FRUITS

FRUITS

FRUIT: A fully developed and ripened ovary containing seeds

GOAL: Seed Dispersal

*Ovary tissue stores carbohydrates & water

*Pigment may change over time

I. TWO TYPES OF FRUIT

A.FLESHY

B. DRY

II. Fleshy FruitsFleshy fruits are those that are soft, juicy or

meaty

Types of Fleshy Fruits:

Berry

Pepo

Hesperidium

Pome

Drupe

A. BERRY: 1 or more seeds, thin skin, can be

peeled offEx. Blueberry, cranberry, grapes, eggplant, peppers, tomato

NOTE: Strawberry, raspberry, blackberry are NOT true berries!!!!They originate from more than 1 pistil.

B. PEPO: a berry with a hard rind that can’t be peeled offEx. Pumpkin, squash, cantaloupe, melon, cucumber, gourds

C. Hesperidium: berry with a leathery skin, containing

oils and rindEx. Orange, tangerine, lime, lemon

D. POME: (False Fruit)Fleshy part is from the receptacle; true

ovary is the coreEx. Apple and Pear

E. DRUPE: single seed enclosed in a hard pit

Ex. Peach, apricot, plum, cherry

III. DRY FRUITS• Wall of mature ovary is dry

• Fruit is without soft flesh

• Classified according to whether they split open when ripe

A. Dehiscent Fruits• Split open when ripe

• 1. Follicle: milkweed

• 2. Legume: beans and peas

• 3. Capsule: poppies, snapdragon, lillies

B. Indehiscent Fruits• Dry fruits that DO NOT split

open when ripe

1. Achene: sunflower,dandelion

Indehiscent Fruits Cont.

• 2. Samara: maple, ash (winged fruits)

• 3. Grain: wheat, corn, barley, rye

Indehiscent Cont.• 4. Nut: acorn, hazelnut, hickory

• Many nuts are not nuts!!!

• Peanut=legume

• Walnut, pecan, coconut, almond=drupes

IV.Aggregate Fruits• Formed from a single

flower with more than one ovary

• Strawberry, raspberry, blackberry

Strawberry: Aggregate

V.Multiple Fruits• Forms from a cluster of flowers • Ovaries fuse together to form 1 fruit• Pineapple, osage orange, mulberry

Review…Use your notes to identify the following fruits.