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MEMBERS NAME :
MOHAMADSAIFUL AZLIE BIN AHMAD
AZHAR BIN HUSSIN
MOHAMD FARID BIN ABDUL RASHID
FLOOD CONTROL SYSTEMS
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Introduction
What is flood ?
is an overflow or accumulation of an expanse of water that submergesland.
What is flood control ?
- the technique of trying to control rivers to minimize the occurrence offloods.
- important to avoid from damage
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Flood control System
Can devided into 2 types which are traditionalmethod and modern method.
Traditional - levees, reservoirs, and weirs are used
to prevent rivers from bursting their banks.
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Modern - Thames Barrier, Maeslantkering,smarttunnel, and others.
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Thames Barrier
Thames Barrier is a large flood control structure on the
River Thames
It is the world's second largest movable flood barrier
the purpose is to prevent London from being flooded
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Design and construction
The concept of the rotating gates was devised by Charles Draper
The site was chosen because of :
- the relative straightness of the banks
- the underlying river chalk was strong enough to support the barrier.
originally designed to protect London against a flood level with a return period of100 years
Built across a 520 metre wide stretch of the river
the barrier divides the river into six navigable and four smaller non-navigablechannels between nine large concrete piers
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Operation
Flood defence closure is triggered when a combination ofhigh tides forecast in the North Sea and high river flows atthe tidal limit .
9 hours before the high tide reaches the barrier a flood
defence closure begins with messages to stop river traffic,close subsidiary gates and alert other river users.
The smaller gates are closed first, then the main navigable
spans in succession.
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When the river is in flood upstream, if the gates are closedshortly after low tide, a huge empty volume is createdbehind the barrier which can act as a reservoir to hold thefloodwater
Most river floods will not fill this volume in the few hours ofthe high tide cycle during which the barrier needs to beclosed.
If the barrier was not there, the high tide would fill up this
volume instead, and the floodwater could then spill over theriver banks in London.
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Operation
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Conclusion
There are many ways to prevent flooding such asmodern and traditional methods.
Flood control system is important to avoid the water
to flow over the edge or river bank.Thames Barrier is one of the best technology to
control the flooding.