final ppt

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FUTURE CARS

1/5/2011

By:

Jackie Navtani

21/5/2011

Contents

•Introduction•Available Cars•Present Technologies•Problems Generally Faced•Solutions to Problems•Future Car Technologies•Advantages & Disadvantages•Reliability & Feasiblity•References

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INTRODUCTION

What Is Future Car?

Alternative Fuels

Alternative Energy Resources

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Definitions by Different Manufacturers

A future car is a vehicle that runs on alternative fuels.

Future Car Is simply the Driving Potential Of Different Cars Available now.

Future Cars is the car of the future which will decide the future of future.

Future car will be the cars with new engine technologies and based on alternative fuels.

Future Cars are the cars that will run on alternative fuels and energy resources.

Future Car is a vehicle that will give more output in form of mileage at very less input. Etc.

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What Is Future Car ?

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Based on Fuel

Based on Cost

Based on SpeedBased on Engine Performance

Based on Availibility of

sources

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CLASSIFICATION OF FUTURE CARS

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Based on Fuel

•Future Hydrogen Cars

•Future Electric Cars

•Future Hybrid Cars

•Future Nitrogen Cars

Based On Cost

•New Chevrolet Tavera

•New ICML Rhino Winner

•Maruti Gypsy•BMW 1 Series•Aston Martin DB9•Audi R8

Based on Spee

d

•Super Cars

•Smart Cars

•Nitrogen Cars

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Based on Engine

Performan

ce

•Audi RSQ•BMW gina•Bugati

Veyron•Dodge•Ferrari

Based on Availibility

of sourc

es

•Electric Cars

•Solar Cars

•Hydrogen Cars

Based on Publi

c Demands

•Future Flying Cars•Prototype Future

Cars •NASCARs•Smart Cars•Super Cars

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The Worlds Top 10 Car Manufacturers:: 1. Toyota (Japan) 2. General Motors (USA) 3. Volkswagen group (Germany) 4. Ford (USA) 5. Honda (Japan) 6. PSA Peugeot Citroen (France) 7. Hyundai-Kia (South Korea) 8. Nissan (Japan) 9. Renault-Dacia-Samsung (France) 10. DaimlerChrysler (Germany)

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Available Cars & Technologies

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Alternative fuels" are fuels that are not made from petroleum.

The types of alternative energy resources: Alcohols - ethanol and methanol. Compressed natural gas (CNG) Electricity - stored in batteries. Liquefied natural gas (LNG) Liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) Liquids made from coal Biodiesel –made from plant oil or animal fat. 

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Alternative Fuels

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Old Technologies More Fuel Consumption High Cost Low Efficiency Ignition Problems Excessive Noise Economical Problems Less Working Life Less Overall Output

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Problems Generally Faced

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Right now many automakers are gearing up for offering vehicles that are able to run on ethanol or other biofuels (such as biodiesel), which is the path of least resistance for the near future.

But, what about longer term? In the longer term, future car technology will most likely involve cars that run on

hydrogen Electricity Air nitrogen nuclear power.

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Technology

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Electric cars also offer an option in regard to future car technology.

Companies like Tesla, Zap and Phoenix Motorcars are making headway in developing these vehicles for the marketplace.

Two other parts of advanced car technology to note are the FUTURE FLYING CARS that will be taking flight over the next two or three years and SMART CARS that will also be seeing the highways and byways sometime in the future as well.

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Alternatives

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Hydrogen, electricity, air and nitrogen cars all have had working prototypes built. In fact, in regard to electric vehicles, production models have also been built.

But, the range of electric cars and their recharging rate have always been their downfall.

According to the experts, hydrogen-powered cars will be the next BIG change in our mode of transport.

Even cars will also run using nuclear power.

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What Is The Best Option ?

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Hydrogen Extraction The most common sources are:Water Natural gas :: methane (via coal gasification); Bio-mass ::vegetation such as wood chips and

agricultural waste. Hydrogen cars at this writing can run from

either internal combustion engines or fuel cells. Some of the current models of hydrogen cars

like the GM Sequel have a proven driving range of over 300 miles in real world conditions.

. The BMW Hydrogen 7 has rolled out as a lease vehicle and is a dual fuel vehicle that can run off either liquid hydrogen or gasoline.

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FUTURE TECHNOLOGIES

Availibility And Feasibility

Advantages & Disadvantages

Comparison & Selection

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Future hydrogen cars will combine technologies with hybrid electric cars or flex fuel vehicles to give consumers more choices and to offer alternatives for infrastructure issues.

The biggest problem is the building of the supporting hydrogen infrastructure. 

Building facilities to create hydrogen, transport it and dispense it from a fueling station on every corner as is done with gasoline now, will take billions of dollar in capital investment.

To solve this, dual fuel vehicles that can run off either hydrogen or gasoline with the flip of a switch will be used.

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Future Hydrogen Cars

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Newer Technologies Less Fuel Consumption Less Cost High Efficiency Simple Ignition Very less Noise Economical Design Longer Working Life High Overall Output

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Advantages

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Long time process of extracting fuels

Hazardous condotions

Toxicity value is high

Difficulty in storage

Higher Cost

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Disadvantages

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Future engines in cars will be unlike anything we have today. 

In the near future car alternative car engines will start to pop up all over the place.

One example is the MYT Engine which won awards from NASA for its engineering prowess.

The MYT engine is an internal combustion engine that can run on many different kinds of fuels and is 1/10 the size of a big rig diesel engine.

Pneumatic engines have been in the research labs for a while. These too will come of age.

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Future Car Engines

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Plasma Engine

Future I.C. Engine

Within the next 30 years these hot plasma engines will be perfected for space travel, downsized, commercialized and used in future cars. Radio waves and electromagnetic fields will be used to create future plasma propulsion thruster engines in cars.

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Wave Number And Intensity temperature Analysis.

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For the next 20 - 30 years more iterations of future plug-in hybrids will continue to have a stronghold on the marketplace as the combination of plug-in batteries coupled with fuel

cell or some other future engine will become the norm.

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FUTURE CAR PROPULSION

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Breakdown of fuel prices into fuel costs and taxes

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Vehicle characteristics Components Weight (kg)

Engine power (kW)Auxiliaries power use (kW)Torque (N m in 1st gear, Approximately)Coefficient of rolling resistance

Coefficient of dragSurface area (m2)

Fuel consumption (MJ km−1)

Approximate range (km)

Maintenance cost (D km−1)

74

0.3

520

0.01

0.32

2.10

1.77

550

0.043

Vehicle platform

Diesel engineBasic starter and alternatorGearbox3-Way catalyst

Euro IV after-treatment

Diesel particulate filter

Fuel tankDiesel 90% full tank

Totals

1016 145

0 50 0 0 0 15

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1248

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Societal lifecycle costs for alternative fuel/engine options for cars—base case analysis.

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Potential future car technologies include new energy sources and materials, which are being developed in order to make automobiles more sustainable, safer, more energy efficient, or less polluting. Cars are being developed in many different ways.With rising gas prices, the future of cars is leaning towards fuel efficiency, energy-savers, hybrid vehicles, battery electric vehicles and fuel-cell vehicles. 

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Future Of Future Cars

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Regenerative braking technology saves and stores energy for future use or as back up power.

When conventional brakes are used, 30% of the energy is lost in the form of heat (Raunekk, 2009).

Regenerative braking uses this energy to recharge the batteries in a hybrid vehicle.

Example: BMW's Turbosteamer concept uses energy from the

exhaust gases of the traditional Internal Combustion Engine (ICE) to power a steam engine which also contributes power to the automobile (Hanlon, 2005).

This can increase energy efficiency by up to 15%. . The Volkswagen 1-litre car and Aptera 2 Series are

examples of ultra-low-drag vehicles.

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Example : Future Car(Case Study)

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Upcoming Future Cars

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Check out these hot cars!

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Future Car Technologies, Eds. A. Sahwn, Richelle and ,Tata McGrawhill Publications,Mumbai, 2008, pp. 233-262.

D.B. Spalding, Fourth Symposium (International) Combustion, The Combustion Institute, Pittsburgh

S.R. Turns, An Introduction to Combustion Concepts and Applications, 2nd ed., McGraw-Hill, 2000.

http://www.future-car.net http://www.4wheeldrive.about.com http://www.futurecars.com http://www.superfuturecars.com http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Future_car_technologies http://www.motortrend.com/future/index.html

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References

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THANK

YOU