GOVERNANCE: ISSUES AND CHALLENGES Punya Prasad Neupane
Jan 18, 2018
GOVERNANCE: ISSUES AND CHALLENGES
Punya Prasad Neupane
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Presentation outline Context Understanding governance Reimagining governance Government and governance Governance actors and their roles World governance indicators (WGI) Governance status in Nepal Issues and challenges
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An exercise for identifying governance quality in Nepal
Governance Characteristics
Issues Actors involved Status
ParticipationRule of LawConsensus OrientedEquity and InclusivenessTransparencyAccountabilityResponsivenessEffectiveness and Efficiency
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ContextNepal has everything in place except effective and efficient governance. People are bound to bear all sorts of sufferings like corruption, discrimination, lawlessness and several other unethical practices while receiving public goods and services. Hence, we are in serious 'Governance crisis'.
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Understanding governance
World Bank (1991)the manner in which power is exercised in the management of a country's economic and social resources for development
World Bank (2006)the traditions and institutions by which authority in a country is exercised
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Understanding…UNDP (1997)Governance is the exercise of economic, political, and administrative authority to manage a country’s affairs at all levels. It comprises the mechanisms, processes, and institutions through which citizens and groups articulate their interests, exercise their legal rights, meet their obligations and mediate their differences.
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Reimagining governance
State
Citizens
Governance
system
Pillars of governance
Governance, NASC 2015
8Pa
rticip
atio
n
Rule
of L
aw
Cons
ensu
s Orie
nted
Equi
ty a
nd
Inclu
siven
ess
Tran
spar
ency
Acco
unta
bilit
y
Resp
onsiv
enes
s
Effec
tiven
ess a
nd
Efficie
ncy
Good Governance
Information and Communication Technology
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Actors of governance and their roles
Change in governance philosophy- governance beyond government
State
MarketCivil SocietyMobilizing people’s
participation, promoting constructive engagement
Creating favourable political, legal and economic environment
Creating opportunities for people
Governance, NASC 2015
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World Governance Indicators: 6 Dimensional Framework: World Bank
Voice and accountability Political stability and lack of violence Government effectiveness Regulatory quality Rule of law Control of corruption
(Kaufmann-Kraay-Mastruzzi Worldwide Governance Indicators- World Bank)
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Governance status of Nepal
Source: World Bank, 2014 Worldwide Governance Indicators.
1996
2000
2003
2005
2007
2009
2011
2013
-2.50
-2.00
-1.50
-1.00
-0.50
0.00 Voice and Accountabil-ityPolitical Stability and Absence of ViolenceGovernment Ef -fectivenessRegulatory QualityRule of LawControl of Cor-ruption
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Issues and challenges Low accountability,
responsiveness and transparency Rampant corruption Non-inclusive governance Low credibility of public
institutions Over politicization in governance
practices Low innovation in governance
system
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Issues
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Strengthening state-people relationship
State
Intermediary People
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Issues Maintaining ethical
standards Using politics for
improve service delivery
Rule of law Inclusive governance Innovative
governance- use of technology
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Reinforcing Governance Functions
Policy
Citizens
Governanc
e Syste
m
Political parities and environmentBureaucratic systems and cultureInternational contextCulture and social
values
Integrity LeadershipStrategic Thinking
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Enhancing Governance- A Framework
Individual (Service
Provider)
Institution (Structure
and system)
Collective
(Society, WPEs, Community of
Practice)
Social Accountability
Capacity building
Empowerment, awareness, experience sharing
Revisit, restructure
Improved public service delivery
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Thank you