From Girl to Woman: Female Reproduction. Ovaries The ovaries are two oval-shaped organs that lie on either side of the uterus and contain hundreds of.

From Girl to Woman:From Girl to Woman:Female ReproductionFemale Reproduction

OvariesOvaries The The ovariesovaries are two oval-shaped organs that are two oval-shaped organs that

lie on either side of the uterus and lie on either side of the uterus and contain contain hundreds of thousands of eggshundreds of thousands of eggs. .

The ovaries The ovaries also produce female sex hormonesalso produce female sex hormones such as estrogen and progesterone. such as estrogen and progesterone.

Ovum and OvulationOvum and Ovulation

Each month the ovaries Each month the ovaries mature an egg, or mature an egg, or ovumovum, and , and release it into the fallopian release it into the fallopian tubestubes in the process called in the process called ovulationovulation..

Knowledge CheckKnowledge Check

Q1: What is produced in the ovaries?Q1: What is produced in the ovaries?

A: mature eggs and hormonesA: mature eggs and hormones

Q2: What is a matured egg cell called?Q2: What is a matured egg cell called?

A: ovumA: ovum

Q3: What term describes the release of the Q3: What term describes the release of the mature egg form the ovary? mature egg form the ovary?

A: ovulationA: ovulation

Fallopian TubesFallopian Tubes

The The fallopianfallopian tubestubes connect the ovaries to connect the ovaries to the uterus. the uterus.

Once the egg is in the Once the egg is in the fallopian tube, tiny fallopian tube, tiny hairs in the tube's hairs in the tube's lining help lining help push the push the egg down the narrow egg down the narrow passageway toward passageway toward the uterus. the uterus.

If sperm are present at the same time as the egg, then the egg would get fertilized while in the fallopian tube.

FimbriaFimbria

At the other end of each fallopian tube is a At the other end of each fallopian tube is a fringed area that looks like a funnel and is called fringed area that looks like a funnel and is called fimbria.fimbria.

When an egg pops out of an ovary during When an egg pops out of an ovary during ovulation, the ovulation, the fimbria help sweep the egg into fimbria help sweep the egg into the fallopian tubethe fallopian tube. .

UterusUterus The The uterusuterus, also called , also called

the womb, has a thick the womb, has a thick lining and muscular lining and muscular walls - some of the walls - some of the strongest muscles in strongest muscles in the female body. the female body.

These muscles are able These muscles are able to expand and contract to expand and contract to to accommodate a accommodate a growing fetusgrowing fetus and then and then help push the baby out help push the baby out during labor. during labor.

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Q4: In what part of the system will the egg Q4: In what part of the system will the egg get fertilized by the sperm cell?get fertilized by the sperm cell?

A: fallopian tubeA: fallopian tube

Q5: What structure sweeps the egg into the Q5: What structure sweeps the egg into the fallopian tube?fallopian tube?

A: fimbria A: fimbria

Q6: In what part of the system does the Q6: In what part of the system does the baby grow?baby grow?

A: uterusA: uterus

Uterine LiningUterine Lining

Each month, the Each month, the uterus will uterus will develop a uterine develop a uterine lining, which is lining, which is thick and rich thick and rich with blood. with blood.

A fertilized egg A fertilized egg can attach to the can attach to the uterine lining and uterine lining and absorb its absorb its nutrients.nutrients.

MenstruationMenstruation

If the egg does not get If the egg does not get fertilized, the blood fertilized, the blood supply to the uterus is supply to the uterus is cut off and cut off and the lining the lining breaks away from the breaks away from the wall and flows out of wall and flows out of the bodythe body in the form of in the form of blood and tissue which blood and tissue which is called menstruation, is called menstruation, or period.or period.

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Q7: Why does the fertilized egg attach to the Q7: Why does the fertilized egg attach to the uterine lining?uterine lining?

A: to absorb its nutrientsA: to absorb its nutrients

Q8: What happens to an egg that does not Q8: What happens to an egg that does not get fertilized?get fertilized?

A: It leaves the body with the uterine lining A: It leaves the body with the uterine lining during menstruation, or the periodduring menstruation, or the period

CervixCervix The The cervixcervix connects the uterus with the connects the uterus with the

vagina. It has strong, thick walls with a vagina. It has strong, thick walls with a very thin opening, which is why a tampon very thin opening, which is why a tampon can never get lost inside a girl's body. can never get lost inside a girl's body.

During childbirth, the cervix can expand to During childbirth, the cervix can expand to allow a baby to passallow a baby to pass..

VaginaVagina The vagina, also

called the birth canal, is a hollow muscular structure that extends from the vaginal opening to the uterus.

It can expand and contract to accommodate something as slim as a tampon and as wide as a baby.

Functions of vagina: sexual intercourse pathway for baby during

childbirth route for menstrual blood to

leave the body.

Knowledge CheckKnowledge Check

Q9: What role does the cervix play in Q9: What role does the cervix play in childbirth?childbirth?

A: it expands (dilates) to allow the baby to A: it expands (dilates) to allow the baby to pass from the uterus and into the vaginapass from the uterus and into the vagina

Q10: What is another term used for the Q10: What is another term used for the vagina?vagina?

A: birth canalA: birth canal

What is That?What is That?

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External GenitaliaExternal Genitalia