FOUNDATION COURSE IN ENGLISH-02

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FOUNDATION COURSE IN ENGLISH-02

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BLOCK - 1


DEVELOPMENT OF AN EXPOSITORY COMPOSITION

• EXPLANATION OF A PROCESS• USE OF EXAMPLES• REASONS IN SUPPORT OF A STATEMENT• COMPARITIONAND CONTRAST• CLASSIFICATION• RESTATEMENT• ANALYSIS


Writing Paragraphs-1

• THE TOPIC SENTENTENCE

• DEVELOPING THE TOPIC

• COHERENCE

• PUNCTUATION


WRITING paragraphs-2THE DEVELOPMENT OF A PARAGRAPH

• ILLUSTRATION

• DESCRIPTION

• CAUSE AND EFFECT

• DEFINITION

• COMPARISION AND CONTRAST


WRITING A COMPOSITION

• COMPOSION IS THE ACT OF PUTTING TOGETHER PARTS , ACCORDING TO AFORM A WHOLE .THAT IS TO SAY, EVERY COMPOSITION REQUIRES ORGANISATION A POEM ,A PIECE OF MUSIC , A SCULPTURE, OR A PAINTING, IS SUCH A COMPOSITION


TYPES OF COMPOSITION

• EXPOSITORY COMPOSITION

• ARGUMENTATIVE COMPOSITION

• NARRATIVE COMPOSITION

• DESCRIPTIVE COMPOSITION


EXPOSITORY COMPOSITION

• THE WORD “EXPOSITION” REFERS TO AN ACT OF EXPLAINING SOMETHING OR MAKING IT CLEAR. THE PURPOSE OFEXPOSITORY WRITING IS NOT PRIMARILY TO NARRATE, DESCRIBE, OR PERSUADE, IT IS MAINLY TO EXPLAIN SOMETHING –FACTS, IDEAS , OR BELIEFS


NOTES (1)TYPES OF HEART DISEASE :THEIR CAUSES AND

SYMPTOMS

• 1 Congenital heart disease(h.d.)present at birth, e.g., blue baby

• 2 Rheumatic h.d.(caused by) untreated infection of = throat;

• degenerative h.d. symptoms -chronic sore throat, painful joints, and high fever. Widespread in

develop countries .

.

.overcrowdg +

poor living conditions. Accounts for 30-40% of all heart cases.


• Hypertensive h.d high blood pressure

stress, smoking + higher salt intake in

diet.

4 Ischaemic h.d. blockage of arteries by cholestersol angina,heart attacks.


BLOCK - 2


Report

• Any composition based on factual information is a report


TYPES OF REPORT

• Reports on events

• Reports on meetings and speeches

• Reports on interviews

• Reports on surveys

• Reports on experiments


PERSUASIVE AND ARGUMENTATIVE COMPOSITIONS

• When you read textbooks, newspapers, magazines, novels, or anything else, you are likely to come across persuasive writing , which has the power to influence the reader into believing or doing what the writer wishes.


TECHNIQUES OF ARGUMENT

• The Assertive Argument

• Argument by illustration

• The Factual Argument

• Refutation or Counter-argument


DIFFERENT METHOD OF ARGUMENT

• INDUCTIVE AND DEDUCTIVE METHODS

• FALLACIES

• NON RATIONAL WAYS OF WRITING


Organization of notes: tables

• A Passage giving information in the form of figures

• A Passage giving a contrastive description

• A Passage presenting different Aspect of a topic


ORGANIZATION OF NOTES: DIAGRAMES

• FLOW-CHARTS

• TREE DIAGRAMS


REPORTING A MEETING

• Name of the organization

• Venue and time of the meeting

• Agenda or programme

• A brief history of the organization


REPORTING A SPEECH

• Adequate identification of the speaker

• The occasion for the speech

• The exact time and place

• The title of the speech , if any.


WRITING SUMMARIES-1

• The Technique of summarizing

(1) Integrated Pest Management

(2) Earthworms Back in the Garden

(3) How a Volcano Affects the Earth


BLOCK - 3


UNIT -13

• CHRONOLOGICAL SEQUENCE

(1) Biographical writing

(2)Narrative

(3)Process

• SPATIAL RELATIONSHIPS

• CLASS RELATIONSHIPS


UNIT -14

• WRITING A NARRATIVE COMPOSITION

(1) Where to look for ideas

(2) How to select your Topic

(3) Treatment of the Topic

(4) Finding the Material

• A FACTUAL REPORT


UNIT -15

• STYLE

(1) Simplicity

(2)Direct Conversational style

(3) Individuality

(4) Concreteness


UNIT - 16

• Different stages in Conducting an interview

• Reporting an Interview

• Punctuation : The Apostrophe

• Usage : Word Study


UNIT - 17

• Various stages in Conducting a survey• Collection of data (1) Personal Observation (2) Interviews (3) Official Records (4)Libraries• Reporting a Survey (1) Contents of a long Survey Report (2) Examples of Reports


UNIT -18

• TECHNIQUES OF SUMMARIZING

(1) The World of Plastics

(2) A New Route to Comprehending Pain


BLOCK - 4


UNIT -19

• SIZE , BUILD AND AGE• EDUCATIONAL QUALIFICATION AND WORK

EXPERIENCE• FACIAL FEATURES AND EXPRESSION• GESTURES AND GAIT• HABITS• DRESS• LIKE, DISLIIKES AND GENERAL NATURE


UNIT -20

• LOCATION AND SIZE

• SOUNDS AND SMELLS

• THE OBJECTS ASSOCIATED WITH A PLACE

• DECRIBING PARTICULAR OBJECTS


UNIT -21

• DECRIBING CONDITIONS

• DESCRIBING PROCESSES

(1)How things are made

(2) How instruments and apparatus are to be used

(3) How to apply for a passport or a post


UNIT - 22

• NOTE –TAKING-3

• A GOOD LISTENING

• SOME BASIC EQUIPMENT FOR NOTE-TAKING

• PARTS OF A LECTURE

• TAKING NOTES FROM A LECTURE

• RECONSTRUCTING NOTES


UNIT -23

• WRITING REPORTS-5

REPORTING EXPERIMENTS VARIOUS STEPS IN CONDUCTING AN

EXPERIMENT REPORTING AN EXPERIMENT EXAMPLES OF REPORTS PUCTUATION: COMMAS


UNIT -24

• SUMMING UP• WRITING PARAGRAPHS• COMPOSITION (1)EXPOSITORY COMPOSITION (2) ARGUMENTATIVE COMPOSITION (3) NARRATIVE COMPOSITION

(4) DESCRIPTIVE COMPOSITION


UNIT -24 NOTE-TAKING WRITING REPORTS (1)REPORTING EVENTS (2)REPORTING MEETING AND SPEECHES (3) REPORTING INTERVIEWS

(4) REPORTING SURVEYS (5) REPORTING EXPERIMENTS

FOUNDATION COURSE IN ENGLISH-02

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