First aid and Basic life saving skills / support An introduction · 2015-05-15 · 1st aid and Basic life saving skills Responsibilities of a 1st aider Doing your best in the situation

First aid and Basic life saving skills / support

Ahmad Faisal & Hj Mohd Zuffry / Asnah_Revised Aug 2014

An introduction

1st aid and Basic life saving skills

Learning objectives

Definitions of - first aid, first aider

Aims of FIRST aid --> 4 P's

Responsibilities of a first aider

Common emergencies and injuries

First aider action plan → Knowing what to do

DRsABC

Defibrillation

Recovery position

1st aid and Basic life saving skills

Introduction

Aims of giving 1st aid:

PRESERVE life

PREVENT further

injury

PROMOTE recovery

PROTECT the

unconscious

Ahmad Faisal & Hj Mohd Zuffry / Asnah_Revised Aug 2014

What is first aid?

Immediate assistance / treatment given to someone injured or suddenly taken ill,

before medical help is available

1st aid and Basic life saving skills

Responsibilities of a 1st aider

Doing your best in the situation

Assess a situation quickly and safely

Summon for help --> How?

Take charge of the situation

Control your emotions / feelings → be logical

Protect casualty(s) and others at the scene from possible dange

Identify (as far as possible) – injury or nature of illness affecting the casualty

Ahmad Faisal & Hj Mohd Zuffry / Asnah_Revised Aug 2014

1st aid and BLS

To remember

Chain of survival

…

The 5 links in the adult Chain of Survival are• Immediate recognition of cardiac arrest and activation of the emergency response system• Early cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) with an emphasis on chest compressions• Rapid defibrillation• Effective advanced life support• Integrated post-cardiac arrest careA strong Chain of Survival can improve chances of survival and recovery for victims of heart attack, stroke and other emergencies.

Early Access

Early CPR

Early Defibrillation

EarlyAdvanced

Care

Integrated post cardiac arrest

Care

1st

aid management

OR

Action plan

1st aid and BLS

St. John action plan

Danger

Response

Send for help

Airway

Breathing

CardioPulmonary resuscitation

Defibrillation

D

R

S

A

B

C

D

2/14/13

991

1st aid and BLS

St. John action plan

Danger

Assess possible

danger to:• Self

• Casualty

• Bystander

Ahmad Faisal & Hj Mohd Zuffry / Asnah_Revised Aug 2014

Response

• Tap / squeeze casualty's

shoulder

• Ask questions / give command

loudly and clearly

NO response

Response present

• Make comfortable

• Monitor responseNO danger

1st aid and BLS

St. John action plan

Send for help

Summon or CALL for help

Ahmad Faisal & Hj Mohd Zuffry / Asnah_Revised Aug 2014

Airway

• Open mouth for

foreign material

• If foreign material

present

• Place in recovery position

• Clear airway with fingers

If NOT present

1st aid and BLS

St. John action plan

Airway

• If NO foreign material present

• Leave casualty on his/her back

and OPEN airway

A

Blocked airway → NO head tilt

Open airway → head tilt AND jaw lift

Ahmad Faisal & Hj Mohd Zuffry / Asnah_Revised Aug 2014

1st aid and BLS

St. John action plan

Breathing

Check for breathing:• Look

• Listen

• Feel

Normal breathing

• Place in recovery

position

• Monitor breathing

Assess 10 seconds

NO breathing

Ahmad Faisal & Hj Mohd Zuffry / Asnah_Revised Aug 2014

1st aid and BLS

St. John action plan

Give 2 effective rescue breaths:

• Tilt the head back,

lift the chin

• Give rescue breath

for one second

into casualty's mouth

→ chest rises visibly

• Repeat giving 2nd

rescue breath for

one second and

watch for chest to

rise & fallAhmad Faisal & Hj Mohd Zuffry / Asnah_Revised Aug 2014

CPR

30 chest compression : 2 breaths

Continue CPR until:

• Help arrives

• Casualty recovers

Repeat FIVE sets (ONE cycle) in TWO minutes

1st aid and BLS

St. John action plan

Defibrillation

AED (automated external defibrillator) '

is a lightweight, portable

machine which can deliver

electric shocks to the heart externally

Should only be operated by:

• Medical personnel

• Trained 1st aider

Ahmad Faisal & Hj Mohd Zuffry / Asnah_Revised Aug 2014

• Apply defibrillator

→ if available

• Follow voice prompts

1st aid and BLS

Action plan

IF casualty show signs of life?

Signs of life but unconcious?

1st aid and BLS

Action plan

IF casualty show signs of life

Signs of life:

• Breathing - coughing

• Response – moaning, grunting

• Movement

Check / assess LLF for ten seconds

Ahmad Faisal & Hj Mohd Zuffry / Asnah_Revised Aug 2014

1st aid and BLS

What if casualty is....

Casualty's:

Signs of life present

Unconscious

Perform head to toe assessments for other injuries

Turn casualty into Recovery position

Ahmad Faisal & Hj Mohd Zuffry / Asnah_Revised Aug 2014

Purpose:

Maintains clear airway

Provide drainage

Stable side position

Assess airway, breathing and signs of life, at least every TWO minutes until....

1st aid and Basic life saving skills

Differences between and

.ST JOHN AMBULANCE AHA

D - DANGER

R – RESPONSE IF NIL R - RESPONSE - IF NIL ACTIVATE HELP

S – SEND FOR HELP C – CARDIAC COMPRESSION

A – AIRWAY (HEAD TILT – JAW LIFT) A – AIRWAY (HEAD TILT – JAW LIFT)

B – LOOK , LISTEN, FEEL – 10 SECS B – 2 RESCUE BREATHS

C – 30 CARDIAC COMPRESSION / 2 RESCUE BREATHS

D – DEFIBRILLATION (AED)

D – DEFIBRILLATION (AED) SIGNS OF LIFE – RECOVERY POSITION

SIGNS OF LIFE - RECOVERY POSTION

RATIO 30 COMPRESSION : 2 BREATHS

Ahmad Faisal & Hj Mohd Zuffry / Asnah_Revised Aug 2014