FINAL SLIDE 2

8/7/2019 FINAL SLIDE 2

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3/19

KINDS OF RENEWABLE ENERGY

HYDAL POWER WIND ENERGY

FUSION ENERGY SOLAR ENERGY


4/19

CURRENT STATUS OF FOSSIL FUEL

EVERY YEAR CONSUMPTION OF COAL = 6.2

billion tons

EVERY DAY CONSUMPTION OF OIL = 85

million barrels

This figure will rise to 113 million barrels by

2030

Coal reserves remain is 909 billion tonnes this

last only for 155 years

Globalwarming, temperature rise by 2 degrees

in a century, ozone layer depletion, melting of

icecaps, rise in sea level.

Main cause of All these problems is fossil fuels.


5/19

WHY FUSION IS CATAGORISED

UNDER RENEWABLE ENERGIES?

Nuclear fusion despite beingtechnically non-renewable, fusion

power has many of the benefits oflong-term renewable energy sourcessuch as being a sustainable energy

supply compared to presently-utilizedsources and emitting no greenhousegases.


6/19

REASON BEHIND ENORMOUS

ENERGY

When two or more atoms are brought closeenough together so that the residual strongforce (nuclear force) in their nuclei will pull

them together into one larger atom. If twolight nuclei fuse, they will generally form asingle nucleus with a slightly smaller massthan the sum of their original masses. Thedifference in mass is released as energy

according to Albert Einstein's mass-energyequivalence formula E=mc2.


7/19

NUCLEAR FORCE

The nucleus of an stom consists of positivelycharged protins and uncharged neutrons.According to coulombss law, protons must

repel eath other with a very large force, hencethe nucleus must be broken into pieces.but thisdoes not happens. It means that there is someother force in nucleus which overcomes the

electrostactic repulsion which is the nuclearforce which is the strongest force of nature,butvery short range force (10^-15)


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9/19

BASIC PRINCIPLE BEHIND FUSION

. Fusion between the atoms is opposed by theirshared electrical charge, specifically the netpositive charge of the nuclei. In order toovercome this electrostatic force, or "Coulomb

barrier", some external source of energy mustbe supplied. The easiest way to do this is toheat the atoms, which has the side effect ofstripping the electrons from the atoms andleaving them as bare nuclei. In mostexperiments the nuclei and electrons are leftin a fluid known as a plasma.


10/19

MAGNETICCONFINEMENT METHOD

TOKAMAK


11/19

PRINCIPLE BEHIND TOKAMAK


12/19

EXTRACTION OF POWER


13/19

INERTIAL CONFINEMENT METHOD


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FUEL CYCLE

Duterium-Tritium fuelcycle

21D + 31T 42He (3.5 Mev)+10n (14.1

Mev)

10n + 63Li 31T + 42He

10n + 73Li 31T + 42He + 10n

Duterium-Duterium fuelcycle

21D + 21D 31T (1.01 Mev)+10H (3.02

Mev) 32H (0.82 Mev)+10n (2.45 Mev)


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ADVANTAGES

primary fuel offusion, deuterium existsabundantly in the Earth's ocean about 1 in6500 hydrogen atoms in seawater is

deuterium. Although this may seem a lowproportion (about 0.015%), nuclear fusionreactions are so much more energetic thanchemical combustion and seawater is easier to

access and more plentiful than fossil fuels,some experts estimate that fusion could supplythe world's energy needs for millions of years.


16/19

ENERGY FOR MILLIONS OF

GENERATIONS

Fusion power commonly proposes the use ofdeuterium,an isotope of hydrogen, as fuel and in many currentdesigns also use lithium. Assuming a fusion energyoutput equal to the 1995 global power output of about

100 EJ/yr (= 1 x 1020

J/yr) and that this does notincrease in the future, then the known current lithiumreserves would last 3000 years, lithium from sea waterwould last 60 million years, and a more complicatedfusion process using only deuterium from sea water

would have fuel for 150 billion years.To put this incontext, 150 billion years is over ten times the currentlymeasured age of the universe, and is close to 30 timesthe remaining lifespan of the sun.


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18/19

EASSY TRANSPROTATION


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REASON TO SAY BEST OF ALL

There is no greenhouse gases as releasedduring combution of fossil fuels

There is no radioactive waste like the products

of nuclear fission reaction

It doest depend on climatic condition unlike,solar and wind energy.

Fusion power would provide much moreenergy for a given weight of fuel than anytechnology currently in use.

FINAL SLIDE 2

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