U(D54G1D)y+$!"!]!?!# CAIRO — Violence between Is- raelis and Palestinians expanded in new directions on Friday, with deadly clashes convulsing the oc- cupied West Bank and anti-Israeli protests erupting along Israel’s borders with two Arab neighbors. The widening sense of mayhem in Israel and the Palestinian terri- tories came as Israeli airstrikes brought mass evacuations and fu- nerals to Gaza, and as Hamas rockets singed Israeli towns for a fifth consecutive day. Hamas and Israeli officials sig- naled they were open to dis- cussing a cease-fire amid global calls for peace and frantic diplo- macy aimed at heading off a fur- ther fracturing in one of the Mid- dle East’s most intractable strug- gles. But the violence, which has me- tastasized with startling velocity compared with previous Israeli- Palestinian conflicts, was finding new footholds and threatening the veneer of Israeli society in ways not seen before. By Friday evening, Israel faced furious demonstrations in at least 60 places across the West Bank and new protests just across the borders with Jordan and Leba- non, all atop the vigilante violence between Arabs and Jews within Israel, and the continuing battle with Gaza militants. The Israeli military claimed to have significantly weakened Ha- mas in its latest offensive by killing dozens of high-ranking commanders and damaging the militant group’s network of tun- nels under Gaza. It was unclear if such losses prompted a Hamas spokesman, Fawzi Barhoum, to tell Al Jazeera on Friday night that the group would consider negoti- ating a “calming” in the fighting if Israel complied with unspecified demands about “lifting its hand” from Gaza and the sites of clashes in Jerusalem. Israeli media quoted anony- mous Israeli security officials say- ing they would be open to cease- fire talks. As Gazans waited to hear what might come next, their misery was deepening: Power was down to five hours a day in some places, and water came out of the pipes only once every few days. Efforts to contain what had been a wors- ening coronavirus infection crisis in Gaza all but collapsed. But if the coastal strip’s immedi- ate future was murky, the multi- plying front lines of the conflict made it even harder to forecast SURGE IN VIOLENCE DROWNS OUT CALLS FOR CALM IN ISRAEL Vigilante Attacks and West Bank Clashes as Threats Grow in Gaza Conflict By VIVIAN YEE Israeli ground forces at a staging area near the border with Gaza on Friday. Hamas rocket attacks continued as fury grew in the region. DAN BALILTY FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES A family in Gaza grieved after recovering bodies of relatives. HOSAM SALEM FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES Continued on Page A8 WASHINGTON — News out- lets in Florida may soon be able to sue Facebook and Twitter if the social media companies take down their content. Arkansans shopping on Ama- zon will be able to see contact in- formation for third-party mer- chants, which the site won’t be re- quired to show people outside the state. Residents of Virginia can ask Google and Facebook not to sell their personal data, and the state can sue the companies if they don’t comply. The moves are the result of an extraordinary legislative blitz by states to take on the power of the biggest tech companies. Over the past six months, Virginia, Arkan- sas, Florida and Maryland have been among at least 38 states that have introduced more than 100 bills to protect people’s data pri- vacy, regulate speech policies and encourage tech competition, ac- cording to a tally by The New York Times. That is a drastic escalation from past years. For online privacy alone, states proposed 27 bills in 2021, up from two in 2018, accord- ing to the International Associa- States Unleash Legislative Blitz to Curb Big Tech By DAVID McCABE and CECILIA KANG Setting Internet Limits as Congress Dithers Continued on Page A14 SAN ANTONIO — Minnesota’s statewide mask mandate is over. But in Minneapolis, the state’s largest city, face coverings are still required. In Michigan, Kentucky and Ore- gon, governors cheerily told vac- cinated people that they could go out maskless. But mask mandates remained in force for New York- ers, New Jerseyans and Californi- ans. So unexpected was new federal guidance on masks that in Kansas City, Mo., Mayor Quinton Lucas went from saying he would not change his mask order, to saying he would think about it, to an- nouncing that he was getting rid of it altogether, all in the span of about seven hours. Across the country, governors, store owners and people running errands were scrambling on Fri- day to make sense of the abrupt change in federal guidelines, which said fully vaccinated people could now safely go most places, indoors or outdoors, without a mask. At least 20 states that still had mask mandates in place this week said by Friday evening that they would exempt fully vaccinated people or repeal the orders en- tirely, while at least five others with mask requirements had not announced any changes. The rap- idly changing rules brought an end to more than a year of manda- tory masking in much of the coun- try, even as some said they were not yet ready to take off their face coverings. “I’m going to wear a mask for a long time to come,” said Fanny Lo- Flummoxed, U.S. Sorts Out Mask Policies This article is by Edgar Sandoval, Kate Taylor and Mitch Smith. Continued on Page A6 WASHINGTON — A detainee at Guantánamo Bay has agreed to a deal intended to lead to his re- lease in the next few years in re- turn for giving up the right to question the C.I.A. in court about its torture program, United States government officials said. The deal, negotiated by the Pen- tagon official who oversees the military commissions that serve as a court for some detainees, was reached in recent weeks, and comes as a number of those who have been charged at Guantá- namo are seeking to cite their abuse at the hands of the C.I.A. as part of their defense. Under the deal, the prisoner, Majid Khan, 41, who has pleaded guilty to serving as a courier for Al Qaeda, would complete his prison sentence as early as next year and no later than 2025 and then could be released to another country, as- suming one will take him, accord- ing to people who have seen the terms or are familiar with its de- tails. In exchange, Mr. Khan will not use his sentencing proceedings to invoke a landmark war court deci- sion that allowed him to call wit- nesses from the C.I.A.’s secret prison network to testify about his torture. The arrangement means that the C.I.A. for now will avoid a fur- ther accounting in court for its use of what it called “enhanced inter- rogation techniques” under the Detainee’s Deal Spares C.I.A. Court Testimony About Torture By CAROL ROSENBERG and JULIAN E. BARNES Continued on Page A12 REGIONAL RESPONSE Hamas has made it harder for the Arab world to turn a blind eye. PAGE A10 YOUNG CASUALTY A fortified safe room fails to save a 5-year-old boy after a rocket strike. PAGE A9 BOSTON — Before she entered the Daughters of St. Paul convent in 2010, Sister Theresa Aletheia Noble read a biography of the or- der’s founder, an Italian priest who was born in the 1880s. He kept a ceramic skull on his desk, as a reminder of the inevitability of death. Sister Aletheia, a punk fan as a teenager, thought the morbid curio was “super punk rock,” she recalled recently. She thought vaguely about acquiring a skull for herself someday. These days, Sister Aletheia has no shortage of skulls. People send her skull mugs and skull rosaries in the mail, and share photos of their skull tattoos. A ceramic skull from a Halloween store sits on her desk. Her Twitter name includes a skull and crossbones emoji. That is because since 2017, she has made it her mission to revive the practice of memento mori, a Latin phrase meaning “Remem- ber your death.” The concept is to intentionally think about your own death every day, as a means of appreciating the present and fo- cusing on the future. It can seem radical in an era in which death — until very recently — has become easy to ignore. “My life is going to end, and I have a limited amount of time,” Sister Aletheia said. “We natu- rally tend to think of our lives as kind of continuing and continu- ing.” Sister Aletheia’s project has reached Catholics all over the country, via social media, a me- mento mori prayer journal — even merchandise emblazoned with a signature skull. Her followers have found unexpected comfort in grappling with death during the coronavirus pandemic. “Memen- to mori is: Where am I headed, where do I want to end up?” said Becky Clements, who coordinates religious education at her Catholic parish in Lake Charles, La., and has incorporated the idea into a curriculum used by other parishes in her diocese. “Memen- to mori works perfectly with what my students are facing, between the pandemic and the massive hurricanes.” Ms. Clements keeps a large resin skull on her own desk, inspired by Sister Aletheia. Sister Aletheia rejects any sug- gestion that the practice is mor- bid. Suffering and death are facts of life; focusing only on the “bright and shiny” is superficial and inauthentic. “We try to sup- press the thought of death, or es- cape it, or run away from it be- cause we think that’s where we’ll find happiness,” she said. “But it’s actually in facing the darkest re- alities of life that we find light in them.” A Nun’s Words of Comfort: ‘You Are Going to Die’ By RUTH GRAHAM Sister Theresa Aletheia Noble wants you to think about death. TONY LUONG FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES Continued on Page A15 WASHINGTON — The com- mander in chief was taking his time, as usual. It was late March, and Presi- dent Biden was under increasing pressure to penalize President Vladimir V. Putin of Russia for election interference and the big- gest cyberattack ever on Ameri- can government and industry. “I have to do it relatively soon,” he said to Jake Sullivan, his national security adviser. Mr. Biden had already spent the first two months of his presidency debating how to respond to Mr. Putin, and despite his acknowl- edgment in March that he needed to act quickly, his deliberations were far from over. He convened another meeting in the Situation Room that stretched for two and a half hours, and called yet another session there a week later. “He has a kind of mantra: ‘You can never give me too much de- tail,’” Mr. Sullivan said. Quick decision-making is not Mr. Biden’s style. His reputation as a plain-speaking politician hides a more complicated truth. Before making up his mind, the president demands hours of de- tail-laden debate from scores of policy experts, taking everyone around him on what some in the West Wing refer to as his Socratic “journey” before arriving at a con- clusion. Those trips are often difficult for his advisers, who are peppered with sometimes obscure ques- tions. Avoiding Mr. Biden’s ire during one of his decision-making seminars means not only going beyond the vague talking points that he will reject, but also steer- ing clear of responses laced with acronyms or too much policy mi- nutiae, which will prompt an out- burst of frustration, often laced with profanity. Let’s talk plain English here, he will often snap. Interviews with more than two Beneath Folksy Demeanor, a Deliberative Biden This article is by Michael D. Shear, Katie Rogers and Annie Karni. A Socratic ‘Journey’ to Decisions, but Quick to Grow Impatient Continued on Page A13 New technologies are allowing stage shows like the 1966 “Cabaret” to be “reanimated” for viewers. PAGE C4 ARTS C1-6 Musicals Brought Back to Life With its slightly tilted letters and uncon- ventional palette, Alexandria Ocasio- Cortez’s branding has inspired political copycats around the world. PAGE A11 NATIONAL A11-17 A Logo Campaigns Can’t Resist The Capitals’ combative Tom Wilson is the opponent everyone despises and the teammate everyone wants. PAGE B7 SPORTSSATURDAY B7-10 Villain and Hero Ma Thuzar Wint Lwin, above, is criticiz- ing Myanmar’s military coup from the runway. The Saturday Profile. PAGE A7 INTERNATIONAL A7-10 Protest at a Beauty Pageant Bernie Sanders PAGE A19 OPINION A18-19 In high-profile cases, judges are being asked to weigh the requests of those who hope to sue anonymously. PAGE C1 Anonymity Versus Openness Elise Stefanik, a onetime moderate who has become a vocal Trump acolyte, replaces the ousted Liz Cheney as the No. 3 House Republican. PAGE A15 G.O.P. Elevates Trump Convert Even as New York City emerges from the pandemic, the city has to grapple with a spike in gun violence that shows no signs of receding. PAGE A16 A Persistent Problem Fundamentals took Tim Duncan from St. Croix to Wake Forest, N.B.A. glory and now the Hall of Fame. PAGE B8 Understated Excellence In a podcast interview, the Duke of Sussex opened up about his life within the British monarchy. PAGE A7 Prince Harry on Mental Health Vaccine shortages, porous borders and infected migrant workers on the move have nearby countries fearing that they will share India’s fate. PAGE A4 TRACKING AN OUTBREAK A4-6 Neighbors Feel India’s Crisis Retail sales were flat in April after rising 10.7 percent in March, showing a reliance on stimulus aid. PAGE B1 A Sign of a Bumpy Recovery FALSE ALARM News outlets push back after a military report about Israeli forces in Gaza. PAGE A8 Late Edition VOL. CLXX .... No. 59,059 © 2021 The New York Times Company NEW YORK, SATURDAY, MAY 15, 2021 The success of the Tianwen-1 mission makes the country the second to put a spacecraft on the planet. PAGE B5 BUSINESS B1-6 China’s Mars Rover Lands Today, sunshine and clouds, after- noon showers, high 76. Tonight, partly to mostly cloudy, low 56. To- morrow, clouds and sunshine, show- ers, high 72. Weather map, Page B12. $3.00