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GI2014 – GI/GIS/GDI – Forum
Open GeoData Movement in Europe of Regions 14. Grenzüberschreitendes Sächsisches GIS – Forum am 29./30. April 2014 in Dresden
Sustainability & Interoperability of Open GEODATA Movement – Open Data & License Policy for Europe of Regions
SCIENTIFIC PROGRAMME MEMBERS: Chairs: Doz. Dr. F. HOFFMANN (IGN/DE) & Dr. K. CHARVAT (CCSS/CZ) Members: Prof. BEHR (HFT/DE), Dr. FURDIK (STUBA/SK), Dr. K. JANECKA (WBU/CZ), Prof. M. KONECNY (MUNI/CZ), Dir. W. MAYER (PROGIS/AT), Dipl.Ing. P. VOHNOUT (CCSS/CZ) ORG-COM-Members: Dr. G. HOFFMANN (IGN), Prof. S. KLOSS (IGN), Dr. K.-D. MICHAEL (IGN).
ORGANIZER’S INFORMATION & INTERNET REFERENCE URL’S
As you may know, Konrad ZUSE was the great Innovator of first free programmable Computer Z41 in Germany. Konrad ZUSE was engaged in construction engineering and, therefore, he paved the way for construction engineers by automated computing. The open exchange of experience was and is the motor of innovation in the past, as well as today.
Following the inspiring ideas of Konrad ZUSE in civil engineering some years ago the need arised for developing new automated tools for information & calculation in the construction economy. Therefore, in 1991 we founded the “f:data” in Thuringia and 1992 the “Dr. Schiller & Partner” GmbH in Dresden.
Since then we developed “Dynamische Baudaten” and published in 1996 the [ STLB-Bau ] on behalf of German Standard organization DIN. The latest innovative products will be: [ www.BauProfessor.de ]. More information about our company “Dr. Schiller & Partner” GmbH – [ Dynamische Baudaten ] – see also the [ SCHILLERBLOG | NEXTBAU ] as well our Presentation for GI2014-Forum at pages 38-42.
Finally, wishing you success for this expert seminar and your GI2014-Forum presentations !
Doz. Dr. Frank HOFFMANN, CSc – Vorstandsvorsitzender IGN e.V. Academician of International Eurasian Academy of Sciences (IEAS)
GI2014 – WELCOME & INTRODUCTION
THE GI2014 CONCEPTION & MOTIVATION
– INTRODUCTION TO OPEN DATA MOVEMENT IN EUROPE OF REGIONS –
ABSTRACT <> SUMMARY
The European Commission has positioned itself as an innovative player in the field of multi-purpose use of OPEN GEO DATA (OGD) and PUBLIC SECTOR INFORMATION (PSI). The goal is to develop an open, dynamic Media industry that refine public data into valuable information and knowledge not only for ICT experts and Public Administrations, but also allowing transparency and participation for User communities and Citizens.
With the EU DIRECTIVES PSI (2003/98/EC / updated 2013/XX/EC), INSPIRE (2007/02/EC) legal requirements were provided enabling new developments and opportunities for funding of projects until 2013 and beyond 2014 – 2020 in EUROPE OF REGIONS. However, there is a need for more & better knowledge about new EU policies and strategies like "DIGITAL EUROPE & HORIZON 2020". Therefore, these awareness needs require more and comprehensive information and knowledge as well creative, innovative actions for education and training. The European Commission presented in 2011 the „Strategy of Open Data in Europe“ to push the growth of EU economy to nearly 40 Billions Euro per year:
Therefore, sustainable decision making requires greater Awareness of intellectual property rights (IPR) and Knowledge exchange of copyrights, open licensing rules and creative commons bylaws for economic, ecological and social applications in Europe of Regions, as well as for governance, tourism, civil protection and security-related infrastructures. Finally, there is still yet a need for comprehensive information, education and training actions, particularly at local, regional, cross-border and inter-regional levels.
However, the most problematic field is the CROSS-BORDER ADAPTATION and SEMANTIC
INTEROPERATION of IPR, Copyrights and Licensing to OPEN Data, Services and Applications for an effective governance, transparency and participation creating
OPEN APPS for population, infrastructure and environment !
Therefore, the GI2014 Forum is intenting for inter-regional exchange of experience and information for integration of Open PSI & GEO Data mainly at local, regional and, especially, cross-border levels.
SUSTAINABILITY & INTEROPERABILITY OF OPEN DATA & LICENSE POLICY
Proposals for presentation / poster (title+abstract, max. 250-300 words in German or English or Russian) had to be submitted by 31.03.2014 to allow composing of the actual programme framework draft, while extented Summary texts were due until 15.04.2014 using the DOC templates (available for downloading from Weblog at [ http://GDI-SN.blogspot.com ] website) !
GI2014 – Call For Presentations – Proposed for Seminar TOPICS
History of Geospatial Open Standards,
Political Open Data Support,
Cross-border Open PSI,
Cross-border GeoData & OSM,
Open Data Resources,
Open Linked Data,
Open Data Technologies,
Open Data Interoperability,
Open Database Protection,
Open Data Commons,
Licensing Policies,
IPR & Copyright, ODbL,
Open Data Best Practices
GI2014 – SEMINAR SCHEDULES
01.02.2014: OPEN Call For Presentations (CFP) on weblog site [ http://GDI-SN.blogspot.com ]
01.03.2014: GI2014 Framework Programme and Abstract-/Summary-Templates to be used
31.03.2014: Deadline for submitting presentation/poster title+abstract (max. 250 words, see Template)
15.04.2014: Deadline for submitting presentation/poster summary (max. 1 or 3 pages, see Template)
25.04.2014: Deadline for submission presention slides (PPT / duration+discussion: 10+5’ short / 20+10’ long)
Participants and target groups: Developers, Providers, Integrators and Users of Open Public Sector Information and Open GeoData, GeoService and GeoApplications for integrated PSI & INSPIRE Portals used in local / regional Governments, Administrations, Enterprises and for private Applications & Business (Openstreetmap, Enviro protection, agriculture, forestry, tourism, emergency services, security, police, rescue, insurance, utilities, civil protection & crisis management, etc.).
Registration deadline setup at: 25.04.2013 !
The FINAL PROGRAMME & PROCEEDINGS can be downloaded later on via links from IGN’s weblog.
ABOUT IGN (DE) & CCSS (CZ) – THE CROSS-BORDER ORGANIZERS
IGN e.V. – INNOVATION.Grenzüberschreitendes Netzwerk (X-border Network) – is a non-profit Association ( NGO / gemeinnütziger Verein ) for Education, Development and Knowledge Transfer – founded in 2002 as “GDI-Sachsen” (i.G.) – the final outcome of the “OpenGIS Strategy Seminar” series in GI2000 & GI2002 at “Bildungswerk Ost-West” (BOW), but later on was re-founded as the follow-up “IGN” e.V. at September 2nd, 2003, by Czechia and Saxonia experts of Cartomatics, Cyberlaw, Cybernetics, Geomatics, Economics, Mediamatics, Pedagogics, Regional Development and Spatial Sciences. Its main goals: supporting GEO – ENVIRO – SPATIO – oriented Awareness, Business and Openness in Training, Education and Research on GeoINSPIRE’d Interoperability, Sustainability, and Usability of spatial Data, Services and Applications for X-border-Infrastructures of Spatial Information in EUROPE of REGIONS.
The CCSS – Czech Center for Science and Society – is an Association of high tech SMEs, the public administration and research organizations. It is an independent, non-profit and non-governmental organisation. It is a type of virtual centre of excellence with the focus on the implementation of new communication and navigation technologies which have potential for sustainable development. The CCSS co-operates with a wide range of institutions and individuals, home and foreign ones. It is focused on research & development activities in the field of international research projects and utilization of modern technologies. CCSS supports co-operation networks of the small and medium business within the framework of regional economies and helds intensive contacts, particularly in Europe, Asia, Africa and South America. The CCSS is focused on transfer, analyses and development of the most advanced GI & ICT technologies which are contributing to the growth of productivity not only in industrial enterprises but in the branch of small and medium business as well. CCSS is active in the agriculture, industry, trade and services, predominantly in agricultural regions. The priority of activities of CCSS is Environment protection and Crisis management. In this field CCSS is active in European FP7 research and “best practice” excellence & social networks.
X-border OPENDATA Movement: Sustainability & Interoperability of Open Data & Open Licence Policy for Europe of Regions [ GI2014-FORUM ] + 14. "Sächsisches GI/GIS/GDI-Forum" in DRESDEN + [ [email protected] ] Dresden: 30. April 2014
PROPOSED GI2014 OPEN SEMINAR TOPICS History of Geospatial Open Standards , Open Database Protection, Open Data Resources,
Open Data Commons, Linked Open Data, Open Data Technologies, Open Data Interoperability, Cross-border Open PSI, GeoData & OSM, Political Open Data Support, Open Licensing Policies,
About the „Dr. Schiller & Partner GmbH“ Company and its integrated Information & Calculation Products
Dynamische Bau Daten (DBD)
Die Dr. Schiller & Partner GmbH liefert DATEN für das Bauwesen von der Kostenschätzung bis zur betrieblichen Kalkulation. Dies nennen wir die durchgängige Informationsvernetzung für das Bauwesen.
Über offene Schnittstellen, zur Zeit für Windows und über XML, bieten wir allen Interessierten, vor allem Softwarehäusern, die Programme für Kostenermittlung, AVA oder baubetriebliche Kalkulation entwickeln, die Möglichkeit, den Zugriff auf unsere Datenprodukte in deren Software zu integrieren und damit Gesamtlösungen von Programm und Daten anbieten zu können.
Wir verfolgen damit das Ziel, den Standard für BauDaten im deutschen Bauwesen zu etablieren. Standard heißt nicht Eintönigkeit. Über die spezielle Technologie der Codierung von Daten, die wir Dynamische BauDaten nennen, ist es uns möglich, die ganze Vielfalt der im Bauwesen verlangten Daten mit einem darstellbaren Aufwand abzubilden.
Ziel aller Aktivitäten ist eine verbesserte Kommunikation unter den am Bau Beteiligten:
Vollständige und eindeutige Leistungsbeschreibungen zur Vermeidung unerwünschter Missverständnisse, die Zeit und Geld kosten.
Aussagekräftige und vergleichbare Kostendaten für Bauherren und Architekten.
Unterstützung in der Angebotskalkulation durch automatische Ermittlung der Einzelkosten der Teilleistungen.
Vernetzung aller Inhalte mit anderen Informationsanbietern, wie dem DIN und Fachverlagen für das Bauwesen.
Alle Produkte firmieren unter dem Markennamen [ Dynamische BauDaten ] (DBD).
Gegründet wurde das Unternehmen im Jahre 1991. Es gehört zu 100 % den vier Gesellschaftern und Geschäftsführern Dr. Klaus Schiller (Vorsitzender der GF), Dipl. Ing. Martin Hubert, Dipl.-Ing. Hans-Peter Finke und Dipl.-Ing. Maik Wachter.
Als Meilenstein in der Unternehmensgeschichte wurde im Jahr 1995 das damalige Produkt DBD-Texte in der Ausschreibung des GAEB zum fachlichen Sieger bestimmt. In der Folge entsteht hieraus das Produkt [ STLB-Bau ], dessen Inhalte vom GAEB aufgestellt werden, das vom DIN herausgegeben wird und von Dr. Schiller & Partner GmbH datentechnisch realisiert wird.
In den Jahren 1996-1998 entstehen die neuen Produkte [ DBD-Baupreise | DBD-Bauteile und DBD-Kalkulationsansätze ] die alle über die DBD-Codierung mit dem [ STLB-Bau ] verknüpft sind und welche die Idee der durchgängigen Informationsvernetzung zur Realität machen.
Die nächste Innovation wurde im Herbst 2000 präsentiert: Die ersten online - fähigen [ Daten für das Bauwesen ].
Seit 2005 werden alle Produkte ausschließlich auf Basis modernster XML Technologie erstellt. Damit wird die Oberflächengestaltung und die Bedienbarkeit der Produkte auf eine neue, langfristig zukunftsweisende Qualitätsstufe angehoben.
Die rund 20 Mitarbeiter von Dr. Schiller & Partner GmbH arbeiten hauptsächlich in den Bereichen Textredaktion und Produktentwicklung/Produktpflege an den Standorten Dresden und Clingen (Thüringen). Darüber hinaus gibt es einen Vertriebsstützpunkt als Verbindungsstelle zu den Softwarehäusern im Raum Düsseldorf.
ELECTRONIC REGIONAL RISK ATLAS SOLUTION FOR ENVIRONMENTAL RISK MANAGEMENT IN EASTERN PARTNERSHIP
Premysl Vohnout CCSS – Czech Centre for Science and Society, Prague
ABSTRACT
Keywords: civil protection, geoportal, geodata, geospatial services, east europe
Content: CCSS develops and put into operation Electronic Regional Risk Atlas (ERRA). The ERRA is
one of the main outputs of the PPRD East project in the ENPI* East Region.
PPRD East is an EU-funded project aiming to support countries in the ENPI East Region,
including Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Georgia, Moldova and Ukraine.
The overall objectives of the PPRD East Programme are to contribute to the development of the
Partner Countries Civil protection capacities for disaster prevention, preparedness and response and to
bring the Partner Countries progressively closer to the EU Civil Protection Mechanism and improve
cooperation among them.
The ERRA is geoportal based on open standards, enabling the user to search, view, download
and analyse risk maps and other geodata from the ENPI East Region. It will serve as a tool for disaster
managers, operators of crisis management centres, risk assessment specialists, researchers and others.
ERRA system is based on six regional and one central portal. Every regional portal is running directly in
civil protection departments of relevant ministry. Operators create, prepare and publish geodata using
portal and ERRA external modules.
ERRA consists of:
Web interface – web based portal created using modern technologies (html5, responsive design). This interface is mainly used for publishing geodata to OGC OWS (WMS, WFS) using LayMan.
LayMan - Geospatial data are often published using MapServer or GeoServer. Vector data are often imported into PostGIS before being published. LayMan (Layer Manager) does it both for you and offers a web GUI. Meanwhile, the published layers can be secured, so only the users with appropriate rights can display them.
Mobile client - Android based client for mobile devices (smart phones, tablets) can collect point data directly in terrain. Desired attributes together with taken picture of object are sent over internet connections (GSM, WiFi, etc.) to server receiver. The collected points are added to map on the portal.
Compotte (Offline client) – qgis (python based open source desktop GIS application) external module for downloading map compositions created using web based portal through WFS API.. Downloaded layers are styled like on the portal and can be used for further analyses without internet connection.
Analysis engine – javascript based tool used for selecting features according to position or attribute
Flood module – application used for modelling flood model for specific areas.
Authors
Dipl. Ing. Premysl VOHNOUT, Dr. Stepan KAFKA, M.S. Michal SREDL,
M.S. Jan BOJKO, Dipl. Ing. Michal KEPKA, Dr. Karel CHARVAT [ all CCSS ]
Die Berliner Erklärung über den offenen Zugang zu wissenschaftlichem
Wissen vom 22. Oktober 2003 wurde in englischer Sprache verfasst. Sie ist einer der Meilensteine der Open Access-Bewegung.
Der Wortlaut der englischen Version ist maßgebend.
Preface
The Internet has fundamentally changed the practical and economic realities of distributing scientific knowledge and cultural heritage. For the first time ever, the Internet now offers the chance to constitute a global
and interactive representation of human knowledge, including cultural heritage and the guarantee of worldwide access.
We, the undersigned, feel obliged to address the challenges of the Internet
as an emerging functional medium for distributing knowledge. Obviously, these developments will be able to significantly modify the nature of
scientific publishing as well as the existing system of quality assurance.
In accordance with the spirit of the Declaration of the Budapest Open Acess
Initiative, the ECHO Charter and the Bethesda Statement on Open Access Publishing, we have drafted the Berlin Declaration to promote the Internet
as a functional instrument for a global scientific knowledge base and human reflection and to specify measures which research policy makers, research
institutions, funding agencies, libraries, archives and museums need to consider.
Our mission of disseminating knowledge is only half complete if the
information is not made widely and readily available to society. New possibilities of knowledge dissemination not only through the classical form
but also and increasingly through the open access paradigm via the Internet have to be supported. We define open access as a comprehensive
source of human knowledge and cultural heritage that has been approved by the scientific community.
In order to realize the vision of a global and accessible representation of
knowledge, the future Web has to be sustainable, interactive, and transparent. Content and software tools must be openly accessible and
compatible.
Definition of an Open Access Contribution
Establishing open access as a worthwhile procedure ideally requires the active commitment of each and every individual producer of scientific knowledge and holder of cultural heritage. Open access contributions
include original scientific research results, raw data and metadata, source materials, digital representations of pictorial and graphical materials and
scholarly multimedia material.
1. Open access contributions must satisfy two conditions:The author(s)
and right holder(s) of such contributions grant(s) to all users a free,
irrevocable, worldwide, right of access to, and a license to copy, use,
distribute, transmit and display the work publicly and to make and
distribute derivative works, in any digital medium for any responsible
purpose, subject to proper attribution of authorship (community
standards, will continue to provide the mechanism for enforcement of
proper attribution and responsible use of the published work, as they do
now), as well as the right to make small numbers of printed copies for
their personal use.
2. A complete version of the work and all supplemental materials,
including a copy of the permission as stated above, in an appropriate
standard electronic format is deposited (and thus published) in at least
one online repository using suitable technical standards (such as the
Open Archive definitions) that is supported and maintained by an
academic institution, scholarly society, government agency, or other
well-established organization that seeks to enable open access,
unrestricted distribution, inter operability, and long-term archiving.
GI2014 – GI/GIS/GDI – Forum
Open GeoData Movement in Europe of Regions 14. Grenzüberschreitendes Sächsisches GIS – Forum am 29./30. April 2014 in Dresden
Sustainability & Interoperability of Open GEODATA Movement – Open Data & License Policy for Europe of Regions
Supporting the Transition to the Electronic Open Access Paradigm
Our organizations are interested in the further promotion of the new open access paradigm to gain the most benefit for science and society. Therefore, we intend to make progress by
encouraging our researchers/grant recipients to publish their work
according to the principles of the open access paradigm.
encouraging the holders of cultural heritage to support open access
by providing their resources on the Internet.
developing means and ways to evaluate open access contributions
and online-journals in order to maintain the standards of quality
assurance and good scientific practice.
advocating that open access publication be recognized in promotion
and tenure evaluation.
advocating the intrinsic merit of contributions to an open access
infrastructure by software tool development, content provision,
metadata creation, or the publication of individual articles.
We realize that the process of moving to open access changes the
dissemination of knowledge with respect to legal and financial aspects. Our organizations aim to find solutions that support further development of the
existing legal and financial frameworks in order to facilitate optimal use and access.
Signing Instructions
Governments, universities, research institutions, funding agencies, foundations, libraries, museums, archives, learned societies and
professional associations who share the vision expressed in the Berlin Declaration on Open Access to Knowledge in the Sciences and Humanities
are therefore invited to join the signatories that have already signed the Declaration.
Contact
Prof. Dr. Peter Gruss
Präsident der Max Planck Gesellschaft Hofgartenstraße 8
[ English Version | Kurz, worum geht es? | Unterzeichne auch du! | Kontakt ] Aktuelles:
19. Februar 2014: govdata.de und not-your-govdata.de feiern ein Jahr Geburtstag ...
22. Januar 2014: Die Bundesregierung mahnt Open Knowledge Foundation wegen der Veröffentlichung eines staatlichen Dokuments ab ...
Gemeinsame Erklärung:
Den Standard endlich auf “Offen” setzen!
(Stand: 7.2.2013)
Zugängliche Plattformen und offene Lizenzen für unsere Daten!
Die vom Bundesministerium des Innern (BMI) geplante Government-Data-Plattform (govdata.de bzw. daten-deutschland.de) trat an, “für Deutschland ein nachhaltiges Angebot an frei zugänglichen Verwaltungsdaten für Bürgerinnen und Bürger, die Wirtschaft und andere Verwaltungseinheiten” bereitzustellen (ehemalige Ankündigung auf daten-deutschland.de). Der Erfolg der Plattform und der Open-Government-(Data)-Strategie von Bund und Ländern hängt maßgeblich davon ab, dass Datensätze zugänglich gemacht werden, die für potentielle Nachnutzer interessant und relevant sind. Bis heute sind in Deutschland viele relevante Datensätze gar nicht oder nicht als offene Daten zugänglich. Eine Liste davon haben wir hier zusammengefasst. Diese Daten müssen im Sinne der 10 Prinzipen für offene Daten technisch und rechtlich offen sein um die Nachnutzung auch zu kommerziellen Zwecken zu ermöglichen.
In dieser gemeinsamen Erklärung begründen Vertreter der deutschen Open-Data-Community, warum die Plattform [ GovData.de ] in der jetzt vorgesehen Form nicht akzeptabel ist.
Die vor kurzem veröffentlichten Rechtemodelle für das Portal und die bisherigen Einblicke in die Plattform zeigen einen Ansatz, der weder offen im Sinne der weltweit anerkannten Standards ist noch zeitgemäß oder effektiv im Hinblick auf Umsetzung, Usability und Sicherheit. Auch ist bisher nicht ersichtlich, wie man gedenkt, eine Nachnutzung der Daten aktiv zu fördern und so eine Community rund um das Datenangebot zur Nachnutzung zu motivieren. Es besteht noch enormer Handlungsbedarf auf verschiedenen Ebenen.
Das vorgeschlagene Lizenzmodell ist eine Insellösung!
Auch wenn das vorgeschlagene Lizenzmodell in seiner Einfachheit besser als das völlig unbrauchbare GeoLizenzen-Modell ist, erschwert es dennoch über die Maßen die Verbreitung, Weiternutzung und Verschränkung der Daten. Anstatt auf international etablierte offene Lizenzmodelle zurückzugreifen wird ein neues Modell “Marke Eigenbau” als Insellösung geschaffen, das für erhebliche Rechtsunsicherheit sorgt. Dass entscheidende Begriffe wie “Quellenangabe” nicht bzw. nicht ausreichend definiert sind, hilft der Nachnutzung ebenfalls nicht. Eine rechtliche Insellösung wie die hier gewählte bewirkt, dass für die betroffenen Daten andere rechtliche Vorgaben beachtet werden müssen als für zahllose andere Datensammlungen weltweit, die sich an internationale Standards halten. Will man sich als Nachnutzer nicht bewusst in eine rechtliche Grauzone begeben, müssen also zusätzliche Vorgaben rechtlich analysiert werden, was die sogenannten “Transaktionskosten” erhöht und damit zahlreichen Nachnutzungsideen die Realisierbarkeit nimmt. Eine freie und offene Nutzung der mit Steuergeldern finanzierten Daten ist so nicht möglich, da die Daten gerade nicht einfach und ohne rechtlichen Abgleich mit
anderen kombiniert werden können. Zwar wird “Big Data” gerne als Innovationsmotor im Munde geführt, Deutschland geht mit dem neuen Portal aber in Richtung Daten-Kleinstaaterei. Es wird ein nationaler, getrennter Datenpool geschaffen, dessen Nutzungsbedingungen nicht mit internationalen Standardlösungen kompatibel sind.
Den Standard auf “Offen” setzen und Ausnahmen öffentlich begründen!
Geschlossene Daten mögen in sensiblen Bereichen zu rechtfertigen sein, sie müssen aber die Ausnahme und nicht die Regel darstellen. Deshalb grenzt es an Irreführung, wenn der Begriff “Open Data” sowohl in der Fraunhofer-FOKUS-Studie als auch in den Ankündigungen des BMI hervorgehoben wird, solange es teilnehmenden datenhaltenden Stellen völlig freisteht, durch Wahl der nicht-kommerziellen Variante der Lizenzdie kommerzielle Nachnutzung zu verbieten. Es steht zu befürchten, dass viele Behörden aus Bequemlichkeit diese Variante einer “Freigabe” wählen werden, womit alle betroffenen Daten gerade nicht offen lizenziert wären und somit eine Kombination mit offenen Daten rechtlich blockiert würde. Das Gegenteil sollte gelten: Staatliche Organe sollten begründen müssen, warum durch Steuergelder finanzierte Daten nicht für alle uneingeschränkt zur Nachnutzung bereitstehen. Das öffentliche Interesse an freiem Zugang zu staatlichen Informationen wiegt höher als das Gutdünken einzelner Behörden. Warum ist das so wichtig? Nur wirklich offene Daten können neben ihrem gesellschaftlichen Mehrwert auch gefahrlos in solchen Bereichen genutzt werden, bei denen nicht vollständig klar ist, ob es sich um kommerzielle Verwendungen handelt oder nicht. Gerade in den weltweiten Datennetzen ist diese Grauzone größer als die deutsche Politik wohl wahrhaben möchte. Freie Daten können denn auch als Wirtschaftsförderung verstanden werden, da sie ohne einen einzigen Euro an Subventionen einen enormen Schub an wirtschaftlichen Impulsen und Innovationen bedeuten können.
Was muss geschehen?
Der Erfolg der Plattform und der gesamten Open-Government-(Data)-Strategie des Bundes hängt maßgeblich von einer echten offenen Freigabe der Verwaltungsdaten ab. Bisher droht die Umsetzung dagegen vor allem zu einer inhaltlichen Entwertung des Begriffes “Open Government” zu führen und damit auch die Entwicklung zu offenem Regieren in Deutschland nachhaltig zu bremsen. Deshalb fordern wir im Rahmen der weiteren Entwicklung von daten-deutschland.de und govdata.de:
1. Datensätze als offene Daten (im Sinne der 10 Prinzipen für offene Daten) zugänglich zu machen, die für potentielle Nachnutzer interessant, relevant und tatsächlich nachnutzbar sind (hier eine Beispieliste solcher Datensätze);
2. Bekenntnis und Verpflichtung zu echtem Open Government (Data) und offenen Lizenzen (gemäß Open Definition) sowie Vermeidung von Datenveröffentlichungen ohne dokumentierte Nutzungsbedingungen;
3. Vorgabe und Verpflichtung der Behörden, Daten standardmäßig offen zu lizenzieren und nicht-offene Daten nur in öffentlich begründeten Ausnahmefällen zuzulassen;
4. Verzicht auf verwaltungsrechtliche Nutzungsgewährungen zugunsten zivilrechtlicher Standardlizenzen und damit zugleich Verzicht auf rechtliche Kontrolle bis hinunter zur einzelnen Dateneinheit;
5. Erkennbare Ausrichtung darauf, die wertvollsten und nützlichsten Daten prioritär zu veröffentlichen und von der pro-forma-Veröffentlichung von “Schnarchdaten” abzusehen;
6. Investitionen in Marketing und Kommunikation der Plattform als zentrale Anlaufstelle für öffentliche Daten; 7. Einrichtung einer unabhängigen Clearingstelle als Anlauf- und Beschwerdestelle, die Weisungen und
Rügen zur Veröffentlichung von Daten erteilen kann.
Verwaltungsdaten heißen nicht so, weil sie der Verwaltung gehören, sondern weil diese sie verwaltet.
Verwaltungsdaten zu öffnen ist nur dann überhaupt von Nutzen, wenn eine Nachnutzung uneingeschränkt möglich ist und aktiv gefördert wird. Entsprechend sollte die Plattform eine Vorbildfunktion haben, indem sie die Unterstützung all jener, auf deren Nachnutzung gebaut wird, auch gewinnt. Das wird sie nur, wenn sie sich mit
anderen Portalen in Bezug auf Bedienung, Schnittstellen, Sicherheit, Barrierefreiheit und eben auch hinsichtlich Offenheit messen lassen kann. Noch sind wir weit von diesem Zustand entfernt, weshalb der derzeitige Ansatz nicht die Unterstützung der “Community” findet.
Mit freundlichen Grüßen, Vertreter der “Open-Data-Community Deutschland”
Weitere unbedingt lesenswerte Beitrage: 11. Januar 2013: Wikimedia - Urheberrecht: Zwei neue Open Data-Lizenzen aus dem Innenministerium 12. Januar 2013: E-Demokratie.org: Open Data Lizenzmodell des BMI führt zur “inhaltlichen Entwertung des Begriffes Open Data” 2. Februar 2013: openeverything.eu: Weiter Unklarheiten beim GovData Portal Deutschland 5. Februar 2013: Netzpolitik.org: Kein Open Data-Portal im Bund 6. Februar 2013: Offenes Köln Blog: Zur GovData Plattform von Bund und Ländern
Was du tun kannst? Klicke hier und unterzeichne auch du die Erklärung und/oder verbreiten sie:
via [ Facebook | Twitter | Google+ ]
Die 12 Erstunterzeichner und Autoren: Daniel Dietrich, Open Knowledge Foudation Deutschland e.V., Vorstandsvorsitzender
Daniel Lentfer, Mitinitiator des Hamburgischen Transparenzgesetzes
Mathias Schindler, Wikimedia Deutschland e. V.
John Weitzmann, Creative Commons Deutschland, Legal Project Lead
Boris Hekele, abgeordnetenwatch.de/Parlamentwatch e.V., Mitgründer
Lavinia Steiner, Digitale Gesellschaft e. V., stellvertretende Vorstandsvorsitzende
Markus Beckedahl, netzpolitik.org
Christian Heise, Open Knowledge Foundation Deutschland e.V., Initiative E-Demokratie.org
Christian Horchert, Open Data Network e.V., stellvertretender Vorstandsvorsitzender
Sören Auer, Koordinator des EU-Forschungsprojektes zu Linked Open Data LOD2
Michael Hirdes, Chaos Computer Club e.V.
Holger Drewes, opendata-showroom.org
Weitere Unterzeichner ( 834 Unterzeichner bisher – auch du kannst hier unterzeichnen! Jens Best, Wikimedia Deutschland e.V.
… / ……………………………………………………………
Frank Hoffmann, IGN e.V. / Intern. Eurasian Academy of Sciences
Patrick Blume, Mitglied Die Grünen/Bündnis 90
André König
Arne Westphal
Andreas Malek, St. Pauli Nationalpark
Knorr
Marcel Ernst, Mitglied bei Bündnis 90/Die Grünen
Jörn Pohl, Bündnis 90/Die Grünen
Markus Stürmer
Mark Tümpfel
Marek Strassenburg-Kleciak
André Riedel
Malte Spitz, Parteirat, BÜNDNIS 90/DIE GRÜNEN ( # 834 as per 25.04.2014 )
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Freely available information has the power to make and save money and enhance our daily life, says
Nigel Shadbolt of the Open Data Institute
Editorial: "Don't let internet firms hoard the wealth of big data"
Organisations making their data available to all seems "nice", but does it have real value?
It has real social and economic value. Big firms are realising they don't employ all the world's smart people, and small, agile companies are using open data to create services that people really want.
Why did you set up the Open Data Institute? Tim Berners-Lee and I wanted to support, encourage and build the demand for open data, to show people the potential for innovating with it.
The institute is a year old. How is it doing? We're leading the world. We are launching 10 international nodes – the idea is to franchise institutes that sign up to a set of principles and standards. We also develop training and data standards, help organisations publish better open data and have launched a data-quality certificate. And we are incubating 10 start-up companies.
What kind of things do these start-ups do? Our first success was with data analytics company Mastadon C, which used public information to look at doctors' prescribing habits for cholesterol-lowering drugs. They found that by switching from brand names to generic drugs, doctors could save the NHS more than £200 million a year.
Have you looked at other public resources? Another start-up, Placr, is unifying timetables and live departure and disruption information for UK bus, rail, underground, ferry and tram services. It uses feeds from many organisations to provide an app for travellers and services for local authorities. A recent review in London – where Transport for London has made lots of its data open – showed that millions of journeys are being altered to avoid disruptions on the basis of this information. Time savings alone add up to £58 million a year.
Is there a danger of creating more big companies that will turn into monopolies? We want companies that use open data to make money, and they will try to defend their patches. But if we leave the data open, others can exploit it too. Nobody can own or monopolise the data. I think we can make more money and create more benefit by making data open, and I'm sure we will even dislodge a few monopolies along the way.
How would that work? For example, Dun & Bradstreet is a world leader in selling corporate intelligence. The information mostly comes from public databases. Our start-up OpenCorporates has created an open database of 49 million companies and the links between them. It is an amazing resource, and it's free.
How much impact can open data have?
We're at an inflection point. Data once guarded for assumed but untested reasons is now open, and we're seeing benefits. We know where peer-to-peer lenders are putting their money, and from police data we are learning which crimes happen where. Organisations get efficiency gains and more innovation, and transparency builds trust. Open data represents a major change, but in many areas it could become the new default.
• This article appeared in print under the headline "Time to let it all out"
Read more: "Open data projects are life-savers in developing countries"
Profile: [ Nigel Shadbolt ] is professor of Artificial Iintelligence at the University of Southampton, UK, and chairman of the non-profit [ Open Data Institute ] in London, which he launched a year ago with web inventor Tim Berners-Lee
Press Release: “Big data and open data“ are not just trendy issues, they are the concern of the government institutions at the highest level.
On January 29th, 2014 a Conference concerning Big & Open Data in Europe 2020 was held in the European Parliament. Questions were asked and discussed like: Is Big & Open Data a truly transformative phenomena or just a ‘hot air’? Does it matter for Europe? How big is the economic potential of Big and Open Data for Europe till 2020? How each of the 28 Member States may benefit from it?…
The conference complemented a research project by demosEUROPA – Centre for European Strategy on Big and Open Data in Europe that aims at fostering and facilitating policy debate on the socioeconomic impact of data. The key outcome of the project, a pan-European macroeconomic study titled
• “Big and open data In Europe: A growth engine or a missed opportunity?”
carried out by the Warsaw Institute for Economic Studies (WISE) was presented.
We have the pleasure to be one of the first to present some of the findings of the report and offer the report for download.
The report analyses how technologies have the potential to influence various aspects of the European society, about their substantial, long term impact on our wealth and quality of life, but also about the new developmental challenges for the EU as a whole – as well as for its member states and their regions.
You will learn from the report:
- the resulting economic gains of business applications of big data - how to structure big data to move from Big Trouble to Big Value - the costs and benefits of opening data to holders - 3 challenges that Europeans face with respect to big and open data - key areas, growth opportunities and challenges for big and open data in Europe per particular
regions.
The study also elaborates on the key principle of open data philosophy, which is open by default.
Europe by 2020. What will happen?
The report contains a prognosis for the 28 countries from the EU about the impact of big and open data from 2020 and its additional output and how it will affect trade, health, manufacturing, information and communication, finance & insurance and public administration in different regions. It foresees that the EU economy will grow by 1.9% by 2020 thanks to big and open data and describes the increase of the general GDP level by countries and sectors.
One of the many interesting findings of the report is that the positive impact of the data revolution will be felt more acutely in Northern Europe, while most of the New Member States and Southern European economies will benefit significantly less, with two notable exceptions being the Czech Republic and Poland. If you would like to have first-hand up-to-date information about the impact of big and open data on the future of Europe – download the report.”
Open Data is one of the most powerful tools that governments have to engage their citizens. Data about government operations can increase transparency and accountability; regulatory data helps make markets more efficient; and Open Data of many kinds can be a resource for business development, a trend we’re studying through the Open Data 500. Next week, several of us from The GovLab will be in London for conferences held by the Open Data Institute and the Open Government Partnership, and other meetings on Open Government and Open Data.
In the run-up to this week of international meetings, a new group called the Global Open Data Initiative has released an “open data declaration” and asked for public comment by November 8. The GODI is run by a number of civil society organizations that hope to help shape Open Data policy worldwide. By commenting on the declaration, you can also have an impact on the future of Open Data work.
The declaration has seven key statements about how Open Data should be run:
Make data open by default
Put the users first
Provide no-cost access
Put accountability at the core
Invest in capacity
Improve the quality of official data
Enact legal and political reforms to create more open, transparent and participatory government
These are all significant recommendations, coming at a critical time in the development of Open Data policy. Check out the declaration, add your comments, and help develop the Open Data movement worldwide.
On April 8, the GovLab made two significant announcements. At an open data event in Washington, DC, I was pleased to announce the official launch of the Open Data 500, our study of 500 companies that use open government data as a key business resource. We also announced that the GovLab is now planning a series of Open Data Roundtables to bring together government agencies with the businesses that use their data – and that five federal agencies have agreed to participate. Video of the event, which was hosted by the Center for Data Innovation, is available here.
The Open Data 500, funded by the John S. and James L. Knight Foundation, is the first comprehensive study of U.S.-based companies that rely on open government data. Our website at OpenData500.comincludes searchable, sortable information on 500 of these
companies. Our data about them comes fromresponses to a survey we’ve sent to all the companies (190 have responded) and what we’ve been able to learn from research using public information. Anyone can now explore this website, read about specific companies or groups of companies, or download our data to analyze it. The website features an interactive tool on the home page, the Open Data Compass, that shows the connections between government agencies and different categories of companies visually.
We began work on the Open Data 500 study last fall with three goals. First, we wanted to collect information that will ultimately help calculate the economic value of open data – an important question for policymakers and others. Second, we wanted to present examples of open data companies to inspire others to use this important government resource in new ways. And third – and perhaps most important – we’ve hoped that our work will be a first step in creating a dialogue between the government agencies that provide open data and the companies that use it.
That dialogue is critically important to make government open data more accessible and useful. While open government data is a huge potential resource, and federal agencies are working to make it more available, it’s too often trapped in legacy systems that make the data difficult to find and to use. To solve this problem, we plan to connect agencies to their clients in the business community and help them work together to find and liberate the most valuable datasets.
We now plan to convene and facilitate a series of Open Data Roundtables – a new approach to bringing businesses and government agencies together. In these Roundtables, which will be informed by the Open Data 500 study, companies and the agencies that provide their data will come together in structured, results-oriented meetings that we will facilitate. We hope to help figure out what can be done to make the most valuable datasets more available and usable quickly.
We’ve been gratified by the immediate positive response to our plan from several federal agencies. The Department of Commerce has committed to help plan and participate in the first of our Roundtables, now being scheduled for May. By the time we announced our launch on April 8, the Departments of Labor, Transportation, and Treasury had also signed up. And at the end of the launch event, the Deputy Chief Information Officer of the USDA publicly committed her agency to participate as well.
Mark Doms, Under Secretary of Commerce, led off our launch event and expressed his Department’s commitment to this process. “The Department of Commerce is very excited by the Open Data 500 study and we see it as confirmation of something we have believed all along: that improving our ability to package and disseminate our enormous data assets can enable America’s businesses to be more innovative, our governments smarter, and our citizens more informed,” he said in a statement. “We are thrilled to be working with the GovLab on the upcoming Roundtables and to learn firsthand what we can do to make our data more valuable and accessible.”
This week has brought a lot of positive attention for our work, which you can read here, and companies have contacted us to ask how they can participate. The Open Data 500 is a living resource; the GovLab will update, extend, and deepen its findings continually, and will build the list to include more companies as needed. Businesses that wish to be included in the study can fill out the information found on hereOpenData500.com. We look forward to working with companies and government agencies alike to continue to make open government data a more powerful resource for business and society.
BIG DATA AND OPEN DATA: WHAT'S WHAT AND WHY DOES IT MATTER? Both types of data can transform the world, but when government turns big data into open data
Big data and the new phenomenon open data are closely related but they're not the same. Open data brings a perspective that can make big data more useful, more democratic, and less threatening. While big data is defined by size, open data is defined by its use. Big data is the term used to describe very large, complex, rapidly-changing datasets. But those judgments are subjective and dependent on technology: today's big data may not seem so big in a few years when data analysis and computing technology improve. Open data is accessible public data that people, companies, and organisations can use to launch new ventures, analyse patterns and trends, make data-driven decisions, and solve complex problems. All definitions of open data include two basic features: the data must be publicly available for anyone to use, and it must be licensed in a way that allows for its reuse. Open data should also be relatively easy to use, although there are gradations of "openness". And there's general agreement that open data should be available free of charge or at minimal cost.
This Venn diagram maps the relationship between big data and open data, and how they relate to the broad concept of open government. There are a few important points to note:
GI2014 – GI/GIS/GDI – Forum
Open GeoData Movement in Europe of Regions 14. Grenzüberschreitendes Sächsisches GIS – Forum am 29./30. April 2014 in Dresden
Sustainability & Interoperability of Open GEODATA Movement – Open Data & License Policy for Europe of Regions
Big data that's not open is not democratic: Section one of the diagram includes all kinds of big data that is kept from the public – like the data that large retailers hold on their customers, or national security data like that collected by the NSA. This kind of big data gives an advantage to the people who control it but may disempower the rest of us. It's this kind of big data that has become most controversial. Open data doesn't have to be big data to matter: Modest amounts of data, as shown in section four, can have a big impact when it is made public. Data from local governments, for example, can help citizens participate in local budgeting, choose healthcare, analyse the quality of local services, or build apps that help people navigate public transport. Big, open data doesn't have to come from government: This is shown in section three. More and more scientists are sharing their research in astronomy, genomics, and other areas in a new, collaborative research model. Other researchers are using big data collected from social media – most of which is open to the public – to analyse public opinion and market trends. But, when the government turns big data into open data, it's especially powerful: Government agencies have the capacity and funds to gather very large amounts of data (such as the US examples in section six), and opening up those datasets can have major economic benefits. I now direct the [ Open Data 500 study ] at the [ GovLab ] at New York University. We've found 500 examples of US-based companies that are building their businesses on open government data, and much of that data is big data as well. We're now planning to work with [ Open Data Institute ] to replicate our study in the UK, and I expect to find the same pattern. Applying open data principles to big data can help solve some of the difficult issues that big data has raised. The biggest threat to public wellbeing is the risk that private, personal data can be collected and used as big data in ways the subjects of the data – namely, all of us – may not want or approve of. Paradoxically, opening up this sensitive data, in a specific and controlled way, may actually make it more secure. The problem now is not only that government agencies and some businesses are collecting personal data about all of us; it's also that we as individuals don't know what's being collected and don't have access to the information about ourselves. If we knew more, we could control more. The UK government's [ midata initiative ] which has encouraged businesses to share customer records with customers themselves, is part of the solution. Similar US programmes, such as Blue Button for health records and Green Button for energy usage data, are also having a positive effect. Both - big data and open data - can transform business, government, and society – and a combination of the two is especially potent. Big data gives us unprecedented power to understand, analyse, and ultimately change the world we live in. Open data ensures that power will be shared – and that the world we change will, with luck, become a fairer and more democratic one.
A Citizens’ Call to Action on Open Data SOURCE [ http://globalopendatainitiative.org/declaration/ ]
NOTE: We invite the public to comment on this declaration in this commentable version of the text below, please add your thoughts… See also the Declaration announcement blog post.
Preamble
Governments exist “by and for the people”. The data they collect (or fund others to collect) in the course of carrying out their statutory duties also belongs to the people, and in the 21st century it is fast becoming one of the most valuable public goods we have – yet it often remains inaccessible or unaffordable to the vast majority. The Global Open Data Initiative aims to make Government data openly available to all – available for anyone, anywhere to download, use, re-use and redistribute without charge for any purpose.
We welcome government and multi-stakeholder efforts to advance open government data, and we seek to contribute to their success. However, to ensure that such efforts deliver real and sustained benefits for citizens, it is essential that civil society comes to the table with its own strong vision, ideals and demands. The Global Open Data Initiative seeks to engage and unite as broad a civil society constituency in a shared vision of the role of open data in accountable, inclusive and participatory governance.
In a well-functioning democratic society, citizens need to know what their government is doing. To do that, they must be able freely to access government data and information and to share that information with other citizens. Citizens’ core right to open government data arises from its increasingly critical role in enabling us to hold our governments accountable for fulfilling their obligations, and to play an informed and active role in decisions that affect us.
In addition, opening up government data creates new opportunities for SMEs and entrepreneurs, drives improved efficiency within government, and advances scientific progress. The initial costs (including any lost revenue from licenses and access charges) will be repaid many times over by the growth of knowledge and innovative data-driven businesses and services that create jobs, deliver social value and boost GDP.
We call on governments everywhere to take measurable, time-bound steps to:
1) Make data open by default: Government data should be open by default, and this principle should ultimately be entrenched in law. Open means that data should be freely available for use, reuse and redistribution by anyone for any purpose and should be provided in a machine-readable form (specifically it should be open data as defined by the Open Definition and in line with the 10 Open Data Principles).
Government information management (including procurement requirements and research funding, IT management, and the design of new laws, policies and procedures) should be reformed as necessary to ensure that such systems have built-in features enusuring that open data can be released without additional effort.
Non-compliance, or poor data quality, should not be used as an excuse for non-publication of existing data.
Governments should adopt intellectual property and copyright policies that encourage unrestricted public reuse and analysis of government data.
2) Make the process people-centered (or “put the users first”): Experience shows that open data flounders without a strong user community, and the best way to build such a community is by involving users from the very start in designing and developing open data systems.
Within government: The different branches of government themselves (including the legislature and judiciary, as well as different agencies and line ministries within the executive) stand to gain important benefits from sharing and combining their data. Successful open data initiatives create buy-in and cultural change within government by establishing cross-departmental working groups or other structures that allow officials the space they need to create reliable, permanent, ambitious open data policies.
Beyond government: Civil society groups and businesses should be considered equal stakeholders alongside internal government actors. Agencies leading on open data should involve and consult these stakeholders – including technologists, journalists, NGOs, legislators, other governments, academics and researchers, private industry, and independent members of the public – at every stage in the process.
Stakeholders both inside and outside government should be fully involved in identifying priority datasets and designing related initiatives that can help to address key social or economic problems, foster entrepreneurship and create jobs. Government should support and facilitate the critical role of both private sector and public service intermediaries in making data useful.
3) Provide no-cost access: One of the greatest barriers to access to ostensibly publicly-available information is the cost imposed on the public for access–even when the cost is minimal. Most government information is collected for governmental purposes, and the existence of user fees has little to no effect on whether the government gathers the data in the first place.
Governments should remove fees for access, which skew the pool of who is willing (or able) to access information and preclude transformative uses of the data that in turn generates business growth and tax revenues.
Governments should also minimise the indirect cost of using and re-using data by adopting commonly owned, non-proprietary (or “open”) formats that allow potential users to access the data without the need to pay for a proprietary software license.
Such open formats and standards should be commonly adopted across departments and agencies to harmonise the way information is published, reducing the transaction costs of accessing, using and combining data.
4) Put accountability at the core: Open Data needs to mean more than selective release of the datasets that are easiest or most comfortable for governments to open. It should empower citizens to hold government accountable for the performance of its core functions and obligations.
At a minimum, governments should release datasets that are fundamental to citizen-state accountability and underlie key policy debates and decisions, including: (TBD list of data priorities goes here)
Governments should create comprehensive indices of existing government data sets, whether published or not, as a foundation for new transparency policies, to empower public scrutiny of information management, and to enable policymakers to identify gaps in existing data creation and collection.
GI2014 – GI/GIS/GDI – Forum
Open GeoData Movement in Europe of Regions 14. Grenzüberschreitendes Sächsisches GIS – Forum am 29./30. April 2014 in Dresden
Sustainability & Interoperability of Open GEODATA Movement – Open Data & License Policy for Europe of Regions
5) Invest in capacity: Governments should start with initiatives and requirements that are appropriate to their own current capacity to create and release credible data, and that complement the current capacity of key stakeholders to analyze and reuse it. At the same time, in order to unlock the full social, political and economic benefits of open data, all stakeholders should invest in rapidly broadening and deepening capacity.
Governments and their development partners need to invest in making data simple to navigate and understand, available in all national languages, and accessible through appropriate channels such as mobile phone platforms where appropriate.
Governments and their development partners should support training for officials, SMEs and CSOs to tackle lack of data and web skills, and should make complementary investments in improving the quality and timeliness of government statistics.
6) Improve the quality of official data: Poor quality, coverage and timeliness of government information – including administrative and sectoral data, geospatial data, and survey data – is a major barrier to unlocking the full value of open data.
Governments should develop plans to implement the Paris21 2011 Busan Action Plan, which calls for increased resources for statistical and information systems, tackling important gaps and weaknesses (including the lack of gender disaggregation in key datasets), and fully integrating statistics into decision-making.
Governments should bring their statistical efforts into line with international data standards and schemas, to facilitate reuse and analysis across various jurisdictions.
Private firms and NGOs that collect data which could be used alongside government statistics to solve public problems in areas such as disease control, disaster relief, urban planning, etc. should enter into partnerships to make this data available to government agencies and the public without charge, in fully anonymized form and subject to robust privacy protections.
7) Enact legal and political reforms to create more open, transparent and participatory governance: Open government data cannot do its job in an environment of secrecy, fear and repression. Creating and defending open and participatory forms of governance is an ongoing challenge that requires constant work, scrutiny and engagement and there is no country that can claim to have perfected it.
Governments should uphold basic rights to freedom of expression, information and association, and implement robust safeguards for personal privacy, as outlined in the UN Covenant on Civil and Political Rights.
In addition, in line with their commitments in the UN Millennium Declaration (2000) and the Declaration of the Open Government Partnership (2011), they should take concrete steps to tackle gaps in participation, inclusion, integrity and transparency in governance, creating momentum and legitimacy for reform through public dialogue and consensus.
We invite the public to comment on this declaration in this commentable version of the text above,
17.03.2014: More info: [ http://www.smartopendata.eu/sites/default/files/SmartOpenData%20Leaflet_0.pdf ]
SmartOpenData will create a Linked Open Data infrastructure (including software tools and data) fed by public and freely available data resources, existing sources for biodiversity and environment protection and research in rural and European protected areas and its National Parks.
This will provide opportunities for SMEs to generate new innovative products and services that can lead to new businesses in the environmental, regional decision-making and policy areas among others. The value of the data will be greatly enhanced by making it available through a common query language that gives access to related datasets available in the linked open data cloud.
The commonality of data structure and query language will overcome the monolingual nature of typical datasets, making them available in multiple languages.
Background and motivation
Linked Open Data is becoming a source of unprecedented visibility for environmental data that will enable the generation of new businesses as well as a significant advance for research in the environmental area. Nevertheless, in order for this envisioned strategy to become a reality, it is necessary to advance the publication of existing environmental data, most of which is owned by public bodies.
This project is focused on how Linked Open Data can be applied generally to spatial data resource and specifically to public open data portals, GEOSS Data-CORE, GMES, INSPIRE and voluntary data (OpenStreetMap, GEPWIKI, etc.), and how it can impact on the economic and sustainability progress in European Environment research and Biodiversity Protection.
There exist many different information sources for protecting biodiversity and environmental research in Europe -in coastal zones, agricultural areas, forestry, etc.-, mainly focused on the Natura 2000 network, and areas where environmental protection and activities like agriculture, forestry or tourism need to be balanced with the Habitats Directive and the European Charter for Sustainable Tourism in Protected Areas. Nevertheless, the economic value of these areas is still largely unknown.
SmartOpenData will define mechanisms for acquiring, adapting and using Open Data provided by existing sources directly involved in the project for biodiversity and environment protection in rural and European protected areas and its National Parks.
Through target pilots in these areas, the project will (i) harmonise geospatial metadata (ISO19115/19119 based) with principles of Semantic Web, (ii) provide spatial data fusion introducing principles of Linked Open Data, (iii) improve spatial data visualisation of Geospatial Linked Open Data and (iv) publish the resulting information according to user requirements and Linked Open Data principles to provide new opportunities for SMEs.
The project will reuse existing European Spatial Data Infrastructures (SDI), based on INSPIRE, GMES and GEOSS (Free Pan European Data Sets like CLC, Natura 2000, Habitats, Plan4all, Plan4bussines, EnviroGRIDS, Brisedie, GEOSS registries, national INSPIRE portals, thematic portals like National Forestry portals together with local and regional data) and will extend it using Linked Open Data. Research and Development Partners will provide extension of current INPIRE/GMES/GEOS based Spatial Data Infrastructure.
The SMEs involved will develop new services based on this data and research on biodiversity. Environmental Agencies and National Parks will benefit by improving their knowledge of their biodiversity, maintenance and protection. Public bodies, researchers, companies and European citizens will take a central role in user-driven pilots developed to enhance the potential of protected areas. Innovation by third party SMEs will be encouraged by the promotion of royalty-free open standards and best practices generated, initiated or simply highlighted by SmartOpenData.
Open public data resources for re-use is one of the key priorities of the Digital Agenda for Europe. Data available in public European organisations have an enormous potential economic growth. Nevertheless, finding and accessing environmental information isnÔÇÖt always straightforward1. The project will make spatial data easier to discover and use, having a positive impact on the public and standard availability of data according to the Linked Open Data Strategy for the purpose of environmental information.
The target pilots will involve SMEs focusing on human activities (forestry, tourism, agriculture) in rural and protected areas such as National Parks and coastal zones. This availability will allow the addressing of globally environmental issues that are not affordable at this moment in terms of costs, efficiency and sustainability.
Vision and goal
The vision of the SmartOpenData project is that environmental and geospatial data concerning rural and protected areas can be more readily available and re-usable, better linked with data without direct geospatial reference so different distributed data sources could be easily combined together. SmartOpenData will use the power of Linked Open Data to foster innovation within the rural economy and increase efficiency in the management of the countryside. The project will prove this in a variety of pilot programmes in different parts of Europe.
The SmartOpenData goal is making INSPIRE/GMES/GEOSS infrastructure better available for citizens, but also mainly for SME developers. On one hand, Europe and EU invest hundreds of millions of Euros in building the INSPIRE infrastructure. On the other hand, most of European SMEs and citizens use for their applications Google maps. National and regional SDIs offer information which is not available on Google, but this potential is not used. One of the main goals of SmartOpenData is making European Spatial Data easily re-usable not only by GIS experts but also by SMEs.
In order to support Open Data Strategy for Europe and increase re-use of open public data from the European Commission, SmartOpenData will use where possible data and services from EC Open Data Portal2. In addition, any application built on this data source will be registered on this portal3. Same initiative is ongoing on national level, where SmartOpenData participants will try to disseminate the project outcomes in the same way.
This Project has been funded by European Commission’s 7th Framework Programme unter Nr. 603824
Czech Project partners in the EU Consortium [ CCSS ] & [ HSRS ] & [ UHUL ] SOURCE [ http://www.SmartOpenData.eu/ ]
Bundesrat verabschiedet Open Government Data-Strategie Schweiz (2014 – 2018)
Bern, 16.04.2014 - Der Bundesrat hat an seiner heutigen Sitzung die Open Government Data-Strategie Schweiz 2014 – 2018 verabschiedet. Mit der Bereitstellung von Behördendaten zur freien Wiederverwendung können der Wirtschaft Rohdaten zu innovativen Geschäftsmodellen zur Verfügung gestellt sowie die Transparenz der Verwaltungstätigkeiten gefördert und die verwaltungsinterne Effizienz gesteigert werden.
Das Informatiksteuerungsorgan des Bundes (ISB) hat am 13. September 2013 vom Bundesrat den Auftrag erhalten, zusammen mit dem Bundesarchiv und der Bundeskanzlei eine schweizerische OGD-Strategie zu erarbeiten und die Weiterentwicklung von Open Government Data (OGD) zu koordinieren. Diesem Auftrag wurde gemeinsam mit dem Bundesarchiv in Zusammenarbeit mit weiteren Bundesstellen, Kantonen, Gemeinden sowie Vertretern der Wirtschaft und der Wissenschaft Folge geleistet. Die vorliegende OGD-Strategie zeigt den Nutzen der freien Bereitstellung von Behördendaten auf und bestimmt die Ausrichtung der Tätigkeiten der Bundesverwaltung zur Umsetzung von OGD bis 2018.
Nutzen von OGD und Ziele der OGD-Strategie Schweiz
Der Bundesrat will mit der Etablierung von OGD die Entwicklung der Informationsgesellschaft vorantreiben und die Schweiz in der globalen Informationswirtschaft positionieren. Offene Behördendaten erlauben es innovativen Unternehmen, neue Informationsdienstleistungen zu entwickeln. Sie liefern der wissenschaftlichen Forschung Grundlagen und erlauben Bürgerinnen und Bürger, Parteien und Medien dank OGD einen transparenteren Einblick in die Tätigkeit von Regierung und Verwaltung.
Ziel der OGD-Strategie Schweiz ist, die Behördendaten der Öffentlichkeit in maschinenlesbaren und offenen Formaten zur freien Wiederverwendung zur Verfügung zu stellen. Im Vordergrund stehen zum Beispiel Daten aus den Bereichen Wetter, Geoinformation, Statistiken, Verkehr, Kriminalität, Umwelt und Energie der Schweiz. Die rechtlichen, organisatorischen, finanziellen und technischen Rahmenbedingungen der Datenproduktion in den einzelnen Verwaltungseinheiten sollen überprüft und wo nötig angepasst werden. Die Bereitstellung und Publikation ist über eine zentrale Infrastruktur, über ein nationales OGD-Portal, abzuwickeln. Die Verwendung der Daten soll durch freie, einheitliche und verständliche Nutzungsbedingungen sowie Zusatzinformationen zu den einzelnen Datensätzen, die das inhaltliche und technische Verständnis der Daten erleichtern, unterstützt werden.
Umsetzung der OGD-Strategie Schweiz
Die Umsetzung der OGD-Strategie wird in den zuständigen Departementen und Bundesstellen sichergestellt. Unter der Federführung des Informatiksteuerungsorgan des Bundes (ISB) werden bis Ende 2014 die Arbeiten am Detailkonzept und die Vorbereitung der Strategieumsetzung abgeschlossen. Die Massnahmen zur Umsetzung von OGD werden ab 2015 durch das Bundesarchiv zentral koordiniert. Sowohl die Kantone und Gemeinden als auch die OGD-Community und die Wirtschaft werden in den Umsetzungsprozess einbezogen. Die Zusammenarbeit zwischen den föderalen Ebenen wird in einem Kooperationsmodell definiert. Die Veröffentlichung der verschiedenen Datensammlungen soll etappenweise und in Abstimmung mit den Daten-Eignern und den potentiellen OGD-Anwendern angegangen werden. Die Zusammenarbeit mit weiteren Institutionen aus dem öffentlichen Sektor wird geprüft. Das OGD-Pilotportal opendata.admin.ch wird mit dem Ziel weiterentwickelt, dass es zukünftig als nationale Infrastruktur für die Veröffentlichung von Behördendaten eingesetzt werden kann.
Adresse für Rückfragen:
Stephan Röthlisberger, Geschäftsstelle E-Government Schweiz, Informatiksteuerungsorgan des Bundes ISB Tel. +41 31 324 79 21, [email protected]
Herausgeber:
Der Bundesrat - Internet: http://www.bundesrat.admin.ch/
Global conference delivers momentum for reform of how INTERNET is run
European Commission - STATEMENT/14/138 25/04/2014
EUROPEAN COMMISSION
STATEMENT
Global conference delivers momentum for reform of how INTERNET is run On behalf of the European Commission, Vice-President Neelie Kroes welcomes the outcome of the NETmundial conference on Internet Governance in Sao Paulo, Brazil. Speaking on her return, Neelie Kroes said: "Netmundial has put us on the right track. The concluding declaration adopted by acclamation proves that a global multistakeholder approach can produce concrete outcomes. I will continue to push all parties in the coming months, based on the Sao Paulo Multistakeholder Declaration, to deliver on the concrete actions identified. We now have a clear set of issues that must be addressed to strengthen and refine models for internet governance.
All stakeholders have important contributions to make to the future of the internet." Vice-President Kroes also warmly congratulated the Government of Brazil, and especially President Dilma Rousseff for their successful initiative, as well as those who worked hard for this success: the Brazilian Internet Steering Committee (CGI) and the One-Net Initiative; the Chairs, Co-Chairs, committees and all those who have contributed their time and energy to the success of NETmundial.
The outcome document of NETmundial is an important step for internet governance reform. It sets out a clear set of principles to be worked on and refined as the basis for Internet Governance. They must underpin human rights and ensure transparent and accountable structures that are globalised to ensure all communities are included. The Declaration also sets out a roadmap of actions that need further development through 2014-2015 which is a particularly welcome outcome from this conference from the perspective of the European Commission.
European stakeholders will spend the coming months elaborating recommendations, commitments and proposals that will contribute to concrete reforms of how the internet is run.
Vice-President Kroes concluded: "These two days have been a learning experience for all who are committed to globalising internet governance. Global multi-stakeholder discussions are not easy but they are important for fostering the open internet. The internet is now a global resource demanding global governance. We congratulate all parties who contributed to that objective."
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Open Data Commons – Attribution License “Attribution for Data/Databases”
Human-readable summary Full legal text of current version (v1.0)
How to Apply Insert prominently in all relevant locations a statement such as (replacing {DATA(BASE)-NAME} with the name of your data/database):
This {DATA(BASE)-NAME} is made available under the Open Data Commons Attribution License: http://opendatacommons.org/licenses/by/{version}.
Notes 1. Local copy of the license: An alternative to using the url link is to keep a local copy of the license text in
your project. In that case you should update the above notice to point to your local copy of the license within the project files.
2. Use your own license for the Contents. You are welcome to apply your own specific license to the contents of the database. To do this just add a the second sentence with information about the license you wish to use.
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Preamble The Open Data Commons – Public Domain Dedication & Licence is a document intended to allow you to freely share, modify, and use this work for any purpose and without any restrictions. This licence is intended for use on databases or their contents (“data”), either together or individually. Many databases are covered by copyright. Some jurisdictions, mainly in Europe, have specific special rights that cover databases called the “sui generis” database right. Both of these sets of rights, as well as other legal rights used to protect databases and data, can create uncertainty or practical difficulty for those wishing to share databases and their underlying data but retain a limited amount of rights under a “some rights reserved” approach to licensing as outlined in the Science Commons Protocol for Implementing Open Access Data. As a result, this waiver and licence tries to the fullest extent possible to eliminate or fully license any rights that cover this database and data. Any Community Norms or similar statements of use of the database or data do not form a part of this document, and do not act as a contract for access or other terms of use for the database or data.
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GI2014 – GI/GIS/GDI – Forum
Open GeoData Movement in Europe of Regions 14. Grenzüberschreitendes Sächsisches GIS – Forum am 29./30. April 2014 in Dresden
Sustainability & Interoperability of Open GEODATA Movement – Open Data & License Policy for Europe of Regions
can also apply when the Data is removed from the Database and is selected and arranged in a way that would not infringe any applicable copyright. 2.3 Rights not covered. a. This Document does not apply to computer programs used in the making or operation of the Database; b. This Document does not cover any patents over the Data or the Database. Please see Section 4.2 later in this Document for further details; and c. This Document does not cover any trade marks associated with the Database. Please see Section 4.3 later in this Document for further details. Users of this Database are cautioned that they may have to clear other rights or consult other licences. 2.4 Facts are free. The Rightsholder takes the position that factual information is not covered by Copyright. This Document however covers the Work in jurisdictions that may protect the factual information in the Work by Copyright, and to cover any information protected by Copyright that is contained in the Work.
Part II: Dedication to the public domain 3.0 Dedication, waiver, and licence of Copyright and Database Rights 3.1 Dedication of Copyright and Database Rights to the public domain. The Rightsholder by using this Document, dedicates the Work to the public domain for the benefit of the public and relinquishes all rights in Copyright and Database Rights over the Work. a. The Rightsholder realises that once these rights are relinquished, that the Rightsholder has no further rights in Copyright and Database Rights over the Work, and that the Work is free and open for others to Use. b. The Rightsholder intends for their relinquishment to cover all present and future rights in the Work under Copyright and Database Rights, whether they are vested or contingent rights, and that this relinquishment of rights covers all their heirs and successors. The above relinquishment of rights applies worldwide and includes media and formats now known or created in the future. 3.2 Waiver of rights and claims in Copyright and Database Rights when Section 3.1 dedication inapplicable. If the dedication in Section 3.1 does not apply in the relevant jurisdiction under Section 6.4, the Rightsholder waives any rights and claims that the Rightsholder may have or acquire in the future over the Work in: a. Copyright; and b. Database Rights. To the extent possible in the relevant jurisdiction, the above waiver of rights and claims applies worldwide and includes media and formats now known or created in the future. The Rightsholder agrees not to assert the above rights and waives the right to enforce them over the Work. 3.3 Licence of Copyright and Database Rights when Sections 3.1 and 3.2 inapplicable. If the dedication and waiver in Sections 3.1 and 3.2 does not apply in the relevant jurisdiction under Section 6.4, the Rightsholder and You agree as follows: a. The Licensor grants to You a worldwide, royalty-free, non-exclusive, licence to Use the Work for the duration of any applicable Copyright and Database Rights. These rights explicitly include commercial use, and do not exclude any field of endeavour. To the extent possible in the relevant jurisdiction, these rights may be exercised in all media and formats whether now known or created in the future. 3.4 Moral rights. This section covers moral rights, including the right to be identified as the author of the Work or to object to treatment that would otherwise prejudice the author’s honour and reputation, or any other derogatory treatment: a. For jurisdictions allowing waiver of moral rights, Licensor waives all moral rights that Licensor may have in the Work to the fullest extent possible by the law of the relevant jurisdiction under Section 6.4; b. If waiver of moral rights under Section 3.4 a in the relevant jurisdiction is not possible, Licensor agrees not to assert any moral rights over the Work and waives all claims in moral rights to the fullest extent possible by the law of the relevant jurisdiction under Section 6.4; and c. For jurisdictions not allowing waiver or an agreement not to assert moral rights under Section 3.4 a and b, the author may retain their moral rights over the copyrighted aspects of the Work.
GI2014 – GI/GIS/GDI – Forum
Open GeoData Movement in Europe of Regions 14. Grenzüberschreitendes Sächsisches GIS – Forum am 29./30. April 2014 in Dresden
Sustainability & Interoperability of Open GEODATA Movement – Open Data & License Policy for Europe of Regions
Please note that some jurisdictions do not allow for the waiver of moral rights, and so moral rights may still subsist over the work in some jurisdictions.
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5.0 Warranties, disclaimer, and limitation of liability
5.1 The Work is provided by the Rightsholder “as is” and without any warranty of any kind, either express or implied, whether of title, of accuracy or completeness, of the presence of absence of errors, of fitness for purpose, or otherwise. Some jurisdictions do not allow the exclusion of implied warranties, so this exclusion may not apply to You. 5.2 Subject to any liability that may not be excluded or limited by law, the Rightsholder is not liable for, and expressly excludes, all liability for loss or damage however and whenever caused to anyone by any use under this Document, whether by You or by anyone else, and whether caused by any fault on the part of the Rightsholder or not. This exclusion of liability includes, but is not limited to, any special, incidental, consequential, punitive, or exemplary damages. This exclusion applies even if the Rightsholder has been advised of the possibility of such damages. 5.3 If liability may not be excluded by law, it is limited to actual and direct financial loss to the extent it is caused by proved negligence on the part of the Rightsholder.
6.0 General
6.1 If any provision of this Document is held to be invalid or unenforceable, that must not affect the cvalidity or enforceability of the remainder of the terms of this Document. 6.2 This Document is the entire agreement between the parties with respect to the Work covered here. It replaces any earlier understandings, agreements or representations with respect to the Work not specified here. 6.3 This Document does not affect any rights that You or anyone else may independently have under any applicable law to make any use of this Work, including (for jurisdictions where this Document is a licence) fair dealing, fair use, database exceptions, or any other legally recognised limitation or exception to infringement of copyright or other applicable laws. 6.4 This Document takes effect in the relevant jurisdiction in which the Document terms are sought to be enforced. If the rights waived or granted under applicable law in the relevant jurisdiction includes additional rights not waived or granted under this Document, these additional rights are included in this Document in order to meet the intent of this Document. - See more at: http://opendatacommons.org/licenses/pddl/1.0/#sthash.aM9LqB4G.dpuf