Gramática 1.2 Affirmative Informal Commands Negative Informal Commands el 30 de septiembre/el 3 de octubre.

Gramática 1.2 Affirmative Informal Commands

Negative Informal Commands

el 30 de septiembre/el 3 de octubre

Notes

• You will copy the following notes on page 47 of your INB.

• The title for this section will be:Affirmative Informal (Tú) Commands

• If you run out of room, get a loose leaf-paper and continue your notes there.

Commands

• A command tells a person or group of people what to do or what not to do.

• An affirmative command tells someone what to do.

• An informal (or tú) command is used when you – are talking to one person AND– you would normally address him/her with tú

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Forming commands

• To form an affirmative tú command:1.Conjugate the verb in the tú form and2.Drop the “s”

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• bailar - to dance• Bailas. - You dance.• ¡Baila! - Dance!

• comer - to eat• Tú comes. - You eat.• ¡Come! - Eat!

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What would happen with stem-changers?

• escribir - to write• Escribes. - You write• ¡Escribe! - Write!

• pensar - to think• Piensas. - You think.• ¡Piensa! - Think!

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Affirmative Commands Practice

A. Turn the following infinitives into an affirmative tú command and translate. Write the Spanish command, then the English meaning of the command.

1. estudiar ______________________2. leer ______________________3. bailar ______________________4. hablar ______________________5. ayudar ______________________6. comprar ______________________7. cocinar ______________________8. pagar ______________________9. comer ______________________10. beber ______________________11. correr ______________________12. vivir ______________________13. asistir ______________________

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B. Turn the following infinitives into an affirmative tú command and translate. Write the Spanish command, then the English meaning of the command.

1. pensar __________________2. cerrar __________________3. volver __________________4. contar __________________5. dormir __________________6. pedir __________________7. servir __________________

Affirmative Commands Practice

A. Turn the following infinitives into an affirmative tú command and translate. Write the Spanish command, then the English meaning of the command.

1. estudiar estudia – study2. leer lee – read 3. bailar baila – dance 4. hablar habla – talk 5. ayudar ayuda – help 6. comprar compra – buy 7. cocinar cocina – cook 8. pagar paga – buy 9. comer come – eat 10. beber bebe – drink 11. correr corre – run 12. vivir vive – live 13. asistir asiste – attend

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B. Turn the following infinitives into an affirmative tú command and translate. Write the Spanish command, then the English meaning of the command.

1. Pensar piensa – think 2. cerrar cierra – close 3. volver vuelve – return 4. contar cuenta – count 5. dormir duerme – sleep 6. pedir pide – ask 7. servir sirve – serve

Irregular affirmative tú commands47

Venir ven (come)Decir di (say/tell)Salir sal (leave)Hacer haz (make)Tener ten (have)Ir ve (go)Poner pon (put)Ser sé (be)

An easy way to remember is…

• Vin Diesel has ten weapons.

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Yo, I got ten weapons.

Yo, I got ten weapons.

Venir ven (come)Decir di (say/tell)Salir sal (leave)Hacer haz (make)Tener ten (have)Ir ve (go)Poner pon (put)Ser sé (be)

Irregular Affirmative Commands Practice

C. Write the following sentences in Spanish using commands:

1. Put the salad on the table!

2. Be careful!

3. Make a sandwich!

4. Leave now!

5. Be nice!

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Irregular Affirmative Commands Practice

C. Write the following sentences in Spanish using commands:

1.Put the salad on the table! ¡Pon la ensalada en la mesa!

2.Be careful! ¡Sé cuidado!3.Make a sandwich! ¡Haz un sándwich!4.Leave now! ¡Sal ahora!5.Be nice! ¡Sé simpático!

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Notes

• You will copy the following notes on page 49 of your INB.

• The title for this section will be:Negative Informal (Tú) Commands

• If you run out of room, get a loose leaf-paper and continue your notes there.

How would you define a negative command?

• A negative command tells someone what NOT to do.

• A negative informal command is used when you are telling someone you would address with tú what not to do.

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To form a negative tú command…

• Put no before the verb.

• Start with the yo form of the verb.

1. Drop the “o”

2. For –ar verbs: add -es

For –er and –ir verbs: add -as

• These are the opposite endings!

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To form a negative tú command…

• Negative Command Rap – Put it in the “yo” form,Drop the “-o,”Add the opposite ending, And your ready to go.

For example…

• bailar bailo bail- no bailes (Don’t dance!)

• comer como no comas (Don’t eat!)

• abrir abro no abras (Don’t open!)

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Negative Commands Practice

D. Write the NEGATIVE command for each, then write what the command means in English.

1. Hablar

2. Correr

3. Interrumpir

4. Patinar

5. Escribir

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Negative Commands Practice

D. Write the NEGATIVE command for each, then write what the command means in English.

1.Hablar – ¡No hables! Don’t talk!2.Correr – ¡No corras! Don’t run!3.Interrumpir – ¡No interrumpas! Don’t

interrupt!4.Patinar – ¡No patines! Don’t skate!5.Escribir – ¡No escribas! Don’t‘ write!

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We need to be careful with what type of verb!

• Irregular yo forms!

• No poner la mesa

• pongo pong-

• ¡No pongas la mesa! (Don’t set the table!)

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Irregular commands

• There are irregular commands for both affirmative and negative commands.

• The verbs that are irregular for affirmative and negative are not all the same.

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Irregular Negative Tú Command

• These irregulars are different• Ser no seas (Don’t be!)• Ir no vayas (Don’t go!)• Dar no des (Don’t give!)• Estar no estés (Don’t be!)• Saber no sepas (Don’t know!*)• Think SIDES

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E. Write the negative command for each verb!1. no estudiar ______________________2. no leer ______________________3. no tener ______________________4. no salir ______________________5. no ayudar ______________________6. no comprar ______________________7. no dormir ______________________8. no decir ______________________9. no pensar ______________________10.no beber ______________________11.no correr ______________________12.no hacer ______________________13.no asistir ______________________

Negative Commands Practice48

E. Write the negative command for each verb!1. no estudiar ¡No estudies!2. no leer ¡No leas!3. no tener ¡No tengas!4. no salir ¡No salgas!5. no ayudar ¡No ayudes!6. no comprar ¡No compres!7. no dormir ¡No duermas!8. no decir ¡No digas!9. no pensar ¡No pienses!10.no beber ¡No bebas!11.no correr ¡No corras!12.no hacer ¡No hagas!13.no asistir ¡No asistas!

Negative Commands Practice48

Spelling changes

• Verbs that end in -car , -gar or -zar have a spelling change in the negative tú command.

• Can you figure out why?

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Pronounce the following words to yourselfcalorcenaqueque

calor (k) vs. cena (s) vs. queque (k) so c qu

This change happens in the NEGATIVE tú command for verbs that end in –car

Sacar no saques la basura (Don’t take out the trash!)Why only in the negative tú command?

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Pronounce the following words to yourself

gatogenteAguilargato (g) vs. gente (h) vs. Aguilar (g)

so g gu

No pagar no pagues (Don’t pay!)Again this happens in the negative (not affirmative)

tú command.

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• For verbs that end in –zar• z c

• No empezar no empieces (Don’t start!)

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