Free-range Chicken Poduction

Free-range Chicken Production

By: Budji Fernando, DVM

Where did the modern chicken came from?

• Domestication dates back to 2000 BC

• Modern domestic chickens comes from the red jungle fowl (manok ihalas)

Common chicken breeds

• There are about 65 recognized breeds of chickens • Egg layers

• Meat birds

• Show birds/fancy breeds

Egg layers

• Hybrid – 350 eggs/yr • Rhode Island Red – 250 eggs/year

• Leghorn – 250 eggs/year

• Sussex - 250 eggs/year

• Plymouth Rock – 200 eggs/year

• Ancona – 200 eggs/year • Barnevelder – 200 eggs/year

• Hamburg – 200 eggs/year

• Marans – 200 eggs/yr

• Buff Orpington – 180 eggs/yr

• Philippine native chicken – 60 eggs/yr

Meat birds

• Cornish crosses -1.6kg in 30 days

• Cobb • Hubbard • Arbor Acres

• Jersey Giant – 5.9kg (male)

• Bresse – most expensive breed of chicken (as high as Php970/kg

• Orpington – from england

• Philippine native chicken – 1.3kg (male) in 120days

How free-range chicken production started in the Philippines • Bobby Inocencio of AP Inocencio farms of Teresa, Rizal imported

SASSO breeders in the mid 1990’s

• Solraya Enterprises acquired SASSO distributorship in the early 2000s and called them sunshine chickens

• Dr. Erwin Cruz imported Grimaud Freres (Hubbard breeders) in the 2000s

• Bounty Fresh acquired the distributorship from Dr. Erwin Cruz in 2009

• San Miguel acquired SASSO distributorship after 2010

• CP Philippines also became a player in free-range chicken production

• Sasso is not a breed of chicken • Selection Avicole de la Sarthe et du Sud Ouest - Selection of Avian from

Sarthe (a place in north of France) and South- West, a breeding company that specializes in colored free-range chicken in France for the free-range chicken production

• Kabir is also not a breed but a name of a genetic company

Hybrid free-range chicken

• Hubbard

• Sasso

Basic breeding

• Pagpili sa pwede gamiton na breeders • Pilia ang mga baskog nga mga breeders na wala niagi sa sakit

• Maayo ang porma sa lawas

• Tin-aw ang mata

• Tingkad na pula ang tapay

• Dili kiang o baldado

Breeding

• Taman sa pulo ka babae kada usa ka lalaki

• Pagtan-aw ug timailhan sa over mating

• Mas aktibo ang paghabal sa lalaki sayo sa buntag ug paingon sa gabii

• Sakto ug pagkaon para mamaintain ang sakto na panglawas

Laying

• Isa ka pugaran/salag kada lima ka babae

• Isarado ang pugaran kada hapon ug ablihan sayo sa buntag

• Dapat pirmi ug naay nesting material • Uhot

• Rice hull

• Kuhaon ang itlog sa pugaran kada duha ka oras • Mas pirmi, mas maayo

Hatching eggs

• Store between 19-21˚C • Prevents development of embryo

• Ideal storage is 1 week. The longer the storage, the lesser the hatchability

• Warm stored eggs to room temp before putting into incubator

• Selecting hatching eggs • Egg shape

• Egg shell

Hairline cracks

Day-old chick quality

• Mga timailhan nga pangit ang piso • Luya

• Wala natarong ug sara ang pusod

• Pula ug hubag ang ankles

• Below 33 grams (for broilers)

Basis for culling

• Physical conformation • Size

• Lameness

• Deformities

• Disease

• Performance

Culling

• Isa ka pamaagi sa pagtangtang sa hinay, masakiton, o baldado na manok • Malikayan ang posibilidad na matakdan ang mga baskog na mga manok sa

masakiton na manok

• Mahatagan ug sakto nga espasyo sa tubig ug pagkaon ang kada manok

• Makamenos sa gasto sa pagkaon

Mga rason sa pag-cull sa manok

• Naay sakit • Dili na matambalan • Pwede makatakod sa uban nga manok • Muhinay ang performance

• Piang/baldado • Dili na makatindog • Pirmi mailugan sa pagkaon • Dili na makabreed

• Wala na nangitlog • Sayang ang pagkaon

• Gagmay kaayo • Dili na makaapas sa tubo • Sayang lang ang pagkaon

THE END!!! Thank You!