FUNGI ANIMALS. 27 35 36 37 38 “TRUE FUNGI” TRUE FUNGI.

FUNGI ANIMALS

27

35

36

3738

“TRUE FUNGI”

TRUE FUNGI

CHYTRIDS – “Cooking Pot Fungi”

49

FOSSILIZED CHYTRIDS (?): Lower Devonian

Rhynie Chert(Scotland)

Charophyte(putative green algal host)

(charophyte cross-section)

27

CHYTRIDS: Cell Structure

CHYTRIDS: Cell Structure

Rhizoids39 40

Hyphae

22

CHYTRIDS: Nutrition 6

28

39 40

CHYTRIDS: Life Cycle

Alternation of Generations

LIFE CYCLE I

29 Allomyces

29

Allomyces: Sporophyte Stage

SporophyteZoosporangiumZoospore (2n)Resistant Sporangium (2n)Zoospore (n)

29

Allomyces: Gametophytes Stage

GametophyteMale GametangiumFemale GametophyteGametesZygote

AnisogametesIsogametes

Fig. 4-17 in Alexopoulos et al. 1996

Allomyces Life Cycle

Synchytrium Life Cycle

Fig. 6.6 in Webster and Weber 2007

CHYTRIDS: Growth Forms

39

Holocarpic

Eucarpic

(Monocentric)

(Polycentric)

20 21

22

Chytrids: Macrohabitats

CHYTRIDS: Microhabitats

24

3

25

1) Interbiotic

CHYTRIDS: Interactions

56

Nowakowskiella

Allomyces

39

9

CHYTRID: Growth Form

2) Epibiotic

44

12

Black Wart Disease

13

Synchytrium

CHYTRIDS: Life Forms3) Endobiotic

14

15

Rumen Chytrid (Neocallimastix)

16

CHYTRID INTERACTIONS

17

18

Chiricahua Leopard Frog

50

CHYTRID INTERACTIONS

Frog Chytrid (Batrachochytridium)

CHYTRID INTERACTIONS

112

Black Wart DiseaseBrown Spot Disease

Chytrid: Syntrychium(Chytrid: Physoderma)

Lettuce Big Vein Disease

53

4

(Chytrid: Olpidium)

CHYTRID INTERACTIONS

6 4

7

CHYTRID INTERACTIONS

(Mosquito Larva Chytrid: Coelomyces)

8

CHYTRID INTERACTIONS

54

Diatom Chytrid: Rhizophydium

27

37 38

27

CHYTRID INTERACTIONS

1 http://www.invasive.org/images/768x512/1436018.jpg

2 http://www.public.iastate.edu/~ccblock/photos/physod.jpg

3 http://www.mbsseed.com/Peaches%20and%20Cream%20Mid.jpg

4 http://vegetablemdonline.ppath.cornell.edu/Images/Impt_Diseases/ 64_Lettuce_Big.jpg

5 http://www.aloj.us.es/optico/carromzar/botanica1/Olpidium.jpg

6 http://www.microimaging.ca/rotifer2.jpg

7 http://www.sacsplash.org/cimages/MosquitoLarvaSm.jpg

8 http://content.answers.com/main/content/wp/en-commons/thumb/2/29/ 225px-Daphnia_magna01.jpg

9 http://bugs.bio.usyd.edu.au/Mycology/images/Topics/Animal_Interactions/ chytrid.gif

10 http://ejournal.sinica.edu.tw/bbas/content/1998/1/8408f6.tif.JPG

11 http://scitec.uwichill.edu.bb/bcs/bl14apl/Peridinium.jpeg

12 http://www.bitkisagligi.net/Patates/Synchytrium_endobioticium.jpg

13 http://www.aber.ac.uk/fungi/graffeg/chytrids/Cyllamyces.jpg

14 http://courses.washington.edu/chordate/453photos/gut_photos/ cow_stomach2.jpg

15 http://babcock.cals.wisc.edu/downloads/de_html/images/en1_digestion1.gif

16 http://www.aber.ac.uk/fungi/graffeg/chytrids/Cyllamyces.jpg

17 http://www.saveafrog.org/images/fungus_main_pic.jpg

18 http://www.jcu.edu.au/school/tbiol/zoology/herp/decline/DW%20toe% 20section.jpg

19 http://www.clarku.edu/faculty/dhibbett/TFTOL/images/fungi/chytrid_csa.jpg

20 http://www.mesc.usgs.gov/research/rarmi/images/marsh2.jpg

21 http://www.mccullagh.org/db9/1ds-4/sahara-desert-sand.jpg

23 http://www.jcu.edu.au/school/tbiol/zoology/herp/decline/DW%20toe% 20section.jpg

22 http://www.njscuba.net/images-uw/other/rc_mohawk_muck.jpg

24 http://www.sweetpro.com/images/Cow%20with%20DA%20doing% 20better%20on%20SweetPro%2018.jpg

25 http://www.naturephoto-cz.com/photos/others/common-tree-frog-9282.jpg

26 http://www.biol.pmf.hr/uploads/pics/allomyces.gif

27 http://bama.ua.edu/~nsfpeet/pictures/spizellomycetales.gif

28 http://dd-b.net/photography/gallery/JuneMacro/jun-98-080-4.jpg

29 http://www.aloj.us.es/optico/carromzar/botanica1/Allomyces.jpg

30 http://www.mycolog.com/spirogyr.jpg

31 Fig. 3-23 in Moore-Landecker. 1996. Fundamentals of the Fungi, 4th Edition.Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, NJ, 574 p.

32 http://www.njscuba.net/images-uw/other/rc_mohawk_muck.jpg

33 http://www.marlerblog.com/Cow-Pie-3(1).jpg

34 http://www.as.ua.edu/biology/scf/allomyces.jpg

35 http://userwww.sfsu.edu/~biol240/labs/lab_08fungi/media/rhizopus4.jpg

36 http://www.deutsche-botanische-gesellschaft.de/images/TitlePage1/ Arbuskeln_gro%DF.jpg

337 http://botit.botany.wisc.edu/images/130/Fungi/Ascomycota_Images/Peziza/ Scarlet_cup.low.jpg

38 http://www.fungi4schools.org/Reprints/Photoset01/Coprinus_comatus_ Shaggy_inkcap.jpg

39 http://www.as.ua.edu/biology/scf/allomyces.jpg

40 http://plantphys.info/organismal/lechtml/images/allomycesgam.jpg

41 http://www.apsnet.org/Education/IllustratedGlossary/PhotosA-D/ chytridiomycetes.jpg

42 http://www.hik.hu/tankonyvtar/site/books/b159/kepek/F5007.jpg

43 http://www.fao.org/docrep/003/X7650S/x7650s28.jpg

44 http://www.scielo.br/img/revistas/bn/v7n3/31f33.jpg

45 http://comenius.susqu.edu/bi/202/Fungi/chytridiomycota/ Allomyces-sporo-csupomona.jpg

46 http://www.clarku.edu/faculty/dhibbett/TFTOL/images/fungi/chytrid_csa.jpg

47 http://www.cs.bham.ac.uk/~drg/personal/mitosis.jpg

48 http://www.kittolife.co.kr/eng_html/img/busi_10.gif49 http://www.abdn.ac.uk/rhynie/images/plants/fungi/fungi9.jpg

50 http://www.polymer.or.kr/suite/conference/uploaded_images_for_conference_3/ 49033000_1125026253.gif

51 http://www.clarku.edu/faculty/dhibbett/TFTOL/images/fungi/chytrid_csa.jpg

52 http://www.desmids.nl/info/fungal_parasites/images/hyalotheca.jpg

53 http://www.bsu.edu/classes/ruch/msa/barr/4-11.jpg

54 http://www.env.sci.toho-u.ac.jp/dbps_data/_material_/seimeiken/lab/kagami/ tubokabi1.jpg

55 http://www.as.ua.edu/biology/scf/allomyces.jpg

56 http://www.bsu.edu/classes/ruch/msa/barr/4-9.jpg