abraham said, 'Why do you not

speak?' The idols remained silent and did not speak. Then Abraham became angry and took the axe.

Abraham hit the idols with the axe and broke the idols. Abraham left the biggest idol and hanged the axe

in his neck.

.ودهشوا الناس تـعجب ولكن .عيد يـوم ألنه لألصنام يسجدوا أن الناس وأراد .األصنام بـيت في ودخلوا الناس ورجع .وغضبوا الناس وتأسف

People returned and entered into the house of idols. People intended to prostrate in front of idols because

it was the festival day. But they surprised and amazed. People regretted and became angry.

راهيم له يـقال يذكرهم فـتى سمعنا بآلهتنا؟ هذا فـعل من' :قالوا فـعله بل ' :قال '؟إبراهيم يا بآلهتنا هذا فـعلت أأنت .إبـرهم راهيم فقالوا '.ينطقون كانوا إن فاسألوهم هذا كبيـ '.تـنطق ال األصنام أن تـعلم أنت ' :إلبـ

They said, 'Who has done this with our gods? We have heard a boy talking about them he is called

Abraham. Have you that this with our gods, O Abraham?' He said, 'But the biggest of them has done that

so ask them if they can speak.' They said to Abraham, 'You know that the idols do not speak.'


.He regrettedتأسف He leftتـرك She (or you) speakتـنطق

,The biggestاألكبـر You all speakتـنطقون

biggerغضبواThey became angry. (Note the

symbol of ‘they’)

Ourناآلهت He hangedعلق She became silentسكتت gods, plural of إله

ItsهعنقShe spokeنطقت neckفـتىA Boy

He discussed themهم يذكر He returnedرجع The axeالفأس

He is calledيـقال له .He surprisedتـعجب He hit / he walkedضرب

Soهماسألو ف .They surprisedدهشواHe brokeكسر (O you all!) Ask them!



األكبـر الصنم أن يـعرفون وكانوا .تنطق وال تسمع ال الحجارة أن يـعرفـون وكانوا .حجارة األصنام أن يـعرفون الناس وكان .األصنام يكسر أن يـقدر ال األكبـر الصنم وأن .ويتحرك يمشي أن يـقدر ال األكبر الصنم وأن .حجر أيضا

People used to know that the idols are merely stones. The used to know that the stones cannot listen or

speak. They used to know that the biggest idol is also a stone. And that the biggest idol is not able to walk

or move and the biggest idol is not able to break the idols.

فع؟ وال تضر ال وإنها األصنام تـعبدون فكيف ' :إبراهيم قال أال تسمع؟ وال تـنطق ال وإنها األصنام تسألون وكيف تـنـ!وخجلوا الناس وسكت 'تعقلون؟ أفال شيئا، تـفهمون

Abraham said, 'How do you worship the idols while they cannot cause harm or benefit? How do you ask

(for help) the idols while they cannot speak or listen? Do you not understand anything? Do you not think

logically?' People became silent and ashamed.

راهيم؟ عقاب ما' : الناس وسأل '!اآللهة وأهان األصنام كسر إبراهيم إن نفعل؟ ماذا' :قالوا و الناس اجتمع جزاء ما إبـ.إبراهيم فيها وألقوا نارا أوقدوا :كان وهكذا '.آلهتكم وانصروا حرقوه ' : الجواب كان 'إبراهيم؟

People gathered and said, 'What should we do? Surely Abraham broke the idols and insulted our gods.'

People asked, 'What is the punishment for Abraham? What is the return for Abraham?' The answer was:

'Burn him and help your gods.' And like that happened. They ignited a fire and threw Abraham in it.'


They know / willيـعرفون

knowHe insultedأهان To breakأن يكسر

You allتـفهمونStoneحجر

understandPunishmentعقاب

Doتعقلون ال ف أHe is / will capable ofيـقدر you not

think?Rewardجزاء

أن) To walkأن يمشي gives the

sense of ‘to’) They becameخجلوا

ashamed The answerالجواب

Burn himه حرقو He gatheredاجتمعHe moves / will moveيتحرك

Ignite the fire (!O you all)أوقدواWe do / will doنفعل


Worth Reading

The Sermon of Mount delivered by the Prophet Jesus عليه الصلوة والسالم.

Its contents are applicable today. Read more:

http://www.mubashirnazir.org/PD/English/PE03-0009-Mount.htm


راهيم على وسالما بـردا كوني !نار يا' :للنار وقال إبراهيم نصر اهللا ولكن على وسالما بـردا النار كانت كان، وهكذا '.إبـراهيم راهيم أن الناس ورأى .إبراهيم تضر ال النار أن الناس ورأى .إبـ و الناس ودهش .سالم إبراهيم وأن مسرور، إبـ.تحيـروا

But Allah helped Abraham and said to the fire, 'O fire! Be cold and peaceful for Abraham.' And like that

happened. The fire became cold and peaceful for Abraham. People saw that the fire do not cause to

Abraham. People observed that Abraham was happy, that Abraham was safe. People became astonished

and amazed.

لة وذات راهيم رأى ليـ راهيم قال الكوكب، غاب ولما 'ربي؟ هذا' :فقال كوكبا، إبـ راهيم ورأى '!بربي ليس هذا !ال' :إبـ إبـراهيم قال القمر غاب ولما 'ربي؟ هذا' :فـقال القمر هذا' :إبراهيم فـقال الشمس، وطلعت◌ '!بربي ليس هذا !ال ' :إبـ

:إبراهيم قال الليل في الشمس غابت ولما '؟أكبـر هذا ربيAt night, Abraham saw a star. He said: 'Is this my Lord?' When the start disappeared, Abraham said, 'No!

This is not my Lord.' Abraham saw the moon, so he said, 'Is this my Lord?' When the moon disappeared,

Abraham said, 'No! This is not my Lord.' Then the sun rose. Abraham said, 'Is this my Lord? This is the

biggest.' When the sun disappeared into the night, Abraham said:


He disappeared (‘Star’ isغاب Safe and soundسالم !Throw (!O you all)ألقوا

masculine in Arabic)

The moonالقمر He astonishedدهشHe helpedنصر

Be! (Used for aكوني

feminine noun) She rose (‘Sun’ is feminine inطلعت They surprisedتحيروا

Arabic)

لة Coldبـردا The sunالشمس At the night timeذات ليـ

She disappearedغابت A starكوكبا He sawرأى

WhenلماHappyمسرور


Do you know?

Pre-Islamic Arabic Tribes used to fight against each other regularly. They used their

poetry to motivate their fellow tribesmen to fight. Such poetry is called رجز.

Worth Reading

What is the relationship between the revelation and the intellect? Read more:

http://www.mubashirnazir.org/PD/English/PE03-0007-Revelation.htm


يـغلبه ضعيف والكوكب شيء يـغلبه ال قوي اهللا إن .يغيب ال باق الله إن .يموت ال حي اهللا إن .بربي ليس هذا !ال' .ضعيف ألنه الكوكب يـنصرني وال .الغيم ويـغلبـها الليل يـغلبـها ضعيفة والشمس .الشمس تغلبه ضعيف والقمر .الصبح

.يغيب ال باق و .يموت ال حي اهللا ألن .اهللا وينصرني .ضعيفة ألنها الشمس تنصرني وال .ضعيف ألنه القمر ينصرني وال شيء يغلبه ال وقوي.'

'No! This is not my Lord. Surely Allah is alive and He does not die. Surely Allah remains and do not

disappear. Verily Allah is very powerful, nothing can dominate him. While the start is weak, the morning

has dominated it and the moon is weak and the sun has dominated it and the sun is weak because the

clouds dominate it. The start cannot help me because it is weak. The moon cannot help me because it is

weak. The sun cannot help me because it is weak. Allah helps me because Allah is alive, He cannot die.

He remains and He do not disappear. He is powerful, nothing can dominate Him.

أن إبراهيم وعرف . شيء يـغلبه ال قوي اهللا وأن .يغيب ال باق اهللا وأن .يموت ال حي اهللا ألن .ربه اهللا أن إبراهيم وعرف .وخليال نبيا وجعله إبراهيم اهللا وهدى !العالمين رب اهللا وأن !الشمس رب اهللا وأن !القمر رب اهللا وأن !الكوكب رب اهللا

.األصنام عبادة من ويمنـعهم قـومه يدعو أن إبراهيم اهللا وأمر Abraham knew that Allah is his Lord because Allah is alive, He does not die and Allah remains, He does

not disappear. And Allah is powerful, nothing can dominate Him. Abraham knew that Allah is the Lord of

starts. Allah is the Lord of the moon and Allah is the Lord of the sun and Allah is the Lord of all worlds.

Allah guided Abraham and made him a Prophet and (His) Friend. Allah ordered Abraham to call his

nation and forbid them from worshipping the idols.

'تعبدون؟ ما' :لقومه إبراهيم قال األصنام عبادة من ومنـعهم اهللا إلى قومه إبراهيم ودعاAbraham called his nation towards Allah and forbade them from worshipping the idols. Abraham said to

his nation: 'What do you worship?'


She (or you)تغلبه Aliveحي

dominate himWorshipعبادة

He calledدعاClouds, fogالغيم He dies / will dieيموت

He forbade themهم منـع He helps meينصرنيRemainingباق

He disappears (compareيغيب

with هدى(غابHe guided تدعونYou all call

فعون FriendخليالHe dominated himه يـغلب They cause benefitيـنـ

They harmيضرون To callأن يدعو The morningالصبح



فعونكم أو تدعون؟ إذ يسمعونكم هل ' :إبراهيم قال '.أصناما نـعبد ' :قالوا كذلك آباءنا وجدنا بل ' :قالوا 'يضرون؟ أو يـنـ'.يفعلون

They said, 'We worship idols.' Abraham said, 'Do they listen you when you call? Or give you benefit or

harm?' They said, 'Nay, we have found our forefathers doing the same.'

!يـهدين فـهو خلقني الذي .العالمين رب أعبد أنا .األصنام لهذه عدو أنا بل .األصنام هذه أعبد ال فأنا' : إبراهيم قال وإنـها .تهدي وال تخلق ال األصنام وإن !يحيين ثم يميتني والذي !يشفين فهو مرضت وإذا !ويسقين يطعمني هو والذي

'.تحيي وال أحدا تميت ال وإنـها .تشفي ال فهي أحد مرض إذا و .تسقي وال أحدا تطعم ال Abraham said, 'I do not worship these idols. But I am an enemy of these idols. I worship the Lord of all

worlds. The One Who created me. So He guides me! He is The One who feeds me and gives me to drink!

When I become sick, He cures me! He will cause me to die and then He will make be alive! Surely the

idols do not create and do not guide. Verily they cannot feed anyone and do not give for drink. When

anyone becomes sick they cannot cure. Surely they cannot cause anyone to die and do not give life.


She / you createتخلق He guides meيـهدين But, nayبل

We found (Note theوجدنا

symbol of ‘we’)She / you guideتهديHe feeds meيطعمني

Our forefathers, plural ofآباءنا

She / you feedتطعمHe gives me drinkيسقين ب أ

She / you give water to drinkتسقيI become sickمرضت Like thatكذلك

He became sick (Compare withمرض He cures meيشفينThey do / will doيفعلون

(مرضت

I worship (Note theأعبد

symbol of ‘I’) He cause me toيميتني

dieShe / you cureتشفي

He gives life toيحيينEnemyعدو

meShe / you causes to dieتميت



ر ملك المدينة في كان وال هللا يسجد إبراهيم أن الملك وسمع .للملك يسجدون الناس وكان .جدا وظالم جدا، كبيـراهيم، وجاء .إبر◌اهيم وطلب الملك فـغضب ◌ .ألحد يسجد .اهللا إال أحدا يخاف ال إبراهيم وكان إبـ

In the city, there was a very great and very cruel king. People used to prostrate in front of the king. The

king heard that Abraham prostrate only for Allah and do not prostrate for anyone. The king became angry

and demanded for Abraham. Abraham came, he did not use to fear anyone other than Allah.

راهيم؟ يا ربك من ' :الملك قال راهيم قال 'إبـ راهيم؟ يا اهللا من ' :الملك قال '!اهللا ربي ' :إبـ راهيم قال 'إبـ الذي' :إبـ'.وأميت أحيي أنا' :الملك قال '.ويميت يحيي

The king said, 'Who is your Lord, O Abraham!?' Abraham replied, 'My Lord is Allah.' The king said, 'Who

is Allah, O Abraham!?' Abraham said, 'The One Who gives life and causes to die.' The king said, 'I give

life and cause to die.'

الملك وكان '.رجال وتـركت رجال قـتـلت وأميت، أحيي أنا' :وقال .وتـرك◌ه آخر رجال ودعا .وقـتـله رجال الملك ودعاا، بليدا وكذلك جد للملك إبراهيم فقال .قـومه ويـفهم الملك، يفهم أن إبراهيم وأراد .مشرك كل: ' مس يأتي اهللا فإنبالش ◌ .جوابا وجد وما الملك، وخجل .سكت و الملك فـتحير '.المغرب من بها فأت المشرق من

The king called a person and killed him. He called another person and left him. He said, 'I give life and I

cause to die. I have killed a man and left other man (to live).' The king was a great fool and each

polytheist is alike. Abraham intended to explain the king and explain his nation. Abraham said to the king:

'Surely Allah brings the sun from the East, you bring it from the West.' The king astonished and remained

silent. The king became ashamed and he did not find an answer.


So bringبها أت فI cause deathأميت She / you give lifeتحيي it

He astonishedتحيرI have killedقـتـلت Kingملك

He became silentسكت I have leftتـركت He demandedطلب

He became ashamedخجل Stupid, foolishبليدا He fears / will fearيخاف

He foundوجد He intendedأراد He killed himقـتـله

He brings the sunيأتي بالشمس I give lifeأحيي



فع ال ما تعبد ولم .يبصر وال يسمع ال ما تعبد لم !أبت يا' :له فقال أيضا، والده يدعو أن إبراهيم وأراد يا .يضر وال يـنـ'!الرحمن اعبد !أبت يا !الشيطان◌ تعبد ال !أبت

Abraham intended to call his father as well. He said to him: 'O my father! Why do you worship what

cannot listen or see? Why do you worship what cannot give benefit or harm? O my father! Don’t worship

the Satan. O my father! Worship the Most Beneficent.'

'.عليك سالم ' :لوالده فـقال حليما، إبراهيم وكان '.شيئا تـقل وال فاتركني أضربك، أنا' :وقال إبراهيم، والد وغضب راهيم وتأسف '.ربي وأدعو هنا من أذهب أنا' :له وقال ا، إبـ ه، ويعبد آخر، بلد إلى يذهب أن وأراد جدالناس ويدعو رب .اهللا إلى

The father of Abraham became angry and said: 'I shall beat you. Leave me and don’t say anything.'

Abraham was tolerant. He said to his father, 'Peace be upon you.' And he said to himself, 'I shall go from

here and shall call my Lord.' Abraham regretted a lot and he intended to go to another city and worship his

Lord and call people towards Allah.

راهيم والد وغضب الملك وغضب إبراهيم قوم وغضب راهيم وأراد .إبـ ويدعو اهللا فيه ويعبد آخر بـلد إلى يسافر أن إبـراهيم وخرج .اهللا إلى الناس .هاجر زوجه ومعه مكة إبراهيم وقصد .والده وودع بـلده من إبـ

Abraham’s nation, the king and Abraham’s father became angry. Abraham intended to travel to another

city. He (intended) to worship Allah in it and call people towards Allah. Abraham came out of his city and

left his father. Abraham decided for Makkah and his wife Hager was with him.


To travelأن يسافر I go / shall goأذهب Worship! (an order)اعبد

City, countryبـلد HereهناI shall beat youأضربك

He leftودع !Call (!O you all)أدعوSo leave meاتركني

He decided (to doقصد He regrettedتأسف Don’t sayال تـقل

something)

His wifeزوجهTo goأن يذهب Tolerantحليما



.بشر وال حيـوان فيها ليس مكة وكانت .نـهر وال بئر فيها ليس مكة وكانت .شجر ال و عشب فيها ليس مكة وكانتراهيم ترك و .فيها ونـزل مكة إلى إبراهيم ووصل له قالت يذهب أن إبراهيم أراد لما و ◌ .إسماعيل وولده هاجر زوجه إبـراهيم قال ' بهذا؟ اهللا أمرك هل !طعام وال !ماء هنا وليس أتـتركني هنا؟ أتتركني سيدي؟ يا أين إلى' :هاجر زوجه :إبـ

عنا ال إذا' :هاجر قالت '!نـعم' '!يضيـMakkah had neither vegetation nor trees. There was no well or river at Makkah. There was no animal or

human being at Makkah. Abraham reached at Makkah and went down in it. Abraham left his wife Hager

and his child Ishmael. When Abraham intended to go, his wife Hager said to him, 'Where are you going?

O my respected (husband)! Are you going to leave me here? Are you going to leave me and there is no

water here? And not any food? Has Allah ordered you for this?' Abraham said, 'Yes!'. Hager said, 'Then He

will not kill us.'

وكانت !نهر فيها ليس ومكة بئر، فيها ليس ومكة ؟ الماء أين ولكن ماء تسقيه أن أمه وأرادت مرة، إسماعيل وعطش .الصفا إلى المروة ومن المروة إلى الصفا من وتجري الماء تطلب هاجر

Ishmael felt thirst once. His mother intended to bring water for him but where was the water? Makkah had

no well and no river. Hager required the water. She ran from Safa to Marwah and from Marwah to Safa.

الماء وبقي .هاجر وشربت إسماعيل وشرب األرض من الماء وخرج .ماء لهما فخلق إسماعيل ونصر هاجر اهللا ونصر ر فكان هل .بلدهم إلى زمزم بماء ويأتون الحج في الناس منها يشرب التي البئر هي وهذه زمزم في اهللا فبارك زمزم، بئـزمزم؟ ماء شربت

Allah helped Hager and Ishmael. He created water for both of them. The water came out of the earth and

Ishmael and Hager drank. Water remained there. So it was the well of 'Zamzam'. Allah blessed Zamzam.

This is the well from where people drink during pilgrimage and bring the water of Zamzam to their

country. Have you drunk Zamzam?


O My Master! (forيا سيديGrass, herbageعشب

respect)His motherأمه

Are you going to leaveنيتترك أTreeشجر

me? أن تسقيهTo give him drink

She (or you) needs / willتطلب WaterماءWellبئر

need

She (or you) runs / willتجريHe will kill usنايضيع River, canalنـهر

run

He drankشرب He became thirstyعطش Animalحيـوان

She drankشربت Timesمرة Human beingبشر



ة بـعد مكة إلى إبراهيم وعاد راهيم وفرح هاجر، ولقي إسماعيل ولقي .مد صغيرا، ولدا إسماعيل وكان .إسماعيل بولده إبـا إسماعيل يحب إبراهيم وكان .والده مع ويخرج ويلعب يجري جد.

Abraham returned after some time to Makkah. He met Ishmael and Hager. Abraham became happy due to

his son Ishmael. Ishmael was a little child. He used to run, play and go out with his father. Abraham used

to love Ishmael a lot.

راهيم رأى ليلة وذات إبراهيم وكان .صادقا مناما منامه وكان صادقا، نبيا إبراهيم وكان .إسماعيل يذبح أنه المنام في إبـراهيم وقال . المنام في اهللا أمره ما يفعل أن فأراد اهللا، خليل 'ترى؟ ماذا فانظر أذبحك أني المنام◌ في أرى إني' :إبـعل !أبت يا' :قال '.الصابرين من اهللا شاء إن ستجدني تؤمر ما افـ

At night, Abraham saw in dream that he is slaughtering Ishmael. Abraham was a true prophet. His dream

was a true dream. Abraham was Allah’s friend. He decided to do what Allah has ordered him in the dream.

Abraham said (to Ishmael), 'I saw in the dream that I am slaughtering you, so consider it, what is your

opinion?' He said, 'O father! Do what you are instructed. If Allah wills, you will definitely find me one of

steadfast people.'

ينا وأخذ معه إسماعيل إبراهيم وأخذ على إسماعيل واضطجع .إسماعيل يذبح أن أراد منى، إبراهيم بلغ ولما .سك راهيم وأراد .األرض .إسماعيل حلقوم على السكين فـوضع يذبح أن إبـ

Abraham took Ishmael with him and took a knife. When Abraham reached at Mina, he decided to

slaughter Ishmael. Abraham asked Ishmael to lay down on the ground. Abraham decided to slaughter him,

so he put the knife on the throat of Ishmael.


She (or you) are orderedتؤمر He loves / will loveيحبHe blessed بارك

Soonنيتجدس Sleeping, dreamالمنام He returnedعاد you (or she) will

find me

ة مدPeriodيذبحHe slaughtersسكيناA knife

He reachedبلغ Trueصادقا He metلقي

He caused to lie downاضطجع I see, I opineأرىHe became happyف◌رح

I slaughter / willأذبحك He runs / will runيجري

slaughter youHe keptوضع

Throatحلقوم You see, you opineتـرىHe plays / will playيلعب



اهللا ولكن وهل .يأمره ما خليله يفعل هل يـرى أن يحب أو أكثـر اهللا يحب نه يحب .االمتحان في إبراهيم ونجح .أكثـر ابـ المسلمين فأمر إبراهيم، عمل اهللا وأحب '.إسماعيل تذبح وال هذا اذبح' وقال الجنة من بكبش جبريل اهللا فأرسل.األضحى عيد في بالذبح

But Allah liked to see whether His friend does what He commands him. Does he loves Allah more or he

loves his son more. Abraham became successful in the test. Allah sent Gabriel with a ram and he said,

'Slaughter this, don’t slaughter Ishmael.' Allah loved the Abraham’s work. He ordered the Muslims to

slaughter on the festival of sacrifice.

.وسلم إسماعيل ابنه على اهللا صلى و .وسلم الخليل إبراهيم على اهللا صلىMay Allah bless and give peace to Abraham the Friend. And may Allah bless and give peace to his son

Ishmael.

رة البيوت وكانت هللا بـيتا يـبني أن وأراد ذلك، بعد وعاد إبراهيم وذهب وأراد .اهللا فيه يـعبدون هللا بيت كان وما .كثيـراهيم ونـقل .والده مع هللا بـيتا يـبني أن إسماعيل .الجبال من الحجارة وإسماعيل إبـ

Abraham went and returned after that. He intended to build a house for Allah. There were many house but

there was no house for Allah where they worship Allah (only). Ishmael intended to build a house for Allah

with his father. Abraham and Ishmael transported stones from the mountains.

اهللا يذكر إسماعيل وكان .ويدعو اهللا يذكر إبراهيم وكان .بيده الكعبة يـبنى إسماعيل وكان بيده الكعبة يبني إبراهيم وكان '.العليم السميع أنت إنك منا تـقبل !ربنا' .ويدعو

Abraham was building the Ka’aba with his hand and Ishmael was also building the Ka’aba with his hand.

Abraham used to remember Allah and call Him. Ishmael also used to remember Allah and call Him, 'O

our Lord! Accept it from us, surely You are the Listener, the Knowledgeable.'



Mountainsالجبال !Don’t slaughterال تذبح He became successful◌نجح

He builtيبنيI loveأحبThe test االمتحان

He remembers, heيذكرThe festival of sacrificeعيد األضحىHe sentأرسل

discussed

Too, alsoأيضاTo buildأن يـبنيRam, male sheepكبش

Accept from usتـقبل مناHe transported, movedنـقل !Slaughterاذبح


راهيم من اهللا وتـقبل الكعبة إلى المسلمون ويسافر .صالة كل في الكعبة إلى نتوجه نحن .الكعبة في وبارك وإسماعيل إبـ على اهللا صلى .وإسماعيل إبراهيم من وتـقبل الكعبة في اهللا بارك .عندها ويصلون بالكعبة ويطوفون .الحج أيام في

.سلم و محمد على اهللا صلى و .وسلم إسماعيل على اهللا صلى .وسلم إبراهيم Allah accepted (the contribution) of Abraham and Ishmael and blessed the Ka’aba. We face towards

Ka’aba in each prayer. Muslims travel towards Ka’aba during the days of pilgrimage and walk around the

Ka’aba and pray near it. Allah blessed the Ka’aba and accept (the contribution) of Abraham and Ishmael.

Allah may bless and give peace to Abraham. Allah may bless and give peace to Ishmael. Allah may bless

and give peace to Muhammad.

الشام، في إبراهيم وسكن .إسحاق اسمه سارة من آخر ولد إلبراهيم وكان .سارة اسمها أخرى، زوج إلبراهيم وكان....مكة في بيتا وأخوه أبوه بنى كما ، الشام في هللا بيتا إسحاق وبنى .إسحاق وسكن

Abraham also had another wife. Her name was Sarah. Abraham had another son from Sarah, his name was

Isaac. Abraham lived in Syria and Isaac also. Isaac built a house for Allah in Syria like his father and

brother built a house at Makkah.

.ملوك و أنبياء فيهم وكان إسماعيل، أوالد في بارك كما إسحاق أوالد في اهللا◌ وبارك Allah blessed the progeny of Isaac like He blessed the progeny of Ishmael. There were prophets and kings

in them.



He livedسكن They prayيصلون He acceptedتـقبل

ملك Kings, plural ofالملوك Spouse, wife or husbandزوج We faceنـتـوجه

He seesيبصر OtherأخرىThey walk aroundيطوفون

Rule of the Day

Exclamatory Words are used to call someone or

express some emotion.

Face the Challenge!

What is the impact of يا on the word coming after it?


Hassan Ibn Thabit Ansari رضى اهللا عنه

ة خاتم عليه للنبـو من اهللا مشهود يلوح و يشهد : أغر(The Prophethood) has ended on him. For his prophethood, there is a stamp from Allah, which is seen. It

appears and it witnesses. [Explanation: Hassan has indicated the stamp of Prophethood that was embossed

on the back of Prophet’s body.]

اذا قال في الخمس المؤذن اشهد : و ضم اإلله اسم النبي مع اسمه The God has joined the name of Prophet with His name, when the caller for prayer says in five (calls for

prayer), 'I witness (that there is no god except Allah and I witness that Muhammad is the Prophet of

Allah.)'

فذو العرش محمود و هذا محمد : و شق له من اسمه ليجعله He (Allah) derived (the Prophet’s name) from His name. So the Owner of the Throne is 'Mahmood' and

this is 'Muhammad'. [Explanation: He derived محمد from محمود after deleting the و from it.)

رة من الرسل و االوثان في األرض تـعبد : نبي اتانا بعد يأس و فـتـThe Prophet who came to us after hopelessness and a long period empty of Prophets while the idols were

worshipped in the land. [Explanation: There was a period of about 600 years between Prophet Jesus and

Muhammad عليهما الصلوة والسالم.]


أغرHe finished نالمؤذAnnouncer (for

prayer)Praise-worthyمحمد

He came to usاتاناI testifyاشهد Stamp, seal, ringخاتم

Hopelessnessيأس He tore, He derivedشقWell-observed مشهود

رة To make himليجعله It appears, it shinesيلوح Periodفـتـ

,Owner of Throneذو العرش Heيشهد

Allahوثن Idols, plural ofاالوثان

ضمHe merged محمودPraise-worthy

The Result

Calculate your score. Each verse carries 5 mark. If your score is less than 80%, repeat the exercise.

Lesson 3: Arabic Poetry


يـلوح كما الح الصقيل المهند : فأمسى سراجا مستنيرا و هاديا He became a lamp spreading light (of guidance) and the Guide. He shines like an Indian-polished (sword)

shines. [Explanation: India was the industrial center at Prophet’s time. Its polished items were considered

the best in Arabia. So he has used this allegory for the Prophet.]

و علمنا اإلسالم فاهللا نحمد : وأنذرنا نارا و بشر جنة He warned us about the Hellfire and provided news for the Paradise. We knew Islam, so we thank Allah.

بذلك ما عمرت في الناس أشهد : و أنت إله الخلق ربي و خالقي [O Allah!] You are the God of creatures. You are my Lord and my Creator. I witness that I have lived in

the people with that (sense).

سواك إلها ، أنت أعلى و أمجد : تـعاليت رب الناس عن قول من دعا O Lord of Humanity! You are Exalted from the saying for that person who called any (false) god other

than You. You are the Highest, the Glorious.

فإياك نستـهدي و إياك نـعبد : لك الخلق و النـعماء و األمر كله All the creation, blessings and matters are for You. So we seek guidance only from You and we worship

only for You.


You are Exaltedتـعاليت Polishedالصقيل He becameأمسى

Other than Youسواك Indianالمهند Lampسراجا

HighestأعلىI livedعمرت Giving lightمستنيرا

Gloriousأمجد He warned usأنذرناOne who guidesهاديا

He appears / willيـلوح

appear, he shinesFavors, blessingsالنعماء He gave us good newsبشر

We seek guidanceنستـهديWe praiseنحمد He appeared, shinedالح




Al-Aa’sha

نبي األله حين أوصى و أشهدا: أجدك لم تسمع وصاة محمد I find that you have not listened the preaching of Muhammad. He is the Prophet of God while he preaches

and testifies (that there is no god except Allah and Muhammad is His Prophet). [Explanation: In Arab,

شهادة' (Testimony)' was a special thing. The spokesperson of a tribe was called the 'Testifier'. Based on his

testimony, people used to believe something. Prophet صلى اهللا عليه وسلم had the status of 'Testifier' for God.]

و القيت بعد الموت من قد تـزودا: اذا أنت لم تـرحل بزاد من التـقى When you have not traveled for (getting) the supplies of God’s fear. The person who has arranged these

supplies will find them after death.

فـتـرصد لألمر الذي كان أرصدا: ندمت على أن ال تكون كمثله I regret that you are not like him. You should keep reserve for this matter (Hereafter) which has already

reserved.


You do not becomeال تكون Why did you not travelلم تـرحل I find youأجدك

Like himمثله Supplies (for traveling)زاد You have not listenedلم تسمع

You keep reserve (ofتـرصد Being God-fearingالتـقىBequest, preachوصاة

money)

He kept reserve (ofأرصداYou metالقيت Whenحين

money)

He arranged suppliesتـزوداHe preachedأوصى

(for travel)

He witnessed withأشهد

full certaintyI regrettedندمت

Rule of the Day

In order to make a sentence interrogative, simply

add an interrogative word before the sentence.

Face the Challenge!

Prepare a list of 'Interrogative' words in

Arabic.



Warqa Ibn Noofil Al-Asadi رضى اهللا عنه

أنا النذير فال يـغرركم أحد : لقد نصحت ألقوام و قـلت لهم Surely, I have advised nations and said to them, 'I am a Warner, so anyone of you should not be deceived.

[Explanation: 'The Warner' was a special role in Pre-Islamic Arabian society. A person who had some

news about a potential risk, used to tear his cloths, stand on a high place and inform his nation about the

risk. Prophet is also called 'The Warner' in the Quran because he warns about the risk of Hellfire.]

ر خالقكم فأن دعيتم فـقولوا دونه حدد : ال تـعبدن إلها غيـDon’t worship any god other than your Creator. If you are called (to worship any god), then say: 'Other

than Him are (beyond) the limits.'

رب البرية فرد واحد صمد : سبحان ذي العرش ال شيء يـعادله The Owner of Throne (Allah) is exalted. Nothing can become equal to Him. He is the Sustainer of

humanity. He is Single and Self-Sufficient.

لنا سبح الجودي و الجمد : سبحانه ثم سبحانا نـعوذ به و قـبـHe is Exalted. Then He is Exalted. We seek refuge from Him. Before us, Judi and Jamad glorified Him.

[Explanation: Judi is a mountain in Eastern Turkey. The Ark of Prophet’s Noah عليه الصلوة والسالم stayed there.

Jamad is another mountain near it. The poet is indicating to that event.]

ال يـنبغي أن يـناوي ملكه أحد : مسخر كل من تحت السماء له All what is below the sky is subjugated to Him. It is not possible for anyone to resist (against Him).


A mountain in TurkeyالجوديIt becomes equal to Him يـعادله I advisedنصحت

Another mountain nearالجمد Humanityالبرية Warnerالنذير

Judi

Controlled, subjugatedمسخر Singleفرد Deceive youيـغرركم

It is not possibleال يـنبغيSelf-sufficientصمد Don’t worshipال تـعبدن

To resistأن يـناويWe seek refugeنـعوذ You were calledدعيتم

His kingdomملكه He glorified Allahسبح Limitحدد



قى اإلله و يـؤدي المال و الولد : ال شيء مما تـري تـبقي بشاشته يـبـThere is nothing among things you see whose freshness remains. The God remains and He gives wealth

and sons. [Explanation: In ancient Arabian society, male children were the symbol of respect and power.

In absence of Police and central government, the person having more children was considered more

influential and powerful.]

و الخلد قد حاولت عاد فما خلدوا: لم تـغن عن هرمز يوما خزائنه Today (in this world), Hurmuz and his treasures cannot satisfy you. Regarding eternal life, the nation A’ad

tried (to live forever) but they did not remain forever. [A’ad was an ancient Arab nation which used to live

in present-day Oman in South of Arabian Peninsula. It was a developed and civilized nation.]

البد من ورده يوما كما وردوا: حوض هنالك مورود بال كذب No doubt, the water-basin there was full of roses. There is nothing available today from their roses, as

they left.

و الجن و اإلنس تجري بينـها البـرد : و ال سليمان إذ دان الشعوب له King Solomon عليه الصلوة والسالم is also not here while nations, giants and humans subjugated to him. Cold is

now prevailing among it. [Explanation: It means that they are not present now. So everyone will vanish.]


No escape, definitelyالبدHis treasures خزائنه You seeتـري

Its rosesورده Foreverالخلد You remainتـبقي

They arrivedوردواShe (they) triedحاولت Freshnessبشاشته

He subjugatedدان An ancient Arab nationعاد He remainsيـبقي

Nationsالشعوب They remained foreverخلدواHe givesيودي

GiantsالجنBasin, pond حوض Wealthالمال

Human beingsاإلنس There, thenهنالك Childrenالولد

-You are not selfلم تـغن

sufficient مورودFull of roses البـردColdness

It is not falseال كذب A Persian kingهرمز



U’mar Ibn Khattab رضى اهللا عنه

ين قد قـنـعوا و ال أراهم رضوا في العيش بالدون : أرى رجاال بأدنى الدI saw men who contented on minimum in their religion but I see that in their (worldly) life, they do not

satisfy with something less. [Explanation: Dual character of people is described that in religious matters,

they satisfy the minimum requirements of religion while in worldly matters, they seek the best.]

يا الملوك كما ين عن دنـ ياهم عن الدين : فاستـغن بالد استـغنى الملوك بدنـBe undesirous for the world by (focusing on) the religion like the kings don’t care about the religion due

to their worldly matters.

ياه بالدين أعجب : عجبت لمبتاع الضاللة بالهدى ومن يشتري دنـI surprised about a person who exchanges the deviation for guidance. The person who buys his worldly

affairs at the cost of religion, I also astonish.

بدنـيا سواه فـهو من دين أعجب : وأعجب من هذين من باع دينه I surprise more for the one of two (i.e. the seller of guidance for deviation and the seller of religion for the

world) who sells his religion for worldly affairs. I astonish that worldly affairs are equal to religion for

him.


I surprisedعجبت Inferior, lessالدون I seeأرى

Be undesirous! Be in noاستـغن Inferior, lowerأدنى

need of!Buyerمبتاع

يا They contentedقـنـعوا Astrayالضاللة Worldدنـ

He buysيشتريHe became undesirousاستـغنىThey became satisfiedرضوا

I astonishأعجب ملك Kings, plural ofالملوك Life, enjoyments of lifeالعيش

Do you know?

When different countries were conquered by the Muslims, their subjects

adopted Arabic along with maintaining their local languages. Arabic

preserved its identity while the local languages adopted a lot of words from

the Arabic due to religious reasons.



A’li Ibn Abi Talib رضى اهللا عنه

إن الجمال جمال العلم واألدب : ليس الجمال بأثـواب نـزيـنـنا Beauty is not due to cloths that we wear to make us attractive. Surely the beauty is the beauty of

knowledge and ethical behavior.

إن اليتيم يتيم العلم والحسب : ليس اليتيم قد مات والده The orphan is not the one whose father has died. Definitely the orphan is the one who lacks knowledge

and respect.

لنا علم و للجهال مال : رضينا قسمة الجبار فينا We are satisfied with the division of The Extremely Powerful (Allah) in our matter. The knowledge is for

us while the wealth the for ignorant (arrogant) people.

و إن العلم باق ال يـزال : فإن المال يـفني عن قريب Surely the wealth will destroy soon. But definitely the knowledge will remain forever, it will not vanish.


In us, in our matterفيناHe diedمات Beautyالجمال

واب / Extremely ignorantالجهال Respectالحسب ثوب Cloths, plural ofأثـ

arrogant

We dress ourselves toنزينـنا

look attractiveIt ruins / will ruinيـفنيWe became satisfiedرضينا

Remainingباق Divisionقسمة Ethics, good mannersاألدب

.Extremely Powerful i.eالجبار Orphanاليتيم

GodIt will not vanishال يـزال

Worth Reading

What is the significance of Character in building a nation? Read more:

http://www.mubashirnazir.org/PD/English/PE03-0001-Character.htm

Rule of the Day

An ال on the noun after an اسم اإلشارة indicates that the noun is

pointed our. If there is no ال, then it indicates that it is the خبر.


U’mar Ibn A’bdul A’ziz (d. 102H)

ر في عيش أمرئ لم يكن له مع اهللا في دار القرار نصيب : وال خيـThere is no good in the life of a man if he does not have a share with Allah in the real place of living (i.e.

Hereafter).

يا أناسا فإنها نـ ب الدوال قريب : فإن تـعجمتاع قليل و الزIf it is amazing to love for the world so surely it is a little sustenance and its decline is about to come.

Muhammad Ibn Idrees Al-Shaf’ii (d. 204H)

أو كنت في السوق كان العلم في السوق : إن كنت في البيت كان العلم فيه معي If I am at home, the knowledge is with me or if I am in the market, the knowledge is with me.

سأنـبيك عن تـفصيلها بـيان : أخي لن تـنال العلم إال بستة O my brother! You cannot achieve knowledge without six things: I will soon tell you the explanation of

the details of my statement.

وارشاد استاذ و طول زمان : ذكاء و حرص و اجتهاد و بـلغة (The six elements are:) Intelligence, greed (of knowledge), effort, reaching it, guidance of a teacher and

long period (of study).


Intelligenceذكاء Declineالزوال Lifeعيش

Greedحرص MarketالسوقManأمرئ

.Place of stay (i.eدار القرار

Hereafter)Effortاجتهاد You will not reachلن تـنال

Reachingبـلغة I shall tell youسأنـبيك Shareنصيب

Guidanceارشاد Its detailsتـفصيلهاHe amazedتـعجب

Teacherاستاذ ExplanationبـيانLoveأناسا



Lesson 4: Islamic Family Law

ر مؤمنة وألمة يـؤمن حتى المشركات تنكحوا وال ولعبد يـؤمنوا حتى المشركين تنكحوا وال أعجبتكم ولو مشركة من خيـر مؤمن لعلهم للناس آياته ويـبـين بإذنه والمغفرة الجنة إلى يدعو والله النار إلى يدعون أولئك أعجبكم ولو مشرك من خيـ

.يـتذكرون (O Believer Men!) Don’t marry polytheist women until they believe (in One God). Definitely a believer

slave woman is better than a polytheist woman although she appeals you. (O Believer Women!) Don’t

marry polytheist men until they believe (in One God). Surely a believer slave is better than a polytheist

although he attracts you. All of them call you towards the Hellfire and Allah calls you towards the

Paradise and forgiveness. He explains His signs for the people so that they are reminded (for their real

life.)

من فأتوهن تطهرن فإذا يطهرن حتى تـقربوهن وال المحيض في النساء فاعتزلوا أذى هو قل المحيض عن ويسألونك .المتطهرين ويحب التـوابين يحب الله إن الله أمركم حيث

They ask you about the menstruation. (O Prophet!) Tell, 'It is a discomfort, so keep away from the women

during menstruation. Don’t come near to them (for sex) until they are clean. When they cleanse

themselves, come to them from where Allah has instructed you. Surely Allah loves those who repent and

He loves those who cleanse themselves.

موا شئتم أنى حرثكم فأتوا لكم حرث نساؤكم قوا ألنفسكم وقده واتـكم واعلموا اللر مالقوه أنالمؤمنين وبش. Women are like a farmland for you. So come to your farmland in whatever way you want. Take care of

what you send forward for yourself (in the Hereafter) and fear Allah. Know that you have to meet Him

and give good news to the believers.


Give themآتوهنYou receive يـتذكرون Don’t marryال تنكحوا

,Pagan womenالمشركات

plural of المحيض مشركةMenstruation حيثWherever

Those who seek purityالمتطهرين Harm, discomfortأذىSlave womanأمة

Farmlandحرث Keep awayاعتزلواShe appeals youأعجبتكم

You wantشئتم Come near to themتـقربوهنThey call يدعون

مواThey become pureيطهرن He callsيدعو قدYou send for yourself

He explains, makesيـبـين

clearرن تطهThey purify themselvesمالقوVisitors

The Result




تـربص نسائهم من يـؤلون للذين .عليم سميع والله الناس بـين وتصلحوا وتـتـقوا تـبـروا أن أليمانكم عرضة الله تجعلوا وال والله قـلوبكم كسبت بما يـؤاخذكم ولكن أيمانكم في باللغو الله يـؤاخذكم ال .رحيم غفور الله فإن فاءوا فإن أشهر أربـعة .عليم سميع الله فإن الطالق عزموا وإن .حليم غفور

Don’t make Allah’s (name) a target of your oaths to make an excuse to prevent you from dealing justly,

being God-fearing and making reconciliation among people. Those who take an oath to not perform sex

with their wives, they (the wives) should wait for four months. If they (the husbands) return, then Allah is

the Forgiver, the Merciful. Allah will not make you accountable for senseless oaths but He will make you

accountable for what your hearts have earned. Allah is the Forgiver, the Tolerant. If you are determined

for divorce, then surely Allah is the Listener, the Knowledgeable (and He will make you accountable.)

واليـوم بالله يـؤمن كن إن أرحامهن في الله خلق ما يكتمن أن لهن يحل وال قـروء ثالثة بأنفسهن يـتـربصن والمطلقات والله درجة عليهن وللرجال بالمعروف عليهن الذي مثل ولهن إصالحا أرادوا إن ذلك في بردهن أحق وبـعولتـهن اآلخر .حكيم عزيز

The divorced women should wait for three menstrual cycles. It is not allowed for them to conceal what

Allah has created in their wombs, if they believe in Allah and the Day of Judgment. Their husbands have

the priority to return them in that period, if they are determined for reform. Women have the rights similar

to the rights (of men) exercised against them according to the established practice of the society, but the

men have a status above them. Allah is the Mighty, the Wise.


Their wombs, plural ofأرحامهنNonsense اللغو Target, aimعرضة

رحم

Your vows, plural ofأيمانكم

They becomeكنShe (they) earned كسبت يمين

بـعولتـهنYou decided عزمواYou executeأن تـبـرواTheir husbands, plural

of بعول

You reform, you makeتصلحوا

correctOne having priorityأحقDivorce الطالق

They vow for notيـؤلون

performing sexReturning themردهنDivorced women المطلقات

They decideأرادواThey waitيـتـربصن They waitتـربص

Reforming, correctionإصالحا Menstrual cycleقـروء شهر Months, plural ofأشهر

Established goodالمعروف It is not allowedال يحلThey return فاءوا

practice of a society

He makes youيـؤاخذكم

accountableRankدرجة To hideأن يكتمن



ا تأخذوا أن لكم يحل وال بإحسان تسريح أو بمعروف فإمساك مرتان الطالق مم شيئا آتـيتموهن يخافا أن إال يقيما أال تدت فيما عليهما جناح فال الله حدود يقيما أال خفتم فإن الله حدود حدود يـتـعد ومن تـعتدوها فال الله حدود تلك به افـ

.الظالمون هم فأولئك الله The divorce is twice. After that, keeping her according to an established good practice of society or

leaving them in a good manner. It is not allowed for you to take whatever things you have given to them,

except if both of them fear that they will not observe Allah’s limits. If you fear that both of them will not

maintain Allah’s limits, then there is no blame on them if she (the wife) gives a ransom (to get rid of her

husband). These are Allah’s limits. Don’t cross them. Whoever crosses Allah’s limits, they are the

offenders.

ره زوجا تنكح حتى بـعد من له تحل فال طلقها فإن حدود يقيما أن ظنا إن يـتـراجعا أن عليهما جناح فال طلقها فإن غيـنـها الله حدود وتلك الله يـعلمون لقوم يـبـيـ.

If he divorces her then she will not be allowed (for remarriage) with him until she marries another

husband. If he also divorces her, then there is no blame on both of them (the wife and her first husband) to

return back, if both of them think that they will maintain Allah’s limits. These are Allah’s limits, He

explains them for a nation who does not know.


تثنيه ,Twiceمرتان of مرة آتـيتموهنYou have given to

themNo harm, no blameال جناح

,Holding, keepingإمساك

graspingتدت Both of them fearأن يخافا She pays ransomافـ

Don’t cross limitsال تـعتدوهاBoth of them establishيقيماDischarging, leavingتسريح

He crosses limitيـتـعد حد Limits, plural ofحدود Favorإحسان

Both of them returnيـتـراجعاYou fearخفتم You takeأن تأخذوا

Do you know? In order to tease women, Pre-Islamic Arabs used to swear for not having sex with their

wives. This practice was called إيالء.The Quran closed the door of such oaths. If a person swears for not

having sex with his wife, she will become automatically free after four months.

Do you know? The wisdom behind the instructions of Allah to wait for three months after the divorce

is that both husband and wife have a chance to think deeply about the consequences of their divorce on

their family. There is a high probability that both of them will reverse the process of divorce after

thinking again and again for three months and the family will not be ruined. After the three months, the

divorce will be enforced. In case of first or second divorce, both of them can even re-marry after the

waiting period. Allah wants to maintain the family up to the last extent.



يـفعل ومن لتـعتدوا ضرارا تمسكوهن وال بمعروف سرحوهن أو بمعروف فأمسكوهن أجلهن فـبـلغن النساء طلقتم وإذا يعظكم والحكمة الكتاب من عليكم أنزل وما عليكم الله نعمة واذكروا هزوا الله آيات تـتخذوا وال نـفسه ظلم فـقد ذلك

.عليم شيء بكل الله أن واعلموا الله واتـقوا به When you divorce women and their term (of three menstrual cycles) reaches, then either keep them in a

right way or leave them in a good manner. Don’t keep them for harming them otherwise you will cross the

limits. Whoever does that, he has offended against himself. Don’t make Allah’s verses a joke. Remember

Allah’s blessings upon you and what He has revealed the Book and the Wisdom on you. He guides you

with it. Be fearful to Allah and know that Allah knows everything.


Jokeهزوا Leave themسرحوهنYou divorce طلقتم

He exhorts youيعظكم Don’t keep themال تمسكوهنThey reach at بـلغن

أجلهنTheir term ضراراAn intention to harm

أمسكوهنKeep themخذواال تـتDon’t make

Do you know?

In the patriarchic society of Pre-Islamic Arabia, there was a practice of divorcing wives and then

canceling the divorce in order to tease them to infinite number of times. In order to protect women, the

Quran limited the number of divorces to two. After the third divorce, the husband has no right to cancel

the divorce.

The law which was revealed to protect women, unfortunately people have started using it against them

and a heinous practice of 'Halalah' (temporary marriage) has been invented. According to Islam, the

marriage is a life-time contract. If a couple divorces thrice, they are separated forever. If the woman

marries with another man and then that man divorces her or dies, she has the right to remarry the first

husband, if she wills. There is no concept of a temporary marriage in Islam. The Prophet عليه اهللا صلىوسلم declared the person used in a temporary marriage is like a rented bull.

Do you know?

In these verses, a word معروف is coming again and again. It has two meanings: (1) good deeds about

which all human beings agree that they are good e.g. piousness, helping poor, chastity etc. (2)

established practice / law of a society. The Quran has left many things on the society to decide e.g. how

much amount a husband should pay to his wife at the time of marriage? How much he should pay on

monthly basis? How a husband and wife should divide the joint responsibilities of home? It is not

possible to make a universal law about it. Therefore, it is left on the society / government to decide

about it. In these verses, the word has been used in the both meanings.



نـهم تـراضوا إذا أزواجهن ينكحن أن تـعضلوهن فال أجلهن فـبـلغن النساء طلقتم وإذا بالله يـؤمن منكم كان من به يوعظ ذلك بالمعروف بـيـ.تـعلمون ال وأنـتم يـعلم والله وأطهر لكم أزكى ذلكم اآلخر واليـوم

When you divorce women and their term (of three menstrual cycles) completes, don’t make it difficult for

them to remarry their husbands if they come to an agreement according to the best practices of society.

This is enjoined on everyone who believes in Allah and the Day of Judgment. This is more virtuous and

chaste for you. Allah knows while you don’t know (the wisdom of protecting your family system).

إال نـفس تكلف ال بالمعروف وكسوتـهن رزقـهن له المولود وعلى الرضاعة يتم أن أراد لمن كاملين حولين أوالدهن يـرضعن والوالدات هما تـراض عن فصاال أرادا فإن ذلك مثل الوارث وعلى بولده له مولود وال بولدها والدة تضار ال وسعها وإن عليهما جناح فال وتشاور منـ.بصير تـعملون بما الله أن واعلموا الله واتـقوا بالمعروف آتـيتم ما سلمتم إذا عليكم جناح فال أوالدكم تستـرضعوا أن أردتم

Mothers should breast-feed their children for two complete years. It is for whom who decides to complete

the breast-feeding. It is the responsibility of the father to provide sustenance and dress according to the

best practices of the society. A person will not be made responsible beyond his capacity. A mother will not

be harmed due to her child and a father will also not be harmed for his child. On the heirs (of the father),

there is a responsibility similar to that. If both of them decide with mutual agreement and consultation to

wean, there is no blame on both of them. If you decide to arrange a foster-mother for your children, then

there is no blame on you provided that you pay whatever (remuneration) you decide (for the foster-

mother) according to the practice of society. Fear Allah and know that Allah is observing your deeds.


ال تـعضلوهنDon’t make it

difficultInheritorالوارث Two complete yearsحولين كاملين

Both of them decideأراداThat they completeأن يتمThat they marry أن ينكحن

They reach at anتـراضوا

agreementWeaningفصاال Suckling, nursingالرضاعة

It is sincerelyيوعظ

advised Father, who has aالمولود له

childAgreementتـراض

Virtuous, moreأزكى

pure رزقـهنTheir sustenance تشاورThey consult

You decidedأردتم Their dressكسوتـهنChaste, more pure أطهر

Mothers, plural ofالوالدات

It is not madeال تكلف والدة

responsible for-You arrange a fosterتستـرضعوا

mother

You settleسلمتم Its capacityوسعهاThey suckleيـرضعن

أوالدهنTheir children ال تضارShe will not be

harmedYou gaveآتـيتم



فـعلن فيما عليكم جناح فال أجلهن بـلغن فإذا وعشرا أشهر أربـعة بأنفسهن يـتـربصن أزواجا ويذرون منكم يـتـوفـون والذين .خبير تـعملون بما والله بالمعروف أنفسهن في

Those of you who die and leave wives, they (wives) should keep themselves waiting for 4 months and 10

days. When their term completes, there is not blame on you whatever they do about yourself in a right

way. And Allah is informed about what you do.

تـواعدوهن ال ولكن ستذكرونـهن أنكم الله علم أنفسكم في أكننتم أو النساء خطبة من به عرضتم فيما عليكم جناح واللغ حتى النكاح عقدة تـعزموا وال معروفا قـوال تـقولوا أن إال سرا أنفسكم في ما يـعلم الله أن واعلموا أجله الكتاب يـبـ

.حليم غفور الله أن واعلموا فاحذروه There is no blame on you whether you propose to the (widowed or divorced) women or keep it in your

mind. Allah knows that soon you will mention it to them, but don’t promise them (during the waiting

period) secretly except what you say is a good manner. Don’t determine the wedlock until the legal period

completes. Know that Allah knows what is in your minds, so be warned. Know that Allah is the Forgiver,

the Tolerant.

قدره المقتر وعلى قدره الموسع على ومتـعوهن فريضة لهن تـفرضوا أو تمسوهن لم ما النساء طلقتم إن عليكم جناح ال.المحسنين على حقا بالمعروف متاعا

There is no blame on you if you divorce the wives before having intercourse with them or before the

dowry is decided. It is obligatory to pay them according to the best practices of the society, the rich man

will pay according to his capacity and the poor man will pay according to his capacity. The sustenance

will be according to the best practice of the society. It is an obligation on the righteous people.


You will mention toتذكرونـهنThey die يـتـوفـون

them وهنتمسYou touch them i.e.

perform sex

You make a promise toتـواعدوهنThey leave يذرون

themYou make obligatoryتـفرضوا

Obligation of dowryفريضة Secretlyسرا They waitيـتـربصن

Give themمتـعوهنDon’t be determined ال تـعزمواThey didفـعلن

Rich personالموسع Knotعقدة You presentedعرضتم

Proposing forخطبة

marriageلغ According to hisقدره It reachesيـبـ

means

Poor manالمقتر So be warnedاحذروه You concealedأكننتم



عقدة بيده الذي يـعفو أو يـعفون أن إال فـرضتم ما فنصف فريضة لهن فـرضتم وقد تمسوهن أن قـبل من طلقتموهن وإن رب تـعفوا وأن النكاح نكم الفضل تنسوا وال للتـقوى أقـ .بصير تـعملون بما الله إن بـيـ

If you have divorced them before you have touched them and fixed a dowry for them, then you have to

pay the half of what you have fixed except they (the woman) waives it or the one (usually the guardian of

that woman) in whose hand the wedlock is, agrees to waive the amount. If you waive (pay the full dowry),

then it is nearer to God-fearing attitude. Don’t forget to show kindness to each other. Surely Allah is

observing what you do.

كما الله فاذكروا أمنتم فإذا ركبانا أو فرجاال خفتم فإن .قانتين لله وقوموا الوسطى والصالة الصلوات على حافظوا.تـعلمون تكونوا لم ما علمكم

Protect your prayers, especially the Middle Prayer, and stand in front of Allah with true devotion. If you

face a risk, then pray whether you are walking or riding (in the best possible way). When you become free

(of that risk), remember Allah in the way He has taught you what you did not know.

ر الحول إلى متاعا ألزواجهم وصية أزواجا ويذرون منكم يـتـوفـون والذين ما في عليكم جناح فال خرجن فإن إخراج غيـ لكم الله يـبـين كذلك .المتقين على حقا بالمعروف متاع وللمطلقات .حكيم عزيز والله معروف من أنفسهن في فـعلن )242-2:221 البقرة( .تـعقلون لعلكم آياته

Those of you who die and leave wives, they should bequeath for their wives for a maintenance for a year

and not driving out (of husband’s home). If they go out (by their own to marry another person), there is no

blame on you about what they do about themselves in a decent way. Allah is the Mighty, the Wise. For the

divorced women, you have to pay reasonable maintenance, it is an obligation on the God-fearing people.

In this way Allah explains His verses for you so that you understand.


Bequestوصية MiddleالوسطىYou made obligatoryفـرضتم

Driving outإخراج Stand (O you all!)قومواThey forgiveأن يـعفون

They come outخرجن Straight, obedientقانتين You forgiveأن تـعفوا

رب He explainsيـبـين On footرجاال Nearestأقـ

While ridingركبانا Don’t forgetال تنسوا

You become safeأمنتم Protect (O you all!)حافظوا

Do you know?

Pre-Islamic Arabs had a view that a Giant (Jinn) can control the mind of a poet to create extra-ordinary

masterpiece of communication. They used to consider the Quran a revelation of a Jinn.


أنت الحمد، لك اللهم ' :قال يـتـهجد الليل من قام إذا وسلم عليه اهللا صلى النبي كان :عنهما اهللا رضي عباس ابن قال واألرض السموات ملك أنت الحمد، ولك واألرض، السموات نور أنت الحمد ولك فيهن، ومن واألرض السماوات قـيم حق، والنبيون حق، والنار حق، والجنة حق، وقولك حق، ولقاؤك الحق، ووعدك الحق، أنت الحمد، ولك فيهن، ومن

.حق والساعة حق، وسلم عليه اهللا صلى ومحمد Ibn A’bbas said: When the Prophet وسلم عليه اهللا صلى used to stand at night for the performing the Night Prayer,

he used to say: 'O Allah! Praise is for You, You are the establisher of the heavens and the earth and

whoever is between them. Praise is for You, You are the light of the heavens and the earth. Praise is for

You, You are the King of the heavens and the earth and whatever is in them. Praise is for You, You are the

truth, Your promise is the truth, meeting with You is the truth, Your talks are the truth, the Paradise is the

truth, the Hell is the truth, the prophets are the truth and Muhammad is the truth, and the Day of Judgment

is the truth.

مت ما لي فاغفر حاكمت، وإليك خاصمت، وبك أنـبت، وإليك تـوكلت، وعليك آمنت، وبك أسلمت، لك اللهم وما قد م، أنت أعلنت، وما أسررت وما أخرت، ر، وأنت المقد التهجد كتاب بخاري،('.غيرك إله ال :أو أنت، إال إله ال المؤخ(

O Allah! I submitted myself to You. I believed in You. I trusted in You. I returned towards You. With Your

support, I argue. I sue in Your court. So forgive me for whatever I did in past and will do in future,

(forgive whatever) I have concealed and whatever I have disclosed. You are the One Who make (some

people) forward and (some people) backward. There is no god except You.' or he said, 'There is no god

other than You.'


He performs prayer atيـتـهجد

late night I sent in advance (I did inقدمت I submitted myselfأسلمت

past)

Establisher, One whoقـيم

establishes I postponed (I shall do inأخرت I believedآمنت

future)

I hid, I concealedأسررت I trustedتـوكلت Lightنور

I announcedأعلنت I left onأنـبت Meeting with youك لقاؤ

Time, The Time ofالساعة

Judgmentم I engaged in a dialogueخاصمت المقدOne Who gives early

One Who postponesالمؤخر I put a lawsuitحاكمت

Other than youغيرك Forgiveاغفر

The Result


Lesson 5: The Rights of Allah and the Rights of Human Beings


وتسع سبع :فقالت بالليل، وسلم عليه اهللا صلى اهللا رسول صالة عن عنها، اهللا رضي عائشة سألت :قال مسروق عن)التهجد كتاب بخاري،( .الفجر ركعتي وسوى عشرة، وإحدى

Narrated by Masrooq, he said: I asked A’yesha about the Prophet’s prayer at night time. She said, 'It wasseven or nine or eleven (Rak’at) other than the two Rak’at of Fajr Prayer.'

.ساقاه أو قدماه، ترم حتى ليصلي أو ليـقوم وسلم عليه اهللا صلى النبي كان إن :يقول عنه اهللا رضي المغيرة سمعت )التهجد كتاب بخاري،('شكورا؟ عبدا أكون أفال' :فيقول له، فـيـقال

I listened Mughira while he was saying: 'The Prophet used to stand (for prayer) or used to perform his

prayer until his both feet or legs swelled. It was discussed with him, he said, 'Why not should I become a

thankful slave (of Allah)?'

بصالته فصلى المسجد، في ليلة ذات صلى وسلم عليه اهللا صلى اهللا رسول أن :عنها اهللا رضي المؤمنين أم عائشة عن اهللا صلى اهللا رسول إليهم يخرج فلم الرابعة، أو الثالثة الليلة من اجتمعوا ثم الناس، فكثـر القابلة، من صلى ثم ناس، تفرض أن خشيت أنني إال إليكم الخروج من يمنـعني ولم صنـعتم، الذي رأيت قد' :قال أصبح فلما وسلم، عليه

)التهجد كتاب بخاري،( .رمضان في وذلك '.عليكم

Narrated by A’yesha, the mother of believers: Allah’s Apostle offered the prayer in the Mosque one night

and the people followed him. The next night he also offered the prayer and too many people gathered. On

the third and the fourth nights more people gathered, but Allah's Apostle did not come out to them.

In the morning he said, 'I saw what you were doing and nothing stopped me from coming to you except

the fear that it (i.e. the additional night prayer) might become obligatory on you.' And that happened in the

month of Ramadan.


You madeصنـعتم ThankfulشكوراOther thanسوى

It forbids meيمنـعنيNextالقابلة It swelledترم

تثنيه ,His both feetقدماه of كثـر قدمIt increased خشيتI feared

تثنيه ,His both lower-legsساقاه of اجتمعواساقThey gathered تفرضIt is / will be made

mandatory


Rule of the Day!

The word ما combines with different prepositions in order to give different meanings:

• بما= ما + ب (With what)

• لما= ما + ل (For what)

• مما= ما + من (From what)

• عما= ما + عن (About what)


أن خشية به، يعمل أن يحب وهو العمل ليدع وسلم عليه اهللا صلى اهللا رسول كان إن :قالت عنها اهللا رضي عائشة عن بخاري،( .ألسبحها وإني قط◌، الضحى سبحة وسلم عليه اهللا صلى اهللا رسول سبح وما عليهم، فـيفرض الناس به يعمل )التهجد كتاب

Narrated by A’yesha, she said: Allah's Apostle used to give up a good deed, although he loved to do it, for

fear that people might act on it and it might be made compulsory for them. The Prophet never prayed theprayer after sunrise, but I offer it.

نام هو إذا أحدكم رأس قافية على الشيطان يعقد ' :قال وسلم عليه اهللا صلى اهللا رسول أن :عنه اهللا رضي هريرة أبي عن تـوضأ فإن عقدة، انحلت اهللا فذكر استيقظ فإن .فارقد طويل ليل عليك :عقدة كل مكان على يضرب عقد، ثالث

كتاب بخاري،( '.كسالن النفس خبيث أصبح إال و النفس، طيب نشيطا فأصبح عقدة، انحلت صلى فإن عقدة، انحلت )التهجد

Narrated by Abu Hurairah: Allah's Apostle said, 'Satan puts three knots at the back of the head of any of

you if he is asleep. On every knot he reads and exhales the following words, 'The night is long, so stay

asleep.' When one wakes up and remembers Allah, one knot is undone; and when one performs ablution,

the second knot is undone, and when one prays the third knot is undone and one gets up energetic with a

good heart in the morning; otherwise one gets up lazy and with a mischievous heart.'

متفق( '.لنـفسه يحب ما ألخيه يحب حتى أحدكم يـؤمن ال' :قال وسلم عليه الله صلى النبي عن عنه الله رضي أنس عن .)عليه

Narrated by Anas that the Prophet said, 'Nobody of you can become a believer unless he likes for his

brother what he likes for himself.'


Knotعقدة Back side of headقافية رأس He leavesيدع

It is / will be madeيفرض

obligatoryActive, energeticنشيطاHe sleptنام

He provokes Allah’sسبح

exaltedness Having a pleasantطيب النفس عقدة Knots, plural ofعقد

personality

Provoking Allah’sسبحة

exaltedness Having a dullخبيث النفس Longطويل

personality

Lazyكسالن Keep sleepingارقد Time after sunriseالضحى

قطEver, never استيقظHe wakes up (after a

sleep)He is not a believerال يـؤمن

I provoke Allah’sأسبحها

exaltednessForه خيألIt is untiedانحلت his brother

Forنـفسه ل He performed ablutionتـوضأHe ties a knotيعقد himself



السماء إلى ليلة كل وتـعالى تـبارك ربـنا يـنزل ' :قال وسلم عليه اهللا صلى اهللا رسول أن :عنه اهللا رضي هريرة أبي عننيا، يل ثـلث يبقى حين الدله فأغفر يستغفرني من فأعطيه، يسألني من له، فأستجيب يدعوني من :يقول اآلخر، الل.'

)التهجد كتاب بخاري،(

Narrated by Abu Huraira: Allah's Apostle said: 'Our Lord, the Blessed, the Superior, comes every night

down on the nearest Heaven to us when the last third of the night remains, saying: ‘Is there anyone to

invoke Me, so that I may respond to invocation? Is there anyone to ask Me, so that I may grant him hisrequest? Is there anyone seeking My forgiveness, so that I may forgive him?’'

اريـتين، بين ممدود حبل فإذا وسلم، عليه اهللا صلى النبي دخل :قال عنه اهللا رضي مالك بن أنس عن هذا ما' :فقال الس أحدكم ليصل حلوه، ال' :وسلم عليه اهللا صلى النبي فقال '.تـعلقت فـتـرت فإذا لزينب، حبل هذا' :قالوا 'الحبل؟)التهجد كتاب بخاري،(.)فليـقعد فـتـر فإذا نشاطه،

Narrated by Anas Ibn Malik: Once the Prophet entered the Mosque and saw a rope hanging in between its

two pillars. He said, 'What is this rope?' The people said, 'This rope is for Zainab (Prophet’s wife) who,

when she feels tired, holds it (to keep standing for the prayer.)'

The Prophet said, 'No, untie it. Everyone of you should pray as long he feels energetic, and when he gets

tired, he should sit down.'

هما الله رضي عمر ابن عن إال إله ال أن شهادة :خمس على اإلسالم بني ' :وسلم عليه اهللا صلى الله رسول قال :قال عنـ.)البخاري رواه( '.رمضان وصوم والحج، الزكاة، وإيتاء الصالة، إقام و الله، رسول محمدا وأن الله

Narrated by Ibn U’mar, he said that the Prophet said, 'Islam is based on five (principles): To testify that

there is no god except Allah and Muhammad is Allah's Apostle. To establish the (compulsory

congregational) prayers (dutifully and perfectly.) To pay Zakat (i.e. obligatory charity) To perform Hajj.

(i.e. Pilgrimage to Mecca) To observe fast during the month of Ramadan. (Bukhari reported it)


So that he praysليصلForgive! أغفرLazyكسالن

His energetic bodyنشاطه He enteredدخل He comes downيـنزل

condition

He becomes tiredفـتـر A ropeحبل He / it remainsيبقى

He should sitليـقعد Hanging, stretchedممدود He calls Meيدعوني

تثنيه ,Two pillarsالساريـتين I will respond himأستجيب of بني ساريةIt is built over

Witness, declarationشهادة She becomes tiredفـتـرت He asks meيسألني

Giving, payingإيتاء She hangsتـعلقت I give himأعطيه

He sake forgivenessيستغفرني

from meFastingصومUntie itحلوه



.ميت أسك بجدي فمر .كنـفته والناس العالية، بعض من داخال بالسوق، مر وسلم عليه اهللا صلى اهللا رسول أن عبداهللا؛ بن جابر عن :قالوا 'لكم؟ أنه أتحبون ' قال 'به؟ نصنع وما .بشيء لنا أنه نحب ما' :فقالوا 'بدرهم؟ له هذا أن يحب أيكم' قال ثم .بأذنه فأخذ فـتـناوله

نيا !فواهللا ' فقال 'ميت؟ وهو فكيف .أسك ألنه فيه، عيبا كان حيا، كان لو !واهللا ' و الزهد كتاب مسلم،( '.عليكم هذا من اهللا، على أهون للد )2956 الرقائق،

Reported by Jabir Ibn A’bdullah that Allah’s Apostle passed by the market, entering from its upper side,

and people were on his side. So he passed by a dead sheep having small ears. He caught it from its ear and

said, 'Would anyone of you like (to buy) this for a silver coin?' They said, 'We don’t like to buy it for

anything. What will we do with it?' He said, 'Do you like to owe it?' They said, 'By God! If it was alive,

there is a defect in it because its ears are small. So how we can owe it while it is dead?' He said, 'By God!For Allah, this world is more inferior than it is (inferior) for you.'

رجال، سابـبت إني :فقال ذلك، عن فسألناه حلة، غالمه وعلى حلة، وعليه عنه، اهللا رضي الغفاري ذر أبا رأيت :سويد بن المعرور قال اهللا جعلهم خولكم، إخوانكم إن ' :قال ثم '.بأمه أعيرته ' :وسلم عليه اهللا صلى النبي لي فقال وسلم، عليه اهللا صلى النبي إلى فشكاني

يغلبـهم ما كلفتموهم فإن يغلبـهم، ما تكلفوهم وال يلبس، مما وليلبسه يأكل، مما فليطعمه يده، تحت أخوه كان فمن أيديكم، تحت )2545 العتق، كتاب بخاري،( '.فأعينوهم

Ma’roor Ibn Suwaid said: I saw Abu Dhar Al-Ghafari wearing a cloak, and his slave, too, was wearing a

cloak. We asked him about that (i.e. how both were wearing similar cloaks). He replied, 'Once I abused a

man and he complained of me to the Prophet . The Prophet asked me, 'Did you abuse him by slighting his

mother?' He added, 'Your slaves are your brethren upon whom Allah has given you authority. So, if one

has one's brethren under one's control, one should feed them with the like of what one eats and clothe

them with the like of what one wears. You should not overburden them with what they cannot bear, and if

you do so, help them (in their hard job).'


مرHe passed أخذHe caught it أهونThe most inferior

Gownحلة Its earأذنه Marketسوق

His boy (slave boy)غالمه Dirham, a sliver coinدرهم Enteringداخال

We asked himسألناه We love, we likeنحبHigher part بعض العالية

They were on hisه كنـفت side شيءA thing سابـبتI insulted

He complained about meشكانيWe makeنصنع Goatجدي

أسكHaving small ears ونتحبYou all love / like رتهعيYou blamed him

Your brotherخولكمAliveحياDiedميت

He made themجعلهم Weakness, defectعيباHe took itتـناوله



نا، فلم نظر، الليل بـعض كان حتى أسود، وعقاال أبيض عقاال عدي أخذ :قال عدي عن يا' :قال أصبح فلما يستبيـ .)وسادتك تحت واألسود األبيض الخيط كان أن لعريض، إذا وسادك إن ' :قال '.وسادتي تحت جعلت اهللا، رسول

)4240 التفسير، كتاب بخاري،(

Narrated from A’di: A’di took a white and a black thread. He looked at them at some part of night, but

they did not become clear. At the morning he said, 'O Allah’s Prophet! I put them under my pillow.' He

said, 'Then your pillow is very wide. Black and White Threads are under your pillow.' [The Hadith was

about the Quranic instruction about fasting: 'Eat and drink until the white thread (of morning) becomes

distinguishable from the black thread (of night).' In the verse, black and white thread are an allegory for

the night and the morning. A’di understood the verse in its literal meanings and placed a black and whitethread under his pillow. When he told his story to the Prophet وسلم وآله عليه اهللا صلى , he joked to him, 'Then your

pillow is very wide. Black and White Threads are under your pillow.']

فـقال '.فحجوا الحج عليكم اهللا فـرض قد !الناس أيها' فقال وسلم عليه اهللا صلى اهللا رسول خطبـنا :قال .هريرة أبي عن .نـعم :قلت لو' :وسلم عليه اهللا صلى اهللا رسول فـقال .ثالثا قالها حتى .فسكت '!اهللا رسول يا ؟ عام كل أ ' :رجل

.أنبيائهم على واختالفهم سؤالهم بكثرة قبلكم كان من هلك فإنما .تركتكم ما ذروني' :قال ثم '.استطعتم ولما .لوجبت )1337 الحج، كتاب مسلم،( '.فدعوه شيء عن نهيتكم وإذا .استطعتم ما منه فأتوا بشيء أمرتكم فإذا

Narrated by Abu Hurairah, he said: Allah’s Apostle delivered a sermon to us and said: 'O People! Allah

has made the pilgrimage obligatory to you, so perform the Hajj.' A person said, 'O Allah’s Prophet! Every

year?' He remained silent until he (the person) said three times. Allah’s Prophet Said: 'If I had said, ‘yes’,

it would have become obligatory on you while you were not able to do that.' Then he said:

'Leave whatever I leave for you. People before you destroyed due to a large number of questions and

disagreements with their prophets. When I instruct you about anything, take it according to your

capabilities. When I forbid you from anything, then leave it.'WordExplanationWordExplanationWordExplanation

He made obligatoryفـرض Threadعقاال Underتحت

O you all! PerformحجواWhiteأبيض Your both handsأيديكم

pilgrimage

Yearعام Blackأسود He should feed himليطعمه

He became silentسكت He looked atنظر He eats / will eatيأكل

ناHe should provide him dressليلبسه Both of them becomeيستبيـ

visible Definitely it becomesلوجبت

mandatory

You were capable ofاستطعتم I put / makeجعلت He wears dressيلبس

Leave meذرونيMy pillowوسادتي You make them responsibleتكلفوهم

I leave youتركتكم Pillowوساد It overwhelms themيغلبـهم

He destroyedهلك Definitely very wideلعريض You made them responsibleكلفتموهم

Their questionsسؤالهمThreadالخيط Help themأعينوهم



'الساعة؟ متى' :فقال أعرابي جاءه القوم، يحدث مجلس في وسلم عليه اهللا صلى النبي بينما :قال هريرة أبي عن لم بل' :بعضهم وقال '.قال ما فكره قال ما سمع ' :القوم بـعض فقال يحدث، وسلم عليه اهللا صلى اهللا رسول فمضىائل أراه أين ' :قال حديثه قضى إذا حتى '.يسمع اعة عن السرسول يا أنا ها' :قال '.الس عت فإذا' :قال 'اهللااألمانة ضيـ ر إلى األمر وسد إذا' :قال 'إضاعتـها؟ كيف' :قال '.الساعة فانتظر )59 العلم، كتاب بخاري،( .)الساعة فانتظر أهله غيـ

While the Prophet was saying something in a gathering, a Bedouin came and asked him, 'When would the

Hour (Doomsday) take place?' Allah's Apostle continued his talk, so some people said that Allah's Apostle

had heard the question, but did not like what that Bedouin had asked. Some of them said that Allah's

Apostle had not heard it. When the Prophet finished his speech, he said, 'Where is the questioner, who

enquired about the Hour (Doomsday)?' The Bedouin said, 'I am here, O Allah's Apostle .' Then the Prophet

said, 'When honesty is lost, then wait for the Hour (Doomsday).' The Bedouin said, 'How will that be lost?'

The Prophet said, 'When the power or authority comes in the hands of unfit persons, then wait for theHour (Doomsday.)'

قال '.كبر من ذرة مثقال قلبه في كان من الجنة يدخل ال' :قال وسلم عليه اهللا صلى النبي عن مسعود، بن عبداهللا عنر .الجمال يحب جميل اهللا إن ' :قال '.حسنة ونعله حسنا ثوبه يكون أن يحب الرجل إن ' :رجل وغمط الحق بطر الكبـ

)147 اإليمان، كتاب مسلم،( '.الناس

Narrated by A’bdulalh Ibn Mas’ud from the Prophet, he said: 'No body will enter the Paradise having

arrogance equivalent to the weight of a small grain in his heart.' A man said, 'Surely a person likes that his

cloths and shoes are good.' (Prophet) said, 'Surely Allah is graceful and He loves handsomeness.

Arrogance is denying the truth and considering people inferior.'


His heartقلبه He dislikedكره Their disputesاختالفهم

He finished, heقضىI order youأمرتكم

declared Equal to the weight of aمثقال ذرة

grain

Pride, arroganceكبر I saw himأراه Take itفأتوا

His clothثوبه It is wastedضيـعت I forbid youنهيتكم

GoodحسناHonestyاألمانة Leave it (O you all)دعوه

His shoesنعله !Waitانتظر Sittingمجلس

Handsome, beautifulجميل Its wastageإضاعتـهاHe describes, he talksيحدث

Beautyالجمال It is givenوسد He came to himجاءه

أعرابيAn Arab Villager,

Bedouin ر أهله Other than competentغيـ

people بطر الحقBeing careless about the

truth

To despiseغمط He does not enterال يدخل He wentمضى



.الخلق حسن البر ' فقال واإلثم؟ البر عن وسلم عليه اهللا صلى اهللا رسول سألت :قال .األنصاري سمعان بن النواس عن )2553 الصلة، و البر كتاب مسلم،( '.الناس عليه يطلع أن وكرهت صدرك، في حاك ما واإلثم

Narrated by Nawas Ibn Sam’an Al-Ansari, he said: I asked Allah’s Apostle about the piety and the sin. He

said, 'Piety is having good character while the sin is what creates a feeling of discomfort in your chest andyou don’t like to disclose it to people.'

من الليلة أنزل ذا ما اهللا، إال إله ال' :يقول وهو الليل، من وسلم عليه اهللا صلى النبي استيقظ :قالت سلمة أم عننة، زل ماذا الفتـ نيا في كاسية من كم الحجرات، صواحب يوقظ من الخزائن، من أنـ كتاب بخاري،( '.القيامة يوم عارية الد )5844 اللباس،

Narrated by Umm Salemah: One night the Prophet woke up, saying, 'There is no god except Allah! How

many afflictions have been sent down tonight, and how many treasures have been sent down (disclosed)!

Who will go and wake up (for prayers) the lady dwellers of these rooms? Many well dressed soul (people)in this world, will be naked on the Day of Resurrection.'

للذي وجهي وجهت ' :قال الصالة إلى قام إذا كان أنه وسلم؛ عليه اهللا صلى اهللا رسول عن طالب، أبي بن علي عن له شريك ال .العالمين رب هللا ومماتي ومحياي ونسكي صالتي إن .المشركين من أنا وما حنيفا واألرض السماوات فطر

.المسلمين من وأنا أمرت وبذلك Narrated by A’li Ibn Abi Talib about Allah’s Apostle that when he used to stand for prayer, he used to say,

'I have turned my face in straight position for The One Who originated the heavens and the earth. I am not

one from polytheists. Surely my prayer, my sacrifice, my life and my death is for Allah, the Lord of all

worlds. There is no associate to Him. For that I am instructed and I am the one from submitters.


البرPiety أنزلIt came down هتوجI faced towards

نة Sinاإلثم My faceوجهي Test, temptation, persecutionالفتـ

He originatedفطر خزانة Treasures, plural ofالخزائن Good characterحسن الخلق

StraightحنيفاHe arousesيوقظ It caused abrasionحاك

People, owners, plural ofصواحب Your chestصدرك

My sacrificesنسكيصاحب

My lifeمحياي حجرة Small rooms, plural ofالحجرات You dislikedكرهت

My deathمماتيOne having clothsكاسية To informأن يطلع

I am instructedأمرت One without clothsعارية He woke upاستيقظ



إال الذنوب يغفر ال إن◌◌ه جميعا، ذنوبي لي فاغفر بذنبي واعتـرفت نـفسي ظلمت .أنت إال إله ال الملك أنت !اللهم !لبيك .أنت إال سيئـها عني يصرف ال .سيئـها عني واصرف .أنت إال ألحسنها يهدي ال .األخالق ألحسن واهدني أنت

'.إليك وأتوب أستغفرك .وتـعاليت تـباركت .وإليك بك أنا .إليك ليس والشر .يديك في كله والخير !وسعديك O Allah! You are the King. There is no god except You. I have offended against myself. I confess my sins,

so forgive all of my sins. Surely nobody forgives the sins except You. Guide me for the best character.

Nobody can guide for the right character except You. Take away its evil from me. Nobody can take it

away except You. I am available at Your service. I am obedient to You. All good is in Your Hands. Evil

cannot be associated to You. I am for You and submitted towards You. You are Self-Blessed and Exalted. Iseek forgiveness from You and return to You.'

'.وعصبي وعظمي ومخي .وبصري سمعي لك خشع .أسلمت ولك .آمنت وبك .ركعت لك !اللهم' قال ركع وإذاWhen he used to bow down, he said: 'O Allah! I have bowed for You. I have believed in You. I havesubmitted to You. My ears, eyes, brain, bones and nerves are submitted to you.'

'.بعد شيء من شئت ما وملء بينـهما ما وملء األرض وملء السماوات ملء الحمد لك ربـنا !اللهم' قال رفع وإذاWhen he used to raise up, he said, 'O Allah! My Lord! The praise is for You equivalent to the full measure

of the heavens, the earth and whatever is between both of them and equivalent to the measure of whatever

thing You want after that.'


He bowedركع Its sin, its evilسيئـهاI offendedظلمت

I bowedركعت He does not takes awayال يصرف I confessاعتـرفت

I believedآمنت I am obedient to Youسعديك My sinذنبي

I submitted myselfأسلمت Evilالشر ذنب My sins, plural ofذنوبي

I surrender myselfخشع You are The Self-Blessedتـباركت He forgivesيغفر

My power toسمعي You are Exaltedتـعاليت Better or the bestأحسن

listen

My eyesightبصريI seek forgiveness from youأستغفرك He guidesيهدي

My brainمخيI return toأتوب Take away from meاصرف عني


Face the Challenge!

Describe different types of nouns and verbs. You

can get help from the Book of Module AG02.


.وبصره سمعه وشق وصوره، خلقه للذي وجهي سجد .أسلمت ولك .آمنت وبك .سجدت لك !اللهم' قال سجد وإذا'.الخالقين أحسن اهللا تبارك

When he used to prostrate, he said, 'O Allah! I have prostrated for You. I have believed in You. I have

submitted to You. My face has prostrated for the One Who has created it, shaped it and carved ears andeyes in it. Allah is Self-Blessed, the Best of the creators.'

وما .أعلنت وما أسررت وما .أخرت وما قدمت ما لي اغفر !اللهم' والتسليم التشهد بين يـقول ما آخر من يكون ثمم أنت .مني به أعلم أنت وما .أسرفت ر وأنت المقد771 الصلوة، كتاب مسلم،( '.أنت إال إله ال .المؤخ(

Then at the end, he used to say between Tashahud and Tasleem, 'O Allah! Forgive me what I did in past

and what I shall do in future, what I have concealed and what I have disclosed and what I have crossed the

limits. You are More Knowledgeable than me. You are the One Who make (some people) forward and

(some people) backward. There is no god except You.'

(Translation of some Ahadith is adapted from the Hadith Software of Islambase Publications.)


The Best of creatorsأحسن الخالقينHe prostratedسجد My bonesعظمي

i.e. Allah

He becomes / willيكون I prostratedسجدت My nervesعصبي

become

Testimonyالتشهد He created itخلقه He raised (his head)رفع

Filled quantity, equal toملء

the measure ofPrayer for peaceالتسليم He shaped itصوره

I crossed the limitsأسرفت He carvedشقYou liked, You pleased شئت

Afterبعد


Worth Reading

What is glamour and what is its impact on human personality? Read

more:

http://www.mubashirnazir.org/PD/English/PE02-0011-Glamor.htm

Do you know?

Prophet Muhammad صلى اهللا عليه وسلم used to visit Arabic

festivals in order to introduce people with the message of Quran.


Lesson 6: The Story of Yousuf (Joseph) عليه الصلوة والسالم

قصة له ويوسف .يعقوب بن يوسف منهم ولدا، عشر اثنا له يعقوب وكان .نبيا وكان يـعقوب اسمه ولد إلسحاق وكان.!القصة هذه إليك و .القرآن في عجيبة

Isaac had a son, his name was Jacob and he was a prophet. Jacob had twelve boys, Joseph the son of Jacob

was one of them. There is an amazing story about Joseph in the Quran. This story is described to you.

يعقوب أبوه وكان .ذكيا غالما يـوسف وكان جميال، غالما يوسف وكان .أخا عشر أحد له وكان ، صغيرا ولدا يوسف كان يسجد كل والقمر الشمس ورأى كوكبا عشر أحد رأى .عجيبة رؤيا يوسف رأى ليلة ذات .اخوته جميع من أكثـر يحبه

.له Joseph was a little boy. He had 11 brothers. Joseph was a handsome boy. He was an intelligent boy. His

father Jacob used to love him more than all of his brothers. One night, Joseph saw an amazing dream. He

saw that 11 stars, the sun and the moon, all of them prostrate for him.

ر يوسف ذهب لرجل؟ والقمر والشمس الكواكب تسجد كيف الرؤيا هذه فهم وما ! كثيرا الصغير يوسف تـعجب الصغيـتـهم والقمر والشمس كوكبا عشر أحد رأيت إني أبت يا' .العجيبة الرؤيا هذه له وحكى .يعقوب أبيه إلى لي رأيـ

'.ساجدين

Little Joseph astonished a lot. He did not understand this dream. How can starts, the sun and the moon

prostrate for a man? Little Joseph went to his father Jacob and described this amazing dream: 'O father! I

have seen 11 stars, the sun and the moon. I have seen them prostrating for me.'


تـهم AllجميعStoryقصة I saw themرأيـ

Prostrating, plural ofساجدين DreamرؤياStrange, amazingعجيبة

ساجد

He understoodفهم StarكوكباIntelligent, brilliantذكيا

The Result

Calculate your score. Each line carries ten marks. If your score is less than 80%, repeat the exercise.

Rule of the Day

A مركب جاري is composed of two words: حرف جر، مجرور. The مجرور is the word coming after the

جر It is always in its .حرف جر .



الرؤيا هذه .شأن لك فسيكون يوسف، يا لك اهللا بارك' وقال .كثيرا الرؤيا بهذه يعقوب فرح .نبيا يـعقوب أبوه وكان عم قد و .ونبوة بعلم بشارة آل على وينعم عليك يـنعم وإنه .إبراهيم جدك على اهللا أنعم وقد إسحاق جدك على اهللا أنـ

'.يـعقوب His father Jacob was a prophet. Jacob became happy a lot for this dream. He said, 'Allah has blessed you,

O Joseph! Soon it will be your position. This dream is a good news for you about knowledge and

prophethood. Allah has blessed upon your grandfather Isaac, He also blessed your grand-grandfather

Abraham. It is He who will bless upon you and will bless upon the progeny of Jacob.'

.باإلنسان الشيطان يـلعب وكيف الشيطان، يغلب كيف يـعرف وكان .الناس طبائع يـعرف وكان كبيرا، شيخا يـعقوب وكان '.عدوا لك ويكونون يحسدونك فإنهم اخوتك من أحدا الرؤيا بهذه تخبر ال ولدي، يا' فـقال

Jacob was a great old man. He used to know people’s nature. He used to know how the Satan dominates a

person and how the Satan plays with a person. He said, 'O my son! Don’t inform anyone in your brothers

about your dream. They will be jealous to you and will become your enemy.


Don’t informال تخبر An old manشيخا He became happyفرح

They become / willيحسدونك He knowsيـعرف Good newsبشارة

become jealous to you

عم They become / willيكونون طبيعة Nature, plural ofطبائع He blessed uponأنـ

become

He dominates / willيغلب Your grandfatherجدك

dominateEnemyعدوا

He plays / will playيـلعب He blesses or will blessيـنعم

Rule of the Day

In Arabic, if you have to praise a person or a thing, you use the word .نعم It gives the meaning of 'What a

nice!!!' e.g. المولى نعم (What a nice master). On the contrary, if you have to express your disparagement

about a person or a thing, you use the word .بئس It gives the meaning of 'What a bad!!!' e.g. المصير بئس (What a bad place to live!!!!). For feminine nouns, words نعمت and بئست are used.




Throw himألقوه It intensifiedأشتدTwo little صغيران

Wellبئر They gatheredاجتمع Two weak personsضعيفان

Wayطريق Throw (!O you all)اطرحوا?Whyلماذا

TravelersالمسافرينFar, remote, distantبعيدة Young, youthشباب

They agreedوافق Then, at that timeحينئذPowerful, healthyأقوياء

Pureخالص He told the storyحكى

وكان .أحدا مثلها يحب ال وكان ، شديدا حبا يحبهما يـعقوب وكان .بنيامين اسمه أمه من آخر أخ له يـوسف وكان أبونا يحب ولماذا أكثر؟ وبنيامين يوسف أبونا يحب لماذا' :يـقولون كانوا ويغضبون وبنيامين يوسف يحسدون اإلخوة '!عجيب أمر هذا أقوياء، شباب نحن بنيامين و يوسف مثل يحبنا ال لماذا .ضعيفان صغيران وهما بنيامين و يوسف

Joseph had another brother from his mother, his name was Binyamin. Jacob used to love both of them

intensely. He did not use to love anyone like that. The brothers used to be jealous with Joseph and

Binyamin. They used to be angry and used to say: 'Why our father love Joseph and Binyamin more? Why

our father love Joseph and Binyamin while both of them are little and weak. Why does he not love us like

Joseph and Binyamin. We are grown up and powerful. It is a strange matter.'

ا االخوة وغضب الخوته الرؤيا فحكى صغيرا، ولدا يوسف وكان ا جد الرؤيا سمعوا لم االخوة واجتمع .حسدهم وأشتد تلوا' وقالوا يـوما قال '.خالصا لكم حبه ويكون خالصا، لكم أبوكم يكون حينئذ .بعيدة أرضا اطرحوا أو يوسف اقـ

.االخوة جميع عليه ووافق '.المسافرين بعض يأخذه طريق في بئر في ألقوه بل ال' :أحدهمJoseph was a little child. He described the dream to his brothers. When they listened the dream, they

became much angry and their jealousy increased. One day, the brothers gathered and said, 'Kill Joseph or

throw him in a remote land. Then your father will be only for you. His love will be pure for you.' One of

them said, 'No, throw him in a well on the way. Some travelers will take him.' All brothers agreed upon it.

Rule of the Day

A مركب عطفي is composed of three words: حرف عطف، معطوف، معطوف إليه. The معطوف is the word

coming after the حرف عطف while معطوف إليه is the word coming before the حرف عطف. Both ،معطوفمعطوف إليه have the same case )رفع، نصب، جر(



يحسدونه االخوة أن يعرف وكان كثيرا، يوسف على يخاف يعقوب وكان .يـعقوب إلى جاؤوا الرأي هذا على اتـفقوا ولما اإلخوة وكان بعيدا، يذهب وال أخيه مع يـلعب يوسف وكان .اإلخوة مع يوسف يـرسل ال يـعقوب وكان .يحبونه وال

.الشر على عزموا ولكنهم ذلك، يـعرفون When they agreed on this opinion, they went to Jacob. Jacob used to fear about Joseph a lot. He used to

know that the brothers are envious of him and they don’t like him. Jacob did not use to send Joseph with

the brothers. Joseph used to play with his brother (Binyamin) and did not use to go away. The brothers

used to know that but they determined to do evil.

دائما واالخوة .أب أبناء ونحن الصغير، وأخونا العزيز، أخونا هو !تخاف ماذا يوسف؟ معنا ترسل ال لماذا أبانا يا' قالوا يـعقوب وكان '.لحافظون له وإنا يـلعب و يـرتع غدا معنا أرسله جميعا؟ ونـلعب نحن نذهب ال فلماذا جميعا، يلعبون.حليما عاقال يعقوب وكان كبيرا، شيخا

They said, 'O our father! Why you do not send Joseph with us? Why do you fear? He is our beloved

brother. He is our little brother. We are the sons of the same father. Brother always play with each other

collectively. Why we do not go and play together? Send him with us tomorrow. He will enjoy and play

and we will protect him.' Jacob was a great old man. He was very intelligent and patient.


Alwaysدائما They knowيـعرفون They agreedاتـفقوا

We go / shall goنذهب They determinedعزمواOpinionالرأي

We play / shall playنـلعبYou sendترسلThey wentجاؤوا

Send himأرسلهWhatما ذاHe fears / will fearيخاف

Tomorrowغدا You fearتخافHe sends / will sendيـرسل

He enjoysيرتعDear, valuableالعزيز He plays / will playيـلعب

Protectorsحافظونابن Sons, plural ofأبناءHe goes / will goيذهب

Face the Challenge!

Prepare a summary of the rules

studied in the Modules AG01 and

AG02.



عد أن يحب ال يعقوب وكان '.غافلون عنه وأنتم الذئب يأكله أن أخاف' .كثيرا يوسف على يخاف وكان .يوسف منه يـبـ.ليوسف يـعقوب وأذن 'أقوياء؟ شبان ونحن يأكله، وكيف حاضرون؟ نحن و الذئب يأكله كيف أبدا ' :قالوا

Jacob did not liked to send Joseph away from him. He feared a lot about Joseph. (He said:) 'I fear that a

wolf may eat him while you will be negligent.' They said, 'Never, how can a wolf eat him while we are

actively monitoring? How can it eat him and we are powerful young men.' Jacob allowed (them) for

(taking) Joseph.

ر، يوسف يرحموا ولم الغابة في بئر في يوسف وألقوا غابة إلى وذهبوا .ليوسف يعقوب أذن لما كثيرا االخوة وفرح الصغيـر الشيخ يـعقوب يـرحموا ولم مظلمة البئر وكانت عميقة، البئر وكانت .صغيرا قلبه وكان صغيرا، ولدا يوسف وكان .الكبيـ

سيحضر .شأن لك وسيكون معك، اهللا إن .تخف وال تحزن ال' : له وقال يوسف بشر اهللا ولكن .وحيدا يوسف وكان '.فـعلوه بما وتخبرهم اإلخوة إليك

The brothers were happy a lot because Jacob had allowed for (taking) Joseph. They went to a forest and

threw Joseph in a well at the forest. They did not have mercy upon on the little Joseph. They did not have

mercy upon the great old man Jacob. Joseph was a little child. His heart was small. The well was deep.

They well was dark and Joseph was alone. But Allah provided good news to Joseph and said to him:

'Don’t be grieved and don’t fear. Allah is with you. Soon your condition will change. Soon your brothers

will come to you and you will tell them about what they did.'


عد Darkمظلمة Presentحاضرون To go awayأن يـبـ

Aloneوحيدا Young menشبان I fearأخاف

He provided good newsبشر He allowedأذن To eat himأن يأكله

Don’t be grievedال تحزن ForestغابةWolfالذئب

They did not beلم يرحمواNegligent peopleغافلون

mercifulDon’t fearال تخف

Soon he will appearسيحضر DeepعميقةPermanentlyأبدا



أخاف يقول أبونا كان' :بعضهم قال 'ألبينا؟ نـقول ماذا' :وقالوا اجتمعوا البئر في يوسف وألقوا شأنهم من فـرغوا ولما'.الذئب أكله له نـقول نـعم' قالوا و ذلك، على االخوة وافق '.الذئب أكله قد أبانا يا صدقت فـنـقوله الذئب يأكله أن

When they became free from their matter and threw Joseph in the well, they gathered and said, 'What

should we say to our father?' Some of them said, 'Our father was saying that he fears that a wolf may eat

him. So we shall say that, O father! What you told became truth. Wolf has eaten him.' The brothers agreed

upon it. They said, 'Yes, We shall say about him that the wolf has eaten him.'

يوسف قميص وأخذوا .وذبحوه كبشا االخوة وأخذ '.الدم ذلك آية ' :قالوا 'ذلك؟ آية ما ولكن ' :اإلخوان بعض قال وتـركنا نستبق ذهبنا إنا أبانا يا' قالوا .يـبكون عشاء أباهم وجاءوا '.أبونا يصدق اآلن' وقالوا جدا االخوة وفرح .وصبـغوه '!يوسف دم هذا' وقالوا .كذب بدم قميصه على وجاءوا '.الذئب فأكله متاعنا عند يوسف

Some brothers said, 'But what is the evidence for that.' They said, 'The evidence of that is blood.' The

brothers caught a ram and slaughtered it. They took the shirt of Joseph and dyed it (with blood). Now the

brothers were very happy. They said, 'Now our father will believe in us.' They went to their father and

night while they were weeping. They said, 'O our father! We went for a race and left Joseph near our

luggage, the wolf has eaten him.'

جرحه إنسانا أكل إذا الذئب أن يعرف يـعقوب وكان .أوالده من أعقل وكان .كبيرا شيخا وكان نبيا، يعقوب هم أبو وكان قصة الذئب قصة وأن كذب دم أنه يعقوب فـعرف الدم في مصبوغا وكان .سالما يوسف قميص وكان . قميصه وشق

.موضوعةTheir father Jacob was a prophet and a great old man. He was wiser than his children. He used to know

that when a wolf eats a person, he tears him (his body) and tears his shirt. The shirt of Joseph was not

damaged. It was dyed in blood. So Jacob knew that the blood is false and the story of wolf is a fake story.


He wounded himجرحه We wentذهبناYou will inform themتخبرهم

He toreشقWe raced نستبق They became freeفـرغوا

UndamagedسالماWe leftتـركناYou told the truthصدقت

Dyedمصبوغا Our belongingsمتاعناRam, male sheepكبشا

FakeموضوعةWiser or the wisestأعقلThey dyed itصبـغوه

BloodالدمSign, evidenceآيةThey weepتـبكون



ر .وضعتموها قصة هذه بل :ألوالده فقال را صبـر ولكنه شديدا حزنا يوسف على يـعقوب وحزن '.جميل فصبـ صبـ البئر، في ويوسف .الفراش على وناموا ، الطعام االخوة وأكل البئر في يوسف وتـركوا البيت، إلى االخوة ورجع .جميال

.أحدا نسي وما يوسف، نام وما .وناموا يوسف، اإلخوان ونسي .طعام وال فراش والHe said to his children, 'Nay, this is a story that you have invented. So patience is an excellent way (will

be my response.' Jacob grieved about Joseph intensely but he tolerated it with an excellent patience. The

brothers returned to the home and left Joseph in the well. The brothers eat the meal and slept on the bed

while Joseph was in the well. There was no bed or food (there). The brothers forgot Joseph and slept.

Joseph did not sleep and he did not forget anyone.

في البئر وكانت .عميقة البئر وكانت البئر، في يوسف وكان .يعقوب يذكر يوسف وبقي ، يوسف يذكر يعقوب وبقي .مظلم الليل وكان الليل، في ذلك وكان .موحشة الغابة وكانت الغابة،

Jacob remained remembering Joseph and Joseph remained remembering Jacob. Joseph was in the well

and well was deep. The well was in the forest and the forest was lonely. It was the night time and the night

was dark.

لهم ليأتي رجال إليها فأرسلوا بئرا، ورأوا .بئر عن وبحثوا الطريق، في وعطشوا .الغابة هذه في تسافر جماعة وكانتلو ونـزع . دلوه وأدلى ، البئر إلى الرجل جاء .بالماء الرجل دهش !غالم الدلو في فإذا وأخرجها !ثقيلة الدلو فإذا ، الد '!!!غالم هذا بشرى يا' . ونادى

A group of people was traveling in that forest. They felt thirst in their way and searched a well. They saw

a well and sent a man to fetch water for them. The man came to the well and hanged his bucket. He pulled

the bucket but the bucket was heavy. He brought it out but a boy was with the bucket. The man amazed

and called, 'What a good news! This boy!!!!'


The searchedبحثواHe forgotنسي You invented itوضعتموها

They sawرأواHe sleptنام He became grievedحزن

To bringليأتيLonelyموحشة Griefحزنا

He hanged bucketأدلىGroup of peopleجماعة They leftتـركوا

He pulledنـزع They traveledتسافر They sleptناموا

لو They became thirstyعطشواBedالفراش الدBucket



الغالم؟ هذا يشتري من الغالم؟ هذا يشتري من : ونادوا السوق في وقاموا مصر، إلى ووصلوا .وأخفوه جدا الناس وفرح أكرمي ' :إلمرأته وقال قصره، إلى العزيز به وذهب .يوسف عرفوا وما التجار وباعه . معدودة بدراهم يوسف العزيز اشتـرى'.رشيد ولد إنه يوسف،

People became very happy and concealed it. They reached at Egypt. They stood at the (slave) market and

called, 'Who will buy this boy? Who will buy this boy?' The A’ziz (Prime Minister of Egypt) bought

Joseph for a few silver coins. The traders sold him. They did not know Joseph. The A’ziz took him to his

palace. He said to his wife, 'Treat Joseph with respect. He is a decent boy.'

.وأكرمني إلي أحسن انه سيدي، أخون ال أنا ! كال ' :وقال أبى، يوسف ولكن .الخيانة على يوسف العزيز امرأة وراودت فقال .أمين يوسف أن وعرف .كاذبة المرأة أن العزيز وعرف .زوجها إلى وشكت العزيز امرأة وغضبت '.اهللا أخاف إني

'.الخاطئين من كنت إنك ' :لزوجه The wife of A’ziz seduced Joseph for disloyalty (with her husband) but Joseph refused. He said, 'Never! I

will not by disloyal to my master. Surely he did good with me and gave me respect. I fear Allah.' The wife

of A’ziz became angry and complained her husband. A’ziz knew that the woman is a liar. He knew that the

Joseph is an honest person. He said to his wife, 'Surely you are the one from those who commit mistake.'


I shall not be disloyalال أخون He sold himباعه Heavyثقيلة

My masterسيدي!Treat with respectأكرمي !What a good newsيا بشرى

He respected meأكرمنيDecentرشيد They concealed himأخفوه

She became angryغضبت She seducedراودت They calledنادوا

She complainedشكتWoman, wifeامرأة He buysيشتري

A liar womanكاذبةDisloyalty, dishonestyالخيانة He boughtاشتـرى

The Prime Minister ofالعزيز

EgyptHonestأمين He refusedأبى

Those who commitالخاطئين !NeverكالA few معدودة

mistake



وقالت المرأة غضب وأشتد '. كريم ملك إال هذا إن بشرا، هذا ما' :قال أحد رآه وإذا بجماله، مصر في يوسف وعرف .السجن إلى يوسف يـرسل أن العزيز رأى أيام وبعد '.إلي أحب السجن ' يوسف قال '!السجن إلى تذهب إذن ' :ليوسف

.السجن يـوسف ودخل .بريء يوسف أن يعرف العزيز وكانJoseph became well-known in Egypt for his handsome personality. Whenever anyone say him, he said,

'This is not a man, definitely he is only a respected angel.' Anger of the woman intensified. She said to

Joseph, 'Then you will go to the jail.' Joseph said, 'The jail is more liked for me.' After some days, the

A’ziz opined to send Joseph to the jail although he knew that Joseph is innocent. Joseph entered into the

jail.

.رحيم قلب صدره في يوسف وأن .عظيم علم عنده يوسف وأن .كريم شاب يوسف أن جميعا السجن أهل وعرف .وعظموه بيوسف الناس وفرح .وأكرموه يوسف السجن أهل وأحب

All people of jail knew that Joseph was a respected young man and that Joseph had a great knowledge and

he has a merciful heart in his chest. People of jail liked Joseph and respected him. People became happy

due to Joseph and gave him a great respect.

فوق أحمل أراني إني' اآلخر وقال '.خمرا أعصر أراني إني' أحدهما وقال رؤياهما عليه وقصا رجالن السجن معه ودخل ر تأكل خبـزا رأسي .األنبياء من نبيا يوسف وكان .الرؤيا بتأويل عالما يـوسف وكان .التأويل عن يوسف وسأال '.منه الطيـرة أربابا ووضعوا .اهللا غير يعبدون زمانه في الناس وكان .أنفسهم عند من كثيـ

Two persons entered into the jail with him and both of them described their dreams. One of them said, 'I

have dreamt that I prepare wine.' Other said, 'I have dreamt that I am carrying bread over my head and

birds are eating out of it.' They asked Joseph to interpret. Joseph was a great scholar for interpretation of

dreams. Joseph was one of prophets. People of his time used to worship (gods) other than Allah. They had

made a lot of gods from their own.


BreadخبـزاThey respected himأكرموه He was knownعرف

ر They respected himعظموه Angelملك Birdsالطيـ

ExplanationالتأويلBoth of them told storyقصاAnger, rageغضب

His timeزمانه I make juiceأعصرYou go / will goتذهب

They madeوضعواWineخمراInnocent, clearبريء

رب Gods, plural ofأربابا I carryأحمل Young manشاب



، رب هذا' وقالوا وهذا البـر وهذا البحر، رب وهذا الرزق، رب يـرى يوسف وكان '.المطر رب وكان .ويضحك ذلك كل أال .السجن في ذلك يكون أن اهللا أراد وقد .اهللا إلى يدعوهم أن يريد يوسف وكان .ويبكي ذلك كل يـعلم يوسف بني السجن أهل أليس اهللا؟ عباد السجن أهل أليس ؟ الرحمة السجن أهل يستحق أال الموعظة؟ السجن أهل يستحق

؟ آدم They used to say, 'This is the god of land, this is the god of sea, this is the god of sustenance and this is the

god of rain.' Joseph used to see all that and laugh. Joseph used to know all that and weep. Joseph intended

to call them towards Allah. Allah decided to make that in the jail. Do people of jail not deserve an

incitement for good? Do people of jail not deserve mercy? Are people of jail not Allah’s salves? Are

people of jail not sons of Adam?

في بالحق يجهرون األنبياء إن .سخيا جوادا كان ولكنه فقيرا يوسف كان .جريئا حرا كان ولكنه السجن في يوسف كان وإن .إلي الرجلين ساقت الحاجة إن ' :نفسه في يوسف قال .زمان كل في بالخير يجودون األنبياء إن .مكان كل

السجن أهل وسمع '.لسمعا شيئا لهما قلت فلو .ويسمع يطيع الحاجة صاحب وإن . ويخضع يلين الحاجة صاحب يستعجل لم يوسف ولكن.

Although Joseph was at jail but he was a free and brave man. Although Joseph had no wealth but he was

very generous and open-handed. Definitely the prophets speak loudly about the truth at each place.

Definitely the prophets improve (the conditions) of their time with generosity. Joseph said in his heart,

'Surely, need has brought these two persons to me. Surely a needy person becomes soft and surrenders

himself. Surely a needy person listens and obeys. If I said something to both of them, they will definitely

listen.' People of Jail listened but Joseph did not hurry.


البـرLandفقيراAn unwealthy person ساقتIt drives

He becomes softيلين GenerousجواداRainالمطر

He surrendersيخضع OpenhandedسخياHe laughsيضحك

He obeysيطيع They speak loudlyيجهرون He weepsيبكي

يستحقHe deserves يجودونThey improveسمعاBoth of them listened

Incitement of doingالموعظة

goodHe hurriesيستعجل Period, timeزمان

Needالحاجة Free and braveحرا جريئا



بتأويل عالم أنا : يوسف لهما قال ثم واطمأنا فجلسا '.طعامكما يأتيكما أن قبل الرؤيا بتأويل أخبركما أنا' :لهما قال بل .موعظته فبدأ الفرصة يوسف وجد وهنا .واطمأنا ففرحا ربي علمني مما ذلكما الرؤيا،

But he said to both of them, 'I shall tell both of you the interpretation of your dream before your food will

be brought to both of you.' So they sat in a satisfied manner. Then Joseph said to both of them, 'I know the

interpretation of the dream. That is from what my Lord has taught me, so they became happy and

satisfied. Now Joseph found a free time so he started his sermon.

' علمه يؤتي ال اهللا ولكن مني لماذا تعرفان هل .المشرك علمه يؤتي ال اهللا إن .أحد كلأهل طريق تـركت ألني ربي؟ عل راهيم آبائي ملة وأتـبـعت .الشرك وحيد وهذا' :يوسف قال '.شيء من باهللا نشرك أن لنا كان ما .ويعقوب وإسحاق إبـ التـ

نا الله فضل من ذلك .جميعا للناس هو بل .فـقط لنا ليس '.يشكرون ال الناس أكثـر ولكن الناس وعلى عليـ'But Allah does not give His knowledge to everyone. Surely Allah does not give His knowledge to a

polytheist. Do you know why my Lord has taught me? Because I have left the way of polytheists. I follow

the religion of my forefathers Abraham, Isaac and Jacob. We having nothing to associate anything with

Allah.' Joseph added, 'This Monotheism is only for us, but it is for all human beings. This is Allah’s

blessing on us and on all human beings but majority of people do not thank (Allah).'

أأرباب .العالمين رب نـقول ونحن .المطر ورب الرزق ورب البحر ورب البر رب تـقولون ' . وسألهما يوسف وقف وهنار متـفرقون '؟القهار الواحد الله أم خيـ

Here Joseph took a break and asked both of them, 'You say that it is the god of land, or the god of sea, or

the god of sustenance or the god of rain. We say that the God of all worlds. Are miscellaneous gods better

or One Allah, the Dominant is better?'


You sayتـقولون He does not giveال يؤتيI inform both of youأخبركما

We sayنـقول Both of you knowتعرفان To bringأن يأتي

Miscellaneousمتـفرقون To associateأن نشرك Both of them satisfiedاطمأنا

Overwhelmingالقهار I followedأتـبـعت Free timeالفرصة

Onlyفـقط He startedبدأ

He took a breakوقفHe taught meعلمني



إلى انظروا .السماوات في شرك لهم أم األرض من خلقوا ماذا أروني المطر؟ ورب الرزق ورب البحر ورب البـر رب أين البحر ورب البر رب وكيف .دونه من الذين خلق ماذا فأروني اهللا خلق هذا .اإلنسان إلى وانظروا السماء وإلى األرض

يتموها اسماء المطر؟ ورب الرزق ورب تم سم إياه، إال تـعبدوا أال هللا األمر هللا، األرض هللا، والملك هللا، الحكم .وآباؤكم أنـين ذلك م الدالقي. اس أكثـر ولكنيـعلمون ال الن.

'Where is the god of land, the god of sea, the god of sustenance and the god rain? Show me what they

have created in the earth or have they any share in the heavens? Look at the earth, at the heavens and at

look at the man. This is creation of Allah, so show me what (gods) other than Him have created.'

فـتأكل فـيصلب اآلخر وأما خمرا ربه فـيسقي أحدكما أما' :قال الرؤيا، بتأويل أخبـرهما موعظته من يوسف فـرغ ولمار ونسي .اآلخر وصلب للملك ساقيا األول فكان الرجالن، وخرج '.ربك عند اذكرني' لألول وقال '.رأسه من الطيـ

.سنين السجن في يوسف وأقام .الملك عند يوسف يذكر أن الساقيWhen Joseph became free from his sermon, he told both of them about the interpretation of the dream. He

said, 'Regarding one of you, so he will offer drinks to his lord, and regarding the other, he will be crucified

and birds will eat from his head.' He said to the first one, 'Discuss me with your lord.' Both men went out.

First one became responsible for drinks for the king while the other was crucified. The drinks manager

forgot to talk about Joseph with the king. Joseph stayed for years in the jail.


Discuss meاذكرنيKingdomالملك Show meأروني

Responsible for drinksساقياYou worshipتـعبدواLook atانظروا

He was crucifiedصلب He offers drinksيسقيPolytheismشرك

يتموا سمYou have given names يصلبHe will be crucified أقامHe stayed

سنة Years, plural ofسنينYou eatتأكل Orderالحكم



الملك ورأى .عجاف بقرات سبع البـقرات هذه ويأكل .سمان بـقرات سبع المنام في رأى .عجيبة رؤيا مصر ملك ورأى.التأويل عن جلساءه وسأل العجيبة الرؤيا هذه من الملك تـعجب .يابسات سنبالت وسبع خضر سنبالت سبع

The king of Egypt saw an amazing dream. He saw seven fat cows while sleeping. Seven thin cows were

eating these (fat) cows. The king saw seven green and seven dried fruiting spikes. The king wondered

about this amazing dream and asked his companions about the interpretation.

'.الرؤيا هذه بتأويل أخبركم بل ال،' :الساقي قال ولكن '.لها حقيقة ال كثيرة أشياء يـرى النائم بشيء، ليس هذا' : قالوا فأخبـره اهللا خلق على مشفقا كريما جوادا يوسف كان .الملك رؤيا تأويل عن يوسف وسأل السجن إلى الساقي وذهب .التدبير على دل و بالتأويل يوسف فأخبر .البخل يـعرف ال كريما جوادا يوسف وكان.بالتأويل

They said, 'This is nothing. A sleeping person sees a lot of things which has no reality.' But the Drinks

Manager said, 'No, I will tell you the interpretation of this dream. The Drinks Manager went to the jail and

asked Joseph about the interpretation of the dream of the king. Joseph was very generous, open-handed

and benevolent for Allah’s creatures, therefore, he informed about the interpretation. Joseph was very

generous and open handed. He did not know misery. So Joseph informed about the interpretation and also

indicated about the planning (to resolve the issue indicated in the dream.)


I inform youأخبركم A fruiting spikeسنبـلةبقرة Cows, plural ofبـقرات

KindمشفقاDried upيابسات Fatسمان

Miseryالبخل He amazedتـعجب Lean, thinعجاف

He indicatedدلHis companions جلساءه Fruiting spikesسنبالت

PlanningالتدبيرPerson who sleepsالنائم Greenخضر

Do you know?

Due to its systematic nature, Arabic is the easiest-to-learn

language in the world for its non-native people.

Worth Reading

What is Jealousy and what is its impact on human personality? Read

more: http://www.mubashirnazir.org/PD/English/PE02-0012-

Jealousy.htm



ما فيه تأكلون عام قحط ذلك بعد ويكون .تأكلون مما قليال إال سنبله في حصدتم ما واتـركوا سنين، سبع تـزرعون ' قالتم وأخبر الساقي وذهب .الناس ويخصب النصر يأتي ذلك وبـعد . سنين سبع إلى القحط هذا يطول و .قليال إال خزنـ.رؤياه بتأويل الملك

He said, 'You will grow crops for seven years. Leave whatever you harvest in its fruiting spike except a

small quantity that you eat. After that, there will be a general lack of rain. You will eat in that what you

have stored except a small quantity. This rainlessness will prolong for seven years. After that (Allah’s)

help will come and people will prosper.' The Drinks Manager went and informed the king about the

interpretation of his dream.

ر التأويل هذا الملك سمع ولما الرجل هذا من' :الملك وقال 'التأويل؟ هذا صاحب من ' :وقال جدا، فرح والتدبيـ ساقيا سأكون أني أخبـر الذي وهو الصديق يوسف هذا' :الساقي قال 'التدبير؟ على دل و لنا نصح الذي الكريم '.لنـفسي أستخلصه به ائـتوني' الملك، وقال يوسف إلى وأرسل يوسف، لقاء إلى الملك واشتاق '.الملك لسيدي

When the king heard this interpretation and planning, he became very happy. He said, 'Who is the

interpreter of this interpretation?' Then the king said, 'Who is this noble man who has advised us and also

indicated the solution?' The Drinks Manager said, 'This is Joseph, the truthful, he already informed that I

shall become the Drinks Manager for my master, the king.' The king desired to meet Joseph. He sent (a

messenger) to Joseph and said, 'Bring him to me, I will give him a special position with me.'

هذا الناس ويـقول .هكذا السجن من يخرج أن يوسف رضي ما !يدعوك الملك إن له وقال يوسف إلى الرسول جاء ولمار كان يوسف إن .العزيز خان ،إنه السجن في أمس كان هذا !يوسف ر كان يوسف إن أب◌يا، النـفس كبيـ .ذكيا العقل كبيـ

When the messenger went to Joseph and told him that the king is calling you. Joseph did not agree to

come out of the jail. People were saying, 'This is Joseph. Yesterday he was put into jail. Surely the A’ziz

did wrongfully.' Joseph was a great person. Surely he was a great intelligent man.


يق It will prolongيطولYou grow cropsتـزرعون دالصThe truthful

He desiredاشتاقIt will come يأتيLeave itاتـركوا

Bring him to meائـتونيHelpالنصر You harvestحصدتم

I shall specialize himأستخلصه He enrichesيخصب You eatتأكلون

He pleasedرضيVery, too muchجداGeneral lack of rainقحط عام

تم He did corruptionخانHe advisedنصح You storedخزنـ



.يسرع لم يوسف ولكن .وخرج السجن باب إلى الرجل هذا ألسرع '.وينتظرك يدعوك الملك إن ' الملك رسول له وقال عن الملك وسأل '.قضيتي عن البحث أريد أنا التفتيش أريد أنا' :الملك لرسول قال بل .يستعجل لم يوسف ولكن

.الملك وأكرمه بريئا يوسف وخرج .بريء يوسف أن الناس وعلم الملك وعلم يوسف The messenger of the king told him, 'The king is calling you and waiting for you.' His objective was that

this man will walk quickly to the door of the jail and will go out.' But Joseph did not move quickly. He did

not hurry. But he said to the messenger of the king, 'I want to investigate. I need an enquiry for my matter.'

The king enquired about Joseph. He knew as well as all people knew that Joseph was innocent. Joseph

came out clean-handed and the king gave him respect.

الناس أن يـرى يوسف وكان .الناس في كثيرة الخيانة أن يعلم يوسف وكان .الناس في قليلة األمانة أن يعلم يوسف وكانرة خزائن األرض في أن يرى وكان .اهللا أموال في يخونون اهللا يخافون ال األمراء ألن ضائعة إنها .ضائعة لكنـها و كثيـ

.فيهاJoseph used to know that people have less honesty. He used to know that corruption is widespread in the

people. He used to see that people misappropriate the treasures of Allah. He used to see that there are

great treasures in the earth but they were wasted. Surely they were wasted because the leaders do not fear

Allah in this matter.

إال األرض بخزائن الناس ينفع وال .يلبسون ما الناس يجد وال بـيوتـهم وتلبس .يأكلون ما الناس يجد وال كالبـهم فـتأكل .بها ينتـفع وكيف األرض خزائن أين يعلم ال عليما كان وما حفيظا كان ومن . عليما حفيظا كان من

Their dogs eat but people do not find anything to eat. Their homes are covered with (precious) cloth but

people do not find any dress. Nobody will give benefit of earth’s treasures to people except the one who is

a caretaker and a knowledgeable person. The one who was careful and knowledgeable did not know

where are the treasures of the earth and how to get benefit of it.


Dogs, plural ofكالب Corruptionالخيانة He waits youينتظرك كلب

He does not findال يجد They misappropriateيخونون He hurriesأسرع

They wearيلبسون Wealthأموال He did not hurryلم يسرع

Treasures, plural ofخزائن Investigationالتفتيش He gives benefitينفع خزانة

He gets benefitينتفع Wastedضائعة My matterقضيتي

Protector, caretakerحفيظاThey fearيخافونHonestyاألمانة



األمراء يترك أن يريد ال يوسف وكان .عليما حفيظا يوسف وكان .فيها ويخون منها يأكل حفيظا كان وما عليما كان ومن فـقال . الحق من يستحيي ال يوسف وكان .ويموتون يجوعون الناس يـرى أن يـقدر ال يوسف وكان .الناس أموال يأكلون جدا الناس واستـراح .مصر لخزائن أمينا يوسف كان وهكذا '.عليم حفيظ إني األرض خزائن على اجعلني' .للملك

. رحيما رجال مصر في أن يعقوب وسمع الشام أهل وسمع .يوسف أخبـر كما مجاعة والشام مصر في وكان .اهللا وحمدوا.األرض خزائن على وهو ، كريما جوادا مصر في وأن

People who know and who are caretaker of them, eat from it and misappropriate it. Joseph was a careful

and knowledgeable person. Joseph did not want to leave these people to eat public money. Joseph was not

able to see that people are hungry and dying (with hunger). Joseph did not use to hesitate for truth. He said

to the king, 'Make me responsible for the treasures of earth. I am a careful and knowledgeable person.' So

Joseph became responsible for the treasury of Egypt. People felt relaxed a lot and thanked to God. In

Egypt and Syria, there was a famine as Joseph informed. People of Syria heard and Jacob also heard that

there is a kind person at Egypt. In Egypt, the administrator of earth’s treasures is a generous and respected

person.

والده عند بنيامين وبقي .بالطعام ليأتوا بالمال مصر إلى أبناءه يعقوب وأرسل الطعام ويأخذون إليه يذهبون الناس وكان إخوة وتـوجه .يوسف على يخاف كان كما عليه يخاف يعقوب وكان عنه يبعد أن يريد كان وما جدا يحبه كان يعقوب ألن

قد أنه يظنون وهم .البئر في كان الذي يوسف أنه يعرفون ال وهم .يوسف أخوهم أنه يعرفون ال وهم يوسف إلى يوسف .موحشة الغابة وكانت الغابة في البئر وكانت .عميقة البئر وكانت البئر في كان .البئر في كان وقد يموت ال وكيف .مات .مظلما الليل وكان ، الليل في ذلك وكان

People used to go to him and bring food. Jacob also sent his sons to Egypt with wealth to bring food.

Binyamin left with his father because Jacob used to love him a lot and he did not want to send him away.

Jacob was fearful about him as he used to fear about Joseph. The brothers of Joseph directed towards

Joseph. They did not know that it is their brother Joseph. They did not know because (in their opinion)

Joseph was in the well. They thought that he had died. How did he not die while he was in the well. He

was in the well and the well was deep. The well was in the forest and the forest was lonely. It was at night

time and the night was dark.


To bringليأتواHe hesitatesيستحييHe does not intendال يريد

They directedتـوجه He relaxedاستـراح He is not able toال يـقدر

They don’t knowال يعرفون Famine, lack of rainمجاعة They felt hungerيجوعون

They thinkيظنون They takeيأخذون They diedيموتون



بل يوسف أنكرهم ما ولكن يعرفونه، ال ليوسف منكرين كانوا .منكرون له وهم فـعرفـهم عليه فدخلوا يوسف إخوة وجاء له يريدون كانوا الذين هم هؤالء وأن .البئر في ألقوه الذين هم هؤالء أن يوسف عرف . عرفـهم .حفظه اهللا ولكن قـتـ من ' :قال '!كنعان من' :قالوا 'أنتم؟ أين من' : لهم وقال يوسف وكلمهم .يـفضحهم ولم شيئا لهم يـقل لم يوسف ولكن

'أبوكم؟The brothers of Joseph came and entered into his (court). He knew him while they were ignorant. They

were ignorant about Joseph and did not know hi but Joseph did not forget them, he knew them. Joseph

knew that these are the ones who threw him in the well. These are the ones who wanted to kill him but

Allah protected him. But Joseph did not say anything to them and did not expose to them. Joseph talked to

them and said, 'From where you are coming?' They said, 'From Canaan.' He said, 'Who is your father?'

اسمه أخ لنا نـعم،' :قالوا 'آخر؟ أخ لكم هل' : قال ')والسالم الصلوات عليهم( إبراهيم بن إسحاق بن يعقوب ' :قالواركه ال والدنا ألن ' :قالوا 'معكم؟ جاء ما لماذا :قال '!بنيامين هل يتركه ال شيء ألي ' :قال '.عنه يبعد أن يحب وال يـتـ

ر ولد هو متاعنا عند يوسف وتـركنا نستبق وذهبـنا مرة، معنا ذهب يوسف، اسمه أخ له كان ولكن ال' : قالوا 'جدا؟ صغيـ '.الذئب فأكله

They said, 'Jacob the son of Isaac the son of Abraham (Peace and blessings be upon all of them).' He said,

'Do you have any other brother?' They said, 'Yes, we have another brother, his name is Binyamin.' He said,

'Why did he not come with you?' They said, 'Because our father does not leave him and does not like to

send him away from him.' He said, 'For what he does not leave him? Is he a very little child?' They said,

'No, but we had another brother named Joseph. Once he went with us. We went for a race and left Joseph

near our luggage. The wolf ate him.'

.ثانية مرة يعقوب يمتحن أن اهللا وأراد .بنيامين أخيه إلى يوسف واشتاق شيئا يـقل لم ولكن نفسه في يوسف وضحك بمالهم يوسف وأمر '.به تأتوا لم إذا طعاما تجدون وال .أبيكم من لكم بأخ ائـتوني' :لهم وقال .بالطعام يوسف لهم فأمر

.متاعهم في فـوضع Joseph laughed in himself but did not say anything. Joseph desired to meet his brother Binyamin. Allah

wanted to test Jacob second time. Joseph ordered to give food to them. He said to them, 'Bring you brother

from your father. You will not find any food if you will not bring him.' Joseph instructed (his staff) to put

their price in their luggage.


He testedيمتحن He did not sayلم يـقل Deniers, uninformedمنكرون

You findتجدون He did not discloseيـفضح He was not newslessأنكر

You did not bringلم تأتواOtherآخر They intendيريدون

He placed, he madeوضع Timesمرة He protectedحفظ



بنيامين يعقوب من وطلبوا '.العزيز عند خيرا نجد ال وإال أخانا، معنا أرسل ' :له وقالوا بالخبر وأخبروه أبيهم إلى ورجعوا أ يوسف؟ قصة نسيتم هل .قـبل من أخيه على أمنتكم كما إال عليه آمنكم هل ' :يعقوب قال '.لحافظون له إنا' :وقالوا

ر فالله .يوسف حفظتم كما بنيامين تحفظون '.الراحمين أرحم وهو حافظا خيـThey returned to their father and gave him the information and said to him, 'Send our brother with us

otherwise we will not find any good with A’ziz (Joseph).' They demanded Binyamin from Jacob and said,

'We will protect him.' Jacob said, 'Will you protect him like you protected his brother before? Have you

forgot the story of Joseph? Will you protect Binyamin like you protected Joseph? Allah is the Best

Protector. He is the most Merciful in all those who have mercy.'

نأخذ بنيامين معنا أرسل .ثمنا منا يأخذ ولم مالنا رد قد ، كريم رجل العزيز إن ' :ألبيهم فقالوا متاعهم في مالهم ووجدوا اهللا وعاهدوا .أمركم على تغلبوا أن إال به ترجعون أنكم اهللا تـعاهدوا حتى معكم أرسله لن ' :يعقوب لهم قال '.أيضا حقه واب من وادخلوا واحد باب من تدخلوا ال بني يا' :لبنيه يعقوب وقاله '.وكيل نـقول ما على اهللا ' :يـعقوب وقال أبـ

'.متـفرقة They found their price in their luggage. They said to their father. 'The A’ziz is a generous man. He has

returned our wealth and not taken the price. Send Binyamin with us. We shall take his right too.' Jacob

said to them, 'I will definitely not send him with you unless you promise with Allah that you will take him

back except that you are dominated in your matter.' They promised Allah and Jacob said, 'Allah is the

Guardian over what you say.' Jacob said to his sons, 'O sons! Don’t enter (Egypt) from one door. Enter

from different doors.'

ا .يوسف إلى ووصلوا أبوهم أمرهم كما متفرقة أبواب من اإلخوة ودخل زله جدا فرح بنيامين يوسف رأى ولم .بيته في وأنـ بيته وذكر وأباه أمه فذكر .طويل زمن بعد بنيامين يوسف ولقي .بنيامين واطمأن '.أخوك أنا إني' :لبنيامين يوسف وقال.صغره وذكر

The brothers entered from different doors as instructed by their father and reached to Joseph. When

Joseph saw Binyamin, he became very happy and lodged him in his home. Joseph said to Binyamin, 'I am

your brother.' and Binyamin became satisfied. Joseph met Binyamin after a long time. His talked about his

mother, father, his home and his childhood.


Protector, trusteeوكيل He returnedردSend! أرسل

He metلقي We catchنأخذ We do not findال نجد

His childhoodصغره You protectتحفظون They demandedطلبوا

You promiseتـعاهدواTo be dominatedأن تغلبواYou forgotنسيتم



قى أن يوسف وأراد بيل كيف ولكن .بيته عن يسأله و يكلمه و يوم كل يـراه بنيامين عنده يـبـ راجع بنيامين و ذلك، إلى الس معهم؟ به يرجعوا أن على اهللا عاهدوا اإلخوة و ذلك إلى السبيل وكيف كنعان؟ إلى غدا

Joseph wanted to keep Binyamin with him to meet him every day and talk to him and ask about his home.

But what was the way to do that? Binyamin was returning to Canaan tomorrow. What was the way to do

that while the brothers promised Allah to return him with them?

كان . عاقال ذكيا كان يوسف ولكن عظيم؟ لظلم هذا إن سبب، بغير كنعانيا عنده بنيامين يحبس أن ليوسف يمكن وكيف اإلخوة، والتـفت .لسارقون إنكم مؤذن وأذن بنيامين متاع في اإلناء هذا ووضع .فيه يشرب وكان ثمينا، إناء يوسف عند

'.بعير حمل به جاء ولمن الملك، إناء صواع نفقد ' قالوا 'تفقدون؟ ماذا' وقالواWithout any reason, how was it possible for Joseph to lock up Binyamin with him from returning to

Canaan? Surely it was a great offence. But Joseph was very intelligent and wise person. Joseph had an

expense utensil, he used to drink in it. He put that utensil in the luggage of Binyamin and an announcer

announced, 'Surely you are the thieves.' The brothers directed. They said, 'What are you lacking?' They

said, 'We lack the measuring bowl of the king. Whoever will bring it, we will give him (grains equivalent

to) the weight of a camel.'

نا ما علمتم لقد تالله ' :قالوا من جزاؤه ' :قالوا'.كاذبين كنتم إن جزاؤه فما' :قالوا '.سارقين كنا وما األرض في لنـفسد جئـ '.الظالمين نجزي كذلك جزاؤه فـهو رحله في وجد

They said, 'By God! You know that we have not arrived to spoil this land, we are not thieves.' They said,

'Then what is the punishment if you are telling a lie.' They said, 'The punishment of the one in whose

luggage it is found, so his punishment will be (catching) himself. In this way we punish the offenders.'


Weightحمل Expensiveثمين He talks to himيكلمه

بيل السWay نأذHe announced بعيرCamel

So that we spoilلنـفسد They turnedالتـفت Returning personراجع

سارق Thieves, plural ofسارقين You are lackingتفقدون It is possibleيمكن

We rewardنجزيWe are lackingنفقد To put in jailأن يحبس

Caller, announcerمؤذن Utensil to measureصواع Utensilإناء



من يوسف له أخ سرق فـقد بنيامين يسرق إن ' :خجل غير من قالوا ولكن اإلخوة فخجل بنيامين متاع من اإلناء وخرج شيخا أبا له إن !العزيز أيـها يا' قالوا .حليما كريما يوسف وكان يغضب ولم فسكت البهتان هذا يوسف وسمع '.قبل

'.لظالمون إذا إنا عنده متاعنا وجدنا من إال نأخذ أن الله معاذ ' قال '.المحسنين من نـراك إنا مكانه أحدنا فخذ كبيرا The bowl came out of the luggage of Binyamin, so the brothers ashamed but they said without any shame,

'If Binyamin has stolen it, then his brother Joseph has stolen before.' When Joseph heard this false blame,

he remained silent and did not become angry. Joseph was very generous and tolerant. They said, 'O A’ziz!

Surely our father is a great old man, so take anyone of us in his place. We see that you are from righteous

people.' He said, 'I seek refuge of Allah that we take anyone except the one in whose luggage we have

found our property. Then we will be great offenders.'

و .أهله من أحد يـرى ال طويل زمن منذ وحيدا كان يوسف إن .جميعا اإلخوان فرح و يوسف عند بنيامين بقي هكذا و أبدا؟ أخيه عند أخ يقيم أن الظلم من هل و .يكلمه و يـراه عنده يحبسه أفال بنيامين إليه اهللا ساق قد

In this way Binyamin remained with Joseph and all brothers became happy. Surely Joseph was alone since

a long time. He had not met anyone from his family. Allah had driven Binyamin to him. So why not he

lock him with himself to see and talk. Is it an offence to keep a brother with a brother?

فـيـفجعونه أ يوسف، في أمس فجعوه إنهم ألبيهم؟ يـقولون ماذا اإلخوة فكل و أبيهم؟ إلى يرجعون كيف اإلخوة وتحيـر رهم أما بنيامين؟ في اليوم سرق ابـنك إن أبانا يا فـقولوا أبيكم إلى ارجعوا :إلخوته قال و يعقوب إلى يرجع أن فأبى كبيـ.حافظين للغيب كنا وما علمنا بما إال شهدنا وما

The brothers astonished how to return to their father. Each of the brothers was thinking what to say to

their father? Surely they had afflicted him yesterday about Joseph, today how they afflict him about

Binyamin? Elder of them refused to return to Jacob and said to his brothers, 'Return to your father and say,

‘O father, our brother stole. We have not found any evidence except what we knew and we are not keeping

record of secret things.’'


They afflict himيـفجعونه He droveساق He ashamedخجل

He refusedأبىHe puts in jailيحبس He stealsيسرق

We observedشهدناTo establishأن يقيم He stoleسرق

For hiddenللغيب He confusedتحيـر False blameالبهتان

We foundوجدناThey afflicted himفجعوه We see youنـراك



إن بنيامين في يفجع اليوم و يوسف في فجع أمس ممتحن اهللا أن و .ذلك في يدا هللا أن علم القصة يعقوب سمع لما و يدا ذلك في هللا إن .بنيامين و كيوسف ابنين في يفجعه ال اهللا إن .ابنـين في يفجعه ال اهللا إن مصيبتـين، عليه يجمع ال اهللا

.خفية When Jacob listened this story he knew that Allah has put His Hand in it and Allah is testing him.

Yesterday, He afflicted him about Joseph and today He is afflicting him about Binyamin. Surely Allah

does not gather two afflictions. Surely Allah will not afflict him about two sons. Surely Allah will not

afflict him about two sons like Joseph and Binyamin. Surely Allah had a Secret Hand in this matter.

ر اإلبن إن ثم .عليهم ينعم و يسرهم ثم عباده يمتحن يـزل لم اهللا إن .مخفية حكمة ذلك في هللا إن مصر في بقي الكبيـ اطمأن وهنا .يكون ال هذا إن . اثنـين في قبل من فجع وقد أيضا الثالث في فيفجع أ .كنعان إلى يرجع أن وأبى أيضا

ال بشر قلب صدره في بشرا كان يعقوب ولكن .الحكيم العليم هو إنه جميعا بهم يأتيني أن الله عسى :وقال يعقوب .حجر قطعة

Surely Allah had a hidden wisdom in it. Surely Allah keep testing His slaves, but then He makes it easy

for them and bless them. Then the elder son also remained in Egypt and refused to return to Canaan. Is He

afflicting about the third one as well while He had afflicted about two before? This is not possible. Now

Jacob became satisfied and said, 'I hope Allah will bring all of them to me. Surely He is the

Knowledgeable, the Wise.' But Jacob was a human being, he had a heart in his chest, not a piece of stone.

د يوسف فذكر ه يوسف على أسفى يا :وقال حزنه وتجدك :وقالوا '.أبناءه والمقال .تهلك حتى يوسف تذكر تـزال ال إن '.تـعلمون ال ما الله من وأعلم الله إلى وحزني بـثي أشكو إنما' :يعقوب

He mentioned Joseph and his grief reinstated. He said, 'Alas! O Joseph! And your mother and his sons.'

They said, 'You will keep mentioning Joseph until you will die.' Jacob said, 'Surely I take my grief and

distress to Allah. I know from Allah what you do not know.'


Without a breakال تـزال Secretمخفية He put his handيدا

د Definitelyلم يـزل One who testsممتحن تجدIt reinstated

You will dieتهلك He makes easyيسرYesterdayأمس

I complainأشكوHe blessينعم He does not gatherال يجمع

My distressبـثيTo bringأن يأتينيTwo afflictionsمصيبتـين

My griefحزنيPartقطعة Secretخفية



ر رجاء له يعقوب وكان كفر، اليأس أن يعلم يعقوب وكان و يوسف عن ليبحثوا مصر إلى أبناءه يعقوب وأرسل .اهللا في كبيـ ودخلوا .ثالثة مرة مصر إلى اإلخوة وذهب اهللا، رحمة من يقنطوا أن من يعقوب ومنـعهم .ذلك في ويجتهدوا بنيامين

.نفسه يملك ولم يوسف في والحب الحزن هاج وهنا .الفضل وسألوه ومصيبتـهم فقرهم إليه وشكوا يوسف علىJacob used to know that being hopeless is thanklessness. Jacob had a great hope in Allah. Jacob sent his

sons to Egypt to search Joseph and Binyamin and to put effort in it. Jacob forbade them to be hopeless

from Allah’s mercy. The brothers went to Egypt third time. They entered to Joseph and complained about

their poverty and affliction and asked about his generosity. Here grief and love aroused in Joseph and he

was not able to control himself.

حالهم أرى متى وإلى عنهم األمر أخفي متى إلى .الملوك من ملك إلى ومصيبتهم فقرهم يشكون األنبياء وأبناء أبي أبناء تم إذ وأخيه بيوسف فـعلتم ما علمتم هل ' :لهم وقال يوسف يملك لم أبي؟ أرى ال متى وإلى اإلخوة وكان 'جاهلون؟ أنـ

.يوسف أنه فـعلموا .ونحن يوسف إال يعلمه ال السر هذا أن يعلمون The sons of my father and the sons of prophets complain about their poverty and affliction to a king from

many kings. Till what time I can conceal the matter from them and till what time I shall see their

condition and till what time I will not see my father? Joseph did not control himself and said to them, 'Do

you know what you did with Joseph and his brother, are you not aware?' The brothers knew that this is a

secret. Nobody knows it except Joseph and us. So they knew that he is Joseph.

◌عام؟ لنا يأمر كان الذي هو مصر؟ عزيز هو يوسف هل !سالم يا .البئر في مات ،أما حي يوسف هل !اهللا سبحان بالط قد أخي وهذا يوسف أنا' قال 'يوسف؟ ألنت أئنك ' قالوا !يعقوب بن يوسف هو يكلمهم الذي أن شك عندهم بقي وما ه مننا الل '.المحسنين أجر يضيع ال الله فإن ويصبر يـتق من إنه عليـ

Allah is Exalted! Is Joseph alive or did he die in the well? What a peaceful news! Does Joseph became the

Prime Minister of Egypt? He was the one who instructed us about the food? Now, no doubt remained that

the person they are talking is Joseph, the son of Jacob. They said, 'Then definitely you are Joseph.' He

said, 'I am Joseph and this is my brother. Allah has blessed us. Surely the one who fears and be patient, so

Allah do not waste the reward of righteous people.'


SecretالسرTheir poverty فقرهم Hopelessnessاليأس

Are youأئنك It arousedهاج Hopeرجاء

He bestowed uponمنHe did not control لم يملك So that they searchليبحثوا

He became carefulيـتق They complainيشكون They try hardيجتهدوا



نا الله آثـرك لقد تالله ' قالوا أرحم وهو لكم اهللا يـغفر ' قال بل فعلتهم، على يوسف المهم وما '.لخاطئين كنا وإن عليـ.السر ظهر وقد اآلن يصبر لماذا و .الفراق طال وقد إليه يشتاق ال وكيف يعقوب، لقاء إلى يوسف واشتاق '.الراحمين

They said, 'By God! Allah has preferred you in us. We were the wrong-doers.' Joseph did not reproach

them on their deed. But he said, 'Allah will forgive you, He is the most Merciful among all having mercy.'

Joseph desired to meet Jacob. How would he not desired him while separation was prolonged. Why to

wait now when the secret became open.

، انكشف قد .منام وال طعام وال شراب له يطيب ال وأبوه والطعام الشراب له يطيب وكيف روقد السر، ظهر وقد الس فألقوه هذا بقميصي اذهبوا' :يوسف فـقال والحزن البكاء كثرة من عمي قد يعقوب وكان يعقوب عين تـقر أن اهللا أراد ا .أجمعين بأهلكم وأتوني بصيرا يأت أبي وجه على جال سار ولمكنعان، إلى يوسف بقميص الر رائحة يعقوب أحس

:وقال يوسف How did he like drinks and food while his father was not taking drinks, food and sleep. The secret was

disclosed and opened. Allah wanted to give comfort to Jacob’s eyes and Jacob became blind due to

weeping a lot in grief. So Joseph said, 'Take my shirt and put it on the face of my father. He will become

sighted. Bring your entire family to me.' When the men traveled to Canaan with the shirt of Joseph, Jacob

felt the smell of Joseph and said:

على ألقاه البشير جاء أن فـلما صادقا، يعقوب كان ولكن '.القديم ضاللك لفي إنك تاهللا' قالوا '.يوسف ريح ألجد إني''.تـعلمون ال ما الله من أعلم إني لكم أقل لم أ ' :قال .بصيرا فارتد وجهه

'I find the fragrance of Joseph.' They said, 'By God! Surely you are in your old error.' But Jacob was true.

When the person with good news came and put (the shirt) on his face, he became sighted.' He said, 'Did I

not say to you that I know from Allah what you do not know?'


Your errorضاللك It exposedانكشفHe preferred youآثـرك

Oldالقديم To be peacefulأن تـقرHe blamed them المهم

TrueصادقاHe became blindعمي The Most Mercifulأرحم

ال يشتاقHe does not desire سارHe traveledالبشيرOne giving good news

It returnedارتدHe felt أحسSeparation الفراق

Looking, sightedبصيرا Smell, fragranceريح رائحة، It become favoriteيطيب



يعقوب وصل ولما '.الرحيم الغفور هو إنه ربي لكم أستـغفر سوف ' قال '.خاطئين كنا إنا ذنوبـنا لنا استـغفر أبانا يا' قالوا يوسف رفع و .مباركا يوما وكان مصر في مشهودا يوما وكان .وسرورهما فـرحهما عن تسأل وال يوسف استـقبـله مصر إلى

.ليوسف سجدا كلهم ووقـعوا العرش على أبـويه They said, 'O our father! Seek forgiveness for us for our sins. We were the wrong-doers.' He said, 'Soon I

will seek forgiveness for you from my Lord. Surely He is the Forgiver, the Merciful.' When Jacob reached

Egypt, Joseph welcomed him. Don’t ask about their happiness and their pleasure. It was a known day at

Egypt and it was a blessed day. Joseph raised his parents to the throne and all of them prostrated for

Joseph.

لي رأيتـهم والقمر والشمس كوكبا عشر أحد رأيت إني.حقا ربي جعلها قد قـبل من رؤياي تأويل هذا' :يوسف وقالرا طيبا حمدا اهللا يوسف وحمد '.ساجدين في يعقوب وآل يعقوب وبقي .عظيما شكرا ذلك على يوسف وشكر .كثيـ

ره ولم اهللا عن العظيم الملك هذا يوسف يشغل ولم .مصر في وزوجه يـعقوب ومات .طويال زمنا مصر يوسف وكان .يـغيـ .اهللا أوامر وينفذ اهللا بحكم يحكم يوسف وكان .ويخافه ويعبده اهللا يذكر

Joseph said, 'This is the interpretation of my previous dream. My Lord has made it true. I saw 11 stars, the

sun and the moon, I saw them prostrating for me.' Joseph praised Allah at lot with purity. Joseph thanked a

great thank on that. Jacob and his progeny remained in Egypt for a long time. Jacob and his wife died at

Egypt. This great kingdom did not make Joseph busy (to avoid) Allah, it did not change him. Joseph used

to mention Allah and worship Him and fear Him. Joseph used to decree according to Allah’s decree and

used to implement Allah’s instructions.


ره Seenمشهودا!Seek forgivenessاستـغفر لم يـغيـIt did not change him

He make decisionsيحكم BlessedمباركاI seek forgivenessأستـغفر

He implementsينفذ They happenedوقـعواHe welcomedاستـقبل

أمر Orders, plural ofأوامر Truthحقا Don’t askال تسأل

He did not become busyلم يشغل Pleasureسرور

Rule of the Day

A مركب عطفي is composed of three words: حرف عطف، معطوف، معطوف إليه. The معطوفis the word coming after the حرف عطف while معطوف إليه is the word coming before the

معطوف، معطوف إليه Both .حرف عطف have the same case )رفع، نصب، جر(



را الملك يـرى ال يوسف وكان ه وال كثيـ الملوك مع يحشر و ملك موت يموت أن يحب ال يوسف وكان كبيرا شيئا يـعد. .الصالحين مع ويحشر عبد موت يموت أن يحب يوسف كان بل

Joseph did not use to consider the kingdom much and he did not use to consider it a big thing. Joseph did

not use to like to die the death of a king and gathered (on the Day of Judgment) with kings. But Joseph

used to love to die the death of a slave (of Allah) and gathered with pious people.

يا في ولي أنت واألرض السموات فاطر األحاديث تأويل من وعلمتني الملك من آتـيتني قد رب ' :يوسف دعاء وكان نـ الد عليهم اهللا صلى ويعقوب وإسحاق إبراهيم بآبائه وألحقه مسلما اهللا توفاه و '.بالصالحين وألحقني مسلما تـوفني واآلخرة

.سلم و نبينا وعلىThe prayer of Joseph was: 'O Lord! You have given me a share in kingdom and taught me interpretation of

things. You are the Originator of the heavens and the earth. You are the friend in this world and the

hereafter. Cause me to die as a Muslim (submitter to God) and join me with pious people.' Allah caused

him to die as a Muslim and joined him with his forefathers Abraham, Isaac and Jacob. May Allah’s

blessings and peace be upon them and on our Prophet.


Cause me to dieتوفنيOriginatorفاطرIt does not promiseال يعده

Join meألحقنيCallدعاء He will gatherيحشر

He joined himألحقه You gave meآتـيتنيTo dieأن يموت

Rule of the Day

The Proper Noun )المعرفة اسم( has seven types which we’ve discussed in previous lessons: (1) Name )علم (of a specific person, thing or town. (2) All pronouns e.g. أنا أنت، هو، etc. (3) All pointing nouns اسم()اإلشارة e.g. تلك ذلك، هذا، etc. (4) All linking pronouns )الموصول اسم( e.g. أولئك التى، الذي، etc. (5)

Nouns having ال at their beginning. (6) Nouns whose إليه مضاف is a proper noun e.g. قـلم حامد، كتاب المدرس etc. The nouns whose إليه مضاف is a common noun are also common nouns e.g. طالب كتاب (a

book of a student) (7) The noun which is called by an exclamatory word e.g. وليدة يا رجل، يا etc.

Grammar Arabic AT-03

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