CHEMICALS FOR CONSUMERS AND THE IMPORTANCE FIRDA AMYRUS WAHIZAN 5 AMANAH
Feb 11, 2016
CHEMICALS FOR CONSUMERS AND THE
IMPORTANCE
FIRDA AMYRUS WAHIZAN
5 AMANAH
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Introduction (slide 3)
Soaps & Detergents (slide 4)
Food Additives (slide 5)
Medicine (slide 8)
Conclusion (slide 12)
Reference (slide 13)
INTRODUCTION
Natural chemicals are substances produced by a living organism, that is, found in nature.Examples of natural chemicals; Oxygen, Hydrogen, Mercury, Bromine, Francium etc, Examples of artificial chemicals;Aspertame (artificial sweetener), Atrazine (herbicide commonly used),Tributyltin (used as fungicide to prevent growth of marine organisms on boats and ships).
SOAP & DETERGENTS
Soap is sodium or potassium salts of long-chain carboxylic acids
The general formula of a soap is:
RCOO-Na+/RCOO-K+, where R is an alkyl group with 12 to 18 carbon atoms. R can be saturated or unsaturated.
Detergent is a synthetic cleansing agents which is made from hydrocarbons obtained from petroleum fraction. Thus, detergents are petrochemicals.
FOOD ADDITIVES
Food additives are chemicals that are added to food in small quantities for specific purposes such as protection against bacterial attack or restoring the colour of food destroyed during food processing.
There are two main group of food additives;
i) Preservatives and Antioxidants
ii) Flavouring agents, stabilizers, thickening agents and dyes.
EFFECTS O F FO OD ADDIT IVES O N HEALTH
Effects ExplanationAllergy Caused by Sodium sulphite, BHA, BHT,
MSG and food dyes. Causes a disease named ‘Chinese
restaurant syndrome’ (giddiness, chest pain, and difficulty in breathing)
Cancer Caused by carcinogens (sodium nitrite) Nitrite reacts with amines to produce
nitrosamineBrain damage Caused by excessive intake of nitrites
Hyperactivity Caused by tartrazine (additives) Difficulty in sleeping or relaxing
WAYS TO R EDU CE U SE O F ADDIT IVES IN FOO D
Avoid buying genetically modified foods
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MEDICINE
TRADITIONAL MEDICINETraditional medicines are medicines derived from natural sources such as plants and animals without being processed chemically.
Examples of traditional medicine;
Plant Part of Plant Used
Uses
Garlic Corm • For preventing flu attack• For reducing high blood
pressureAloe Vera Leaves • For preventing itchy skin
• For treating burns on the skin
Quinine Bark of Chinchona Tree
• For treating malaria• For preventing muscle
cramps
MODERN MEDICINE
Modern medicines usually contain a mixture of active ingredients prepared in different forms such as capsules, pills, solutions or suspensions.
Type Example Function Side Effects
Analgesics Aspirin Used for pain relief
Can Cause brain and liver
damageAntibiotics Penicillin Used to cure
tuberculosisHeadache,
allergic reaction, diarrhoea
Psychothera Peutic Drugs
Antidepressants
To reduce tension and
anxiety
Drowsiness, addiction
USE OF MODERN MEDICINE
Used for pain relief
Used to cure tuberculosis
To reduce tension and anxiety
CONCLUSION
Some of the importance of chemicals in our daily life are;
For health care and beauty, industries and transport, food security and agriculture, science and technology and cooking.
We must always use chemicals required for a particular process and to not substitute.
We must always review and understand hazards before using a chemical substance.
REFERENCE
Form 5 Chemistry Textbook
Whizz Chemistry SPM Reference
Wikipedia