Deep Environment Elevation of Highest Grade Cu Top of Mineralized Zone 1 km 1 km 1 km granite porphyry dikes magmatic fluids 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 700 100 200 300 400 500 600 log (m KCl + K + /m HCl + H + ) T°C ? ? ? ? ? 2 1 9 5 2 2 1 0 220 0 2 2 2 0 white mica 2200 nm wavelength Kaolinite Pyrophyllite Andalusite Muscovite K-feldspar (Dickite ± kaolinite) (Dickite ± pyrophyllite) Illite Smectite Phengite Act+Epid Chl+Epid Chl±Hem ±Calc mixed layer Chl-Smect Kspar - Biot (Potassic) Sericitic Advanced Argillic Intermediate Argillic Propylitic Ilite-Smectite 500 b 2 kb 1 kb System K 2 O-Al 2 O 3 -SiO 2 -KCl -HCl-H2O at 1.0 kb, quartz present (Hemley et al.,1980; Montoya & Hemley, 1975; Sverjensky et al., 1991; Hazelton et al., 1994; Reyes, 1990) s pec. h e m a t i t e Cu > 0.2wt% (±Mo±Au) 2210 nm 2200 nm 2205 nm Wavelength of white mica SWIR (2200) Illite-chl-smect -relic fspar epid-chl -act-fspar plag-act±epid chl-fspar ±calc/epid-hem biot±Kspar smect±Illite±kaol±chl & relic feldspar Illite-chl -relic fspar phengitic musc-chl- relic fspar musc pyroph-alun ±topaz SODIC- CALCIC PROPYLITIC POTASSIC SERICITIC n o n - m a g m a t i c fl u i d s SODIC- CALCIC PROPYLITIC ADVANCED ARGILLIC LATE INTERMEDIATE ARGILLIC POTASSIC INTERMEDIATE ARGILLIC SERICITIC PHYLLIC John H. Dilles, Scott W. Halley, Richard M. Tosdal Geochemical and mineralogic footprint of a porphyry Cu (-Mo-Au) system