ORGANIZATIONAL DEVELOPMENT INTERVENTIONS
ORGANIZATIONAL DEVELOPMENTINTERVENTIONS
Vikas Mishra 535Aman Agarwal 571Darshana Durupkar 578Anam Arshi Sayed 616Mariyam Shaikh620Jyoti Singh624Pawan Amin 629
Organization development is a planned process of change in an organization’s culture through the utilization of behavioral science technologies, research, and theory.
…Burke, 1994
ORGANIZATION DEVELOPMENT
ABOUT ORGANIZATION DEVELOPMENT
oOD is about how organizations and people function and how to get them function better
oStart Point – when the leader identifies an undesirable situation and seeks to change it.
oFocus – A particular kind of change process to bring a particular kind of end result (total system change).
o OD efforts basically entail two groups of activities; "action research" and "interventions." Intervention process can be considered a facet of action research.
Organization Development is an organization improvement strategy
Stages in Organisational DevelopmentSTAGE 1Anticipate Need for Change
STAGE 5Self Renewal,
Monitor & Stabilize
STAGE 4Action Plans,
Strategies and Techniques
STAGE 3The Diagnostic
Phase
STAGE 2Develop
Practitioner-Client
Relationship
ORGANIZATIONAL DEVELOPMENTINTERVENTION
o Plans & actions developed & implemented as a part of the OD process are called Intervention Programs.
o OD interventions are plans or programs comprised of specific activities designed to effect change in some facet of an organization.
o Organizations that wish to achieve a high degree of organizational change will employ a full range of interventions.
o OD interventions can be categorized in a number of ways
Classification by Robert Blake & Mouton
OD INTERVENTION
Cultural Intervention
Theory Intervention
Discrepancy Intervention
ProceduralIntervention
RelationshipIntervention
ExperimentationsIntervention
Types of OD Interventions based on Target Groups
1. Role Analysis2. T-Group3. Education & Training & Development4. Job Enrichment5. Grid OD – Phase I6. Transactional Analysis7. Process Consultation8. Career Planning
INDIVIDUAL
Types of OD Interventions based on Target Groups
1. Role Analysis2. T-Group3. Education & Training & Development4. Grid OD – Phase II5. Transactional Analysis6. Process Consultation7. Third Party Peace Making
Dyads/Triads
Types of OD Interventions based on Target Groups
1. Education & Training & Development2. Job Enrichment3. Process Consultation4. Team Building (Task/Process-
Focused)5. Survey Feedback6. Confrontation Meetings
Teams/Groups
Types of OD Interventions based on Target Groups
1. Education & Training & Development2. Grid OD - Phase III3. Process Consultation4. Team Building (Task/Process-
Focused)5. Survey Feedback6. Confrontation Meetings7. Organisational Mirroring
Inter Group
Types of OD Interventions based on Target Groups
1. Grid OD - Phase IV V VI2. Process Consultation3. Survey Feedback4. Confrontation Meetings5. Organisational Mirroring
Organisation
SURVEY FEEDBACK•Most widely used OD Intervention
•It is a conventional questionnaire form of survey used in organization.
•It serves twin purpose of employee survey & employee feedback
•Through Survey feedback, the managers and employees are provided with analysis of data collected from them for better diagnosis, prioritization of issues and planning of further activities
SURVEY FEEDBACKSTEPS
1. Feeling the need for survey2. Deciding objectives and scope3. Collection of Data4. Scoring and Summary of Findings5. Presentation of Feedback6. Action Planning7. Follow up
PROCESS OF SURVEY FEEDBACK
NEED FOR SURVEY
DECIDING OBJECTIVES & SCOPE
COLLECTION OF DATA
FINDING & SUMMARY
FEEDBACK
DEVELOPING ACTION PLAN
FOLLOW-UP
SURVEY FEEDBACKBENEFITS:1. To evaluate the complexities & uncertainties
in the organization environment.2. Helps in determining its strategic response
to the changes that Caused such uncertainties.
DISADVANTAGE:Effectiveness of this intervention depends onthe ability of the supervisors & managers in Developing actions programs, based on such feedback
PROCESS CONSULTATION• It is “ the set of activities on the part of the consultant which help the client to perceive, understand & act upon the process events which occur in the clients environment”
•Expert help is not directly provided to the client
USES:1. The client expresses effect (symptoms) but is not
aware of the problem2. He does not know what specific help is required3. The client is motivated to learn and develop
problem solving abilities by himself/ his people
PROCESS CONSULTATIONVARIETY OF INTERVENTION USED ALONG WITH PC.
1. Interventions aimed at making the group sensitive to its processes and enhance their interest in analyzing the problems.
2. Interventions aimed at problem identification and analysis (diagnosis).
3. Interventions aimed at giving feedback.4. Interventions aimed at helping individuals /
groups to observe and process their own data, learn giving and receiving feedback and solve the problems. Coaching and counseling also are frequently used.
5. Interventions aimed a structural measures like job allocation, role changes
T - Groupo Unstructured, Agenda-less group session
o Consists of 10-12 people and a “trainer”
o Data for discussion is data provided by interaction
o Individuals gain insight into meaning and consequence of own and others behavior
o Helps make effective interpersonal and group action
o Main learning vehicle – Group ExperienceDISCUSSION
T - GroupOBJECTIVE
o Enhance understanding about self, gain insights into one’s own behavior.
o Enhance the understanding and awareness about others’ behavior (thoughts, feelings and actions)
o Enhance the understanding and awareness of group and inter-group processes
o Increasing diagnostic skills in inter-personal and Inter- group situations.
o Discover one’s dormant potential to live more effectively and meaningfully.
DISCUSSION
T - GroupBENEFITS
o Decrease in stress level
o Enhances Self Esteem
o Productive Relationships
o Quick & Easy Feedback
o Creates Environment Conducive for Growth
DISCUSSION
CONFRONTATION MEETINGSo Developed by Richard Beckhard
oOne day meeting to take a reading of organisational health
oUsed for identifying and prioritizing problems in organizations and beginning the working on theSolution of the problems by involving many people.
USES:1. There is a need by total management group to
examine its own working2. Limited Time.3. Top management wishes to improve conditions
quickly4. Organisation has experiencing or has
experienced some major change5. Enough commitment by top management on
resolving issue
CONFRONTATION MEETINGSSTEPS
Step 1 :- Climate Setting
Step 2 :- Information Collecting
Step 3 :- Information Sharing
Step 4 :- Priority setting and group action planning
Step 5 :- Immediate Follow-Up
Step 6 :- Progress Review
CONCLUSION
1. Better interaction with the employees.
2. Employees skills enhancement in the changing environment.
3. Systemization of the change management process.
4. Employee evaluation & feedback.
5. Prevention rather than correction.