Final EIA Report of - environmentclearance.nic.inenvironmentclearance.nic.in/writereaddata/EIA/...QCI/NABET Accredited EIA Consultant at S.No.100 as per List of Accredited consultant

Final EIA Report of

Exploration and Development of drilling wells in the existing PML area (PML 4 sq.km) of Baola Field at Village Salajada, Tehsil Bavla, District

Ahmedabad, Gujarat by M/s Sun Petrochemicals Pvt. Ltd. PROJECT PROPONENT

SUN PETROCHEMICALS PVT LTD (SUN OIL & NATURAL GAS DIVISION)

MUMBAI

Prepared By MANTEC CONSULTANTS PVT. LTD.

QCI/NABET Accredited EIA Consultant at S.No.100 as per List of Accredited consultant Organizations/Rev.67 /July 09, 2018 and MoEF & NABL approved

Laboratory

Environment Division, D-36, Sector-6, Noida-201 301, U. P., Ph. 0120-4215000, 0120-4215807 Fax. 0120-4215809,

E-mail: [email protected], [email protected]

Website: www.mantecconsultants.com

mailto:[email protected]

mailto:[email protected]

EIA Report of Exploration and Development of Drilling Wells in the Existing PML area (PML 4 sq.km) of Baola Field at Village Salajada, Tehsil Bavla, District

Ahmedabad, Gujarat by M/s Sun Petrochemicals Pvt. Ltd

M a n t e c C o n s u l t a n t s P v t L i m i t e d

Page i

Contents

CHAPTER-1 : INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................ 4

1.0 PREAMBLE ...................................................................................................................... 4

1.1 NEED OF THE PROJECT ....................................................................................................... 4 1.2 SCOPING OF THE PROJECT .................................................................................................. 4 1.3 ENVIRONMENTAL SENSITIVITY OF THE PROJECT ................................................................ 5 1.4 TERMS OF REFERENCE ............................................................................................................... 8

CHAPTER-2 : PROJECT DESCRIPTION ............................................................................... 16

2.1 PROJECT PROPONENT ....................................................................................................... 16 2.2 BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE PROJECT ............................................................................... 16 2.3 SALIENT FEATURES ................................................................................................................. 17 2.4 PROJECT BENEFITS ................................................................................................................. 18 2.5 LAND DETAILS OF THE PROJECT ................................................................................................. 18 2.6 DRILLING PLAN FOR BAOLA FIELD .............................................................................................. 19 2.6.1 DRILLING AND COMPLETION ............................................................................................................ 19 2.6.2 WELL DRILLING STRATEGY .............................................................................................................. 19 2.7 WELL EVALUATION ................................................................................................................ 21 2.8 COMPLETION OF DRILLING ....................................................................................................... 21 2.9 RIG DEMOBILIZATION ............................................................................................................. 22 2.10 RESTORATION AND REHABILITATION ......................................................................................... 22 2.11 STAFFING ........................................................................................................................... 22 2.12 SUPPLIES DURING WELL DRILLING ............................................................................................ 22 2.13 WASTE STREAMS ................................................................................................................. 24 2.14 PRODUCED OIL AND GAS HANDLING, PROCESSING AND STORAGE ................................................... 25 2.15 PIPELINES NETWORK & DETAILS ............................................................................................... 27

CHAPTER-3 : DESCRIPTION OF ENVIRONMENT ......................................................................... 30

3.1 OVERVIEW ........................................................................................................................... 30 3.2 SITE DESCRIPTION AND ITS ENVIRONMENT ................................................................................... 30 3.3 STATE OF THE ENVIRONMENT (REGIONAL) ................................................................................... 33 3.3.1 TOPOGRAPHY & GEOLOGY .............................................................................................................. 33 3.3.2 CLIMATE ...................................................................................................................................... 34 3.3.3 SEISMIC CONSIDERATIONS .............................................................................................................. 34 3.4 STATE OF THE ENVIRONMENT (LOCAL) ........................................................................................ 35 3.4.1 MICRO-METEOROLOGY .................................................................................................................. 35 3.4.2 TOPOGRAPHY ............................................................................................................................... 36 3.4.3 LAND USE .................................................................................................................................... 36 3.4.4 SOIL ENVIRONMENT.................................................................................................................. 37 3.4.5 AIR ENVIRONMENT ........................................................................................................................ 38




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3.4.6 NOISE ENVIRONMENT .................................................................................................................... 48 3.4.7 WATER ENVIRONMENT .................................................................................................................. 49 3.4.8 BIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT ............................................................................................................ 58 3.4.9 SOCIO-ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT ................................................................................................... 69

CHAPTER-4 : ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES .............. 85

4.1 IMPACTS ........................................................................................................................... 85 4.1.1 THE MAJOR ACTIVITIES THAT MAY HAVE IMPACT ON ENVIRONMENT ..................................................... 86 4.2 ASSESSMENT OF IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES.................................................................. 87 4.2.1 PHYSICAL PRESENCE ....................................................................................................................... 87 4.2.2 NOISE AND VIBRATION ................................................................................................................... 87 4.2.3 AIR ENVIRONMENT ........................................................................................................................ 89 4.2.4 WATER ENVIRONMENT .................................................................................................................. 98 4.2.5 SOLID AND HAZARDOUS WASTE IMPACTS .......................................................................................... 99 4.2.6 SOCIO-ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT ................................................................................................. 100 4.3 IMPACT ON ECOLOGY............................................................................................................ 102 4.3.1 PROPOSED MITIGATING MEASURES ............................................................................................... 104

CHAPTER-5 : ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES .............................................................................. 106

CHAPTER-6 : ENVIRONMENT MONITORING PROGRAM .......................................................... 107

6.1 ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING SCHEDULE ................................................................................ 108 6.2 MONITORING OF VARIOUS PARAMETERS................................................................................... 114 6.3 REPORTING SCHEDULE OF MONITORING DATA ........................................................................... 115

CHAPTER-7 : ADDITIONAL STUDIES ........................................................................................ 116

7.1 RISK ASSESSMENT ................................................................................................................ 116 7.1.1 CONSEQUENCE ANALYSIS .............................................................................................................. 121 7.1.2 HAZARDS ASSOCIATED WITH EXPLORATORY DRILLING ........................................................................ 122 7.1.3 BLOWOUTS DURING DRILLING / TESTING OPERATIONS ...................................................................... 122 7.1.4 TOP RISK CONTRIBUTORS (GROUP RISK) .......................................................................................... 126 7.1.5 CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS ........................................................................................ 127 7.1.6 GENERAL RECOMMENDATIONS ...................................................................................................... 128 7.2 OIL SPILL EMERGENCY PLAN ................................................................................................... 128 7.3 CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY (CSR) ................................................................................ 131 7.3.1 CONCLUSION .............................................................................................................................. 132 7.4 PUBLIC HEARING ................................................................................................................. 132

CHAPTER-8 : PROJECT BENEFITS ............................................................................................. 138

8.1 DEMAND-SUPPLY GAP .......................................................................................................... 138 8.2 IMPORTS VS. INDIGENOUS PRODUCTION .................................................................................... 138 8.3 EXPORT POSSIBILITY ............................................................................................................. 138




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8.4 DOMESTIC/ EXPORT MARKETS ................................................................................................ 138 8.5 EMPLOYMENT GENERATION ................................................................................................... 138

CHAPTER-9 : ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN ............................................................ 140

9.1 GENERAL ........................................................................................................................... 140 9.1.1 HSE POLICY OF BLOCK OPERATOR ........................................................................................ 140 9.1.2 ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE AND RESPONSIBILITIES ........................................................................ 141 9.1.3 ORGANIZATIONAL RESPONSIBILITIES ............................................................................................... 142 9.2 MITIGATION PLAN ............................................................................................................... 143 9.3 WASTE MANAGEMENT PLAN .................................................................................................. 155 9.3.1 TYPES OF WASTE ......................................................................................................................... 155 9.3.2 SOURCES OF WASTE .................................................................................................................... 156 9.3.3 COLLECTION OF THE WASTE .......................................................................................................... 157 9.3.4 SEGREGATION AND STORAGE......................................................................................................... 157 9.3.5 WASTE DISPOSAL.................................................................................................................... 158 9.3.6 RECORD KEEPING ........................................................................................................................ 159 9.4 RESTORATION AND REHABILITATION ........................................................................................ 165 9.4.1 WELL ABANDONMENT ................................................................................................................. 165 9.4.2 WELL SUSPENSION ...................................................................................................................... 166 9.5 GREENBELT DEVELOPMENT .................................................................................................... 166 9.6 SAFETY DURING DREDGING OPERATION ..................................................................................... 167 9.6.1 DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN.............................................................................................. 167 9.7 EFFLUENTS AND SOLID WASTE ................................................................................................ 173 9.7.1 DRILL CUTTINGS, WASTE MUD, SLUDGE AND WASTEWATER .............................................................. 174 9.7.2 FUELS AND CHEMICALS ................................................................................................................. 174 9.7.3 USED OIL AND FILTERS ................................................................................................................. 175 9.7.4 SEWAGE .................................................................................................................................... 175 9.7.5 MEDICAL WASTE ......................................................................................................................... 175 9.7.6 CAMP WASTE ............................................................................................................................. 175

CHAPTER-10 : CONCLUSIONS ................................................................................................. 177




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LIST OF TABLES

TABLE 1.1: STATUTORY REQUIREMENTS ................................................................................................... 5 TABLE 1.2: ENVIRONMENTAL SENSITIVITY.............................................................................................. 5 TABLE 1.3: POINT-WISE COMPLIANCE OF PRESCRIBED TOR .............................................................. 8 TABLE 2.1 : SALIENT FEATURE OF THE PROJECT .................................................................................. 17 TABLE 3.1: LANDUSE/LANDCOVER .......................................................................................................... 36 TABLE 3.2: SOIL ANALYSIS ........................................................................................................................... 37 TABLE 3.3: AMBIENT AIR QUALITY DATA OF BADARKHA ................................................................ 41 TABLE 3.4: AMBIENT AIR QUALITY DATA OF BAOLA ......................................................................... 42 TABLE 3.5: AMBIENT AIR QUALITY DATA OF RASAM ......................................................................... 43 TABLE 3.6: AMBIENT AIR QUALITY DATA OF PROJECT SITE ............................................................. 44 TABLE 3.7: AMBIENT AIR QUALITY DATA OF RUPAL .......................................................................... 44 TABLE 3.8: AMBIENT AIR QUALITY DATA OF ZEKADAA ................................................................... 45 TABLE 3.9: AMBIENT AIR QUALITY DATA OF KERALA ....................................................................... 46 TABLE 3.10: AMBIENT AIR QUALITY DATA OF BHAYALA ................................................................. 47 TABLE 3.11: NOISE RESULTS ......................................................................................................................... 48 TABLE 3.12: SURFACE WATER QUALITY RESULTS ................................................................................ 50 TABLE 3.13: GROUND WATER SAMPLING RESULTS ............................................................................. 53 TABLE 3.14: GROUND WATER SAMPLING RESULTS ............................................................................. 55 TABLE 3.15:LARGE TREES SPECIES FOUND IN STUDY AREA ............................................................. 59 TABLE 3.16: SHRUBS FOUND IN STUDY AREA ........................................................................................ 60 TABLE 3.17:HERBS AND GRASSES FOUND IN STUDY AREA............................................................... 60 TABLE 3.18:AGRICULTURAL CROPS FOUND IN STUDY AREA .......................................................... 63 TABLE 3.19:AMPHIBIAN IN STUDY AREA ................................................................................................ 65 TABLE 3.20:REPTILES IN STUDY AREA ...................................................................................................... 65 TABLE 3.21:BIRDS SPICES FOUND IN STUDY AREA ............................................................................... 65 TABLE 3.22: MAMMALS IN STUDY AREA ................................................................................................. 66 TABLE 3.23:INSECTS IN STUDY AREA ........................................................................................................ 66 TABLE 3.24: TABLE: LAND USE PATTERN OF THE STUDY AREA ...................................................... 69 TABLE 3.25: LIST OF VILLAGES IN THE STUDY AREA ........................................................................... 71 TABLE 3.26: DEMOGRAPHIC PARTICULARS/POPULATION DETAILS OF THE STUDY AREA .. 72 TABLE 3.27: VILLAGE WISE POPULATION DISTRIBUTION WITH SEX RATIO ................................ 74 TABLE 3.28: VILLAGE WISE SCHEDULED TRIBE POPULATION DISTRIBUTION WITH SEX

RATIO ........................................................................................................................................................ 76 TABLE 3.29 :HABITATIONS WISE WORKING POPULATION................................................................ 80 TABLE 3.30: BASIC AMENITIES AVAILABLE IN THE STUDY AREA ................................................... 82 TABLE4.1: IMPACT MATRIX ......................................................................................................................... 85 TABLE 4.2: OCCUPATIONAL AND HUMAN EXPOSURE LEVELS ....................................................... 88 TABLE 4.3: PREDICTED GLCS DUE TO FLARING .................................................................................... 90 TABLE 4.4: STACK & EMISSIONS CHARACTERISTIC ............................................................................. 94 TABLE 4.5: PREDICTED MAXIMUM GLCS DUE TO DG SET .................................................................. 94 TABLE 6.1: RECOMMENDED ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROTOCOL – PRE DRILLING

PHASE ..................................................................................................................................................... 108 TABLE 6.2: RECOMMENDED ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROTOCOL - DURING

DRILLING PHASE ................................................................................................................................. 110 TABLE 6.3: RECOMMENDED ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROTOCOL - POST DRILLING

.................................................................................................................................................................. 112 TABLE 6.4: BUDGET FOR ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAM ...................................... 115 TABLE 7.1: OIL SPILL EMERGENCY RESPONSE PROCEDURE ........................................................... 129 TABLE 9.1: ENVIRONNEMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN - MITIGATION MANAGEMENT

MATRIX................................................................................................................................................... 143




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TABLE 9.2: ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN - MITIGATION MANAGEMENT MATRIX (DURING DRILLING PHASE) ......................................................................................... 145

TABLE 9.3 QUANTITY OF WASTE TO BE GENERATED PER YEAR .................................................. 156 TABLE 9.4: WASTE MANAGEMENT PLAN ............................................................................................. 159 TABLE 9.5: ONSHORE DISCHARGE STANDARDS FOR LIQUID EFFLUENT FROM OIL DRILLING

.................................................................................................................................................................. 164 TABLE 9.6:CONTROL AND ACTION PLAN OF THE INCIDENTS ...................................................... 172 TABLE 9.7: QUANTITY OF SOLID WASTE GENERATED ...................................................................... 175




Page vi

LIST OF FIGURES

FIGURE1.1: ENVIRONMENTAL SENSITIVITY MAP ..................................................................................... 7 FIGURE 2.1: LOCATION MAP OF THE PROJECT ..................................................................................................... 17 FIGURE 2.2: TYPICAL WELL SCHEMATIC ............................................................................................................... 20 FIGURE 2.3: TYPICAL OPTION 1 AT ONGC INSTALLATION .................................................................................... 26 FIGURE 2.4: TYPICAL OPTION 2 AT GWHI FOR DELIVERY POINT & CUSTODY TRANSFER ..................................... 27 FIGURE 2.5: TENTATIVE PIPING NETWORK FOR BAOLA FIELD ............................................................................. 28 FIGURE 2.6: TENTATIVE GAS FLARING SYSTEM .................................................................................................... 29 FIGURE 3.1:STUDY AREA MAP OF 10 KM RADIAL ZONE ....................................................................................... 31 FIGURE 3.2: SITE FACILITIES .................................................................................................................................. 32 FIGURE 3.3: GEOLOGICAL MAP OF GUJARAT ....................................................................................................... 33 FIGURE 3.4: SEISMIC ZONING MAP OF INDIA ....................................................................................................... 34 FIGURE 3.5: WINDROSE DIAGRAM ....................................................................................................................... 35 FIGURE 3.6: LAND USE MAP OF BAOLA FIELD ...................................................................................................... 36 FIGURE 3.7: SOIL SAMPLING LOCATIONS ............................................................................................................. 37 FIGURE 3.8: AIR QUALITY MONITORING LOCATIONS ........................................................................................... 41 FIGURE 3.9: NOISE MONITORING LOCATIONS ..................................................................................................... 48 FIGURE 3.10: SURFACE WATER SAMPLING LOCATIONS ....................................................................................... 49 FIGURE 3.11: GROUND WATER SAMPLING LOCATIONS ....................................................................................... 52 FIGURE 3.12: FOREST MAP OF GUJARAT (SOURCE: INTERNET) ........................................................................... 68 FIGURE 3.13: MAP OF NATIONAL PARKS AND WILDLIFE SANCTUARIES IN GUJARAT (SOURCE: INTERNET) ....... 68 FIGURE 4.1: GLC OF SO2 (24 HOURS) DURING FLARING ...................................................................................... 91 FIGURE 4.2: GLC OF NO2 (24 HOURS)DURING FLARING ...................................................................................... 92 FIGURE 4.3: GLC OF CO (1 HOUR)DURING FLARING ............................................................................................. 93 FIGURE 4.4: GLC OF CO (1 HOUR)DURING DG SET OPERATION ........................................................................... 95 FIGURE 4.5: GLC OF NO2 (24 HOUR)DURING DG SET OPERATION ....................................................................... 96 FIGURE 4.6: GLC OF PM (24 HOUR)DURING DG SET OPERATION ........................................................................ 97 FIGURE 9.1: FLOW CHART FOR WASTE MANAGEMENT ..................................................................................... 158 FIGURE 9.2: WATER BALANCE FOR DRILLING ..................................................................................................... 174




Page vii

LIST OF ANNEXURE

ANNEXURE A: APPROVED TOR

ANNEXURE B: PSC DOCUMENT

ANNEXURE C: PETROLEUM MINING LEASE DOCUMENT

ANNEXURE D: PREVIOUS ENVIRONMENTAL CLEARANCE LETTER

ANNEXURE E: TRANSFER OF ENVIRONMENTAL CLEARANCE LETTER

ANNEXURE F: TRANSFER OF THE ASSIGNMENT OF EXPLORATION, DEVELOPMENT,

PRODUCTION, AND SALE OF PRODUCTS.

ANNEXURE G: QCI/NABET CERTIFICATE OF THE CONSULTANT

ANNEXURE H: NABL CERTIFICATE OF THE LAB

ANNEXURE I: MOEF CERTIFICATE OF THE LAB

ANNEXURE J: CORPORATE ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY OF SUN PETRO

ANNEXURE K: MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEET

ANNEXURE L: COMMITMENT FOR THE USE OF WBM

ANNEXURE M: HSE POLICY OF SUN PETRO

ANNEXURE N: ENVIRONMENT ASPECT – IMPACT ASSOCIATED WITH PROJECT

ANNEXURE O: SAFETY MANAGEMET PLAN

ANNEXURE P: RISK REGISTER

ANNEXURE Q: EMERGENCY RESPONSE PLAN

ANNEXURE R: CONTRACTOR`S EMPLOYEE SAFETY

ANNEXURE S: PERMIT TO WORK

ANNEXURE T: TSDF AND CETP CERTIFICATES

ANNEXURE U: Proceedings of the public hearing




Page viii

UNDERTAKING

The Environmental Impact Assessment Report and Environment Management Plan of

Exploration and Development of Drilling Wells in the Existing PMLarea (PML 4 sq.km)

of Baola Field at Village Salajada, Tehsil Bavla, District Ahmedabad, and Gujarat by M/s

Sun Petrochemicals Pvt. Ltd are sole property of the Sun Petrochemicals Pvt. Ltd (Sun Oil

& Natural Gas Division) Mumbai.




Page ix

DECLARATION OF CONSULTANTS

Declaration by Experts contributing to the EIA of Exploration and Development of

Drilling Wells in the Existing PMLarea (PML 4 sq.km) of Baola Field at Village - Salajada,

Tehsil - Bavla, District- Ahmedabad, Gujarat.

I, hereby, certify that I was a part of the EIAEMP team in the following capacity that

developed theabove EIA.

EIA Coordinator:

Name:B.M.Sinha

Signature & Date: March2018

Period of Involvement: September 2017– Present

Contact Information: Mantec Consultants, D-36, Sector-06, Noida-201301

(0120-4215000/804)

Functional Area Experts:

S.No. Functional

Areas

Name of the

Experts

Involvement

(Period & Task*)

Signature & Date

1. AP* Mr. S.B.

Sinha

Consultancy provided in

functional area of Air Pollution

Prevention, Monitoring & Control.

(Nov-Dec 2017)

12.03.2018

2. WP* Mr. S.B.

Sinha


functional area of Water Pollution

Prevention, Control & Prediction

of impacts. (Nov-Dec 2017)

12.03.2018

3. SHW* Mr. S.B.

Sinha


functional area of Solid Waste &

Hazardous Waste Management.

(Nov-Dec 2017)

12.03.2018

4. SE* Mr. Anil

Kumar


functional area of Socio

Economics.( (Nov-Dec 2017)

12.03.2018

5. EB* Mr. Vivek

Dwivedi


functional area of Ecology &

Biodiversity.( (Nov-Dec 2017)) 12.03.2018

6. HG* Mr. R. K.

Khanna


functional areas of Hydrology,

Ground Water & Water

Conservation. ((Nov-Dec 2017)) 12.03.2018

7. GEO* Mr. B.M.

Sinha


functional area of Geology. (Nov-

Dec 2017)) 12.03.2018




Page x

8. SC* Dr. Vivek

Dwivedi


functional area of Soil

Conservation. ((Nov-Dec 2017)) 12.03.2018

9. AQ* Mr. S.B.

Sinha


functional area of Meteorology,

Air Quality Modeling &

Prediction.((Nov-Dec 2017)) 12.03.2018

10. NV* Mr. A.S.

Brara


functional area of Noise study.

((Nov-Dec 2017)) 12.03.2018

11. LU* Mr. Deepak

Srivastav


functional area of Land Use.

(Nov-Dec 2017) 12.03.2018

12. RH* Ms Anuradha

Sharma


functional area of Risk& Hazards.

(Nov-Dec 2017) 12.03.2018

Declaration by the Head of the Accredited Consultant Organization

I, A. S. Brara, hereby, confirm that the above-mentioned experts prepared theEIA EMP

Report of Exploration and Development of Drilling Wells in the Existing PML area (PML

4 sq.km) of Baola Field at Village - Salajada, Tehsil - Bavla, District- Ahmedabad, Gujarat.

I also confirm that I shall be fully accountable for any mis-leading information mentioned in

this statement.

Signature :

Name : Mr. A.S. Brara

Designation : CMD

Name of the EIA Consultant Organization: Mantec Consultants Pvt. Ltd., Noida-201301

NABET Certificate No. & Issue date:S.No. 99/ Rev. 63/March05, 2018

S.No. Functional Area Code Complete name of the Functional Areas

1. AP Air Pollution Prevention, Monitoring & Control

2. WP Water Pollution Prevention, Control & Prediction of impacts

3. SHW Solid Waste & Hazardous Waste Management

4. SE Socio-Economics

5. EB Ecology & Biodiversity

6. HG Hydrology, Ground Water & Water Conservation

7. GEO Geology

8. SC Soil Conservation

9. AQ Meteorology, Air Quality Modeling & Prediction

10. NV Noise/Vibration

11. LU Land Use

12. RH Risk Assessment & Hazard Management




Page 1

Executive Summary

M/s Sun Petrochemicals Private Limited (SunPetro) Company is engaged in the business of

Exploration and Production of Crude Oil and Natural Gas. The company holds mining lease

for Baola field in Gujarat for exploration and production under Production Sharing Contracts

(PSC) signed with the Government of India. Earlier, Government of India had awarded the

Baola field to Interlink Petroleum Limited (IPL) under production sharing contract (PSC) for

expeditious exploitation of hydrocarbon. Based on the interpretation of 3D data, one appraisal

well Baola#8 was drilled in 2010-11 by IPL. PSC for Baola field was transferred to SunPetro

on 10th

Jun,2016 by Ministry of Petroleum and Natural Gas (MoPNG), Government of India.

Mining Lease for Baola Field was transferred and re-granted to SunPetro from

InterlinkPetroleum Limited (IPL) on 13th

Feb, 2017 by State Government.

The application for obtaining ToR to the project was submitted to MoEF&CC, New Delhi on

06th

Feb 2018 vide their letter no Sunpetro/Song/Baola(MU)/E&P/MoEF/2018/281 dated 30th

January 2018.

The project was granted Standard ToR by MoEF&CC, New Delhi on 11th

March 2018 vide

its File No No.IA-J-11011/522/2017-IA-II(I).

The proposed project is a drilling project, which will use water-based mud during drilling

operation. The expected production of hydrocarbon is 200 barrels per day of crude oil.

The baseline data for the project was collected in the post monsoon season from October

2017 to December 2017. The air monitoring stations were selected in Project Site ,

Badarkha,Baola,Rasam,Rupal,Zekadaa,Kerala and Bhayal. The concentration of PM10, PM2.5,

SO2, NO2, CO were found in the range of 96-52 µg/m3, 57-24 µg/m

3, 14-5 µg/m

3, 26-13

µg/m3 and 1 -0.52 mg/m

3 respectively. The presence of Hydrocarbon, Non-Methane Hydro

Carbon and Volatile Organic Compounds were not found in the study area. The air quality

modelling was carried out for both the scenario of DG set operation and Flaring operation. It

was observed that flaring will not affect the baseline environment as it adds very little amount

of pollutants as compared to the exisintg baseline concentration. The results are given below:

S.No. Pollutants Incremental

value, µg/m3

Baseline Data,

Max, µg/m3

GLC, µg/m3 Standards

(NAAQS)

µg/m3

1 NO2 (24 hr) 1.76 26 27.76 80

2 SO2(24 hr) 0.016 14 14.016 80

3 CO (1 hr) 55 1000 1055 4000




Page 2

Similarly for the DG set, the GLCs were found in the range of NAAQS 2009.

Parameter Incrmental

Concentration

(g/ m3)

Baseline Data,

Max, µg/m3

GLCs, µg/m3 Standards

(NAAQS)

µg/m3

NO2(24 hr) 24.1 26 50.1 80

PM(24 hr) 1.22 96 96.122 100

CO (1 hr) 147 1000 1147 4000

The baseline data for ground water and surface water have also been collected from the

nearby villages. Total five surface water and ten ground water locations were identified for

the sampling. The total coliform and faecal coliforms (MPN/100 ml) were found in the range

of 545-365 and 147-85 respectively. However, in ground water no coliforms were observed.

The overall surface and ground water qualities are found within the range of drinking water

standards except MPN in surface water. Presence of MPN in surafce water can be inferred

that the surface runoff adds faecal matter to the surface water and so the coliforms.

The noise sampling was done in 8 locations in the 1 km area of the project. The baseline

noise are found in day and night in the range of 62.4 – 44.6 dB(A) and 48.6 – 38.2 dB(A).

The soil samples were collected from five sampling location in the study area. The analysis

of soil clearly indicates that teh soil is primarily sandy loam in nature. Sodium absorption

ratio is found in the range of 1.08 to 0.55. CEC is found between 9.18-8.24 meq/100gm while

the NPKs are found in the range of 22.8-18.2 mg/100gm, 0.96 – 0.76 mg/100gm and 0.9-2.3

mg/100gm respectively.

The project village Salajada located at Baola sub-districtwith 321 households having

population of 1,423 with 736 males and 687 females forming the sex ratio of the village 933

females per 1,000 males. In the village about 12.7 per cent population belongs to (0-6) age

group having sex ratio of 828 boys per 1,000 girl child. The literacy rate in the project village

is 75.4 per cent with 86.7 per cent male and 63.6 per cent female literacy rate. Out of the total

population of the village, about 44.4 per cent are working and remaining 55.6 per cent are

non-working population. The project village has a government primary school, a primary

health sub-centre and a family welfare centre. The village is connected with the roads which

are black topped (pakka), gravel (kachcha) and footpath facilitated with public bus services,

auto & taxi services. The people of the project village mostly used Tap and Tank as a sources

for drinking water.




Page 3

The total number of personnel involved in the site construction and Drilling activities is

expected to be between aprox.50 and aprox. 80 respectively. Total water requirement is 25

m3/day. The estimated cost of the proposed project is INR 32 million per well and the project

period is six months. The project would generate employment to the local persons and once

the production starts, it will improve the economy of the area and state as well. Proper

mitigation measure and management practices will be used to cater the need of environment

protection. Environmental Monitoring shall be done on regular basis and six months

compliance will be submitted to the Regional Office of MoEF&CC. A budget of Rs

43,30,000/- is earmarked for the EMP.




Page 4

CHAPTER-1 : Introduction

1.0 Preamble

Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) is the management tool to ensure the sustainable

development and it is a process, used to identify the environmental, social, and economic

impacts of a project prior to decision-making. It is a decision making tool, which guides the

decision makers in taking appropriate decisions for any project. EIA systematically examines

both beneficial and adverse consequences of the project and ensures that these impacts

aretaken into account during the project designing. It also reduces conflicts by promoting

community participation, information, decision makers, and helps in developing the base for

environmentally sound project. In order to assess the likely impacts arising out of the project,

the Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) study is undertaken, which will be followed by

preparation of an Environmental Management Plan (EMP) to minimize those adverse

impacts. All the proposed activities shall be commenced at site only after obtaining necessary

approvals from concerned authorities i.e. MoEF&CC /SEIAA and SPCB.

1.1 Need of the Project

With the additional wells at Baola Field, present crude oil and gas production is expected to

be increased which would contribute in the development of the country and the local area.The

increased production would generate additional revenue for the State Government as well as

for the Central Government by way of payments because of Royalty, CESS, and taxation.

This will also assist in the economic development of this less developed area in Gujarat by

means of generating direct and indirect employment opportunities for the local people of the

region.

1.2 Scoping of the Project

The project envisages monetization of Baola Oil & Gas field .The proposed wells in Baola

Field would be connected for production to Group Well Head Installation Facility (GWHI)

very near to the wells. From GWHI, the Crude Oil will be transferred to the nearest ONGC

processing facility (Nawagaon) for treatment of the crude to be sold to Indian Oil Corporation

limited (IOCL) or to small private buyers as per the PSC terms. SunPetro will sell the gas (if

found economical after testing) in the local market.




Page 5

Detailsof Statutory requirements are given below:

Table 1.1: Statutory Requirements S.No Particulars Letter No and Date

1 Approved ToR MoEF&CC File No.IA-J-11011/522/2017-IA-II(I) date

11.03.2018 (Enclosed as Annexure-A)

2 Production

Sharing

Contract

The DGH, MPNG, GoI has issued PSC vide its letter

DGH/PF/Baola/PI/PSC Amendment No-1/2016 dated

10.06.2016.(Enclosed as Annexure-B)

3 Petroleum Mining

Lease

No. PML-10-2008-940-E dated 13.02.2017

(Enclosed as Annexure-C)

4 Earlier

Environmental

Clearance

F.No. J-11011/729/2009-IA II (i) dated 19.08.2010 (Enclosed as

Annexure-D)

5 Transfer of EC EC is transferred vide MoEF&CC File No J-11011/729/2009-IA

II (i) dated 28.02.2018.(Enclosed as Annexure-E)

6 Transfer of the

Assignment of

Exploration,

Development,

Production and

Sale of Products

MoPNG File No O-19025.4/2010(Part)-ONG-D-V dated 18th

March 2016 (Enclosed as Annexure-F)

1.3 Environmental Sensitivity of the Project

Environmental sensitivity of the project, which includes important ecological features and

social infrastructures within 10 km radius from the Baola field, is given below in Table 1.2.

Table 1.2: Environmental Sensitivity

S.No. Sensitive Ecological

Feature

Name Aerial Distance (in

km.) from Mine

Lease boundary

1 National Park / Wildlife

Sanctuary

None -

2 Reserve forests None -




Page 6

3 Tiger Reserve/Elephant

Reserve / Turtle Nesting

Ground

None -

4 Core Zone of Biosphere

Reserve

None -

5 Habitat for migratory birds None -

6 Lakes/Reservoir/Dams Lake in Juwal

Pond in Baola

9.5 km NW

5 km NW

7 Stream/Rivers None -

8 Estuary/Sea None -

9 Mangroves None -

10 Mountains/Hills None -

11 Notified Archaeological

sites

None -

12 Industries/Thermal Power

Plants

None -

13 Defense Installation None -

14 Airports Ahmedabad Airport 50 kms

15 Railway Lines Bavla Railway Station 8 km

16 National / State Highways SH 144

SH 74

SH 4

NH 8A

3 KM North

Passing through

the field

6 km East

5 km NW

17 Important worship place Mahdavia Masjid, Rupal

Shri Swaminarayan Mandir,

Radhanpuri

Tajdare Madina Masjid,

Radhanpuri

Chachravadi Maa Temple

1.25 km SW of oil

field

9.5 km SE of Oil

Field

9.6 km SE of Oil

Field

9.6 KM North East




Page 7

Figure1.1: Environmental Sensitivity Map




Page 8

1.4 Terms of Reference

The application for obtaining ToR for the project of “Exploration and Development of

drilling wells in the existing PML area(PML 4 sq. km) of Baola field at village- Salajada,

Tehsil – Bavla, District- Ahmedanad, Gujarat has been submitted by M/s Sun Petrochemicals

Pvt. Ltd. was submitted to MoEF&CC, New Delhivide their letter no

Sunpetro/Song/Baola(MU)/E&P/MoEF/2018/281 on 30th

January 2018.

The project was granted Standard ToR by MoEF&CC, New Delhi on 11th

March 2018 vide

its File No No.IA-J-11011/522/2017-IA-II(I).

The point-wise compliance of the TOR is given in Table-1.3 as under:-

Table 1.3: Point-Wise Compliance of Prescribed ToR

S. No. ToR POINT COMPLIANCE

1 Executive summary of the

project

Executive Summary is given from Page No 1 to

Page No. 3.

2 Project description, project

objectives, and project

benefits.

Project description : Drilling wells in Baola

field by M/s Sun Petrochemicals Private Limited

(SunPetro) company in Baola Oil/Gas field in

District: Ahmedabad, State: Gujarat. Baola field

covering an area of 4 sq. km.Number of Existing

Wells are 3 whereas new wells are proposed for

drilling.

Proposed Objectives: The project envisages

monetization of Baola Oil & Gas field .The

proposed wells in Baola Field will be connected

for production to Group Well Head Installation

Facility (GWHI) very near to the wells. From

GWHI, the Crude Oil will be transferred to

the nearest ONGC processing facility

(Nawagaon) for treatment of the crude to be sold

to Indian Oil Corporation limited (IOCL) or to

small private buyers as per the PSC terms.

SunPetro will sell the gas in the local market.




Page 9

Project benefits: The project is fulfillment of the

Production Sharing Contract between the

Company (Sun Petro) and Directorate General of

Hydrocarbon, Govt. of India. It is one of the

prospective aeas for natural gases by Ministry of

Petroleum and Natural Gas, Govt. of India. The

viability of the drilling wells will add onto the

natural resources in national level with overall

growth in Indian economy.

(Details are given in Page No 16 – Page No 18).

3 Cost of project and period of

completion

The estimated cost of the proposed project is INR

32 million per well and the project period is six

months (Page No 18).

4 Site details within 1 km of the

each proposed well, any

habitation, any other

installation/activity, flora and

fauna, approachability to site,

other activities including

agriculture/land, satellite

imagery for 10 km area. All

the geological details shall be

mentioned in the Topo sheet of

1:40000 scale, superimposing

the well locations and other

structures of the projects.

Topography of the project site.

Environmental Sensitive Map and Study Area

Map of 10 km Radial Zone given in Figure 1.1

(Page No 7) and Figure 3.1 (Page No 31)

respectively.

5 Details of sensitive areas such

as National Park, Wildlife

sanctuary and any other eco-

sensitive area alongwith map

indicating distance.

Environmental Sensitivity (within 10 km study

area) is given in Table 1.2 (Page No 5).

Environmental Sensitivity Map is given in

Figure 1.1 (Page No 7).




Page 10

6 Approval for the forest land

from the State/Central Govt.

under Forest (Conservation)

Act, 1980, if applicable.

Forest Land is not involved.

7 Recommendation of

SCZMA/CRZ clearance as per

CRZ Notification dated 6th

January, 2011 ( if applicable)

Not applicable

8 Distance from nearby

critically/severely polluted

area as per Notification, if

applicable. Status of

moratorium imposed on the

area.

Not applicable

9 Does proposal

involverehabilitation and

resettlement? If yes, details

thereof

No

10 Environmental considerations

in the selection of the drilling

locations for which

environmental clearance is

being sought. Present any

analysis suggested for

minimizing the footprint

giving details of drilling and

development options

considered.

The proposed project is an existing oilfield for

which the PML is granted to Sun Petro vide its

letter PML-10-2008-940-E dated 13.02.2017.

Drilling plan for Baola field is given in Chapter 2

at Section 2.6 (Page No 19).

11 Baseline data collection for air,

water and soil for one season

leaving the monsoon season in

an area of 10 km radius with

The baseline data was collected for post monsoon

season during October 2017 to December 2017.

Results of the air, water, noise, soil, and EB are

given in Chapter-3 (Page No 36 to Page No 68).




Page 11

centre of Oil Field as its centre

covering the area of all

proposed drilling wells

12 Climatology and Meteorology

including wind speed, wind

direction, temperature rainfall

relative humidity etc.

Climatology and Meteorology including wind

speed, wind direction, temperature rainfall

relative humidity data is given in Chapter 3 (Page

No 33 to Page No 35).

13 Details of Ambient Air Quality

monitoring at 8 locations for

PM2.5, PM10, SO2, NOx, CO,

VOCs, Methane and non-

methane HC.

Ambient air quality data is given in Chapter 3

(Page No 40 to Page No 47).

14 Soil sample analysis (physical

and chemical properties) at the

areas located at 5 locations

Soil sample analysis (physical and chemical

properties) at the areas located at 5 locations data

is given in Chapter 3 (Page No 37 – Page No 38).

15 Ground and surface water

quality near the proposed wells

site.

Ground and surface water quality near the

proposed wells site data is given in Chapter 3


16 Measurement of Noise levels

within 1 km radius of the

proposed wells.

Measurement of Noise levels within 1 km radius

of the proposed wells data is given in Chapter 3


17 Vegetation and land use;

flora/fauna in the block area

with details of endangered

species, if any.

Vegetation and land use; flora/fauna in the block

area with details of endangered species data

given in Chapter 3 (Page No 58 to Page No 68).

18 Incremental GLC as a result of

DG set operation, flaring etc.

Incremental GLC because of DG set operation,

flaring are given in Section 4.2.3 in Chapter-4

(Page No 89 to Page No 97) .

19 Potential environmental

impact envisaged during

various stages of project

activities such as site

Potential environmental impact data is given in

Chapter 4 at Page No 85 to Page No 87.




Page 12

activation, development,

operation/ maintenance and

decommissioning

20 Actual source of water and

'Permission' for the drawl of

water from the Competent

Authority.

Detailed water balance,

wastewater generation, and

discharge.

Water will be sourced by the Rig contractor by

the water tankers.

Total water requirement is 25 m3/day. The water

balance chart is given at Figure 9.1 (Page No

168).

21 Noise abatement measures and

measures to minimize

disturbance due to light and

visual intrusions

Details are given in Table 9.1 and Table 9.2 in

Chapter 9 (Page No 137 to Page No 139).

22 Details on solid waste

management for drill cuttings,

drilling mud and oil sludge,

produced sand, radio

activematerials, other

hazardous materials, etc.

including its disposal options

during all project phases.

Details are given in Section 9.7.5 and 9.7.6 in

Chapter 9 (Page No 150 and Page No 169).

23 Details on wastewater

generation, treatment and

utilization /discharge for

produced water/ formation

water, cooling waters, other

wastewaters, etc.

duringallprojectphases

Details are given in Section 9.7.1 (Page No 168)

and in Table 9.1 (Page No 137) and Table 9.2

(Page No 139) in Chapter 9.

24 Disposal of spent oil and lube. Used Oil & filters and spare parts, can largely be

recycled. All such waste will be collected and




Page 13

transported out of the project area and sold to

authorized recyclers. Details are given in Table

9.1 (Page No 137) and Table 9.2 (Page No 139).

25 Storage of chemicals and

diesel at site. Hazardous

material usage, storage and

accounting

Storage of chemicals at site as per MSDS

provided by the supplier. MSDS for handling of

crude oil is attached as Annexure K. Hazardous

material usage, storage, and accounting are all

done as per the SOP of Sun Petro, which is

abiding by standard procedure given in OISD.

Details of waste management are given in

Section 9.3 of Chapter 9 at Page No 150.

26 Commitment for the use of

water based mud (WBM) only.

The drilling will be done by using water-based

mud (WBM) only. An undertaking is attached as

Annexure L.

27 Oil spill emergency plans for

recovery/ reclamation

Oil spill emergency plan for recovery/

reclamation is prepared as per OISD Norms and

incorporated at Section 7.2 of Chapter 7 at Page

No. 128.

28 H2S emissions control No H2S emissions associated with the project.

29 Produced oil/gas handling,

processing and

storage/transportation

The proposed project is mainly for oil

production. The produced oil will be stored in a

local storage tank from there it will be

transported to the buyer/local market through

tankers. Details are given at Page No 25 of

Section 2.14 in Chapter 2.

30 Details of control of air, water,

and noise pollution during

production phase.

Regular monitoring will be done after obtaining

Environmental Clearance. Details of control of

air, water, and noise pollution during production

phase are given in Table 9.2 (Page No.139) and

in Table 9.3 (Page No 150).

31 Measures to protect ground Details are given in Table 9.2 (Page No.139) in




Page 14

water and shallow aquifers

from contamination.

Chapter 9.

32 Whether any burn pits being

utilised for well test

operations.

Not Required

33 Risk assessment and disaster

management plan for

independent reviews of well-

designed construction etc. for

prevention of blow out.

Blowout preventer installation

Risk assessment and disaster management plan is

given in Chapter 7 (Page No.116).

Blowout preventer installation will be as per Oil

Industry Safety Directorate (OIDS).

34 Environmental management

plan

Environmental management plan is given in

Chapter 9 (Page No 134).

35 Total capital and recurring cost

for environmental control

measures

Total Budget for the Environmental Monitoring

Program is Rs 43, 30,000.00 for next five years

given in Chapter 6 (Page No 115).

36 Emergency preparedness plan. Emergency preparedness plan is given in

Annexure Q.

37 Decommissioning and

restoration plans

Details are given in section 2.10 in Chapter 2

(Page No 22).

38 Documentary proof of

membership of common

disposal facilities, if any.

SunPetro has taken the membership of Treatment

Storage and Disposal Facility (TSDF) for the

disposal of Hazardous waste at the time of

drilling (Documents in enclosed at Annexure T).

39 Details of environmental and

safety related documentation

within the company including

documentation and proposed

occupational health and safety

Surveillance Safety

Programme for all personnel at

site. This shall also include

SunPetro has HSE Apex manual, which includes

1. HSE Policy of SunPetro (Annexure M)

2. Environment Aspect-Impact associated with

the projects (Annexure N)

3. Safety Management Plan (Annexure O)

4. Risk Register (Annexure P)

5. Emergency Response Plan (Annexure Q)

6. Contractor‟s Safety Management (Annexure




Page 15

monitoring programme for the

environmental

R)

7. Work for Permit (Annexure S)

40 A copy of Corporate

Environment Policy of the

company as per the Ministry's

O.M. No. J-11013/41/2006-

IA.II(I) dated 26th April, 2011

available on the Ministry's

website.

Copy of Corporate Environmental Policy is

attached as Annexure-J.

41 Any litigation pending against

the project and or any

direction/order passed by any

court of law against the

project. If so details thereof.

No litigation is pending against the project.




Page 16

CHAPTER-2 : Project Description

2.1 Project Proponent

M/s Sun Petrochemicals Private Limited (SunPetro) Company is engaged in the business of


for Baola Gas field in Gujarat for exploration and production under Production Sharing

Contracts (PSC) signed with the Government of India. PSC for Baola field was transferred to

SunPetro on 10th

June, 2016 by Ministry of Petroleum and Natural Gas (MoPNG),

Government of India.

Mining Lease for Baola Field was transferred and re-granted to SunPetro from Interlink

Petroleum Limited (IPL) on 13th

Feb, 2017 by State Government. The Baola field is located

in the petroliferous Cambay basin which has excellent infrastructure and is in close

proximity to the local market for oil and gas. Upon the grant of transfer of PSC from

IPL, SunPetro used chemical treatment technique to produce heavy oil from Baola field in

Dec. 2016.

Sun Petro intends to drill new wells in the field near the existing three wells. The estimated

cost of the proposed project is INR 32 million per well. Baola # 8 well in the field is currently

producing the crude oil and is in testing phase.

2.2 Brief description of the project

The Project involves the monetization of Baola Field through Crude Oil and Gas production.

The site has three existing wells at present. Two are old wells drilled by ONGC and other one

was by Interlinked, whichare operational.The various activities of the project are:

Drilling of new wells in future

Construction of Group Well Head Installation




Page 17

Figure 2.1: Location map of the project

2.3 Salient Features

Salient features of the project are given below in the Table 2.1.

Table 2.1 : Salient feature of the project

Name of the Project Exploration and Development of Drilling Wells

in the Existing PMLarea (PML 4 sq.km) of

Baola Field at Village Salajada, Tehsil Bavla,

District Ahmedabad, Gujarat

Location Baola Oil/Gas field in District: Ahmedabad, State:

Gujarat

Size of the Project Baola field covering an area of 4 sq. km.

Number of Existing Wells 03

Ground Elevation 25 metres above MSL

Depth of each Well Average depth 1500-2000 m below MSL




Page 18

Total Estimated Drilling

Period for each well

90 days

Total Estimated Testing

Period for each well

21 days

Type of hydrocarbon

expected

Oil (200 bbls per day),

Gas (secondary)

Proposed Drilling Fluid for

each well

Water-based mud system (Environmental

friendly system)

Anticipated Volume of

Cuttings for each well

250-500 cu. metres (approximately)

Estimated Cost of the

Project

INR 32 million per well

2.4 Project Benefits

The project is fulfillment of the Production Sharing Contract between the Company (Sun

Petro) and Directorate General of Hydrocarbon, Govt. of India. It is one of the prospective

area for natural gases by Ministry of Petroleum and Natural Gas, Govt. of India. The viability

of the drilling wells will add onto the natural resources in national level with overall growth

in Indian economy.

2.5 Land Details of the Project

Baola Field has a total Mining Lease Area of 4 Sq. Km and the land for the existingwells is

taken on lease. The additional land associated with drilling and developmentoperations of

proposed wells is being acquired on lease / rental basis from the farmerson prevailing prices.

The land is flat with slope ranging from 0 to 1 % medium black and sandy loam soil. The

most predominant problem of soil in this area is loss of upper fertile soil layer, which is

washed away by intensity of rainfall. The land use within the BaolaField can be broadly

classified into Land under agriculture use, Rainfed area, Gauchar Land, Waste Land

(Cultivable & Non-Cultivable).




Page 19

2.6 Drilling Plan for Baola Field

2.6.1 Drilling and Completion

In Baola field the Drilling TD is about 1000-1100 mtrs. The well construction will be done

with two Casing policies and for this drilling rig of 150 ton or 750 hp will be deployed.

Drilling rig package include Rig, capable to drill up to a depth of 2000 mtrs, carrier mounted

from drilling contractor. In addition, other services such as Mud services, logging, cementing,

site construction etc will be used.

2.6.2 Well Drilling Strategy

It is proposed to drill development wells for the two fields operated by SunPetro in same

campaign so as to save on Mob-demob charges. This will also help in optimising expenditure

on materials consumed. The surface hole will be spud with open cellar to drill up to 50 mtrs.

The main Drilling challenge is to avoid loss and mud channeling on surface. After drilling of

top 50 mtr, further drilling will be with control rate ROP. Surface hole will be drilled with

bentonite mud and the lower 8 ½” section will be drilled with KCL POLYMER mud. While

drilling shale formation, shale inhabitations chemicals will be used and to avoid differential

stuck of pipe, proper lubrication will be added in Mud system. Further mud improvement

through monitoring will be carried out so that it will not damage the reservoir.

Well Design and Well Completion (Production, injection, etc.)

The wells will be drilled as vertical wells designed for two casing policy, for the wells drilled

for true vertical depth of 1100 mtr. The well design consist of two casing

1. The surface casing - 9 5/8” BTC L-80, 43.5 ppf setting depth approx. 400-500 mtr

and

2. The Production casing - 5 ½” L-80,17ppf, Setting depth 1100 m.

The planned Casing metallurgy is as follows:

A. 9 5/8” Surface casing : 43.5 ppf, L-80 grade.

1. Wall thickness : 11 mm

2. ID : 222.4 mm

3. Collapse : 26.3 Mpa.




Page 20

4. Internal yield strength pressure : 43.5 Mpa

5. Pipe body yield strength : 447 (1000 daN)

6. Torque : Torque up to Diamond mark on Csg.

B. 5 ½” Production Casing 17 ppf, L-80 Grade

1. Wall thickness : 7.7 mm

2. ID : 124.3 mm




6. Torque : Torque upto Diamond mark on Csg

The completion string is planned of 2 7/8” EUE tubing. The Well heads consist the 11”x 5M,

FLG top, 9 5/8” bottom with 5 ½” slip on weld with 2” LP. Thread on side outlets for Surface

casing. Surface casing setting depth is planned at approx. 400-500 mts. The planned Tubing

head spool consists of 11”x5M- 7 1/16”x5M with 2 1/16” side outlet v/v.

Cementing of 9 5/8” casing is planned as single stage cementing, with shoe track of about 20

mtr. Cementing of 5 ½” casing is also planned as single stage cementing, with shoe track of

about 20 mtr. Cement weight will be between 1.35-1.65 Sg. Disposal of drill cutting will

done as per standard Oil industry HSE policy.

The wells in Baola field are planned as vertical wells. The vertical stand-off for casing setting

is as per technical specifications. A typical well schematic is shown in figure.

Figure 2.2: Typical Well schematic




Page 21

2.7 Well Evaluation

i) Well Logging

Between the drilling operations for different zones, logging operations are undertaken

to provide information on the potential type and quantities of hydrocarbons present in

the target formations.

Technicians employed by a specialist logging Service Company do well logging.

There are many different well logging techniques including electric, sonic and

radioactive logging. Logging instruments (sensors) are attached to the bottom of a

wire line and lowered to the bottom of the well. They are then slowly brought back,

the devices reading different data as they pass each formation and recording it on

graphs, which can be interpreted by the geologist, geophysicist and drilling engineer.

No emissions are associated with wire line logging operations. The radioactive source

required for well logging operations will be kept in specially designed container under

proper storing license.

ii) Well Testing

Normally, in the event that hydrocarbons are encountered in sufficient quantities, as

determined by electric wire line logs, a temporary drill stem test string may be run and

the well fluids flowed to surface and processed using a surface well testing package.

2.8 Completion of Drilling

On completion of activities, the well will be either plugged and suspended (if the well

evaluations indicate commercial quantities of hydrocarbons) or will be killed and

permanently abandoned. In the event of a decision to suspend the well, it will be filled

with a brine solution containing very small quantities of inhibitors to protect the well.

The well will be sealed with cement plugs and some of the wellhead equipment (Blind

Flange) will be left on the surface (Cellar).

If the well is abandoned, it will be sealed with a series of cement plugs, all the

wellhead equipment will be removed leaving the surface clear of any debris and the

site will be restored.




Page 22

2.9 Rig Demobilization

Demobilization will involve the dismantling of the rig and residential camp, and

transporting it out of the project area. It is expected that demobilization will take

approximately 180 days and will require around 50 truckloads.

2.10 Restoration and Rehabilitation

If no indications of a commercial quantity of oil are encountered either before or after

testing, the well will be declared dry, accordingly plugged and abandoned, and the site

restored in line with local regulations and good industry practice. As a minimum, the

following steps will be undertaken to restore and rehabilitate the area:

The wellhead and all casing string will be cut off to a minimum depth of 3 m (10

ft) below ground level.

All concrete structures will be broken up, and the debris disposed off as per the

regulatory requirements.

All other waste products, solid and liquid, will be disposed of in accordance with

the requirements of the EIA and will be treated to render them harmless.

All fencing and access gates will be removed.

All pits whose contents would show regulatory compliance for on-site disposal, at

the time of site closure, will be backfilled and closed out as per the legal

requirements. Tree plantation will be done on the closed pits to restore the original

top soil conditions.

That portion of the access track likely to be of no use for other exploratory wells

in the reserved forest will be restored by removing cross drainage structures.

2.11 Staffing

The total number of personnel involved in the site construction and Drilling activities

is expected to be between aprox.50 and aprox. 80 respectively. At any one time there

will be 25-35 staff and security personnel on the well site thus a small accommodation

area will be set up to provide boarding & lodging. Rest of the staff will be housed in

contractor‟s camp and will commute on 12 hrs shift basis to the well site.

2.12 Supplies during Well Drilling

All supplies, both for the drilling rig and machinery and for the camp at the well site

as well as drilling site will be transported probably from Ahmedabad.This will include




Page 23

all fuels and oils, chemicals for drilling mud, spare parts for the rig, vehicles,, and

food and other supplies for the residential camp. Fuels, oils, and chemicals will be

unloaded in designated areas with impermeable floors (either concrete or covered

with an impermeable material) and lined by dykes or walls to prevent soil and water

contamination from spills. A catering company will be contracted to provide the

messing facility at the residential camp.

Fuel

It is estimated that approximately 170 liters of fuel (high-speed diesel) will be

consumed per hour during the drilling operation for all uses. The fuel will be provided

by the drilling contractor and transported to site in tankers.

Water

During the drilling process, a maximum of 25 m3/day/well (25,000 liters) of water

will be required to run the drill rig continuously, 24 hours a day. The total water

requirement for the drilling phase is estimated to be 2250 m3 for each well. This does

not include the volume of water for dilution of wastewater, if required, for discharge

into natural drains.

The water will be sourced through authorized vendors to meet the water requirement

during drilling.

Electricity

Diesel generators will be used to generate power to operate the drill rig and for the

residential camp. It is estimated that four diesel-engine generators, each with a

capacity of 360 KVA, will be sufficient for rig operations.

Chemical Usage

Various chemicals will be used during the drilling phase. At the planning stage, an

estimate of the potential usage for every chemical will be made. Some of the

major chemicals, which are planned to be used for the drilling campaign, are as

follows:

Barite

Defoamer




Page 24

Chrome free Lignosulphate

Shale Inhibitor

Oxygen Scavenger

Sodium Bicarbonate

Bentonite

Caustic Soda-only in drums

Concentrated Corrosion Inhibitor.

PAC (Polyanionic Cellulose)

Xanthum Gum

Bactericide.

Cloud Point Glycol

Mica

Nut plug

Kwik-Seal.

Wyoming Bentonite.

During the operation, chemical usage will be monitored and efforts will be made to reduce

chemical usage as much as technically feasible.

2.13 Waste Streams

The following types of wastes are likely to be generated during exploratory drilling:

Drill Cuttings: comprising of drilled formation cuttings, mainly comprise of shale,

sands and clay;

Waste drilling fluid (mud): Generated from treatment of return drilling fluid from

well for solids removal;

Drilling Wastewater: The drilling wastewater generated as a result of washings of

drilling cuttings, silt and sand comprises of chemical ingredients of drilling fluid

thereby rendering effluent to be polluted and needs prior treatment before

discharge to meet the given criteria for its discharge;

Chemical Sludge: Wastewater treatment would result in generation of chemical

sludge.

Hydrocarbon Wastes: Used oils from oil changes, waste, or leakage from

equipment or diesel storage tanks. Used oil (from engine oil changes) is

designated as hazardous;

Non hazardous solid waste: Non hazardous wastes like paper, wood, plastics,

containers, etc.,




Page 25

Off specified hazardous wastes: Off specified hazardous wastes are Containers

(including poly bags) holding hazardous ingredients like fluid, or testing

chemicals, or previously holding volumes of hazardous chemicals or used

batteries, etc.; and

Medical Wastes: Medical wastes like bandages; syringes; etc are also classified as

hazardous.

Biodegradable waste: The drilling/camp site would generate food waste or fallen

leaves constituting biodegradable wastes.

Air Emissions: The air emissions due to the proposed exploratory drilling will be

from combustion of diesel in the diesel generators for meeting power requirement

of the drilling rig.

2.14 Produced Oil and Gas Handling, Processing and Storage

Baola field operations will be managed with well site facilities consisting of well flow line,

crude oil handling, storage & evacuation facility. Very low pressure associated gas produced

with heavy oil shall be used for internal use or flared as quantity is not economical to sell.

However development scheme for utilization of gas will also be put if considerable gas is

produced from other wells.

Flow lines from nearby wells / same well pad will come to Baola#8 handling / processing

facilities wherein they will join with the manifold. Manifold will have facility of test header

and production header with proper heating and insulations.

Produced water handling, storage and transfer will also be done in stages at Baola#8 site.

Produced water handling will involve storage, oil removal and disposal through evaporation

pond as per GPCB norms. Sludge produced in evaporation pond will be disposed through

GPCB approved agency.

The delivery point (DP) depends on mode of evacuation of crude oil. Following are the two

options for evacuation.

Option1:

It may be proposed to have delivery point at ONGC installation (Nawagam-40 Km from site)

in Ahmedabad Asset, if the crude quality and quantity is acceptable by ONGC / IOC refinery

and if viable to produce and handle. This was taken up for implementation but signing of

Service Agreement (SA) with ONGC requires crude oil storage & transfer facility near




Page 26

ONGC installation and crude oil quality with water content less than 0.5%. The sensitivity

check of financial viability was checked and found that this is not viable mainly due to nature

of crude oil from Baola field, cost involved in delivery (cost of bringing water content less

than 0.5%, ONGC handling, heating, processing, analysing, handling& transfer cost) and

marginal nature of very difficult field. Also availability of land for making storage, heating&

transfer facility near ONGC installation is an issue. Also the crude oil quality is so poor, it

will require heating of crude oil at each point of storage and delivery which makes it more

difficult for ensuring the viability.

In addition to above to prepare the crude oil saleable to ONGC, SunPetro to process the crude

oil to make in with water content less than 5 % .

CRUDE OIL STORAGE & TRANSFER FACILITY AT

ONGC INSTALLATION - NAWAGAM [ SunPetro ]

OIL

TANK

45 KLSTORAGE TANK

CRUDE OIL TRANSFER PUMP

CRUDE OILDELIVERY POINT

CRUDE OIL STORAGE TANK[ ONGC – NAWAGAON ]

CRUDE OIL STORAGE TANK

[ SunPetro ]

CRUDE OILSTORAGE TANK

ROAD TANKER FROM BAOLA

Figure 2.3: Typical Option 1 at ONGC installation

Option 2:

Delivery point is proposed at the Group Well Head Installation (GWHI) for transferring the

crude oil to third party as being disposed-off presently.SunPetro proposes to sell this very

difficult crude oil after minor treatment (to bring down the associated water content below

30%) to the local small private parties on competitive prices in accordance at arm‟s length

sale. Since Option 1 found not feasible for such a difficult crude oil and also keeping in view




Page 27

the Flow Assurance issues, it is proposed to have delivery point at the proposed Group Well

Head Installation (Option 2) for transferring the crude oil for evacuation.

OIL STORAGETANK

OIL STORAGETANK

OIL STORAGETANK

OIL STORAGETANK

Ø

Ø

TANKER LOADINGPOINT

PRODUCED WATER FROM TANK BOTTOM

FOR TREATMENT

GEAR PUMP

OIL RECIRCULATION LINE

RECOVERED OIL FROM PIT

SunPetroGWHI

Tanker Loading fromSunPetro GWHI

Oil Tanker

OIL TANKER LOADINGAT

GROUP WELL- HEAD INSTALLATION, BAOLA

Figure 2.4: Typical Option 2 at GWHI for delivery point & custody transfer

2.15 Pipelines network & details

Considering very poor chemical content and poor rheological properties of crude oil, pipeline

network has to be short with heating arrangement. It has been observed that oil cannot be

handled through conventional separators, therefore, gas separation and measurement is

planned on applying the innovative methods. Therefore, everything is to be managed within

shortest possible network area and hence facilities are envisaged in limited well site area

only.

Flow line from nearby well/same well pad will come to Baola#8 handling/processing

facilities wherein they will join with the manifold. Manifold will have facility of test header

and production header with proper heating and insulations.

The pipeline network size & length will be finalized based on surveys, availability of land

and flow assurance issues for transport of heavy oil (Figure – 2.5).




Page 28

B # 10

B # 1

B # 8

B # 9

G G S

B # 5

433.30 M

B # 1

WELL FLUID LINE[ CASING SIDE ]

B # 8

B # 9

WELL FLUID LINE[ TUBING SIDE ]

WELL FLUID LINE[ TUBING SIDE ]

WELL FLUID LINE[ CASING SIDE ]

3 " x Sch 80

2 " x Sch 80

PRODUCED WATER LINE

FLARE LINE

PRODUCED WATER LINE

FLARE LINE

WELL FLUID LINE

Existing Line:

Planned Line: …………..

PIPING NET-WORKOf

BAOLA FIELD

Figure 2.5: Tentative Piping Network for Baola Field Gas Flaring

Production flow lines from wells shall be connected to manifold before entering into

horizontal storage tank via a special small separator. Separator shall be operated at 1.5 barg

pressure controlled by a special back pressure control valve (BPCV). During normal

operating condition gas at 1.5 barg pressures will be used for internal consumption purpose as

quantity is too low for sale. In case of exigency once pressure shoots up to 2 barg, the gas

from special separator will flow through the common flaring system. The 35 meter elevated

Flare is located at a safe distance having KOD, Flame arrestor & bund around(Figure – 2.6).




Page 29

GAS FLARING SYSTEMGROUP WELL-HEAD INSTALLATION

Productionheader

Ø

*

GAS FOR INTERNAL

CONSUMPTION

SEPARATOR

P C V

P C VSPLIT CONTROL

FLARE STACK K O D

Ø

B # 1

B # 8

B # 9

P S V

FLOW METER

FLAME ARRESTOR

35 M

Figure 2.6: Tentative Gas Flaring System




Page 30

CHAPTER-3 : Description of Environment

3.1 Overview

A clear understanding of both the physical and biological characteristics of the local

environment is important in the planning for the proposed drilling wells in Baola field,

Ahmedanad District of Gujarat. Identification of both typical and extreme physical conditions

that may occur over the drilling period for the proposed exploration allows prediction of the

fate of any discharges from drilling operations and enables selection of the appropriate rig,

equipment, and training, thereby maximizing levels of safety for the duration of the operation

and minimizing the damage to local environment.

Knowledge of the characteristics of the local biological environment allows an understanding

of the potential for the operations to interact with the flora and fauna so that appropriate

controls can be adopted to mitigate negative impacts.

3.2 Site Description and Its Environment

The project site is located within Baola oil Field under Bavla Taluka of Ahmedabad District

in Gujarat. The Baola oil Field is surrounded by rural areas in the 10 km radial zone of the

present study. The study area of 10 km radial zone is shown in Figure 3.1 with main features

and villages of the study area. The study area falls in Ahmedabad district of Gujarat. State

Highway SH 74 passes through the Project Field.




Page 31

Figure 3.1:Study Area Map of 10 km Radial Zone




Page 32

54 M

48.3 M

P W PIT

THERMIC FLUIDHEATER &

EXPANSION TANK

TRANSFORMER

20 M

BAOLA

FIRE WATER POND

1

34 M

east

west

North

30 M

TANKERLOADING

POINT

PORTA CABIN

TANKAGE

Ø

Ø

WASH ROOM

SEPTIC TANK

DG

VFD

FWPSKID

TUBEWELL

POTWATERTANK

WATER POND[CANAL WATER]

FWP – 1Fire Water Pond – 2Muster Point - 3Porta Cabin & Store – 4Wash Room – 5Pot Water Tank – 6Tube Well – 7Septic Tank – 8Transformer – 9DG Set – 10

VFD - 11Wel Head – 12Test Separator – 13Oil Storage Tank – 14Prodn Manifold – 15Evacuation Header – 16Oil Loading Point – 17 PW Pit – 18Thermic Fluid Heater – 19GARDEN - 20Security Cabin - 21 B #

8

26 [ 25 ] M

TESTSEPARATOR

DHOLKA

South

PLOT PLAN FOR GROUP WELL HEAD INSTALLATIONLOCATION : BAOLA FIELD

BAOLA

DHOLKA

MUSTERPOINT

GARDEN

PANCHAYATLAND

ADDITIONALLAND

EXISTING LAND

SECURITYCABIN

Ø

STORE

FWBORE

B # 1

B # 9

PRODUCTIONMANIFOLD

OIL OUTLETMANIFOLD

Ø

HOT OILMANIFOLD

Figure 3.2: Site Facilities




Page 33

3.3 State of the Environment (Regional)

3.3.1 Topography & Geology

The geology is underlain by recently placed alluvial sands and few sporadic outcrops of

Deccan Trap and Limestone towards southern part of the region, The rock formations ranging

in age from Archaean to recent include gneises, schishts, phyllites, intrusive medium to

coarse grain sandstone, basalts and recents alluvium. The Geological Map of Gujarat state is

given as Figure 3.3. (Source: Internet)

Figure 3.3: Geological Map of Gujarat

The topography of the area is almost flat covered by brown sandy and clayey soil and has

gentle southerly and south westerly slope (towards Gulf of Khambat). The elevation of the

land surface varies from 53 ft to 104 ft above MSL. There are no hills, hillocks or undulating

land in the region.




Page 34

3.3.2 Climate

Study area has a tropical type of climate with extreme summers and winters. The Arabian Sea

and Gulf of Khambhat reduce the temperature and render the climate more pleasant and

healthy. The average annual temperature varies from 36ºC in summer to 8ºC in winter. The

relative humidity varies from maximum of 90% to a minimum of 10%. The area receives an

average annual rainfall of 732 mm. The predominant wind direction for the study period

varies from North, West, North-West, North-North-West, North-East, North- North- East to

South-East

The study area is characterized by hot summers and the four different seasons are as follows :

Winter Season : December to February

Summer Season : March to May

Monsoon Season : June to September

Post-monsoon Season : September to November.

3.3.3 Seismic Considerations

According to the Seismic-zoning Map of India [IS 1893 (Part I):2002], the study region falls

in Zone III – Moderate Seismic Intensity. The Seismic Zoning Map is shown inFigure 3.4

Figure 3.4: Seismic Zoning Map of India




Page 35

3.4 State of the Environment (Local)

The environmental status of the local vicinity at 10 km radial zone around the project site has

been studied during the post monsoon season October, November, and December 2017 and

the details are given in the following sub-sections:

3.4.1 Micro-Meteorology

Meteorological study exerts a critical influence on air quality, as it is an important factor in

governing the ambient air quality. The meteorological data recorded during the study period

is used for interpretation of the baseline information as well as input for air quality simulation

models. Meteorological data was collected in post monsoon season for the period from

October 2017 to December 2017.

The wind rose diagram for the study area is shown in Fig 3.5. The analysis of the average

wind pattern shows predominant winds from E, NNE, ENE. The calm wind (wind speed <

0.5 m/s) conditions prevailed for 26.31 % of the total time.Average wind speed is 1.52 m/s.

Figure 3.5: Windrose Diagram




Page 36

3.4.2 Topography

The topography of the project site and the study area of 10 km radial zone are almost plain.

The elevation of the study area varies from 15 m to 32 m in general. However, in the northern

side of the study area the elevations are in the range of 22 to 32 m above MSL with a gentle

slope towards south & south-west of the project site. There are no hills, hillocks or undulating

land in the study area.

3.4.3 Land Use

The landuse within the Baola Field have been studied and it can be broadly classified into

five major categories viz., Settlement, Waste Land. Vegetation. Water bodies and open and

agricultural. The land use distribution in the Baola Gas Field Area is as follows:

Table 3.1: Landuse/Landcover

S.No Classes Area (sq.km) Area in %

1 Open & Agriculture 352.49 90.78

2 Settlement 18.80 4.84

3 Vegetation 7.00 1.80

4 Water Bodies 8.92 2.30

5 Waste Land 1.06 0.27

Total 388.27 100.00

Figure 3.6: Land Use Map of Baola Field




Page 37

3.4.4 Soil Environment

Soil samples were collected from five locations of the 10 km study are around the Baola

field. Soil location map and the results are given below:

Figure 3.7: Soil Sampling Locations

Table 3.2: Soil Analysis

Location 1 Location 2 Location 3 Location 4 Location 5

Location Baola Saljada Rupal Project

Site Zekadaa

Sr. No. Parameters Units Value Value Value Value Value

1 pH - 7.76 7.68 6.88 8.12 7.26

2 Bulk Density gm/cm3 1.38 1.28 1.36 1.43 1.26

3 Conductivity Micro

mhos/cm 226 180 352 598 265

4 Moisture % 7.2 7.8 6.2 7.5 8.2

5 Texture - Sandy Loam

Sandy Loam

Sandy Loam

Sandy Loam

Sandy Loam

6 Sand % 62 70 58 70 66

7 Clay % 12 12 14 10 12

8 Silt % 26 18 28 20 22

9 Sodium mg/100gm 2.2 3.6 2.1 3.3 2.6

10 Potassium mg/100gm 1.6 2.1 0.9 2.3 1.6

11 CEC meq/100gm 8.52 8.24 9.18 7.64 8.28




Page 38

12 Nitrogen mg/100gm 18.2 22.8 18.2 18.8 20.8

13 Phosphorous mg/100gm 0.76 0.96 0.84 0.89 0.96

14 Organic Matter

%

1.26 1.12 1.09 1.32 1.14

15 Ca meq/100gm 3.24 2.82 3.45 2.28 3.26

16 Mg meq/100gm 2.32 1.82 2.06 1.08 1.18

17 SAR - 0.57 1.02 0.55 1.08 0.62

3.4.5 Air Environment

Sampling at each of the eight stations was done and on its basis the baseline data of ambient

air environment was generated for the parameters mentioned below:

1. Particulate Matter 10 micron

2. Particulate Matter 2.5 micron

3. Sulphur dioxide (SO2)

4. Nitrogen oxide (NO2)

5. Carbon Mono-Oxide

6. Methane Hydro Carbons

7. Non-Methane Hydrocarbons

8. Volatile Organic Compounds

In regard to the techniques for collection of sample of particulate matter, the “Respirable

Dust Sampler Envirotech Model APM 460 BL” was used for air monitoring. The dust

particulate matter was collected on filter paper (size GF/A20.3x25.4 cm) and dust cup and the

gaseous pollutants were collected simultaneously by a known volume of air through a

number of bubblers of different flow rate through appropriate solution for absorbing different

gases. The collected samples were analyzed according to standard method for different

pollutants.

Theory of Respirable Dust Sampler (RDS)

The principle involved in Particulate Matter (PM) sampling method is that the particles

filtered from known volume of an air sample by a suction apparatus are deposited on a filter

paper. Generally the gaseous pollutants in air are made to react with liquid absorbing media




Page 39

at atmospheric temperature and pressure when air is bubbled through the absorbing solution

in the impinger. RD sampler measures only the concentration of PM and Gases in the

ambient air.

Air is drawn through a size-selective inlet and through a 20.3 X 25.4 cm (8 X 10 in) filter at a

flow rate, which is typically 1132 L/min. Particles with aerodynamic diameter less than the

cut-point of the inlet are collected, by the filter. The mass of these particles is determined by

the difference in filter weights prior to and after sampling. The concentration of PM10 in the

designated size range is calculated by dividing the weight gain of the filter by the volume of

air sampled.

PM2.5 refers to fine particles that are 2.5 micrometers (μm) or smaller in diameter.Ambient air

is defined as any unconfined part of the Earth's atmosphere, that the surrounding outdoor air

in which humans and other organisms live and breathe.

An electrically powered air sampler draws ambient air at a constant volumetric flow rate

(16.7 lpm) maintained by a mass flow / volumetric flow controller coupled to a

microprocessor into specially designed inertial particle-size separator (i.e. cyclones or

impactors) where the suspended particulate matter in the PM2.5 size ranges is separated for

collection on a 47 mm polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) filter over a specified sampling period.

Each filter is weighed before and after sample collection to determine the net gaindue to the

particulate matter. The mass concentration in the ambient air is computed as the total mass of

collected particles in the PM2.5 size ranges divided by the actual volume of air sampled, and

is expressed in μg/m.

Calculation

PM10 (µg/m3) = (weight of filter paper after sampling – initial weight of filter paper)/volume

of air.

PM2.5(µg/m3) = (weight of filter paper after sampling – initial weight of filter paper)/volume

of air.

For gaseous pollutants

SO2 (µg/m3) = (A – A0) x 1000 x B x D/ V

NOx (µg/m3) = (A – A0) x 1000 x B x D/ 0.82V




Page 40

Where, A = Sample Absorbance,

A0 = Reagent blank Absorbance, and

B = Calibration factor (g/absorbance)

D = Volume of absorbance solution in impinger during monitoring/volume of absorbing

solution taken for analysis.

V = Volume of Air Sample in liters.

Sources

The major sources of air pollutants in the project area are vehicular traffic, dust arising from

local and village road, forest fire and domestic fuel burning.

Total eight monitoring locations were selected for basline data collection of Air Quality

Monitoring of the Project in the Study area. The air quality monitoring location map and its

table are given below:

S.No. Code Location

1 A1 Badarkha

2 A2 Baola

3 A3 Rasam

4 A4 Project Site

5 A5 Rupal

6 A6 Zekadaa

7 A7 Kerala

8 A8 Bhayal




Page 41

Figure 3.8: Air Quality Monitoring Locations

Air Quality Baseline Results

The sampling was done during October 2017 to December 2017 as per the NAAQ Guidelines

2009. Results of the analysis of the samples are given below:

Table 3.3: Ambient Air Quality Data of Badarkha

1 Badarkha

Month Date PM10

(µg/m3)

PM2.5

(µg/m3)

SO2

(µg/m3)

NO2

(µg/m3)

CO

(mg/m3)

HC

(µg/m3)

NMHC

(µg/m3)

VOC

(µg/m3)

Oct-17

01.10.2017 84 46 9 18 0.88 BDL BDL BDL

04.10.2017 72 36 10 24 0.78 BDL BDL BDL

08.10.2017 90 54 8 18 0.84 BDL BDL BDL

11.10.2017 76 40 14 22 0.76 BDL BDL BDL

15.10.2017 88 52 9 20 0.84 BDL BDL BDL

18.10.2017 86 42 8 24 0.78 BDL BDL BDL

22.10.2017 78 38 12 22 0.82 BDL BDL BDL

25.10.2017 87 41 6 18 0.72 BDL BDL BDL

Nov-17

01.11.2017 86 47 8 22 0.99 BDL BDL BDL

04.11.2017 77 39 10 18 0.86 BDL BDL BDL

08.11.2017 83 42 12 23 0.73 BDL BDL BDL

11.11.2017 68 32 9 18 0.71 BDL BDL BDL

15.11.2017 72 41 13 23 0.67 BDL BDL BDL




Page 42

18.11.2017 81 48 8 19 0.69 BDL BDL BDL

22.11.2017 69 37 11 20 0.82 BDL BDL BDL

25.11.2017 74 35 7 18 0.58 BDL BDL BDL

Dec-17

01.12.2017 82 44 10 21 0.89 BDL BDL BDL

04.12.2017 86 45 9 17 0.78 BDL BDL BDL

08.12.2017 79 42 12 21 0.62 BDL BDL BDL

11.12.2017 85 45 9 22 0.69 BDL BDL BDL

15.12.2017 76 41 11 18 0.81 BDL BDL BDL

18.12.2017 82 43 10 14 0.85 BDL BDL BDL

22.12.2017 74 39 11 18 0.82 BDL BDL BDL

25.12.2017 67 34 9 24 0.59 BDL BDL BDL

Max 90 54 14 24 0.99 BDL BDL BDL

Min 67 32 6 14 0.58 BDL BDL BDL

Avg 79.25 41.79 9.79 20.08 0.77 BDL BDL BDL

98 percentile 89.08 53.08 13.54 24.00 0.94 BDL BDL BDL

Table 3.4: Ambient Air Quality Data of Baola

2 Baola

Month Date PM10

(µg/m3)

PM2.5

(µg/m3)

SO2

(µg/m3)

NO2

(µg/m3)

CO

(mg/m3)

HC

(µg/m3)

NMHC

(µg/m3)

VOC

(µg/m3)

Oct-17

01.10.2017 86 43 7 20 0.89 BDL BDL BDL

04.10.2017 70 42 10 23 0.85 BDL BDL BDL

08.10.2017 82 39 7 24 0.79 BDL BDL BDL

11.10.2017 88 52 8 23 0.91 BDL BDL BDL

15.10.2017 73 38 6 25 0.87 BDL BDL BDL

18.10.2017 83 41 7 20 0.65 BDL BDL BDL

22.10.2017 82 44 8 18 0.87 BDL BDL BDL

25.10.2017 74 36 10 20 0.96 BDL BDL BDL

Nov-17

01.11.2017 80 42 9 21 0.83 BDL BDL BDL

04.11.2017 73 43 10 24 0.68 BDL BDL BDL

08.11.2017 85 50 8 26 0.84 BDL BDL BDL

11.11.2017 75 40 13 23 0.61 BDL BDL BDL

15.11.2017 68 38 6 20 0.75 BDL BDL BDL

18.11.2017 62 36 8 17 0.89 BDL BDL BDL

22.11.2017 86 48 7 20 0.94 BDL BDL BDL

25.11.2017 72 36 12 24 0.78 BDL BDL BDL

Dec-17

01.12.2017 90 52 8 18 0.84 BDL BDL BDL

04.12.2017 76 40 14 22 0.76 BDL BDL BDL

08.12.2017 94 56 9 20 0.86 BDL BDL BDL

11.12.2017 86 42 6 24 0.78 BDL BDL BDL

15.12.2017 78 38 10 26 0.82 BDL BDL BDL




Page 43

18.12.2017 68 39 8 22 0.88 BDL BDL BDL

22.12.2017 77 44 6 18 0.94 BDL BDL BDL

25.12.2017 86 50 12 22 0.76 BDL BDL BDL

Max 94 56 14 26 0.96 BDL BDL BDL

Min 62 36 6 17 0.61 BDL BDL BDL

Avg 78.92 42.88 8.71 21.67 0.82 BDL BDL BDL


Table 3.5: Ambient Air Quality Data of Rasam

3 Rasam

Month Date PM10

(µg/m3)

PM2.5

(µg/m3)

SO2

(µg/m3)

NO2

(µg/m3)

CO

(mg/m3)

HC

(µg/m3)

NMHC

(µg/m3)

VOC

(µg/m3)

Oct-17

01.10.2017 78 38 6 13 0.67 BDL BDL BDL

04.10.2017 68 34 8 16 0.78 BDL BDL BDL

08.10.2017 56 24 9 22 0.77 BDL BDL BDL

11.10.2017 68 34 10 16 0.86 BDL BDL BDL

15.10.2017 58 30 12 18 0.81 BDL BDL BDL

18.10.2017 72 32 8 18 0.72 BDL BDL BDL

22.10.2017 66 28 10 22 0.64 BDL BDL BDL

25.10.2017 60 32 8 24 0.78 BDL BDL BDL

Nov-17

01.11.2017 67 34 5 18 0.74 BDL BDL BDL

04.11.2017 52 26 12 20 0.82 BDL BDL BDL

08.11.2017 64 30 12 24 0.76 BDL BDL BDL

11.11.2017 58 32 6 18 0.78 BDL BDL BDL

15.11.2017 68 40 6 14 0.74 BDL BDL BDL

18.11.2017 74 38 8 17 0.76 BDL BDL BDL

22.11.2017 68 35 6 25 0.81 BDL BDL BDL

25.11.2017 78 29 11 23 0.66 BDL BDL BDL

Dec-17

01.12.2017 69 34 7 17 0.72 BDL BDL BDL

04.12.2017 72 28 8 21 0.66 BDL BDL BDL

08.12.2017 69 31 6 15 0.78 BDL BDL BDL

11.12.2017 71 38 7 17 0.76 BDL BDL BDL

15.12.2017 68 31 8 18 0.64 BDL BDL BDL

18.12.2017 69 34 6 15 0.75 BDL BDL BDL

22.12.2017 67 32 7 22 0.67 BDL BDL BDL

25.12.2017 70 34 5 18 0.84 BDL BDL BDL

Max 78 40 12 25 0.86 BDL BDL BDL

Min 52 24 5 13 0.64 BDL BDL BDL

Avg 67.08 32.42 7.96 18.79 0.75 BDL BDL BDL





Page 44

Table 3.6: Ambient Air Quality Data of Project Site

4 Project Site

Month Date PM10

(µg/m3)

PM2.5

(µg/m3)

SO2

(µg/m3)

NO2

(µg/m3)

CO

(mg/m3)

HC

(µg/m3)

NMHC

(µg/m3)

VOC

(µg/m3)

Oct-17

01.10.2017 90 41 8 18 0.84 BDL BDL BDL

04.10.2017 76 40 14 22 0.76 BDL BDL BDL

08.10.2017 88 44 9 20 0.84 BDL BDL BDL

11.10.2017 86 42 8 24 0.78 BDL BDL BDL

15.10.2017 78 38 12 22 0.82 BDL BDL BDL

18.10.2017 87 41 6 18 0.72 BDL BDL BDL

22.10.2017 68 32 8 22 0.82 BDL BDL BDL

25.10.2017 84 40 12 26 0.84 BDL BDL BDL

Nov-17

01.11.2017 76 38 9 18 0.76 BDL BDL BDL

04.11.2017 66 34 10 18 0.72 BDL BDL BDL

08.11.2017 79 47 9 17 0.77 BDL BDL BDL

11.11.2017 83 41 13 26 0.75 BDL BDL BDL

15.11.2017 86 43 7 20 0.89 BDL BDL BDL

18.11.2017 70 31 10 23 0.85 BDL BDL BDL

22.11.2017 82 39 7 24 0.79 BDL BDL BDL

25.11.2017 88 35 8 23 0.91 BDL BDL BDL

Dec-17

01.12.2017 64 36 11 21 0.84 BDL BDL BDL

04.12.2017 75 42 9 19 0.66 BDL BDL BDL

08.12.2017 77 36 10 18 0.66 BDL BDL BDL

11.12.2017 83 42 12 23 0.73 BDL BDL BDL

15.12.2017 68 32 9 18 0.71 BDL BDL BDL

18.12.2017 72 41 13 23 0.67 BDL BDL BDL

22.12.2017 78 42 9 21 0.64 BDL BDL BDL

25.12.2017 73 36 13 24 0.78 BDL BDL BDL

Max 90 47 14 26 0.91 BDL BDL BDL

Min 64 31 6 17 0.64 BDL BDL BDL

Avg 78.21 38.88 9.83 21.17 0.77 BDL BDL BDL


Table 3.7: Ambient Air Quality Data of Rupal

5 Rupal

Month Date PM10

(µg/m3)

PM2.5

(µg/m3)

SO2

(µg/m3)

NO2

(µg/m3)

CO

(mg/m3)

HC

(µg/m3)

NMHC

(µg/m3)

VOC

(µg/m3)

Oct-17

01.10.2017 78 42 6 19 0.71 BDL BDL BDL

04.10.2017 68 29 7 18 0.81 BDL BDL BDL

08.10.2017 67 30 9 19 0.77 BDL BDL BDL




Page 45

11.10.2017 73 32 10 21 0.81 BDL BDL BDL

15.10.2017 62 34 11 23 0.72 BDL BDL BDL

18.10.2017 65 30 7 21 0.82 BDL BDL BDL

22.10.2017 68 35 6 25 0.81 BDL BDL BDL

25.10.2017 78 29 11 23 0.66 BDL BDL BDL

Nov-17

01.11.2017 69 34 7 17 0.72 BDL BDL BDL

04.11.2017 72 28 8 21 0.66 BDL BDL BDL

08.11.2017 68 33 10 20 0.79 BDL BDL BDL

11.11.2017 72 32 8 18 0.72 BDL BDL BDL

15.11.2017 66 28 10 22 0.64 BDL BDL BDL

18.11.2017 60 32 8 24 0.78 BDL BDL BDL

22.11.2017 67 34 5 18 0.74 BDL BDL BDL

25.11.2017 52 26 12 20 0.82 BDL BDL BDL

Dec-17

01.12.2017 65 40 9 20 0.82 BDL BDL BDL

04.12.2017 70 36 10 15 0.71 BDL BDL BDL

08.12.2017 72 41 13 23 0.67 BDL BDL BDL

11.12.2017 81 44 8 19 0.69 BDL BDL BDL

15.12.2017 69 37 11 20 0.82 BDL BDL BDL

18.12.2017 74 35 7 18 0.58 BDL BDL BDL

22.12.2017 68 37 12 22 0.72 BDL BDL BDL

25.12.2017 56 34 8 24 0.66 BDL BDL BDL

Max 81 44 13 25 0.82 BDL BDL BDL

Min 52 26 5 15 0.58 BDL BDL BDL

Avg 68.33 33.83 8.88 20.42 0.74 BDL BDL BDL


Table 3.8: Ambient Air Quality Data of Zekadaa

6 Zekadaa

Month Date PM10

(µg/m3)

PM2.5

(µg/m3)

SO2

(µg/m3)

NO2

(µg/m3)

CO

(mg/m3)

HC

(µg/m3)

NMHC

(µg/m3)

VOC

(µg/m3)

Oct-17

01.10.2017 84 48 8 16 0.64 BDL BDL BDL

04.10.2017 96 52 12 20 0.72 BDL BDL BDL

08.10.2017 82 48 9 18 0.68 BDL BDL BDL

11.10.2017 95 57 10 23 0.73 BDL BDL BDL

15.10.2017 76 44 8 20 0.68 BDL BDL BDL

18.10.2017 88 52 6 22 0.62 BDL BDL BDL

22.10.2017 80 48 10 26 0.72 BDL BDL BDL

25.10.2017 94 56 8 23 0.80 BDL BDL BDL

Nov-17

01.11.2017 84 48 9 18 0.66 BDL BDL BDL

04.11.2017 90 54 11 24 0.84 BDL BDL BDL

08.11.2017 68 40 7 20 0.72 BDL BDL BDL




Page 46

11.11.2017 82 48 9 24 0.64 BDL BDL BDL

15.11.2017 94 54 6 23 0.77 BDL BDL BDL

18.11.2017 84 38 9 19 0.62 BDL BDL BDL

22.11.2017 78 36 13 24 0.82 BDL BDL BDL

25.11.2017 94 40 7.5 21 0.79 BDL BDL BDL

Dec-17

01.12.2017 64 38 9 18 0.72 BDL BDL BDL

04.12.2017 70 42 8.5 24 0.68 BDL BDL BDL

08.12.2017 78 39 6 18 0.86 BDL BDL BDL

11.12.2017 82 45 7 22 0.82 BDL BDL BDL

15.12.2017 68 40 9 20 0.72 BDL BDL BDL

18.12.2017 72 43 11 24 0.84 BDL BDL BDL

22.12.2017 90 54 9.5 21 0.76 BDL BDL BDL

25.12.2017 82 49 8 18 0.80 BDL BDL BDL

Max 96 57 13 26 0.86 BDL BDL BDL

Min 64 36 6 16 0.62 BDL BDL BDL

Avg 82.29 46.38 8.77 21.08 0.74 BDL BDL BDL


Table 3.9: Ambient Air Quality Data of Kerala

7 Kerala

Month Date PM10

(µg/m3)

PM2.5

(µg/m3)

SO2

(µg/m3)

NO2

(µg/m3)

CO

(mg/m3)

HC

(µg/m3)

NMHC

(µg/m3)

VOC

(µg/m3)

Oct-17

01.10.2017 89 44 8 18 0.52 BDL BDL BDL

04.10.2017 90 52 10 24 0.65 BDL BDL BDL

08.10.2017 82 48 7 20 0.78 BDL BDL BDL

11.10.2017 78 46 10 22 0.76 BDL BDL BDL

15.10.2017 88 52 8 24 0.67 BDL BDL BDL

18.10.2017 92 55 9 22 0.76 BDL BDL BDL

22.10.2017 72 43 12 26 0.72 BDL BDL BDL

25.10.2017 76 38 8 18 0.65 BDL BDL BDL

Nov-17

01.11.2017 90 54 9 20 0.84 BDL BDL BDL

04.11.2017 83 40 7.5 18 0.75 BDL BDL BDL

08.11.2017 92 46 9 22 0.87 BDL BDL BDL

11.11.2017 84 50 8 16 0.94 BDL BDL BDL

15.11.2017 89 53 6.5 17 0.80 BDL BDL BDL

18.11.2017 92 55 13 23 0.89 BDL BDL BDL

22.11.2017 78 46 10 20 0.75 BDL BDL BDL

25.11.2017 84 56 8 18 0.89 BDL BDL BDL

Dec-17

01.12.2017 80 48 12 21 0.68 BDL BDL BDL

04.12.2017 92 54 7.5 24 0.84 BDL BDL BDL

08.12.2017 78 46 9 19 0.66 BDL BDL BDL




Page 47

11.12.2017 94 52 7 22 0.87 BDL BDL BDL

15.12.2017 83 49 11 20 0.81 BDL BDL BDL

18.12.2017 78 38 8 18 0.88 BDL BDL BDL

22.12.2017 85 50 12 22 0.94 BDL BDL BDL

25.12.2017 90 54 9 16 0.76 BDL BDL BDL

Max 94 56 13 26 0.94 BDL BDL BDL

Min 72 38 7 16 0.52 BDL BDL BDL

Avg 84.96 48.71 9.10 20.42 0.78 BDL BDL BDL


Table 3.10: Ambient Air Quality Data of Bhayala

8 Bhayala

Month Date PM10

(µg/m3)

PM2.5

(µg/m3)

SO2

(µg/m3)

NO2

(µg/m3)

CO

(mg/m3)

HC

(µg/m3)

NMHC

(µg/m3)

VOC

(µg/m3)

Oct-17

01.10.2017 87 52 8 21 0.82 BDL BDL BDL

04.10.2017 80 48 6 18 0.74 BDL BDL BDL

08.10.2017 96 57 9.5 24 0.87 BDL BDL BDL

11.10.2017 90 54 7 16 0.94 BDL BDL BDL

15.10.2017 94 56 6.5 20 0.82 BDL BDL BDL

18.10.2017 83 49 10 18 0.72 BDL BDL BDL

22.10.2017 78 46 6 18 0.76 BDL BDL BDL

25.10.2017 90 52 8.5 23 0.84 BDL BDL BDL

Nov-17

01.11.2017 82 42 7 18 0.61 BDL BDL BDL

04.11.2017 87 50 6.5 23 0.88 BDL BDL BDL

08.11.2017 78 38 6 20 0.74 BDL BDL BDL

11.11.2017 66 34 8 18 0.86 BDL BDL BDL

15.11.2017 80 48 6 21 0.64 BDL BDL BDL

18.11.2017 77 46 7.5 23 0.82 BDL BDL BDL

22.11.2017 89 44 9 19 0.64 BDL BDL BDL

25.11.2017 84 50 8.5 24 0.84 BDL BDL BDL

Dec-17

01.12.2017 68 34 7.5 20 0.76 BDL BDL BDL

04.12.2017 70 42 9 18 0.72 BDL BDL BDL

08.12.2017 92 55 5.5 21 0.82 BDL BDL BDL

11.12.2017 84 50 7 19 0.84 BDL BDL BDL

15.12.2017 90 45 8.5 22 0.76 BDL BDL BDL

18.12.2017 78 38 6 18 0.84 BDL BDL BDL

22.12.2017 80 46 9.5 23 0.72 BDL BDL BDL

25.12.2017 74 44 9 20 0.78 BDL BDL BDL

Max 96 57 10 24 0.94 BDL BDL BDL

Min 66 34 6 16 0.61 BDL BDL BDL

Avg 82.38 46.67 7.58 20.21 0.78 BDL BDL BDL




Page 48


3.4.6 Noise Environment

Noise monitoring locations were selected based on approved ToR i.e. within 1 km of the

project site.. Noise monitoring locations are given below:

Figure 3.9: Noise Monitoring Locations

The noise monitoring results are as follows:

Table 3.11: Noise Results

Baola Noise Result

Noise Standards of Noise Level Noise Level

db(A)

Sr.No. Location DOS

Category of Area

Day dB (A)

Night dB (A)

Day (Ld)

Night (Ln)

1

Project Site Near Point A

01.10.2017 Industrial 75 70

62.4 48.6

2 Near Highway Maya Nagar

04.10.2017 Residential 55 45

48.2 40.4

3 Adroda 08.10.2017 Residential 55 45 52.4 39.2

4 Project Site Near Point D

11.10.2017 Industrial 75 70

50.6 42.6




Page 49

5 Rupal 15.10.2017 Residential 55 45 49.5 39.5

6 Near Point C 18.10.2017 Industrial 75 70 44.6 38.2

7 Near Point B 22.10.2017 Industrial 75 70 52.2 40.4

8 Near Lake 25.10.2017 Residential 55 45 46.4 41.6

3.4.7 Water Environment

Water sampling locations were selected based on approved ToR i.e. within 10 km radius of

the project site. Total five surface water sampling locations and ten ground water locations

were identified. The water sampling locations and results are given below:

Figure 3.10: Surface Water Sampling Locations




Page 50

Table 3.12: Surface Water Quality Results

Rupal (Lake) Baola (Lake) Project Site (Lake) Near Vill Sindhrej (Canal) Juwal (Lake)

Sl. No.

Parametera Units of Measure

ments

Oct Nov. Dec. Oct Nov. Dec. Oct Nov. Dec. Oct Nov. Dec. Oct Nov. Dec.

1 Colour

Hazen Units <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5

2 Odour -

Agreeable

Agreeable

Agreeable

Agreeable

Agreeable

Agreeable

Agreeable

Agreeable

Agreeable

Agreeable

Agreeable

Agreeable

Agreeable

Agreeable

Agreeable

3 Taste -

Agreeable

Agreeable

Agreeable

Agreeable

Agreeable

Agreeable

Agreeable

Agreeable

Agreeable

Agreeable

Agreeable

Agreeable

Agreeable

Agreeable

Agreeable

4 Turbidity NTU 2.5 2.2 2.4 2.6 1.8 1.6 2.8 2.1 1.8 2.2 2.5 2.1 1.8 1.6 2.1

5 pH - 7.63 7.71 7.61 7.72 7.64 7.69 7.23 7.42 7.38 7.52 7.34 7.36 7.65 7.63 7.84

6 Temperature °C 27 26 26 26 25 25 26 25 24 27 26 25 27 27 26

7 Conductivity

µmhos/cm 573 589 588 615 628 624 648 666 669 738 759 832 596 613 672

8 Alkalinity as CaCO3 mg/l 208 214 198 222 228 210 234 242 224 268 276 254 216 223 205

9 Total Dissolved Solids mg/l 372 383 382 397 408 406 420 432 435 479 493 539 387 398 436

10 Total Hardness as CaCO3 mg/l 224 232 220 240 246 234 254 264 250 289 298 284 234 240 229

11 Calcium as CaCO3 mg/l 146 151 131 156 160 140 166 170 149 188 194 169 152 157 137

12 Magnesium as CaCO3 mg/l 78 81 89 84 86 94 89 92 101 101 104 115 82 84 93

13 Chloride as Cl mg/l 56 60 66 60 64 70 64 68 76 71 76 85 57 62 68

14 Phosphate as PO4 mg/l 0.92 0.86 0.91 0.98 0.92 0.97 0.91 0.92 0.93 0.96 0.92 0.88 0.96 0.89 0.95

15 Nitrate as NO3 mg/l 11.1 9.5 10.4 11.9 10.2 11.1 12.6 10.8 11.7 14.3 12.3 13.4 11.6 9.9 10.8




Page 51

16 Sulphate as SO4 mg/l 30 34 36 32 36 38 34 38 42 38 44 46 32 36 38

17 Fluoride as F mg/l 0.74 0.67 0.72 0.76 0.71 0.77 0.84 0.75 0.81 0.78 0.76 0.78 0.72 0.69 0.75

18 Phenolic Compound mg/l <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001

19 Copper as Cu mg/l <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01

20 Cadmium mg/l <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001

21 Mercury as Hg mg/l <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001

22 Selenium as Se mg/l

<0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01

23 Total Arsenic as As

mg/l <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01

24 Lead as Pb mg/l

<0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01

25 Zinc as Zn, Max mg/l 0.32 0.28 0.32 0.24 0.22 0.25 0.38 0.41 0.44 0.39 0.41 0.42 0.32 0.34 0.35

26 Chromium as Cr

+6 mg/l <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05

27 Aluminium as Al mg/l <0.03 <0.03 <0.03 <0.03 <0.03 <0.03 <0.03 <0.03 <0.03 <0.03 <0.03 <0.03 <0.03 <0.03 <0.03

28 Manganese as Mn mg/l <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02

29 Boron as B mg/l 0.23 0.25 0.21 0.25 0.27 0.23 0.26 0.29 0.24 0.30 0.33 0.27 0.24 0.26 0.22

30 Iron as Fe mg/l 0.15 0.16 0.18 0.16 0.17 0.19 0.17 0.18 0.20 0.19 0.20 0.23 0.15 0.17 0.19

31 Sodium as Na mg/l 42 40 45 45 43 47 48 45 50 55 52 57 44 42 46

32 Potassium as K mg/l 4 3 4 5 3 5 5 4 5 5 4 5 4 3 4

33

Dissolved Oxygen mg/l 6.3 6.4 6.1 5.9 6.5 6.2 6.1 6.5 5.8 6.2 6.0 6.4 6.6 6.2 6.5

34 BOD mg/l 6 8 9 7 9 8 8 10 10 8 11 10 7 9 12

35 COD mg/l 20 24 20 22 26 24 23 28 30 25 34 32 20 28 32

36 Total Coliform

MPN/100ml 398 412 423 375 402 451 397 426 478 453 486 545 366 392 440

37 Faecal Coliform

MPN/100ml 128 141 132 111 122 121 118 129 128 128 147 146 86 119 118




Page 52

Figure 3.11: Ground Water Sampling Locations




Page 53

Table 3.13: Ground Water Sampling Results

Project Site Adroda Juval Rupavat Zekadaa Rupal

SL. No.

Parameters

Units of Measure

ments Oct Nov. Dec. Oct Nov. Dec. Oct Nov. Dec. Oct Nov. Dec. Oct Nov. Dec.

1 Colour

Hazen Units <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5

2 Odour - Agreeable

Agreeable

Agreeable

Agreeable

Agreeable

Agreeable

Agreeable

Agreeable

Agreeable

Agreeable

Agreeable

Agreeable

Agreeable

Agreeable

Agreeable

3 Taste - Agreeable

Agreeable

Agreeable

Agreeable

Agreeable

Agreeable

Agreeable

Agreeable

Agreeable

Agreeable

Agreeable

Agreeable

Agreeable

Agreeable

Agreeable

4 pH - 7.42 7.53 7.48 7.48 7.65 7.55 7.52 7.63 7.68 7.72 7.69 7.85 7.48 7.57 7.61

5 Temperature °C 27 26 25 26 25 25 27 26 26 26 25 25 25 25 24

6 Conductivity

µmhos/cm 498 520 505 538 562 545 605 632 613 697 728 705 629 658 637

7

Alkalinity as CaCO3 mg/l 184 195 196 199 210 212 224 235 237 258 271 274 233 246 248

8

Total Dissolved Solids mg/l 323 338 329 349 365 355 393 411 399 452 473 459 408 427 415

9

Total Hardness as CaCO3 mg/l 182 195 198 197 210 214 222 238 240 255 274 276 230 246 143

10 Calcium as Ca mg/l 47.4 46.7 48.9 51.2 50.5 52.8 57.8 56.8 59.4 66.5 65.4 68.3 59.9 59.1 61.7




Page 54

11

Magnesium as Mg mg/l 15.5 19.0 18.4 16.7 20.5 19.7 18.8 23.3 22.2 21.9 26.9 25.5 19.6 24.0 23.0

12 Chloride as Cl mg/l 52 55 50 56 60 54 62 68 60 72 78 68 64 70 64

13

Phosphate as PO4 mg/l 0.93 0.92 0.98 0.96 0.95 0.94 0.87 0.83 0.85 1.00 0.98 1.04 0.99 1.04 1.02

14 Nitrate as NO3 mg/l 9.4 9.5 10.1 9.2 10.3 10.9 10.3 11.6 12.2 11.9 13.3 14.1 10.7 12.1 12.7

15

Sulphate as SO4 mg/l 25 24 22 28 27 24 32 30 28 36 34 30 32 31 28

16 Fluoride as F mg/l 0.69 0.73 0.74 0.75 0.79 0.80 0.84 0.88 0.90 0.97 1.02 1.04 0.88 0.92 0.94

17

Phenolic Compound mg/l

<0.001

<0.001

<0.001

<0.001

<0.001

<0.001

<0.001

<0.001

<0.001

<0.001

<0.001

<0.001

<0.001

<0.001

<0.001

18 Copper as Cu mg/l <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01

19 Mercury as Hg mg/l

<0.001

<0.001

<0.001

<0.001

<0.001

<0.001

<0.001

<0.001

<0.001

<0.001

<0.001

<0.001

<0.001

<0.001

<0.001

20 Cadmium as Cd mg/l

<0.001

<0.001

<0.001

<0.001

<0.001

<0.001

<0.001

<0.001

<0.001

<0.001

<0.001

<0.001

<0.001

<0.001

<0.001

21

Total Arsenic as As

mg/l

<0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01

22 Lead as Pb

mg/l <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01

23

Total Chromium as Cr

mg/l

<0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05




Page 55

24 Iron as Fe mg/l 0.14 0.12 0.11 0.15 0.13 0.14 0.17 0.14 0.11 0.19 0.16 0.13 0.18 0.15 0.11

25 Sodium as Na mg/l 37 38 36 40 41 38 45 46 43 52 53 49 47 48 44

26

Potassium as K mg/l 3 4 3 4 5 3 4 5 4 5 6 4 4 6 3

30

Total Coliform

MPN/100ml

Absent

Absent

Absent

Absent

Absent

Absent

Absent

Absent

Absent

Absent

Absent

Absent

Absent

Absent

Absent

31

Faecal Coliform

MPN/100ml

Absent

Absent

Absent

Absent

Absent

Absent

Absent

Absent

Absent

Absent

Absent

Absent

Absent

Absent

Absent

Table 3.14: Ground Water Sampling Results

Baola Diwan Sindhrej Kochariya Badrkha

Parameters

Units of Measure

ments Oct Nov. Dec. Oct Nov. Dec. Oct Nov. Dec. Oct Nov. Dec. Oct Nov. Dec.

Colour

Hazen Units <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5

Odour - Agreeable

Agreeable

Agreeable

Agreeable

Agreeable

Agreeable

Agreeable

Agreeable

Agreeable

Agreeable

Agreeable

Agreeable

Agreeable

Agreeable

Agreeable

Taste - Agreeable

Agreeable

Agreeable

Agreeable

Agreeable

Agreeable

Agreeable

Agreeable

Agreeable

Agreeable

Agreeable

Agreeable

Agreeable

Agreeable

Agreeable

pH - 7.77 7.69 7.82 7.85 7.78 7.71 7.65 7.68 7.72 7.24 7.35 7.42 7.52 7.49 7.56 Temperature °C 26 26 25 25 24 24 27 26 25 26 25 25 26 25 24




Page 56

Conductivity

µmhos/cm 610 637 618 768 802 777 538 562 545 595 621 602 619 647 627

Alkalinity as CaCO3 mg/l 224 235 240 285 301 297 171 181 193 190 201 213 197 210 222 Total Dissolved Solids mg/l 396 414 402 498 521 506 349 365 355 386 404 392 402 420 408 Total Hardness as CaCO3 mg/l 222 238 242 281 299 304 196 210 214 217 233 235 227 242 246 Calcium as Ca mg/l 57.6 57.2 59.8 73.0 72.0 75.3 51.0 50.5 52.8 56.6 55.8 58.3 59.1 58.1 60.7 Magnesium as Mg mg/l 19.0 23.2 22.3 23.8 29.2 28.1 16.7 20.5 19.7 18.5 22.7 21.8 19.2 23.6 23.0 Chloride as Cl mg/l 65 68 60 78 86 76 56 60 54 62 66 58 65 72 63 Phosphate as PO4 mg/l 0.97 0.92 0.90 1.06 1.05 1.04 0.90 0.89 0.95 0.88 0.95 0.93 0.98 1.03 1.02 Nitrate as NO3 mg/l 10.4 11.7 12.3 13.1 14.7 15.5 9.2 10.3 10.9 10.1 11.4 12.0 10.5 11.9 12.5 Sulphate as SO4 mg/l 33 30 26 40 38 32 26 28 25 30 32 25 32 30 27 Fluoride as F mg/l 0.85 0.89 0.91 0.82 0.78 0.85 0.75 0.79 0.80 0.83 0.87 0.89 0.86 0.90 0.92 Phenolic Compound mg/l <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001

Copper mg/l <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01




Page 57

as Cu

Mercury as Hg mg/l <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001

Cadmium as Cd mg/l <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001

Total Arsenic as As

mg/l

<0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01

Lead as Pb

mg/l <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01

Total Chromium as Cr

mg/l

<0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05

Iron as Fe mg/l 0.17 0.14 0.11 0.21 0.18 0.14 0.15 0.13 0.10 0.17 0.14 0.11 0.17 0.14 0.13 Sodium as Na mg/l 45 46 43 57 58 54 42 41 38 44 45 42 46 47 43

Potassium as K mg/l 4 6 3 5 7 5 4 4 3 4 5 4 4 5 4

Total Coliform

MPN/100ml

Absent

Absent

Absent

Absent

Absent

Absent

Absent

Absent

Absent

Absent

Absent

Absent

Absent

Absent

Absent

Faecal Coliform

MPN/100ml

Absent

Absent

Absent

Absent

Absent

Absent

Absent

Absent

Absent

Absent

Absent

Absent

Absent

Absent

Absent




Page 58

3.4.8 Biological Environment

The biological environment is an important component of the environment of any area. It

covers flora & fauna in the region, details of forests and wildlife sanctuaries in the region,

with list of endangered species. These components are addressed in details in the following

sections:

It is imperative to study the ecology of the area and essentially, how organisms are dependent

on the area in terms of resource utilization, habitat etc, also how organisms contribute to

sustain the ecology of the area. Secondly, we need to find out how the proposed project is

going to affect the biological environment.

Ecology of the proposed project area

The proposed project area falls under agro-climatic zone namely Gujarat Plain and Hill

Regions bio-geographic zone of India, having rainfall recorded 735 mm.Area is flat and low-

lying alluvium plain with general elevation of 25 m above MSL. The area is characterized by

Arid to Semiarid climate. Such climatic conditions provide opportunity to the flora for the

development of significant morphological structures even birds and animals also adapt

themselves as per the climate of the region. Such environment forces vegetation or even

animal to adapt accordingly. To reduce excessive amount of moisture loss from the surface,

vegetation of the region develop barbs or thorns on their branches, leaves or even bole etc.

Animals develop specific physiological and morphological changes.

Flora & Fauna

Flora and fauna are important components of the environment. They are organized into

natural communities with natural dependencies among their members and show various

responses and sensitivities to anthropogenic activities. Flora and fauna consists information

on various species of trees, plants, shrubs, crops and natural vegetation, animal, birds etc. and

endangered species.

Core Area

The core zone area is almost treeless and is mostly comprised with shrub individuals of

Calotropis procera, Indigofera sp, Cassia auriculata, Euphorbia caducifolia and Celosia

argentea. Ground vegetation of the core area wasdominated with Fagonia spalong with

grasses like Cynodon dactylon, Agrostis sp, Dichanthium annulatum and Eragrostis

Poaeoides.




Page 59

The proposed project site is surrounded by agricultural field. To carry out the ecology

biodiversity study the field survey was carried out in core and buffer area. Floral species were

identified and list of the species was prepared, whereas for fauna study species were recorded

by direct citing, simultaneously local people were interviewed and examine the presence of

any faunal species within the study area.

Buffer Area (10 Km radius of the proposed project)

Vegetation is mainly scrub and Xerophytic vegetation. Agro-ecosystems exist around the

study area.Acacia arabica and Prosopis juliflora were found dominant tree species in buffer

area. The other tree species recorded during field study were, Neem (Azadirachta indica),

Shisham (Dalbergia sissoo), Kachnar (Bauhniarecemosa), Dhak (Butea monosperma), Semal

(Bombax ceiba), Imli (Tamarindus indica), Moringa concanensis, Capparis deciduas,

Salvadora oleiodes, Lannea coromandelica, Sterculia urens, Grewia tenax and Bridelia

retusa. Dominant shrubby vegetation of this zone includes Aak (Calotropis procera),

Abutilon indicum, Achyranthes aspera, Boerhaviadiffusa, Agave americana, Cassia

auriculata, Celosia argentea, Euphorbia caducifolia, Euphorbia Tirucalli, and Lantana

camara. In herbaceous flora, Fagonia sp, Solanum virginianum, Agrostis sp, Cenchrus

biflorus and Agrostis sp.

A list of flora recorded during the field survey is given in Table 3.15 – Table 3.18. A list of

avi-fauna and animal species found during survey is presented in Table 3.19. to Table 3.23

Table 3.15:Large Trees species found in Study area

SN Scientific Name Family Vernicular

Name

1 Acacia auriculiformis Mimosaceae Australian Baval

2 Acacia catechu Mimosaceae Khair

3 Acacia nilotica Mimosaceae Baval

4 Albizzia lebeck Mimosaceae Siris

5 Azadirachta indica Meliaceae Limdo

7 Eucalyptus globulus Myrtaceae Nilgiri

8 Ficus virens Moraceae Pipli

9 Leucena leucocephala Mimosaceae Pardesi Baval

10 Parkinsonia aculeata Caesalpiniaceae Ram Baval

11 Peltophorum pterocarpum Caesalpiniaceae Tamrafali

12 Pongamia pinnata Fabaceae Karanj

13 Prosopis juliflora Mimosaceae Gando Baval

14 Prosopis spicigera Mimosaceae Khijado

15 Salvadora aleoides Salvodoraceae Pilvo

16 Salvadora persica Salvodoraceae Pilvo




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17 Samanea saman Mimosaceae Rato Sarasdo

18 Parthenium histerophorous Asteraceae Gajar Ghas

Table 3.16: Shrubs found in Study area

SN Scientific Name Family Vernicular Name

1 Cadaba indica Capparidaceae Telio Hemkand

2 Calotropis gigantea Asclepiadaceae Akdo

3 Calotropis procera Asclepiadaceae Akdo

4 Capparis sepiaria Capparidaceae Kerdo

5 Capparis sepiaria Capparidaceae Kanthar

6 Euphorbia nerifolia Euphorbiaceae Thor

7 Ipomoea fistulosa Convolvulaceae Nafatio

8 Nerium indicum Apocynaceae Lal Karen

9 Zizyphus rotundifolia Rhamnaceae Chani Bor

Table 3.17:Herbs and Grasses found in Study area SN Scientific Name Family Vernicular Name

1 Abutilon indicum Malvaceae Khapat

3 Cassia pumila Caesalpiniaceae Nai Chimed

4 Cenchrus setigerus Poaceae Dhaman Ghas

5 Chenopodium album Chenopodiaceae Chil

6 Chloris barbata Poaceae Mindadin

7 Clitoria ternatea Fabaceae Gokern

8 Cynodon cretica Convolvulaceae Rudanti

9 Cynodon doctylon Poaceae Darbh

11 Daemia extensa Asclepiadaceae Chamar Dudheli

12 Echinops echinatus Asteraceae Shulio

13 Heliotropium supinum Boraginaceae Ghedio Okharad

14 Heteropogon contortus Poaceae Dabhsuliu

15 Ipomoea aquatica Convolvulaceae Nali Ni Bhaji

16 Nymphaea stellata Nymphaeaceae Poyana

17 Triumfeitta rotundifolia Tiliaceae Gol Zipti

18 Typha angustata Typhaceae Ramban

19 Xanthium strumarium Asteraceae Gokhru




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Casia tora Flacourtia indica

Barleria cuspidata Anaphalis contortis

Capparis grandis Butea monosperma

Plate 3-1: Floral species found in the study area




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Sonchus arvensis Parthenium histerophorous

Ziziphus nummularia Calotropis procera

Acacia nilotica

Plate 3-2: Floral species found in the study area




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Table 3.18:Agricultural Crops found in Study area SN Scientific Name Family Vernicular Name

1 Triticum aestivum Poaceae Gehu

2 Oryza sativa Poaceae Chokha

3 Sorghum vulgare Poaceae Bajra

4 Gossypium herbaceum Malvaceae Kapas

5 Cuminum cyminum Apiaceae Jiru

Acridotheres tristis Sturnus pagodarum

Passer domesticus Ardeola grayii




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Vanellus indicus Pycnonotus cafer

Merops orientalis Corvus splendens

Upupa epops Streptopelia senegalensis




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Psittacula krameri Dendrocitta vagabunda

Plate 3-3: Avian species found in the study area

Table 3.19:Amphibian in Study area Sl Scientific Name Common Name Schedule

1 Euphllyctis cyanophlytis Skipper Frog IV

2 Bufo melanostictus Common Indian Toad IV

Table 3.20:Reptiles in Study Area Sl Scientific Name Common Name Schedule

1 Calotes versicolor Calotes IV

2 Mabuya carinata skink IV

3 Hemidoctylus flaviviridi Wall Lizard IV

4 Ptyas mucous Rat snake IV

5 Naja naja Cobra II

Table 3.21:Birds Spices found in Study Area Sl Scientific Name Common Name Schedule

1 Ardeola grayii Pond Heron IV

2 Bulbulcus ibis Cattle Egret IV

4 Vanellus indicus Red Wattled Lapwing IV

5 Himantopus himantopus Blackwinged Stilt IV

7 Streptopelia chinensis Spotted Dove IV

8 Streptopila tranquebarica Red Turtle Dove IV

9 Columba livia Blue Rock Pigeon IV

10 Alcedo athis Common Kingfisher IV

14 Corvus splendens House Crow V

15 Acredotheres tristis Common Myna IV

16 Pycnonotus cafer Red vented Bilbul IV




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17 Turdoides striatus Jungle babbler IV

19 Passar domesticus House Sparrow IV

Table 3.22: Mammals in Study area Sl Scientific Name Common Name Schedule

1 Funnambulus pennati Palm Squirrel IV

2 Herpestes edwardsii Mongoose IV

3 Golunda ellioti Indian Bush Rat V

4 Mus booduga Indian Field mouse/Chuha V

Table 3.23:Insects in Study area

Sl Scientific Name Common Name

1 Acheta domesticus House Cricket

2 Blatta germanica Cockroach

3 Musca domestica House Fly

4 Anopheles sp. Mosquito

6 Culex Sp. Mosquito

7 Eurema hecabe simulata Common Grass Yellow

8 Euploea core core Common Crow

9 Pheidole sp. Black Ant

10 Oecophylla smar Red Ant

11 Vespa sp. Wasp

12 Bombus sp. Bumble Bee

13 Stegodyphus sarasinorum Social Spider

14 Phidippus punjabensis Jumping Spider

15 Oxyopes shweta Lynx Spider

16 Hippasa sp. Funnel

17 Pardosa mukundi Wolf Spider

18 Lycosa sp. Wolf Spider

19 Argiope anasuja Garden Spider

Forests

There is no forest land within 10 km radius of the project field. There are 4 National Parks

and 21 Wildlife Sanctuaries in Gujarat; however, none of them is falling in the study area.

Even District Ahmedabad does not have any National Parks and Wildlife Sanctuaries. The

Forest and vegetation Map of Gujarat is shown in Figure 3.12 and National Parks with

Wildlife Sanctuaries Map of Gujarat is shown in Figure 3.13Error! Reference source not

found.:




Page 67

Forest Types

The state Gujarat has wide variations in Geomorphological and Eco-climatic conditions

ranging from hot saline deserts to humid hilly tracts and from coast to high hills have resulted

in to formation of various types of forest. The forest areas of Gujarat are unevenly distributed

and the major concentration of forests is found all along the eastern border of the state and

the hilly portion of Saurashtra. Major forests are found mainly in the districts of Dangs,

Valsad, Surat and Junagadh. A total of 14,653 km2 forest cover recorded in the State which is

about 11.74 % of the total state‟s geographical area. The present project area falls in the

Ahmadabad district which accounts a geographical area of 8,707 km2 having 151 km

2 forest

cover which is about 1.73% of the district‟s geographical area. Most of the forest area in the

district comes under Open Forest category (137 km2) and there is no dense forest area present

in the district (SFR FSI, 2013). According to Champion and Seth (1968), state has 4 major

forest type groups present in the state viz. Tropical Dry Deciduous Forests (5A), Tropical

Moist Deciduous Forests (3B), Littoral and Swamp

Protected Areas

There are no protected areas in the vicinity of the project area. There are also no monuments

of historical and archaeological importance within the study area.




Page 68

Figure 3.12: Forest Map of Gujarat (Source: Internet)

Figure 3.13: Map of National Parks and Wildlife Sanctuaries in Gujarat (Source:

Internet)




Page 69

3.4.9 Socio-Economic Environment

The study area describes the circles of radius 10 km around the project site located at village

Salajada in the Ahmedabad district of Gujarat state. There is no any National Park/ Wildlife

Sanctuary or Reserved Forest (RF) in the study area. The land use pattern of the study area is

presented in the table below:

Table 3.24: Table: Land Use Pattern of the Study Area

Table: Land Use Pattern of the Study Area

S. No. Land Use Pattern Area (In Hec.)

1 Forest Land 14.4

2 Non-agricultural uses Land 857.8

3 Barren/Un-culturable Land 831.9

4 Permanent Pastures & Other Grazing Land 1,435.3

5 Miscellaneous Tree Crops Land 72.0

6 Culturable Waste Land 1,478.6

7 Fallows Land (Other than Current Fallows) 405.5

8 Current Fallows Land 619.0

9 Net Area Sown 26,412.9

10 Total Un-irrigated Land 7,992.1

11 Total Land Irrigated by Sources 18,420.9

11 (a) Land Irrigated by Canals 8,971.6

18,420.9 11 (b) Land Irrigated by Wells/Tube wells 7,820.3

11 (c) Land Irrigated by Tanks/Lakes 1,626.9

11 (d) Land Irrigated by Other Sources 2.1

In the study area, there are about 40 identified habitations in which 34 are villages and

remaining six are town areas, which are distributed in different sub-districts of Ahmedabad

district of Gujarat. All the identified habitations configuring approximately 49,033

households with population of almost 2,38,910. Based on number of households, the largest

habitation identified is Dholka which is a municipal town with 16,584 households having




Page 70

total population of 80,945 distributed as 41,905 males and 39,040 females. In the same way,

the second largest habitation identified is Baola which is also a municipal town with 9,089

households which constituting population of 42,458 with 22,341 males and 20,117 females.

Similarly, the third largest habitation identified is a village namely Badarkha with 1,966

households having total population of 10,002 distributed as 5,371 males and 4,631 females.

Whereas, based on number of households the smallest habitation identified is Morasiya

which is a villagewith 100 households constituting the village population of 646 with 342

males and 304 females. Similarly, the second smallest habitation identified is Amipura with

107 households having village population of 611 with 294 males and 317 females. The third

smallest habitation identified is Shekhdi with 136 households having the village population

672 with 351 males and 321 females. The top three highest literacy rate is observed in Baola

(84.8%) followed by Rajoda (83.8%) and Rupal (83.6%) in the district. Similarly, the bottom

three literacy rate is observed in Amipura (57.6%) followed by Juwal (57.7%) and Vasna

Dhedhal (59.3%).

The project village Salajada located at Baola sub-districtwith 321 households having

population of 1,423 with 736 males and 687 females forming the sex ratio of the village 933

females per 1,000 males. In the village about 12.7 per cent population belongs to (0-6) age

group having sex ratio of 828 boys per 1,000 girl child. The literacy rate in the project village

is 75.4 per cent with 86.7 per cent male and 63.6 per cent female literacy rate. Out of the total

population of the village, about 44.4 per cent are working and remaining 55.6 per cent are

non-working population. The project village has a government primary school, a primary

health sub-centre and a family welfare centre. The village is connected with the roads which

are black topped (pakka), gravel (kachcha) and footpath facilitated with public bus services,

auto & taxi services. The people of the project village mostly used Tap and Tank as a sources

for drinking water.

The project district Ahmedabad is located in the central part of the Gujarat state. The district

headquarters, Ahmedabad is the largest city in Gujarat and seventh largest urban

agglomeration in India. The district is spread across ten talukas viz. Barwala, Daskroi,

Dholka, Dhandhuka, Detroj, Sanand, Bavla, Ranpur, Mandal and Viramgam. Ahmedabad is

an industrial base for sectors such as textiles, chemicals, drugs & pharmaceuticals and agro &

food processing industries and is popularly known as the „Manchester of India‟. Textiles and




Page 71

Chemicals have been the major sectors of investment and employment in the district since

long time. Major crops being produced in the district are cucurbits, cabbage, cumin, citrus

and cotton. According to Census of India 2011, the district has a population of 72,14,225 of

which 37,88,051 males and 34,26,174 females. The overall sex ratio is 904 females per 1000

males. The child sex ratio (0-6 Age) is 857 girls per 1000 boys. The district has an average

literacy rate of 85.31% with male literacy of 90.74% and female literacy of 79.35%. The

population density of the district is 890/sq. km.

Main agricultural commodities in the study area are Wheat, Cotton, Paddy, Rice, Bajra,

Caster, Green Gram, Pigeon Pea, Pulses and Cumin etc.

District wise list of habitations/villages identified in the study area is given in the table

below:

Table 3.25: List of Villages in the Study Area

S.

No. Rural/Urban

S.

No. Rural/Urban

S.

No. Rural/Urban

01 Bavla (Urban) 15 Shekhdi 29 Hasannagar

02 Kerala 16 Juval Rupavati 30 Amipura

03 Dholka (Urban) 17 Saljada 31 Chiyada

04 Morasiya 18 Jalalpur Vazifa 32 Bhayla

05 Vasna

Chacharavadi

(Urban)

19 Ranoda 33 Sakodara

06 Rajoda (Urban) 20 Sindhraj 34 Lana

07 Rupal 21 Sari (Urban) 35 Shiyawada

08 Kochariya 22 Matoda (Urban) 36 Jalalpur

Godhaneshvar

09 Zekda 23 Modasar 37 Khanpur

10 Badarkha 24 Daran 38 Rajpur

11 Kavitha 25 Juwal 39 Lodariyal

12 Saroda 26 Vasna Dhedhal 40 Chaloda

13 Chandisar 27 Dhedhal

Total= 40 14 Vasna Keliya 28 Adroda

Baseline Data




Page 72

The baseline data with respect to population and amenities available in the study area has

been worked out as under:

I. Demographic Particulars:

Table 3.26: Demographic Particulars/Population Details of the Study Area

S. No. Description Number Percentage to

Respective Total

1 Total Population 2,38,910 100.0

Male 1,24,179 52.0

Female 1,14,731 48.0

Sex Ratio 924

2 Population (0-6 age group) 30,833 100.0

Male 16,528 53.6

Female 14,305 46.4

Sex Ratio 866

3 Population of Scheduled Caste

Community

31,951 100.0

Male 16,800 52.6

Female 15,151 47.4

Sex Ratio 902

4 Population of Scheduled Tribe

Community

883 100.0

Male 495 56.1

Female 388 43.9

Sex Ratio 784

5 Population of General Community

(including OBC)

2,06,076 100.0

Male 1,06,884 51.9

Female 99,192 48.1

Sex Ratio 928

6 Total No. of Households 49,033

Average Household Size 5

7 Total Literates 1,62,838 100.0

Male 93,414 57.4

Female 69,424 42.6

Overall Literacy Rate 78.3

Male 86.8

Female 69.1

Gender Gap in Literacy Rate 17.7

8 Total Workers 92,503 100.0




Page 73

Source: Census 2011

Population Composition

According to Census 2011, total population of the study area has been worked out to

2,38,910. The gender wise distribution of the above population is 1,24,179 (52.0 per cent)

male and 1,14,731 (48.0 per cent) female. The overall sex ratio in the study area has been

worked out to 924 females per 1,000 males.

Village wise population distribution with sex ratio is given in the table below:

Male 71,332 77.1

Female 21,171 22.9

Gender Gap in Work Participation Rate 54.2

9 Main Workers 77,372 100.0

Male 65,355 84.5

Female 12,017 15.5

Gender Gap in Work Participation Rate 69.0

10 Marginal Workers 15,131 100.0

Male 5,977 39.5

Female 9,154 60.5

Gender Gap in Work Participation Rate -21.0

11 Household Industrial Workers 3,599 100.0

Male 2,423 67.3

Female 1,176 32.7

12 Total Agricultural Workers 41,006 100.0

Male 29,500 71.9

Female 11,506 28.1

12 (a) Cultivators 13,040 100.0

Male 11,600 89.0

Female 1,440 11.0

12 (b) Agricultural Labour 27,966 100.0

Male 17,900 64.0

Female 10,066 36.0

13 ‘Other Workers’ 47,898 100.0

Male 39,409 82.3

Female 8,489 17.7




Page 74

Table 3.27: Village wise Population Distribution with Sex Ratio

S. No. Village/Town Population Sex

Ratio Total Male Female

01 Bavla (Urban) 42,458 22,341 20,117 900

02 Kerala 1,560 827 733 886

03 Dholka (Urban) 80,945 41,905 39,040 932

04 Morasiya 646 342 304 889

05 Vasna Chacharavadi

(Urban) 2,513 1,341 1,172 874

06 Rajoda (Urban) 3,232 1,686 1,546 917

07 Rupal 4,418 2,301 2,117 920

08 Kochariya 3036 1549 1487 960

09 Zekda 1,298 679 619 912

10 Badarkha 10002 5,371 4,631 862

11 Kavitha 7,591 3,925 3,666 934

12 Saroda 4,534 2,388 2,146 899

13 Chandisar 4,698 2,416 2,282 945

14 Vasna Keliya 5,776 2,977 2,799 940

15 Shekhdi 672 351 321 915

16 Juval Rupavati 1,566 810 756 933

17 Saljada 1,423 736 687 933

18 Jalalpur Vazifa 4,071 2,129 1,942 912

19 Ranoda 2,122 1,097 1,025 934

20 Sindhraj 2,577 1,313 1,264 963

21 Sari (Urban) 2,040 1,029 1,011 983




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22 Matoda (Urban) 2,597 1,334 1,263 947

23 Modasar 5,410 2832 2,578 910

24 Daran 3,651 1875 1,776 947

25 Juwal 4,545 2320 2,225 959

26 Vasna Dhedhal 2,748 1420 1,328 935

27 Dhedhal 3,146 1616 1,530 947

28 Adroda 2,474 1279 1,195 934

29 Hasannagar 1,504 779 725 931

30 Amipura 611 294 317 1,078

31 Chiyada 3,034 1,538 1,496 973

32 Bhayla 2,597 1,332 1,265 950

33 Sakodara 1,924 995 929 934

34 Lana 1,522 794 728 917

35 Shiyawada 2,256 1,165 1,091 936

36 Jalalpur

Godhaneshvar 906 480 426 888

37 Khanpur 1,451 751 700 932

38 Rajpur 897 482 415 861

39 Lodariyal 1,818 920 898 976

40 Chaloda 8,641 4,460 4,181 937

TOTAL 2,38,910 1,24,179 1,14,731 924

Source: Census 2011

Child Population Distribution

In the study area, the total child population of age group of (0-6) age group has been worked

out to 30,833 which constitute 12.9 per cent of the total population. Of the total child

population, 53.6 per cent are boys and remaining 46.4 per cent are girl child. The child sex

ratio in the age group (0-6) is 866 girls per 1,000 boys




Page 76

Source: Census 2011

Social Group Population Distribution

In the study area, Scheduled Caste (SC) population is 31,951 which constitute about 13.4 per

cent of total population of the study area. Of this, 52.6 per cent is male and remaining 47.4

per cent is female. The sex ratio among Scheduled Caste population has been worked out to

902 females per 1,000 males.

Further, the Scheduled Tribe (ST) population in the study area is about 833 which represent

only about 0.4 per cent of the total population. Of the total Scheduled Tribe population, 56.1

per cent is male and 43.9 per cent is female. The sex ratio among the Scheduled Tribe

population has been worked out to 784 females per 1,000 males. Among all the 40 identified

habitations, there are sixteen habitations namely Morasiya, Rajoda, Kochariya, Zekda,

Ranoda, Sari, Modasar, Daran, Dhedhal, Hasannagar, Amipura, Chiyada, Shiyawada,

Khanpur, Lodariyal and Chaloda where the population of this community does not subsist.

Village/Town wise SC and ST population distribution is given in the table below:

Table 3.28: Village wise Scheduled Tribe Population Distribution with Sex Ratio

S. No. Village/Town Population

SC Male Female ST Male Female

01 Bavla (Urban) 4,525 2,372 2,153 97 57 40

02 Kerala 297 152 145 07 04 03

03 Dholka (Urban) 8,337 4,389 3,948 408 227 181

04 Morasiya 236 128 108 00 00 00

05 Vasna Chacharavadi (Urban)

877 471 406 108 61 47




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06 Rajoda (Urban) 855 444 411 00 00 00

07 Rupal 421 220 201 10 08 02

08 Kochariya 410 218 192 00 00 00

09 Zekda 309 164 145 00 00 00

10 Badarkha 1,684 909 775 04 04 00

11 Kavitha 1,501 791 710 26 15 11

12 Saroda 745 391 354 13 06 07

13 Chandisar 720 388 332 06 03 03

14 Vasna Keliya 1,303 677 626 10 06 04

15 Shekhdi 36 18 18 08 05 03

16 Juval Rupavati 453 235 218 24 16 08

17 Saljada 225 116 109 40 21 19

18 Jalalpur Vazifa 647 348 299 06 03 03

19 Ranoda 882 466 416 00 00 00

20 Sindhraj 1,243 633 610 02 01 01

21 Sari (Urban) 222 116 106 00 00 00

22 Matoda (Urban) 100 59 41 39 23 16

23 Modasar 501 261 240 00 00 00

24 Daran 137 70 67 00 00 00

25 Juwal 137 75 62 01 01 00

26 Vasna Dhedhal 294 151 143 02 00 02

27 Dhedhal 261 142 119 00 00 00

28 Adroda 515 265 250 06 03 03

29 Hasannagar 211 112 99 00 00 00

30 Amipura 83 38 45 00 00 00

31 Chiyada 622 327 295 00 00 00

32 Bhayla 413 222 191 07 03 04

33 Sakodara 296 147 149 06 02 04

34 Lana 114 60 54 33 16 17

35 Shiyawada 161 80 81 00 00 00




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36 Jalalpur Godhaneshvar

143 75 68 13 06 07

37 Khanpur 128 62 66 00 00 00

38 Rajpur 229 126 103 07 04 03

39 Lodariyal 139 70 69 00 00 00

40 Chaloda 1,539 812 727 00 00 00

TOTAL 31,951

16,800

15,151 883 495 388

Furthermore, population of the „General Category‟ including „Other Backward Caste (OBC)‟

has been worked out to 2,06,076 which comprises about 86.3 per cent of total population of

the study area. Of this, 51.9 per cent is male and remaining 48.1 per cent is female. The sex

ratio among this segment of population has been worked out to 928 females per 1,000 males.

Household and Average Household Size

The entire population of the study area is distributed into approx. 49,033 households and the

overall average household size is five. At the habitation level, it has been observed that the

lowest average household size is four whereas that of the highest is six. The average

household size in the project village Salajada is four.

Literates, Literacy Rate and Gender Gap in Literacy Rate

In the study area, 68.2 per cent of the population is literate. The gender wise distribution of

literates is male 57.4 per cent and female 42.6 per cent. The overall literacy rate in the study

area has been worked out to 78.3 per cent. The male literacy rate is 86.8 per cent and female




Page 79

literacy rate is 69.1 per cent, creating a gender gap in literacy rate of 17.7 per cent. The three

highest literacy rates is observed in Baola with 84.8 per cent followed by Rajoda (83.8%) and

Rupal (83.6%) whereas that of the three lowest is observed in Amipura, Juwal and Vasna

Dhedhal with literacy rates of 57.6%, 57.7% and 59.3% respectively.

Source: Census 2011

Workers and Work Participation Rate

In the study area, total number of workers has been worked out to 92,503 which constitute

38.7 per cent of the total population. Of the total workers, 77.1 per cent are males and the

remaining 22.9 per cent are females. In absolute term, total number of male workers is 71,332

and that of female is 21,171. The gender gap in work participation rate is 54.2 per cent.

Further, of the total workers 83.6 per cent are Main Workers and the remaining 16.4 per cent

are Marginal Workers. Of the total Main Workers, 84.5 per cent are male and the remaining

15.5 per cent are female. The gender gap in work participation rate among the main workers

is 69.0 per cent. In case of Marginal Workers, 39.5 per cent are male and 60.5 per cent are

female which creates a gender gap in work participation rate of minus (-) 21.0 per cent which

indicates that in case of marginal workers, women‟s participation is larger than that of men‟s.




Page 80

Source: Census of India, 2011

Habitations wise distribution of working population is given in the table below:

Table 3.29 :Habitations wise Working Population

S. No. Village/Town Workers

Total Main Marginal

01 Bavla (Urban) 15,559 14,371 1,188

02 Kerala 938 485 453

03 Dholka (Urban) 28,936 24,295 4,641

04 Morasiya 260 230 30

05 Vasna Chacharavadi (Urban)

1,012 971 41

06 Rajoda (Urban) 1,073 1,069 04

07 Rupal 1,697 1,575 122

08 Kochariya 1,460 911 549

09 Zekda 654 654 00

10 Badarkha 3,883 3,308 575

11 Kavitha 2,898 2,328 570

12 Saroda 1,608 1,502 106

13 Chandisar 1,707 1,413 294

14 Vasna Keliya 2,784 2,299 485

15 Shekhdi 443 220 223

16 Juval Rupavati 631 530 101

17 Saljada 632 630 02




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18 Jalalpur Vazifa 2,101 1,462 639

19 Ranoda 752 666 86

20 Sindhraj 991 777 214

21 Sari (Urban) 740 658 82

22 Matoda (Urban) 1,184 752 432

23 Modasar 2,100 1,628 472

24 Daran 1,622 1,078 544

25 Juwal 2,023 1,538 485

26 Vasna Dhedhal 1,239 807 432

27 Dhedhal 1,544 1,247 297

28 Adroda 1,125 746 379

29 Hasannagar 890 796 94

30 Amipura 255 62 193

31 Chiyada 1,123 1,111 12

32 Bhayla 1,012 991 21

33 Sakodara 812 660 152

34 Lana 631 498 133

35 Shiyawada 873 830 43

36 Jalalpur Godhaneshvar 436 269 167

37 Khanpur 462 272 190

38 Rajpur 340 327 13

39 Lodariyal 835 560 275

40 Chaloda 3,238 2,846 392

TOTAL 92,503 77,372 15,131


The workers are further divided into Agricultural Workers, Household Industrial Workers

and „Other Workers‟. Their shares in the total workers are 44.3 per cent, 3.9 per cent and 51.8

per cent respectively.




Page 82


Of the inhabitants working in agricultural sector, 31.8 per cent are Cultivators who possess

cultivable land and the remaining 68.2 per cent are Agricultural Labour, who does not

possess land but work in the land owned by big farmers as wage earners or share cropper.


II. BASIC AMENITIES:

Table 3.30: Basic Amenities Available in the Study Area

Table: Basic Amenities Available in the Study Area

EDUCATION

Educational Institutions

Type of Institutes Number

Pre-primary School (Pvt.) 03

Primary School (Govt. & Pvt.) 86

Secondary School (Govt. & Pvt.) 26

Senior Secondary School (Govt. & Pvt.) 19

Special School for Disabled (Govt.) 01

Degree College- Art & Commerce (Pvt.) 01




Page 83

Degree College- Others (Pvt.) 04

Vocational Training Institute (Govt. & Pvt.) 07

HEALTH

Health Facilities

Type of Facilities Number

Hospital (Allopathic) 04

Hospital (Alternative) 01

Hospital (Veterinary) 03

Hospital/Clinic (T.B.) 01

Hospital (Charitable: Non-government) 06

Dispensary 03

Nursing Home 02

Non-Govt. Medical Facilities (For In & Out Patient)

08

Non-Govt. Medical Facilities (For Out Patient) 56

Primary Health Centre 03

Primary Health Sub-Centre 17

Family Welfare Centre 02

Maternity & Child Welfare Centre 04

Maternity Home 02

WATER

Drinking Water

Means of Drinking Water No. of Habitations where the facility available

Tap (Untreated) 40

Hand Pump 13 Tube Well 30

Well (Covered) 02

Well (Uncovered) 09

River 12 ELECTRICITY

Electricity Supply

Power for Domestic Uses 40

Power for Agriculture Uses 40

Power for Commercial or Industrial Uses

40

ROAD

Approach Road

Black Topped (Paved/Pucca) Road

39

Gravel (Mud/Kachcha) Road

25

Footpath Road 40




Page 84

TRANSPORTATION

Road Transportation

Public Bus Services 40

Private Bus Services 14

Auto Services 09

Taxi Services 09


Other amenities available: Agricultural Credit Society, Nutritional Centre (Anganwadi),

ASHA, Public Distribution System (PDS) Shops, Agricultural Marketing Society,

Nationalized Bank, Cooperative Bank, Post Offices, Internet Cafe, Public Telephone Booths,

Private Courier Facility, Self-Help Group (SHG), Public Library and Public Reading Rooms

etc.




Page 85

CHAPTER-4 : Anticipated Environmental Impacts and

Mitigation Measures

4.1 Impacts

Matrix methodology has been adopted for the impact assessment of this project. This method

incorporates a list of activities and their likely environmental impacts, presented in a matrix

format. Combining these lists as horizontal and vertical axes in the matrix allows the identification

of cause-effect relationships, if any, between specific activities and impacts. In this case, the

entries of the matrix are qualitative estimates of these cause-effect relationships. Table 4.1

summarizes the interactions between the proposed project and the sensitivities of the local and

regional environment. At this stage, the interactions are not quantified but simply identified for

further consideration in the environmental impact assessment.

Table4.1: Impact Matrix

Impacts due to

Project

Activities

Environmental Sensitivities

Physical Biological Socio-Economic

So

il a

nd

sed

imen

t

Wate

r Q

uali

ty

Air

Qu

ali

ty

No

ise

Flo

ra

Fau

na

Liv

ing

co

nd

itio

ns

of

local

peo

ple

Eco

no

my

Pers

on

nel/

sup

po

rt c

rew

s

Arc

haeo

log

y

To

uri

sm/L

eis

ure

Lan

d U

se

1. Site

Selection

2. Site

Preparation &

Installation of

Facilities

X X

3. Road

Construction

X

X

X

X X X X

4. Drilling

Operation

X X X X X

a. Physical




Page 86

Impacts due to

Project

Activities

Environmental Sensitivities

Physical Biological Socio-Economic

So

il a

nd

sed

imen

t

Wate

r Q

uali

ty

Air

Qu

ali

ty

No

ise

Flo

ra

Fau

na

Liv

ing

co

nd

itio

ns

of

local

peo

ple

Eco

no

my

Pers

on

nel/

sup

po

rt c

rew

s

Arc

haeo

log

y

To

uri

sm/L

eis

ure

Lan

d U

se

Presence

b. Noise &

Vibration

X X X X X

c. Atmospheric

Emissions

X X

d. Waste Water

Generation

X

e. Solid /

Hazardous

waste disposal

X X X X

f. Impact on

Land due to

Drilling

X X

g. Socio-

economic

impacts due to

Drilling

Operation

X X

4.1.1 The Major Activities that may have Impact on Environment

Physical Presence: The rig support equipments can represent a temporary obstacle to other

activities including the movement of wild animals.

Atmospheric Emissions: Routine emission to ambient air results from the operation of DG sets to

be used for power generation. Generally the testing of the well also results in emission to

atmosphere by the way of flaring of produced hydrocarbons.

Noise & Vibration: Noise and vibration is expected to be generated from DG sets and mud

pumps during drilling operation.

Wastewater Generation: Waste water is expected to be generated from the operations, in the

form of excess drilling fluid discharge and also from domestic uses.




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Solid/ Hazardous Waste Disposal: Waste includes spent mud, wastewater, drill cuttings, sewage

and garbage/refuse (solid waste). These will be collected and transferred for disposal.

Impact on Land due to Drilling: Soil compaction due to equipment transport and movement off-

road vehicles during drilling activity could result in loss of topsoil and decrease in soil

productivity. Soil contamination due to spillage of liquids from drilling activities, surface

disturbance associated with activities such as road construction, well pads, and removal of

vegetation.

4.2 Assessment of Impacts and Mitigation Measures

4.2.1 Physical Presence

The drilling sites will be located on a small platform and the undulations around the platform will

be leveled by earthmoving machinery. Pits for drilling mud, sludge and waste water will also have

to be constructed. Site-preparation shall take place in parallel with the road-construction. Once

the site has been prepared and the drilling equipment set up, the disturbance level is likely to go

down.

Drilling will be confined to a relatively small area and staff will be restricted to the fenced

location or along the access road. Overall, experience shows that interference can be avoided over

the short drilling period by introducing good management practices and the impact of the physical

presence of the drilling program is anticipated to be negligible.

4.2.2 Noise and Vibration

For hemispherical sound wave propagation through homogeneous loss free medium, the noise

levels at various locations from different sources can be estimated by using the relation:

Lp2 = Lp1 20 log (r2/rl) – Ae1,2.

Where Lp1 and Lp2 are sound levels at two points located at distances r1 and r2 from the source.

Ae1, 2 is the excess attenuation due to environmental conditions. Combined effect of all the sources

then can be determined at various locations by using the principle of logarithmic addition:

Lptotal = 10 log (10(Lp1/10)

+ 10(Lp2/10)

+ 10(Lp3/10)

+ ………

)

The noise generated due to the diesel engines operating the rig along with the mud circulation

system is considered the most significant of the noise generating sources in the drilling operation.

Generally, the noise sources in a drilling well are scattered within an area of about 100 m x 100 m.




Page 88

It may be noted that the drilling operations will be carried out at a distance of more than 1 km

away from human habitation. Thus the noise pollution can be considered as negligible for the

nearest human habitation.

The noise propagation modeling performed for noise generation due to operation of the diesel

engines shows the following exposure levels (Table 4.2) in terms of the occupational and human

settlement exposure levels.

Table 4.2: Occupational and Human Exposure Levels

Type of exposure Predicted exposure level dB(

A)

1. Occupational exposure

Leq (8 h) at drilling platform (rig, mud

circulation system, Diesel engines)

104

Leq (8 h) at the site boundary (about

40 m from drilling platform)

64

2. Human settlement exposure

Leq (24 h) at villages 0.5 km or more away 54 (day)

47 (night)

The background noise level in the rural/ residential areas has been observed in the range of 45.4-

54.5 dB (A) during daytime (Chapter 3) and 37.5 – 44.0 dB (A) during nighttime.

The damage risk criteria for hearing, as enforced by OSHA, USA, stipulate that noise levels up to

90 dB (A) are acceptable for 8-hour exposure per day. In this context, it is to be noted that:

At places, excepting the drill floor and near the mud pumps, continuous attendance of

workers is not required. Hence, the workers, other than those working at the drilling platform, will

not be exposed to continuously high noise levels.

The noise level at the drilling platform is of concern from occupational health

consideration and adequate protective measures aimed at reducing the effect of noise levels will

have to be taken for these workers.

The noise levels predicted for the human settlements will be below the levels specified

by the CPCB for residential areas.




Page 89

4.2.3 Air Environment

There is no area source considered for the purpose of impact predictions on air environment. The

point sources identified are diesel engines/generator sets at drill site and flaring of gas subsequent

to drilling, in the event of striking oil/gas. In this respect, the following are taken into

consideration:

The diesel engines and associated generators will be in operation 24 hours a day during

the drilling period, to provide power to the drilling rig, and mud circulation system and

for providing power to accommodation units at site.

Low sulphur diesel will be used as a fuel for operation of diesel engines/power

generators.

The gas flaring during testing of wells.

Dispersion Modeling for Emission from Flare Testing

Results obtained from dispersion modeling using similar meteorological conditions were used to

assess the incremental increase in CO, SO2 and NO2 in ambient air. The dispersion model had

considered following possible scenarios that is also applicable in the present case:

Flaring at the rate of 10,000 m3/day of natural gas at the drilling site. Such a scenario may

occur in case of an oil well having associated gas.

The dispersion modeling studies conducted for the flaring of natural gas are based on the

following assumptions:

The NO2 emission rate is 1.4kg/Mg of natural gas flared. (Source: EMEP/EEA

emission inventory guidebook 2013).

The SO2 emission rate is 0.013kg/Mg of natural gas flared. (Source: EMEP/EEA

emission inventory guidebook 2013).

The CO emission rate is 6.3kg/Mg of natural gas flared. (Source: EMEP/EEA emission

inventory guidebook 2013).

The flare gas density is 0.8 kg/m3. (Source: EMEP/EEA emission inventory guidebook

2013).

The heat emission due to the flaring of natural gas is 52.2KJ/g. (Source: Calorific

Value of Natural Gas).

The Model




Page 90

The impact of flaring and emissions from DG Sets on ground-level concentrations (GLCs) of

pollutants in ambient air was predicted using the AERMOD View model. GLCs were forecast

based on the worst meteorological conditions, i.e. high atmospheric stability and low wind speed.

Results

The GLCs of the pollutants due to flaring are as follows:

Table 4.3: Predicted GLCs due to Flaring S.No. Pollutants Incremental

Value, µg/m3

Baseline Data,

Max, µg/m3

GLCs , µg/m3 Standards

(NAAQS) µg/m3

1 NO2 (24-hr) 1.76 26 27.76 80

2 SO2(24-hr) 0.016 14 14.016 80

3 CO (1-hr) 55 1000 1055 4000

If we compare the above results with NAAQS 2009 standards, it can be easily inferred that the

flaring will not affect the existing environment very much as it will add very less pollutants to the

available baseline environment. Emission of gases from power generation on the drill rig is of

relatively low volume. Although such power generation emissions will contribute in a small way

to the overall pool of greenhouse and acidic gases in the atmosphere, totals emitted are relatively

small and local environmental effects will be negligible.




Page 91

Figure 4.1: GLC of SO2 (24 Hours) during Flaring




Page 92

Figure 4.2: GLC of NO2 (24 Hours)during Flaring




Page 93

Figure 4.3: GLC of CO (1 Hour)during Flaring




Page 94

Dispersion Modeling for Stack Emissions

The only source of emission is from DG Sets used during drilling operation. As a result,

stackemission from generators would constitute mainly NO2, PMand CO. The details of the DG

sets are given in Table 4.3.

Table 4.4: Stack & Emissions Characteristic

Parameters Particulars

No. and Capacity of Generators 4 x 360 KVA

Total HSD Fuel Consumption 170 lit./hr

No. of Stacks 4

Stack Height above the Ground level (m) 30

Stack Diameter (m) 0.3048

Flue Gas Exit Velocity (m/s) 22.85

Flue Gas Exit Temperature (K) 623

Emission Rate (g/s)

NO2 1.78

CO 1.55

Particulate Matter 0.09

Modeling Results

24 Hourly Maximum Ground-Level Concentrations (GLC‟s) for the pollutants to maximum

distance (m) in 10 km study area are presented in Table 4.5.

Table 4.5: Predicted Maximum GLCs due to DG Set

Parameter Incremental

Concentration

(g/ m3)

Baseline Data,

Max, µg/m3

GLCs, µg/m3 Standards

(NAAQS) µg/m3

NO2(24 hr) 24.1 26 50.1 80

PM(24 hr) 1.22 96 96.122 100

CO (1 hr) 147 1000 1147 4000

Similarly with the flaring results, here during DG set operation for drilling the pollutant emission

will be very less as compared to the existing baseline data. This will add only a very negligibale

amount of additional pollutant concentration and hence, the drilling operations will not cause

much pollution.




Page 95

Figure 4.4: GLC of CO (1 Hour)during DG Set Operation




Page 96

Figure 4.5: GLC of NO2 (24 Hour)during DG Set Operation




Page 97

Figure 4.6: GLC of PM (24 Hour)during DG Set Operation .




Page 98

It is to be noted that the Ambient Air Quality Monitoring stations were located at areas where

some amount of human and other activities were present. Compared to this, the well sites will be

located far from the human settlements and activities, where the parameters are expected to have

even lower values. Thus, the contribution of the drilling activities to the overall ambient air

quality will be insignificant considering the actual background values.

Practical steps to limit atmospheric emissions are undertaken during all drilling operations and

these will be adopted during the drilling program for the proposed exploration wells. These

include:

Advanced planning to ensure efficient operations;

Well maintained and operated equipment and generators;

Regular monitoring of fuel consumption.

4.2.4 Water Environment

The survey of the water environment in the area reveals that both surface water and ground water

sources are free from the usual contaminants (Chapter 3). However, the surface water is likely to

be bacteriologically contaminated. The water can be used for drinking and other purposes after

appropriate disinfection procedure.

During the drilling operations, the wastewater generated will consist of the spent drilling fluids,

waste liquid and water used for washing. This wastewater will be appropriately treated and

temporarily contained in specially designed lined pits (HDPE liner) pits during the drilling

process. This is in line with CPCB regulations and will ensure no percolation into the ground. The

composition of the drilling fluid is largely water and barite, bentonite with additives like K2SO4

and glycol. The samples of barite & bentonite to be used will be tested for heavy metals to

confirm that heavy metals are below the prescribed discharge limits set by the CPCB. The

wastewater will be treated mainly through flocculation & precipitation followed by dilution prior

to discharge or reuse .

Separate drainage facilities will be provided for storm water and other non-harmful effluents.

This run off will be channeled to a drilling mud source water pit to be used for drilling and

dilution operations. This measure will ensure minimum infiltration into ground water resources of

the area.




Page 99

The toilets and urinal at the site for use by the onsite personnel will be attached to a standard

sewage system comprising of septic tank and soak pits with concrete base to avoid infiltration of

sewerage water into the soil and ground water system.

Other possible contaminants are chemicals associated with the cementing process. These will be

caught in the return fluid during cementing and treated with the mud effluents.

In order to minimize potential environmental impacts on ground aquifer, the following measures

will be incorporated into the drilling and Environment Management Plan (EMP):

Installation of cuttings and fluid cleaning/treatment equipment to ensure optimal

cleaning of cuttings to reduce the amount of fluid that will be discharged with the cuttings as

far as practicable. The waste fluid generated will be treated and either reused or diluted and

discharged.

Putting in place management procedures to ensure optimal performance of the cuttings

cleaning equipment and shaker screen housekeeping.

Maintaining a continuous drill fluid mass balance throughout the drilling program.

Optimization of hole sizes to minimize the amount of rock to be drilled.

Wastewater generated from rig wash down may contain trace amounts of drill fluid, lubricants,

and residual chemicals resulting from small leaks or spills. The volume of these discharges

depends on the frequency of wash down and amount of rainfall. The wash down areas, all storage

areas and areas that might otherwise be contaminated with oil will be made of concrete and would

be segregated from other areas to ensure that any accidental spills are contained and the fluid

separately treated.

4.2.5 Solid and Hazardous Waste Impacts

The major waste product from a drilling operation is the generation of rock cuttings, plus small

amount of associated residual fluids adhering to the cuttings. It is estimated that from each drilling

operation 900 cum of cuttings are likely to generate. These cuttings will be treated and then stored

at site in HDPE lined pits.

Other waste products include garbage, food scraps, scrap metal, waste oil and surplus chemicals.

Careful attention will be given to minimize the amount of waste generated and controlling its

eventual disposal. Wherever possible all waste material will be segregated by type, color, and

garbage will be stored in a designated area. These wastes will be stored in suitable containers and

will be recycled or disposed of in a controlled manner through authorized waste contractors.




Page 100

Material like scrap metal, waste oil and surplus chemicals will be sent for recycle or reuse as far

as practicable.

Also, regarding the disposal of sewage, a septic tank and a soak pit arrangement will be provided

at site comprising of two-compartment waterproof chamber (designed as per the no. of users)

which will receive all waste from the toilet blocks. The night soil will undergo decomposition in

the first chamber through an anaerobic process and subsequently flow into the second chamber.

The two chambers will have an orifice in between at a designed level normally 1-1.5 meters above

the floor level. Most of the decomposed waste will be retained in the first chamber and any

suspended waste settles down in the second chamber. The effluent water will be allowed to move

into a soak pit, which is a deep circular pit dug below the NGL, partially lined at the

circumference and stacked with brick bats. The structure will be covered at the top. Water will

trickle through the bricks and be soaked in the ground. Proper implementation of environmental

management plan will ensure that there will be no impacts on land environment due to solid and

hazardous waste generated from the drilling operations.

4.2.6 Socio-Economic Environment

1. Impact on Demographic Composition

Resulting of the proposed project, there will be no substantial increase in inclusive population of

the study area as preferably inhabitant people will be recruited for employment. The migrants

from distant places will be kept bare minimum. Hence, there will be no significant impact on the

demographic composition in the study area. Since there will be no significant change in

population, the overall sex ratio will remain more or less same. Also, since the proposed project

site is not inhabited, therefore it does not involve rehabilitation & resettlement of people.

2. Impact on Employment Opportunities

One of the greatest impacts of the proposed project is creation of employment opportunities. It is

expected that a good number of people may get direct employment opportunities including skilled,

semi-skilled and unskilled workers along with some indirect employment opportunities. This may

change occupational, income & expenditure pattern of the people. The benefits of employment to

successful job seekers are expected to include, at a household and individual level, in increase in

socio-economic and health status, improvement to their quality of life and living condition, and

the benefits from greater household expenditure on education and healthcare resources.




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Employment will benefit a greater number of individuals than the total workforce number, as

positive changes at a household level will benefit (including women), relatives and young people.

3. Industrial Development

The proposed project will contribute in enhancement of production of crude oil & gas and

accordingly it is expected to contribute in the development of the country and local areas. The

increased production would generate additional revenue for the State Government as well as for

Central Government by way of payments on account of Royalty and Taxation. It is also expected

that the proposed project will play part in reducing the gap between demand & supply of crude oil

& gas in the country, which will help in reducing the import burden of the country. It will open

the venture for city gas in the remote areas. Hence, it may expect that due to the proposed project,

the scope for further industry movement will increase towards oil & gas projects to support

production of oil & gas products into the state and across the nation.

4. Impact on Transportation

The proposed project would result in the need to improve access roads since it would result in an

increase in industrial traffic of numerous heavy vehicles on project site. Overweight and oversized

loads could cause temporary disruptions and could require extensive modifications to roads. An

overall increase in traffic of heavy vehicles would accelerate the deterioration of pavement, and

require schedule pavement repair or replacement more frequently than under the existing traffic

conditions. Increased traffic may also result in a potential for increased accidents within the

project area. Increased recreational use of the area could contribute to a gradual increase in traffic

on the access roads. Therefore, infrastructure improvement by repairing or constructing roads will

be required in the area.

5. Impact on Agriculture

Since, the proposed project‟s route is also characterized as agricultural land. Hence, for a

particular time period there may be likely impact on the agricultural yield in the study area.

Farmers could be affected by loss of available grazing or crop lands. But, by making proper

arrangement & planning for the route it might be possible to minimize impact on agricultural land

and agricultural operations. By creating an environmental protection plan outlining what must be

done to protect the agricultural land during the drilling/project in operation. The plan may covers

aspects like how top soil and sub-soils will be replaced after the drlling is done, and where to




Page 102

leave gaps during construction to allow farm machinery and livestock to cross. By regularly

inspect and perform maintenance on all project compoenents in order to reduce impact on farming

operations, the project proponent may work with landowners to schedule the work to take place

around growing season.

6. Impact on Law & Order

No major law & order problem is envisaged due to the proposed project. It is expected that the

workers will attend to their duties from their residences and return to their homes after the day‟s

work.

Identification of Impact

Developmental activities e.g. Industrialization have negative impact on habitat of the species and

ecology of surrounding area. Primarily biodiversity may get affected by the project activities

hence it is essential to identify the possible impacts of any proposed project on biodiversity and

find out the way to mitigate impact as sustainable manner.

4.3 Impact on Ecology

As per primary ecological study there no any Rare, Endangered, Threatened floral and faunal

species has been found in the study area. No economically important plants, medicinal plants are

found inside the study area.

The native flora and fauna of study area will be affected due to oil exploration. Oil exploration

may cause habitat conversion, degradation, and fragmentation, contamination from improper

waste disposal or oil spills. Following table describes briefly how the oil exploration may affect

the plants species.

Development Process Sources of Impact Impact on plants

Drilling and completion Mud and cuttings, which

may contain chemical

additives, salts, metals, and

hydrocarbons, are often

stored in pits and buried on

site. This may sterilize soil.

Soil sterilization

Stimulation Many fracturing chemicals

are hazardous, and may

contaminate soil if spilled on

site.

Contaminate Soil

Produced water/ Fluids Salts, metals, hydrocarbons

or traces of chemical

additives in produced water

Contaminated soil

Contaminated water




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may contaminate soil if

spilled o the surface or

stored in earthen pits.

Produced water can also be

toxic to plant at high

concentrations

Direct harm to plants

Separation and

Dehydration

Pits or tanks that store

wastewater may leak or

overflow and contaminate

soil.

Contaminated soil

Gas Compression Soil and water pollution may

occur due to spills or leaks

of diesel or other fuel used

to power the compressors.

Contaminated soil

Contaminated water

Access Roads Roads compact soils and can

introduce non-native plant

species.

Direct loss of plant habitat


Introduction of competitive

non-natives

Prevent new plant growth

Construction/Siting Well pad construction

converts plant habitat and

causes soil compaction.

Direct loss of habitat


Habitat conversion

Habitat fragmentation

Also fugitive particles deposition on the agriculture fields and on standing crops may dropdown

the soil fertility and yield of crops. This may reduce the yield and quality of fodder grasses, fodder

species, and dissipate the milk quality of cows and buffalos feeding on it.

Noise due to drilling, and frequent vehicular movement may cause disturbance of movement of

animals. In that way, faunal species are very sensitive to any fragmentation in their habitat. Such

huge disturbance may leads to behavioral changes in animals, birds, and reptiles too.

The project will create significant ecological and environmental impacts on the following

components:

Discharge of wastewater and Oil exploration inflow water discharge (waterwill be stored into

abandoned voids)




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Aesthetic value loss (Due to exploration and developmental activities the area would

depreciate aesthetic value of the area, only an effective and systematicgreenbelt development

can help improving the aesthetic value of study area)

Soil compaction (Oil exploration may exert the negative impactson soil fertility, cause soil

compaction , microbial biomass etc.)

Drilling activities (fugitive dust, noise and vibration issues)

Installation of the land drilling rig will cause the vegetation removal and top soil removal

Ambient Air Quality (air pollution due to exploration and vehicular movements).

Ambient noise quality (blast and vibration, HEMM and vehicular movement).

Oil spillage may cause blocking of soil macro and micro pores, hereby hindering soil aeration

and water infiltration.

Similarly oil spillage during handling might hinder photosynthetic capacity of the plants if

plants get exposed to crude oil.

Oil spills result in an imbalance in the carbon -nitrogen (C/N) ratio at the spill site because

crude oil is essentially a mixture of carbon and hydrogen. This causes a nitrogen deficiency in

an oil-soaked soil which retards the growth of bacteria and the utilization of carbon

sources.

4.3.1 Proposed Mitigating Measures

To mitigate the possible impacts of drilling on ecology of the surrounding area following

mitigation measures would be taken in to consideration

I. Systematic exploration drilling methods will be followed. Drilling would be carried out

using cutting edge technology to reduce the impact of vibration and noise on Ecology and

biodiversity. There must have some monitoring mechanisms to look after the day to day

environment of the project and to ensure that the mitigation measures are implemented

effectively in function.

II. Fugitive particles remain always an issue. To mitigate the impact of such emissions water

sprinkler will be used on haul road for transportation of crude oil.

III. The three tier system for greenbelt will be developed with the help of economically

beneficial shrubs/ trees, floriculture, greenbelt in and around lease areas, and for avenue

plantation along haul roads. Green belt will also be very important to reduce the excessive

noise level.




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IV. Lime shall be applied to the crude oil contaminated soil so as to reduce the toxic

deposition in the soil and reduce the high pH level.

V. Fertilizers such as NPK shall use to replenish the soil nutrients, tetrachloromethane and

benzene as solvent shall use for soil treatment.

VI. Microbial inoculation in the soil shall doe since bacteria and fungi are the only biological

species which have the metabolic capacity of utilizing petroleum carbon for simpler form.

VII. Institutional mechanism like separate cell will be established to supervise and monitor

various mitigation measures.




Page 106

CHAPTER-5 : Analysis of Alternatives

No alternate site is considered as drilling operations are proposed to be carried outwithin the

existing Mining Lease of Baola Field.




Page 107

CHAPTER-6 : Environment Monitoring Program

Regular monitoring of environmental parameters is of immense importance to assess the

status of environment during project operation. With the knowledge of baseline conditions,

the monitoring programme will serve as an indicator for any deterioration in environmental

conditions due to operation of the project, which will enable to take suitable mitigatory steps

in time to safeguard the environment.

Monitoring is important to measure the efficiency of control measures. An environmental

impact assessment study is carried over for a specified period of time and the data generated

for that specific period cannot bring out all variations induced by the natural or human

activities. Therefore, regular monitoring programme of the environmental parameters is

essential to take into account the changes in the environmental quality. The objectives of

monitoring are to-

Verify effectiveness of planning decisions;

Measure effectiveness of operational procedures;

Confirm statutory and corporate compliance; and

Identify unexpected changes.

Monitoring will confirm that emissions are within the prescribed limits. This will take the

form of direct measurement and recording of quantitative information, such as quantity and

concentrations of discharges, emissions and wastes for measurement against corporate or

statutory standards, consent limits or targets. It may also require measurement of ambient

environmental quality in the vicinity of a site using ecological/biological, physical and

chemical indicators. Monitoring may include socioeconomic interaction, through local liaison

activities or even assessment of complaints.

The preventive approach by management may also require monitoring of process inputs, for

example, type and method used, resource consumption, equipment and pollution control

performance etc. Monitoring will also be required to meet compliance with statutory and

corporate requirements. Finally, monitoring results will provide the basis for auditing.




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6.1 Environmental Monitoring Schedule

An environmental monitoring plan is suggested to monitor environmental parameters during

survey, drilling and post drilling phase of the project. The monitoring plan is given in Table

6.1, 6.2 and 6.3 below. This monitoring plan is designed for ten years.

Table 6.1: Recommended Environmental Monitoring Protocol – Pre Drilling

Phase

Receptor Location Monitoring

Mechanism

Monitoring and

Reporting Frequency

Ambient Air

Quality

At project Location Monitoring NOx, SO2,

SPM, RPM, CO and

HC

Twice a week for a

month prior to drilling

Surface

water

Quality (if

available

during

monsoon)

Water bodies within

the radius of 1 km

from the project site

pH, conductivity, Total

Suspended Solids,

Total Dissolved Solids,

heavy metals, BOD and

COD

At least three samples

prior to drilling

Groundwater

Quantity

Within the radius of

1 km from the

project site. Water

sources used for

construction

purposes and dug

wells within 500 m

from wastewater

and mud ponds

Physico-chemical

parameters, heavy

metals and toxic

organic compounds

At least three samples

from one location prior

to drilling. The

monitoring should be

done at minimum four

locations, one location

on each direction

Noise Levels

At Project location For Background Noise

Levels (using Noise

meters)

Daily for a month prior

to drilling

Physical

Infrastructur

e

At Project Site 1. Lining of waste

ponds, drill cutting

ponds with 1 mm

HDPE sheets

2. Oil & grease

traps on outlets;

storm water runoff

points.

3. Presence of

impervious liners in

place for fuel,

lubricants storage

During site preparation




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Mechanism

Monitoring and

Reporting Frequency

area and drains with

oil entrapment

provision

4. Mud and work

associated system is

separated from

rain/storm drainage

system

5. Separate run off

routes for non-

contaminated and

contaminated run

off. Treatment

facilities for the

contaminated run off

6. Septic tank &

soak pits of adequate

size and presence of

bunds around the pit

7. Suitable

covering of soak pit

to arrest fly and

rodent nuisance

8. Impervious

flooring in fuel

storage and

refuelling areas

9. Chemical

storage should be

suitability covered

and imperviously

lined

Clearance of

Trees (if

existing)

At Project Location Inventory of trees

likely to be cut and

number of trees to be

planted as part of

Compensatory Tree

Plantation program.

During site preparation




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Table 6.2: Recommended Environmental Monitoring Protocol - During Drilling

Phase

Receptor Location Monitoring Mechanism Monitoring &

Reporting

Frequency

Natural

Resource

At Project site 1. Quantity of each type of

material used including water

consumption

2. Quantity of fuel used for

power

3. Quantity of fuel used by

transportation to and from rig

location & base

4. Percentage of material

used that have been reused or

recycled from waste.

Daily during

drilling phase

Ambient

Air Quality

At project

Location

Monitoring NOx, SO2, SPM, RPM,

CO and HC

Twice a week

for 24 hours

Surface

Water

Quality ( if

available

during

monsoon)

Water bodies

within the radius

of 1 km of project

site that will be

utilized for

consumption and

disposal

pH, conductivity, TSS, TDS,

heavy metals, BOD, COD etc

Every fortnight.

The monitoring

should be done

on the same

location where

monitoring was

done in pre

drilling phase

Groundwate

r Quality

Water sources used

for construction

purposes and dug

wells within 1km

from wastewater

and mud ponds.

Physico chemical parameters,

heavy metals and toxic organic

compounds.

Every fortnight.

The monitoring

should be done

on the same

location where

monitoring was

done in pre

drilling phase

Noise &

Vibration

At Rig Site, near

DG sets and

drilling pumps.

1. Noise level monitoring

2. Maintenance of machineries

3. No unnecessary operation of

machinery when not required

4. Use of ear plug by workforce

5. Presence of minimum 10 ft

high barrier around the well

site

Hourly during

drilling

operation




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Reporting

Frequency

Drilling

wastes

At drilling site 1. Drill cuttings wash water: its

quantification, characteristics

(TSS, TDS, organic

compounds, heavy metals, oil

& grease), its treatment and

safe disposal

2. Cuttings are dried to

maximum extent in Hi-G

drier system and dried

cuttings are disposed in

separate waste pits

3. Drill cuttings: Categorization

for parameters given in EPA

disposal standards prior to

disposal, quantification and

storage

4. Spent drilling fluid: its

treatment and reuse

5. Unused drilling mud: its

categorisation, storage,

transportation and safe

disposal.

6. Maintenance of Drill cutting

pit, waste mud pit and waste

water pit.

Daily during

drilling phase

Solid waste

Generation

At Project

Location

Waste segregation and disposal as

per waste management plan.

Daily during

drilling phase

Wastewater

Generation

At Project Site 1. Waste water generation rate

2. Treatment of wastewater by

clari-flocculator and treated

water meeting the wastewater

discharge standard (SPCB)

3. Integrity and maintenance of

the septic tanks and soak pits

4. Maintenance of waste water

treatment Units

Daily during

drilling phase




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Reporting

Frequency

Oil wastes At Drilling Site 1. Generation, collection,

storage facilities and safe

disposal

2. Facilities to prevent the

accidental oil spill

3. Separate storage facilities for

the fuel, lubricants and

chemicals and their inventory

Daily during

drilling phase

Oil Spills

At Drilling Site

1. Inventory of all oil

spills/leakages and quantity of

each spill

2. facilities according to oil spill

contingency plan

3. Availability of shovels, sands

and native soil at camp sites

and well site

4. Presence of oil drip pans in

potential oil leakages areas

Daily during

drilling phase

Soil Erosion

At Project

Location

Visual observations Daily during

routine

monitoring by

Contractor and

reported on a

weekly basis by

Project

Environment

Officer (PEO).

Socio-

Economics

At Project

Location

Local people recruited for all

manual labour and other job for

which local skill are available

During drilling

operation

Table 6.3: Recommended Environmental Monitoring Protocol - Post Drilling


Mechanism

Monitoring and

Reporting Frequency

Drilling waste

At project

Location

Quantification of Drill

cuttings, its

transportation and safe

disposal

At the end of the

drilling operation




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Mechanism

Monitoring and

Reporting Frequency

Land At Project

Location

Restoration and

rehabilitation through:

1. Wellhead and casing

string should be cut

off to minimum depth

of 3 m below ground

level

2. Demolition of

concrete structures

and disposal of debris

as per regulatory

requirements

3. Treatment and

disposal of waste

products, solids and

liquid in accordance

with regulatory

requirements

4. Removal of fencing

and gates

5. Backfilling and

closing of all on site

disposal pits as per

legal requirements

At the end of the

drilling operation

Surface Water

Quality (if

available during

monsoon)

At Project

Location within

radius of 1 km

pH, conductivity, TSS

and TDS, and BOD,

COD.

At the same location

where pre and during

drilling phase

monitoring was done.

Once a week for one

month after drilling is

complete.

Groundwater

Quality

Water sources

used for

construction

purposes and dug

wells within 1km

from wastewater

and mud ponds

Physico chemical

parameters, heavy

metals and toxic

organic compounds

At the same locations

where pre and during

drilling monitoring was

done. Monitoring twice

in pre and post

monsoon season for ten

years

Soil Erosion At drilling site

and along the

aligned water

Visual observations Monitored by

Contractor and reported

by PEO at the end of




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Mechanism

Monitoring and

Reporting Frequency

courses the drilling operation

Compensatory

tree plantation

Tree plantation

locations

Survival rate of tree

saplings

Once in a year for ten

years.

The post operational monitoring programme will be under the supervision of the Sun

petro and the Monitoring shall be carried out by recognized laboratories/ institutions/by Block

operator.

6.2 Monitoring of Various Parameters

Monitoring Methods

The site is considered as core zone and the area lying within 10km radius from the mine site

is considered as buffer zone.

Air Quality Monitoring

Ambient air quality should be monitored both upwind & downwind directions along with

adequate meteorological measurement for proper interpretation of data of PM10, SO2, NOX,

PM2.5.,Benzene, Benzopyrene, CO, Arsenic, Pb, Nickel, Ozone and Ammonia The number of

monitoring stations, air pollutants and frequency of monitoring will be decided as per the

CPCB guidelines in 2009. Meteorological stations will be monitored for wind direction and

speed, rainfall, temperature & humidity and evaporation.

Water Quality Monitoring

Monitoring of surface run-off and ground infiltration in the study area will be done once in

every season except monsoon. Quality of groundwater and surface water samples will be

analyzed for all the parameters as per IS-10500 and IS-2296 respectively. Also, the area

itself has three WTPs and hence a routine regular monitoring of water samples of the

reservoir is done.

Noise Quality Monitoring

Noise level monitoring will be done at the work zone to assess the occupational noise

exposure levels. Noise levels will also be monitored at the noise generating sources like




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mineral handling arrangements, vehicle movements and also nearby villages for studying the

impact due to higher noise levels for taking necessary control measures at the source.

Occupational Health & Safety

Health check-up for the workers will be conducted at regular intervals until the drilling

operation is over. The health camps status will be monitored and the information will be

furnished to the approving authority. Project proponent will also coordinate with general

public, regulatory authorities, local administration to appraise environmental performance of

the mine.

6.3 Reporting Schedule of Monitoring Data

The frequency of reporting of monitored data will be on six monthly basesto the State PCB

Gujaratand to Regional Office of MoEF&CC, New Delhi. Compliance report will be

submitted twice in a year for 6 months interval. The Environmental statement will be

prepared for the entire year of operations and will be regularly submitted to regulatory

authorities.

Table 6.4: Budget for Environmental Monitoring Program Parameter Sampling

Locations Cost per Sample, INR

Frequency Total cost for Six Monthly Compliance Report Submission, INR

Air 4 5000 2 per week except monsoon

720000

Water 4 7000 1 per season except Monsoon

56000

Soil 4 4000 1 per half yearly 16000

Noise 4 3000 1 per season except Monsoon

24000

Greenbelt 1 Once in a year 50000

Total 8,66,000

For Five Years, Total 43,30,000




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CHAPTER-7 : Additional Studies

7.1 Risk Assessment M/s Sun Petrochemicals Private Limited (SunPetro) Company is engaged in the business of


for Baola Gas field in Gujarat for exploration and production under Production Sharing

Contracts (PSC) signed with the Government of India.

The Baola field was awarded to Interlink Petroleum Limited (IPL) under production sharing

contract (PSC) by Government of India for expeditious exploitation of hydrocarbon. Based

on the interpretation of 3D data, one appraisal well Baola#8 was drilled in 2010-11 by IPL.

PSC for Baola field was transferred to SunPetro on 10th

Jun, 2016 by Ministry of Petroleum

and Natural Gas (MoPNG), Government of India. Mining Lease for Baola Field was

transferred and re-granted to SunPetro from Interlink Petroleum Limited (IPL) on 13th

Feb,

2017 by State Government.

Exploration carried out in past by Oil & natural Gas Corporation Ltd (ONGC) has led to a

discovery of gas with heavy oil in the well Baola#1 drilled in year 1970-71. Subsequently,

five appraisal wells drilled by the ONGC, could not confirm the envisaged extent of the field.

Only one out of six appraisal wells (Baola#5) resulted in hydrocarbon bearing.

The Baola Field is located in Ahmedabad district of Gujarat; 36 km SW of Ahmedabad city

and 20 km SW of Nawagam Field of ONGC. The block is spread over an area of 4 sq. km. on

the western rising flank of Ahmedabad – Mehsana tectonic block of Cambay Basin. Nearest

village Salajada is located on outer periphery of the block with most part of the village

outside the block.

Currently 3 wells are already present in the Mining Lease area – B#1, B#5, and B#8; Baola #

8 well in the field is currently producing the crude oil and is in testing phase. SunPetro

intends to drill new wells in the field near the existing three wells. The estimated cost of the

proposed project is INR 32 million per well.

S. No. Parameter Description

1. Area Baola Field has a total Mining Lease of 4 Sq. KM

2. Location Baola Field is located in the Ahmedabad District of Gujarat,




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3. Existing Capacity Baola Field has 3 wells currently. After new wells total

capacity of 200 bbls/day is envisaged.

4. Need of the Project

The Proposed new wells in the Baola Field would increase

the Crude Oil & Gas production of the region and create

new opportunity for the locals.

5. Power Supply &

Source

DG sets of about 1250 KVA x 2 nos. will be provided for

drilling whereas electricity from State electricity board will

be the source for Group Well Head Installation.

6. Site Connectivity

Baola Field is well connected by Roads; Nearest railway

station is Baola Station and is approx. 8 kms away.

Nearest airport is in Ahmedabad city and is approx. 50 kms

away.

7. Existing

Infrastructure

SunPetro has one GGS and one Group Well Head

Installation in the field

8. Alternative Site

No alternate site is considered as all operations are to be

carried out in the Baola Field area only. However, we have

some flexibility to shift wells locations to few meters

9. Raw material

required

Drilling related material like HSD, Steel (in the form of

casings) tubing and Chemicals like Baryte, Oil well cement

and Bentonite would be required

10. Land Form, Land use

and land ownership

Most of the land for the existing wells is Government land

and also on lease basis. The land associated with producing

wells is being acquired on Lease rental basis from the

farmers. The land for the new wells may be acquired on

lease basis.

11. Cost of the Project One well may cost about USD 0.5 million

12. Conclusion

SunPetro proposes to carry out drilling of 6 wells in future.

Besides drilling of wells, Construction of Group Well Head

Installation and facilities near to the new wells may also be

planned,

The monetization of Baola Field not only would result in

improved energy scenario for the country but will also




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generate opportunities for the local people and would help

in the economic up-liftment of the region.

The company will adopt all the measures through its

Environment Management Plan and Disaster Management

Plans to prevent harm and damage to environment (if any)

due to production/drilling activities in the Baola Field.

All the Proposed facilities of drilling wells like fire fighting, electrical system, Pump house,

Pipeline etc. would comply with national, international standards and M.B. Lal committee

recommendations.

The facilities required for operation of the project, viz., with associated facilities have been

planned to be steel structure. Other facilities like RCC civil structure have been planned to

accommodate control panels, HT/LT panels, Batteries etc. All the safety factors like wind

load, seismic load, soil bearing capacity etc have been taken into account while designing the

civil structures.

This document is prepared by Mantec Consultants Pvt. Ltd. for Risk Assessment (RA) study

for Drilling of Exploratory & Development Wells (6 Nos.) in Baola Field and to identify the

key hazards and risks. By conducting this type of RA it should be emphasized that the focus

is on the major, worst-case, hazards and impacts from surrounding area of these units,

essentially in order to priorities the off-site risks and potential impacts to the public.

Project Description

The Project involves the monetization of Baola Field through Crude Oil and Gas production.

The various activities of the project are:

Drilling of new wells in future

Construction of Group Well Head Installation

Flow diagram displaying the steps involved from drilling of wells to putting the wells on

production is as below:




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Drilling Plan for Baola Field

Drilling and well Completion

In Baola field the Drilling TD is about 1000-1100 mtrs. The well construction will be done

with two Casing policies and for this drilling rig of 150 ton or 750 hp will be deployed.

Drilling rig package include Rig, capable to drill up to a depth of 2000 mtrs, carrier mounted

from drilling contractor. In addition, other services such as Mud services, logging, cementing,

site construction etc will be used.

Well Drilling Strategy

It is proposed to drill development wells for the two fields operated by SunPetro in same

campaign so as to save on Mob-demob charges. This will also help in optimising expenditure

on materials consumed. The surface hole will be spud with open cellar to drill up to 50 mtrs.

The main Drilling challenge is to avoid loss and mud channeling on surface. After drilling of

top 50 mtr, further drilling will be with control rate ROP. Surface hole will be drilled with

bentonite mud and the lower 8 ½” section will be drilled with KCL POLYMER mud. While




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drilling shale formation, shale inhabitations chemicals will be used and to avoid differential

stuck of pipe, proper lubrication will be added in Mud system. Further mud improvement

through monitoring will be carried out so that it will not damage the reservoir.

Well Design and Well Completion (Production, injection, etc.)

The wells will be drilled as vertical wells designed for two casing policy, for the wells drilled

for true vertical depth of 1100 mtr. The well design consist of two casing

1. The surface casing - 9 5/8” BTC L-80, 43.5 ppf setting depth approx. 400-500 mtr and

2. The Production casing - 5 ½” L-80,17ppf, Setting depth 1100 m.

The planned Casing metallurgy is as follows:

A. 9 5/8” Surface casing : 43.5 ppf, L-80 grade.

7. Wall thickness : 11 mm

8. ID : 222.4 mm




12. Torque : Torque up to Diamond mark on Csg.

B. 5 ½” Production Casing 17 ppf, L-80 Grade

13. Wall thickness : 7.7 mm

14. ID : 124.3 mm




18. Torque : Torque upto Diamond mark on Csg

The completion string is planned of 2 7/8” EUE tubing. The Well heads consist the 11”x 5M,

FLG top, 9 5/8” bottom with 5 ½” slip on weld with 2” LP. Thread on side outlets for Surface

casing. Surface casing setting depth is planned at approx. 400-500 mts. The planned Tubing

head spool consists of 11”x5M- 7 1/16”x5M with 2 1/16” side outlet v/v.




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Cementing of 9 5/8” casing is planned as single stage cementing, with shoe track of about 20

mtr. Cementing of 5 ½” casing is also planned as single stage cementing, with shoe track of

about 20 mtr. Cement weight will be between 1.35-1.65 Sg. Disposal of drill cutting will

done as per standard Oil industry HSE policy.

The wells in Baola field are planned as vertical wells. The vertical stand-off for casing setting

is as per technical specifications. A typical well schematic is shown in figure below.

7.1.1 Consequence Analysis

Consequence analysis involves the application of the mathematical, analytical and computer

models (PHAST software) for calculation of the effects and damages subsequent to a

hydrocarbon/toxic release accident.

Process Hazard Analysis Software Tool (PHAST) Software is used to predict the physical

behavior of hazardous incidents. The model uses below mentioned techniques to assess the

consequences of identified scenarios:

Modeling of discharge rates when holes develop in process equipment/pipe work.

Modeling of the size & shape of the flammable gas clouds from releases in the

atmosphere.

Modeling of the flame and radiation field of the releases that are ignited and burn as

pool fire, jet fire, Overpressure (Blast Force) and flash fire.




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Modeling of the explosion fields of releases which are ignited away from the point of

release.

7.1.2 Hazards Associated with exploratory drilling

The details of major hazards that are associated with exploratory drilling are

A. Fire and Explosions

Hydrocarbon leak due to loss of containment;

Non process hydrocarbon leaks (diesel, fuel oil, etc);

Non-Process Fires;

Storage Fires; and

Control systems failure including electrical failure in control room.

B. Impact and Collisions

Road traffic accidents; and

Objects dropped near wellhead facilities.

C. Loss of Station-keeping/Loss of Stability

Structural failure; and

Equipment failure.

D. External Hazards

Failure due to extreme weather, strong vibrations, strong winds, dust storms, earthquakes and

sabotage. The effect of extreme environmental conditions, such as severe weather or

earthquake is considered as part of the structural failure considerations.

The detailed description of the frequency, event analysis and consequence analysis of each

hazard is discussed in following sections:

7.1.3 Blowouts during Drilling / Testing Operations

7.1.3.1 Causes of Drilling Blowouts

Well control can be lost because of:

Formation fluid entry into the well bore;

Loss of containment due to mal-operation (e.g. during wire lining); and




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Wellhead damage (e.g. by fires, storms, dropped objects, etc).

7.1.3.2 Causes of Production Blowouts

Blowouts during production are commonly caused by well interventions such as workovers,

wire lining, snubbing, and coiled tubing operations, although the well equipment in normal

operation initiates some production blowouts.

7.1.3.3 Blowouts due to External Causes

Possible external causes of blowouts include:

Escalation from process fire

Structural collapse

Military or pirate attacks

These should not be included in the analysis of blowouts if they are separately modelled

under the other hazard categories. However, for simple studies that do not model such

escalations in full, it is appropriate to include them as blowouts.

7.1.3.4 Blowout Frequencies

Data Selection

Blowout frequency estimates are obtained from a combination of incident experience and

associated exposure in a given area over a given time period. Ideally, a blowout frequency

should be estimated from recent experience in the country's operations context and on the

type of installation for which the risks are to be predicted. In practice, there have been so few

blowouts that a large geographical area and a long time period are required to obtain

statistically reliable frequencies.

Severity of Events

The severity of the events included in the analysis has an influence on the resulting

frequency. It is desirable to distinguish between full blowouts and more minor well control

incidents, but the distinction is not always clear. Full blowouts are of the greatest concern, but

may be too infrequent to give reliable frequencies. Well control incidents are more frequent,

but are less well reported.

Measures of Exposure

The measure of exposure determines the units of the resulting frequency. Which measure of

exposure is appropriate depends on the requirements of the study. Blowout frequencies may

be expressed in various forms:




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Blowout frequencies per installation year are useful for simple studies, where it is not

necessary to take the number and type of wells into account, or the level of drilling activity

on the platform. This measure is useful for drilling rigs, where drilling activities are in

progress for most of the time;

Blowout frequencies per well drilled are relevant to blowouts during drilling and

completion. This measure is useful for integrated installation where the amount of drilling

varies through the installation‟s life;

Blowout frequencies per well year are relevant for blowouts during normal production;

Blowout frequencies per well operation are relevant to blowouts during workover and

wire lining. This measure is useful when it is necessary to take into account the level of

workover and wire lining activity. Alternatively, the frequency may be included in the

production blowout frequency per well year, using an average rate of workovers or wire

lining per well year.

All these approaches are to be used where appropriate. The annual blowout frequency for the

installation is obtained by multiplying the blowout frequencies per operation or per well year

by the number of wells drilled, completed, in operation or being worked over each year. For a

drill rig, this is a constant at a given level of activity. For a production installation, the

blowout frequency is usually highest during the drilling years early in its life.

7.1.3.5 Risk Criteria

Individual risks are the key measure of risk acceptability for this type of study, where it is

proposed that:

Risks to the public can be considered to be broadly acceptable (or negligible) if below 10-6

per year (one in 1 million per year). Although risks of up to 10-4

per year (1 in 10,000 per

year) may be considered acceptable if shown to be As Low As Reasonably Practicable

(ALARP), since in India no any standard has been set, it is recommended that 10-5

per year

(1 in 100,000 per year) is adopted for this study as the maximum tolerable criterion.




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Risks to workers can be considered to be broadly acceptable (or negligible) if below 10-5

per

year and where risks of below 10-3

per year (1 in 1000 per year) may be considered

acceptable if in ALARP.

7.1.3.6 Location specific individual risk (LSIR)

The Location specific individual risk (LSIR) is risk to a person who is standing at that point

365 days a year and 24 hours a day.

7.1.3.7 Individual risk to worker (ISIR)

The personnel in respective terminals are expected to work 8 hour shift as well as general

shift. The actual risk to a person i.e. “Individual Specific Individual Risk (ISIR)” would be

far less after accounting for the time fraction a person is expected to spend at a location.

ISIR Area = LSIR X (8/24) (8 hours shift) X (Time spent by and individual/8 hours)

ALARP summary & comparison of Individual risk with acceptability criteria.

The objective of this RA study is to assess the risk levels of the project with reference to the

defined risk acceptability criteria and recommend measures to reduce the risk level to As

Low As Reasonably Practicable (ALARP).

The comparison of maximum individual risk with the risk acceptability criteria is shown in

Figure below:

7.1.3.8 Societal risk

It is the risk experience in a given time period by the whole group of personnel exposed,

reflecting the severity of the hazard and the number of people in proximity to it. It is defined

as the relationship between the frequency and the number of people suffering a given level of




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harm (normally taken to refer to risk of death) from the realization of the specified hazards. It

is expressed in the form of F-N curve.

7.1.3.8.1 Societal risk acceptability criteria

A formal risk criterion is used at all for societal risk; the criterion most commonly used is the

F-N curve. Like other forms of risk criterion, the F-N curve may be cast in the form of a

single criterion curve or of two criterion curves dividing the space in to three regions – where

the risk is unacceptable, where it is negligible and where it requires further assessment. The

latter approach corresponds to application to societal risk of the ALARP principle. Risk

criteria for the Netherlands have been considered for the present study. F-N curve of the

station is represented in Figure below-

Societal risk criteria are also proposed, although these should be used as guidance only. A

criterion of 10-4 per year is recommended for determining design accidental loads for on-

site buildings, i.e. buildings should be designed against the fire and explosion loads that

occur with a frequency of 1 in 10,000 people per years.

7.1.4 Top risk contributors (Group Risk)

The present major contributing scenarios to societal risk from station/terminal are within the

ALARP region.




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7.1.5 Conclusions and Recommendations

Although the results of this Risk analysis show that the risks to the public are within the

ALARP region, they will be sensitive to the specific design and/or modeling assumptions

used.

The major conclusions and recommendations based on the risk analysis of the identified

representative failure scenarios are summarized below:

The drilling points & borehole are to be covered as per the prevailing practice of safety

management system of Oil Industries.

It is necessary to provide extensive fire detection system as per OISD guidelines.

Operators should be well trained about the fire and gas detection system.

It is recommended to have necessary provision for emergency stop of critical equipments

from control room (during commissioning) in the event of major leak/flash fire.

The vehicles entering the station should be fitted with spark arrestors.

Routine checks to be done to ensure and prevent the presence of ignition sources in the

immediate vicinity of the flammable material (near boundaries).

Clearly defined escape routes shall be developed for each individual plots and section of

the project area taking into account the impairment of escape by hazardous releases and

sign boards be erected in places to guide personnel in case of an emergency.

Windsocks shall be considered at the site to ensure visibility from all directions. This will

assist people to escape in upwind or cross wind direction from flammable releases.

In order to further reduce the probability of failure of catastrophic rupture and

equipments, critical equipments shall be identified and inspection methodologies to be

finalized for continuous monitoring during operation and shutdown maintenance.

The active protection devices like fire water hydrant, water monitor and other protective

devices shall be tested at regular intervals.

There should be an SOP established for clarity of actions to be taken in case (during drilling

and production) of fire/leak emergency




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7.1.6 General Recommendations

1. Ensure that combustible flammable material is not placed near the Critical instrument at

the site. These could include oil filled cloth, wooden supports, oil buckets etc. these must

be put away and the areas kept permanently clean and free from any combustibles.

Secondary fires probability would be greatly reduced because of these simple but

effective measures.

2. Hydrocarbon detectors should be provided at every drilling point.

3. Proper lighting arrangements and CCTV should be provided at drilling points for new

facilities inside the drilling site.

7.2 Oil Spill Emergency Plan

Scenario: Oil spill:

An oil spill is defined as an undesired / unplanned release of oil into land or water.

Probable Cause:

Overflow from storage Tank due to operational mistake

Oil Overflow from slop tank due to torrential rain

Oil Tanker Toppling in the site

Oil leakage from Stuffing Box gland ( Artificial Lift Pump)

An initial assessment of the situation required to be carried out in liaison with the OSC/ ERT

coordinator. Assessment and control measures shall only be carried out after taking the

required precaution.

The assessment shall include the following:

Identification of possible ignition sources that could lead to fire.

Identification of the source of the oil spill & action to stop it

Approximate volume of the oil spill.

Isolating the incident area

Communication

OSC shall communicate to ERT Leader, Fire Station if required, Manager-HSE

ERT coordinator & ERT Members.

Personnel should be made aware that there is a Hazardous situation.




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Possible dangers may include Fire & Land contamination etc.

Every precaution should be taken to avoid injury to personnel whilst making

area safe.

If it is safe and feasible, effort should be concentrated on means of isolation

of the source, basic containment of the oil spill and removal of ignition

sources.

Necessary control measures such as demarcation of No Smoking/ ignition

source area shall be enforced.

Resource required to lift the spill oil

Spread of Saw dust remove contaminated Oil

Flushing with Hot water/Cold water to remove soaked oil from soil.

Finally removed oil shall be collected from Oil Pit.

Stand down criteria

ERT Leader will end the emergency when:

The oil spill has been removed and the site is restored.

There is no immediate possibility of further oil spillage.

Table 7.1: Oil Spill Emergency Response Procedure PROCEDURE

Event: OIL SPILL

Probable Cause of Event & Point of Occurrence:

Oil spill from storage tank due to operational mistake, Oil spill from Artificial Lift Pump

Polish rod,

CONTROL MEASURE [TO PREVENT FURTHER ACCELEARATION OF

EVENT]

No Key Personnel Activities to be Performed

1 1

St Person Shout: HELP - - - HELP - - - HELP

2 OSC

[Shift I/C]

Shall rush the incident spot along with ERT Co-

coordinator.

Access the situation

Running Equipment shall be kept on safe

Operating Mode




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Action plan for the Emergency

Communication: Requirement for Fire Tender (if

required), ERT Leader, Mg.-HSE

Log keeping

3 ERT Coordinator

[Operator]

Action plan to be explained to ERT members..

Running Equipment to be secured to safe

Operating mode.

Power Cutoff if required.

Source of Combustible material to be cutoff.

Ignition Source to be cutoff to prevent occurrence

of Fire.

4

ERT Members

[Technician, Helper,

Security personnel, --]

Affect Oil spill area to be secure to prevent further

spread of Oil spill.

Collection of Oil manually & to be stored in

Barrel if possible.

Spread of Saw dust for soaking Oil & collection of

Oil soaked saw dust for further disposal.

Effected area to be cleared for safe movement for

Fire Tender for water spraying if required.

Splashing of Water or spraying of water gently to

remove Oil from affected area.

Effluent water to be allowed to Oil pit for

separation & collection of free Oil.

RECOVERY MEASURE [ TO START OPERATIONIN IN A SAFE MANNER AT THE

EARLIEST]

5

ERT LEADER & Mg. HSE Shall Visit the site & Preliminary Enquiry.

Assess the situation for Unit restart & clearance

to startup if it is Safe.

6 OSC Systematic Checkup before Unit Startup.

Clearance for Unit Startup.




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7 ERT Coordinator& ERT

Members

Effected area to be clear for Safe Operation.

Unit Startup& Parameter Monitoring

RESOURCES AVAILABLE AT SITE

CO2 Cylinder: 02 Nos. for Electrical Fire only.

DCP Trolley: 02 NoS. for A,B,C type Fire

EXTERNAL SUPPORT REQUIRED [ If any]

FIRE Tender

7.3 Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR)

Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) is a Strategic Business Management concept through

which a company integrates social & environmental concerns in their business operations and

can achieve a balance of economic, environmental & social imperatives. Furthermore, at the

same time attends to the expectations of shareholders & stakeholders. Through it the

company can make valuable contribution to poverty reduction. The CSR refers to

responsibility of a company to ensure positive impact on environment, consumers,

employees, communities, stakeholders and all other members of public sphere. In India, it is

comparatively a new but rising concept and the companies are going through the learning

curve. The CSR activities are increasingly being taken up by the project proponents not only

as fulfilling of mandatory provisions but also for formation and enhancement of brand image.

Besides all, CSR is seen more as a responsibility towards society rather than a business

philosophy. It is the need of the time for expansion of occupational welfare. Keeping in mind

these codes of belief, we have identified some activities which may propose to undertake for

the benefits of the people living in the study area. This will not only improve the socio-

economic status of the people but also enhance the reputation of the project proponent among

the community. The following activities are proposed to be taken up for the benefits of the

local community:

1) Providing employment opportunities.

2) Vocational training for skill development to the local youth.

3) Educational scholarships and study materials to the meritorious students

belonging to BPL.

4) Providing drinking water facilities to nearby schools.

5) Providing medical assistance/medicines to the local people.




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7.3.1 Conclusion

The proposed project activities would contribute to the local economy by providing direct or

indirect employment opportunities, monies to local contractors, and recycled revenues

through the local economy. Additional revenues would be generated in the form of royalty

payments to mineral rights owners and taxes collected by the national and the state

governments. Indirect impacts could occur as a result of the new economic development

(e.g., new jobs at businesses that support the expanded workforce or that provide project

materials). Development of an oil or gas field also could potentially affect property values,

either positively from increased employment effects or negatively from proximity to the oil

or gas field and any associated or perceived adverse environmental effects (noise of

compressor stations, visual effects, air quality, etc.). The proposed project will meet the

immense demand of oil & gas products in the states and across the nation. Also, it will

augment the transportation of these products in friendly manner and cost effectively. Hence,

the opportunity for further industry development will increase towards the similar kind of

projects to support production of oil & gas products into the state and across the nation. It

will not only bring income to the states and nation‟s exchequer but also increase the supply of

the oil & gas products. With the implementation of the project, the occupational pattern of the

people in the area may change making more people engaged in industrial & business

activities due to which in coming time local people may get opportunity to enhance their

social & economic status.

Since, no human settlements are to be affected by the project and hence, no Rehabilitation &

Resettlement Plan is required in this project. Aside, the study area has great scope for further

development or improvement in education and health sectors in addition to provide better

education & health facilities for achieving finest quality or standard of life to the people

residing in the area. Based on the observation, the institutions for basic health facilities as

Primary Health Centre (PHC), Primary Health Sub-Centre, Maternity & Child Welfare

Centre, Community Health Centre, Dispensaries etc. can be increased & enhanced in context

to provide better health facilities in the area.

7.4 Public Hearing As per the Ministry of Environment, Forest& Climate Change, Government of India, New

Delhi vide its Notification No. S.O. 1533 (E) dated 14th

September, 2006 and its subsequent

amendment S.O. 3067 (E) dated 1st December, 2009. Public Hearing was fixed for M/s. Sun




Page 133

Petrochemicals Pvt. Ltd., for Proposed Exploration and Development of Drilling wells in the

existing PML area (PML 4 Sq.Km.) of Baola Field, at Grain Merchant Association Hall, Near

APMC Gate, Tal: Bavla, Dist: Ahmedabad, State:Gujarat, which is covered under Category-

A of Schedule 1(b).

The Public Hearing was scheduled on 11/07/2018 at 11:30hrs at Grain Mechant Association

Hall, Near APMC Gate, Tal: Bavla, Dist: Ahmedabad, Gujarat.

An advertisement was published in Gujarati in “DivyaBhaskr” Ahmedabad–botad edition and

in English “DNA” (Daily News & Analysis) Ahmedabad edition dated 10/06 /2018.

Shri R. V. Sarvaiya, GAS, Additional Collector & Additional District Magistrate,

Ahmedabad as a representative of District Collector and District Magistrate. Ahmedabad has

presided over the entire Public Hearing process.

Photographs of the Public Hearing are given from Plate 1 to Plate 4. Proceedings of the

public hearing are enclosed as Annexure-U.




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Plate-1 Public Hearing Photographs




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Plate 2- Public Hearing Photographs




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Plate 3: Public Hearing Photographs




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Plate 4: Public Hearing Photographs




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CHAPTER-8 : Project Benefits

With the additional wells at Baola Field, present crude oil and gas production is

expected to increase which would contribute in the development of the country and also the

local area.

The increased production would generate additional revenue for the State Government as

well as for the Central Government by way of payments on account of Royalty, CESS, and

taxation. This will also assist in the economic development of this less developed area

in Gujarat by means of generating direct and indirect employment opportunities for the

local people of the region.

8.1 Demand-Supply Gap

The proposed wells will definitely play part in reducing the gap between the

demandand supply of Crude Oil and Gas in the country, which will help in reducing the

import burden of the country. It will open the ventures for city gas in the remote areas.

8.2 Imports vs. Indigenous production

India‟s impetus is on to increase the indigenous production of oil and gas so as to meet the

growing demand of the country. We are presently importing around 75%-80% of our

crude oil requirement, which results in hefty import bills. Increase in domestic

production of gas will surely help in securing our energy demand and also, it would save on

the huge import bills.

8.3 Export Possibility

India is an energy deficit country, as such all indigenous oil and gas production is

consumed domestically. The proposed project would not have any export.

8.4 Domestic/ Export Markets

Crude Oil produced from the Baola Field will be sold to the Indian Oil Corporation or to

private parties. Natural Gas from the field will be sold in the open market in nearby

areas.

8.5 Employment Generation

Proposed activities shall assist in the economic development of this less developed areaof

Gujarat and will help in generating direct and indirect employment opportunities forthe local




Page 139

people in the field of transport sector, oil field services, civil construction, skilled and

non-skilled employment etc.




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CHAPTER-9 : Environmental Management Plan

9.1 General

The environmental management plan consists of a set of mitigation, management, monitoring

and institutional measures to be taken during implementation and operation of the project, to

eliminate adverse environmental impacts or reduce them to acceptable levels. The present

environmental management plan addresses, the components of environment, which are likely

to be affected by the different operations in a dredging activity.

The Objectives of EMP are:

Overall conservation of environment.

Minimization of waste generation and pollution.

Judicious use of natural resources and water.

Safety, welfare and good health of the work force and populace.

Ensure effective operation of all control measures.

Vigilance against probable disasters and accidents.

Monitoring of cumulative and long term impacts.

Ensure effective operation of all control measures.

9.1.1 HSE Policy of Block Operator

The use of fossil fuel will depend not only on technical, economic, and political decisions but

increasingly on environmental considerations and its impact.

Block Operator will continue to conduct its activities in a professional and responsible

manner. The company, not only will comply with the laid down legislation requirements

but when found inadequate will promote creative measures and internal standards for the

protection of health, safety & the environment of the highest order for all who may

directly or indirectly be affected by any of the activities.

Personal safety and employee health is our greatest responsibility, followed by the

protection of the environment and company property.

The company will continue to take a proactive approach toward creating safe work

environments for all employees and will be accountable for promoting continued safety

education and training for all employees, assigning responsibility for all aspects of the




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program, continuously reviewing the program to identify potential areas of improvement,

and ensuring a thorough evaluation of all incidents.

The company will continue to address the environmental and health impact of our

operations by reducing waste, emissions, and discharges and by using energy efficiently.

The company will maintain awareness of HSE matters, so as to be proactive in providing a

value-added service to the clients. This awareness is achieved through education,

communication and definition of the goals and standards appropriate to operation and

those undertaken on the client‟s behalf.

9.1.2 Organizational Structure and Responsibilities

This section provides an organizational structure for environmental management during

the proposed drilling project and defines the roles and responsibilities of the various role

players for the duration of the project.

9.1.2.1 Management Approach

The organizational roles and responsibilities are summarized below:

Block Operator: The overall responsibility for compliance with the environmental

management plan rests with the project proponents.

Contractors: The contractors (civil, drilling, and other) will carry out field activities as

part of the exploratory drilling project. The contractors will be subject to certain liabilities

under the environmental laws of the country, and under their contract with block operator.

Independent Monitors (IMs): Block Operator might utilize the option of hiring

independent monitors (IMs) to monitor the environmental performance of the contractors

and the environmental impact of project activities.

A certain degree of redundancy is inevitable across all management levels, but this is in

order to ensure that compliance with the environmental management plan is crosschecked.

Other essential features of the EMP are:

Block Operator will appoint a Field based HSE Coordinator to oversee HSE

compliance throughout the duration of the drilling program.

Block Operator will ensure that all contracts it executes with sub-contractors

comply with positive environmental sensibilities and requirements given in the

environmental management plan.




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Block Operator will cooperate with regulatory agencies (such as the State

Pollution Control Board) and other stakeholders who may want to send their

own teams in to monitor the activities during the drilling program.

9.1.3 Organizational Responsibilities

The salient features of the organisational responsibilities are described below:

9.1.3.1 Primary Responsibilities:

The primary responsibilities for the environmental performance of the project

proponents, the contractors, and the contractors for environmental monitoring will

be assumed by their respective highest-ranking officers in the country during the

project.

Block Operator‟s Chief - QHSE will be responsible for the company‟s compliance

with the EIA and EMP throughout the project.

The contractor will assume the main responsibility for all environmental matters

pertaining to their work.

Block Operator will coordinate with relevant government departments and other

stakeholders through its Environmental advisor.

9.1.3.2 Field Management and Quality Control

Conducting drilling activities in an environmentally sound manner will be the

responsibility of the drilling contractor/company.

Block Operator‟s Company Man (Drilling) will be responsible for the overall

environmental soundness of all field operations.

9.1.3.3 On-the-job Supervision and Monitoring

Block Operator has a Chief - QHSE, who is responsible for ensuring compliance

with the EMP during the drilling operation. He is also responsible for

communicating with and training the drilling crews in all aspects of the EMP.

Block Operator has an HSE Coordinator who will be responsible for all

environmental issues and for the implementation of the environmental management

plan in the field.




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If any monitoring teams from government departments or from NGOs visit the

field during the drilling operation, block operator‟s HSE Coordinator and the Chief

will be responsible for coordinating their visits.

9.2 Mitigation Plan

The mitigation plan is a key component of the EMP. It lists all the potential effects of the

project and their associated mitigation measures identified in the EIA. For each

Impact/Hazard, the following information is presented in the plan:

A comprehensive listing of mitigation measures

Actions required

The person(s) responsible for ensuring the full implementation of the action

A time parameter for the implementation of the action to ensure that the

objectives of mitigation are fully met.

The mitigation plan for the activities proposed for the exploratory drillings in the Baola

block is presented in Table 9.1 (prior to drilling phase) and Table 9.2 (during drilling

phase).

Table 9.1: Environnemental Management Plan - Mitigation Management Matrix

(Prior to Drilling Phase)

ROUTINE OPERATIONS

Hazard &

Effect(s)

Proposed Mitigation Required Actions Responsible Completion

Land

Acquisition

Obtain

necessary

approvals from

State Pollution

Control Board

for

construction &

operations.

Ensure that all

necessary protocols

are followed and

legal requirements

implemented.

Ensure that

appropriate legal

requirements have

been met with regard

to land occupancy,

land ownership or

usage rights, notice

Block Operator to

initiate interaction

with the concerned

officials in the

Pollution Control

Board, prior to release

of actual location to

identify necessary

permits and the

approval mechanism.

Apply for approval

for Land acquisition

with proper maps and

prescribed fees

Chief-

QHSE

- Do -

Pre-

deployment of

topographic

survey team.

After site

survey, prior

to

construction.




Page 144

and compensation,

etc.

Establish and clearly

document all land

agreements with

owners, users and

state authorities &

mark out site

boundaries.

Acquiring necessary

approvals from State

Pollution control

Board in a timely

manner

Preliminary site

survey to be carried

out by block

operator‟s civil works

consultants to mark

the road & site

requirement on

ground

Block Operator‟s

Drilling & Permit

team to meet the local

Pollution Control

authorities to apprise

them of the plan and

to identify and apply

for necessary

permissions prior to

construction phase

and prior to drilling

phase.

- Do -

- Do -

- Do -

Common

application

covering

“Consent to

establish” &

“Consent to

Operate“

Soil Erosion Minimize the extent

of site clearance

area, by choosing

best layout with

respect to existing

topography.

Minimize removal of

trees at site

Collect topsoil

during road

development/

construction, site

preparation, etc. and

stockpile the same at

edge of site to be

used to the extent

possible for site

restoration later.

Detailed contour

maps of the site to be

prepared with big

trees marked on it to

work out the best

layout to minimize

cut & fill & avoid

cutting of trees.

To see that

arrangement is in

place for collection.

Plan to minimize tree

cutting prior to site

construction and

ensure

implementation on

ground during site

construction phase

Asst.

Manager

Civil

Contractor

Asst.

Manager

Prior to site

preparation and

other

construction

activities-

- Do -

To be

continued till

demobilization.




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Table 9.2: Environmental Management Plan - Mitigation Management

Matrix (during Drilling Phase)

ROUTINE OPERATIONS

Hazard &

Effect(s)

Proposed Mitigation Required Actions Responsibl

e

Completion

Waste and

Effluent

Management

Poor planning and

execution might

pose a threat to

environment.

Contamination of

rain/storm water

run off with rig

wash water &

waste mud

Block Operator to

identify different

type of waste

anticipated during

operations, work out

estimated quantities,

lay down procedures

for collection,

handling, treatment

and disposal of each

type of waste.

Waste Management

Plan to be

implemented during

operations.

Detailed drainage

design will be

developed as a part

of the site design. It

will be ensured that

mud and associated

drainage system is

isolated from the

rain/storm water

drainage system.

Finalizing

Waste

Management

Plan (draft plan

given in EMP

report )

Waste

management plan

to be

implemented

during drilling

and be made

available for

inspection at site

to all regulatory

bodies.

Block Operator

to work with

Civil works

consultants

/contractors to

develop detailed

drainage system

addressing

concerns outlined

here.

Chief

QHSE in

association

with

Drilling

Team

Chief –

QHSE/Drill

ing

Manager

Drilling

Team

Drilling

Prior to

drilling

Implementati

on - During

all

operations at

site and

during

demobilizati

on

Site Design

phase

- Do -




Page 146

Pits must have

adequate capacity to

prevent flooding

during high rains

(maintain free board)

and should be fully

bounded.

Block Operator

to work out

required pit

volumes based on

maximum case

scenario

including

rainwater.

Team

Wastewater &

cuttings may

contain trace

amounts of drill

fluid and residual

chemicals.

Management of

Produced Water

All wastewater,

which will be

generated from

washings & spent

mud will be

contained in HDPE

lined (1 mm thick)

pits. The wastewater

will be treated

through flocculation

and dilution to

achieve SPCB

compliance for

discharged into a

nearby

nullah/stream.

Cuttings will be

dried to maximum

extent possible using

suitable equipment

and will be contained

in separate pits.

The water generated

Site design will

include

adequately sized

pits to contain

wastewater &

also treated water

prior to

discharge. Block

Operator will hire

a flocculation

unit either from a

local contractor

or an

international

service company.

Block Operator

will hire Hi –G

drier system to

treat the cuttings

coming from the

shakers to

achieve fairly dry

cuttings.

This water will be

Drilling

Team

Drilling

Team

Drilling

Site Design /

Contractor

procurement.

Planning &

Procurement

phase prior

to drilling

Contractor

Procurement

/

drilling

operations.

Prior to




Page 147

Fuels, Lubricants

and Chemicals

Management pose

threat of major,

moderate & minor

spills

during drilling

operation is likely to

have very high

turbidity and salt

contents.

Prepare a

comprehensive Oil

Spill Contingency

Plan (OSCP) to

handle all major,

moderate & minor

spills.

Keeping all fuels,

lubricants and

chemicals in well-

designed storage

facility with regular

inventory checking.

Ensure that OSCP is

implemented during

operations.

treated by

coagulation &

flocculation and

the treated water

after conforming

to MOEF

standards will be

discharged to

nearby nullah.

Finalizing the

Oil Spill

Contingency Plan

(OSCP)

Checklist of all

drums and

containers

located within

footprint of the

storage area

Live risk

assessment

trainings and

awareness raising

among all

workers

associated with

mock exercises.

Team and

Chief –

QHSE

Chief -

QHSE in

association

with the

Drilling

Team

Rig‟s

maintenanc

e staff

Chief -

QHSE and

Environme

ntal

Advisor

commencem

ent of

drilling

operations

Through out

the

operations.

Pre-Drilling

Inductions

and during

the

operations

Contamination by

way of

oil/lubricant spills

and leaching

Used and unused

chemicals will be

stored in a lined &

bunded area.

The lined &

bunded area for

the diesel tank

will have extra

space to contain

used and un used

lubricants in

Drilling

Team.

Site design

phase




Page 148

Executing delivery

of fuel to drilling site

under strict

supervision and

carrying out

refueling operations

in an area with

impervious flooring

and surface drainage

with oil interceptor.

Use of suitable

delivery trucks

Impervious liners in

place for fuel,

lubricants storage

area. Fuel/lubricant

containment &

generator area to

have drains with oil

entrapment

provision.

Effective bunds

capable of containing

110% of the volume

of the largest

container within and

enclosing all

potentially

contaminating

materials. To be used

drums.

Keeping an

inventory of all

fueling and

refueling

operations.

Check all

delivery trucks

for suitability &

ensure that they

meet safety

requirements

Impervious liners

to be installed in

the fuel &

lubricant storage

area.

Fuel/lubricant

storage area &

generator area to

have drains with

oil entrapment

mechanism.

Site design to

incorporate bund

requirement for

the fuel/lubricant

storage area.

Constructio

n contractor

during

constructio

n phase &

Rig‟s

maintenanc

e staff

during

drilling

phase.

HSE

coordinator

Drilling

Team

- Do -.

Site design

& through

out the

operations.

- Do -

Site design

phase.

- Do -




Page 149

for fuel/lubricants

storage area.

Major Spills:

Spills which are

more than 200

liters and will

require initiation

of Emergency

Response

Procedures.

Non-contaminated

and contaminated

runoff will be kept

separate. Non-

contaminated runoff

will be routed to off-

site area. Potentially

contaminated runoff

will be treated.

Oil drip pans will be

used wherever there

is significant

potential for leakage.

All spills/leaks to be

contained reported

and cleaned up

immediately.

Minor Spills: Minor

spills/leakages

defined as leaks from

vehicles, machinery,

equipment or storage

containers such that

the area and depth of

soil contaminated is

less than 1 sq ft and

3 inches respectively

Moderate Spills:

These are defined as

spills of volume less

than or equal to 200

liters.

Ensure separate

runoff routes

during site

design.

Drip pans will be

used.

Oil Spill

Contingency Plan

to be in place and

implemented.

Soil

contaminated will

be scraped and

proper disposal.

Such spills will

be contained

and controlled

using shovels,

sands and native

soil. These

equipment and

- Do -

HSE

Coordinator

HSE

Coordinator

HSE

Coordinator

HSE

Coordinator

- Do -

Throughout

the drilling

operations.

- Do -

- Do -

Through out

the drilling

Operations




Page 150

materials will be

made available

at camp sites

and well site

during the

operation. The

contaminated

soil will be

excavated and

stored in a

bunded area

lined with an

impermeable

base. The

contaminated

soil will be

disposed off as

per norms.

These spills will

be handled and

controlled with

special care and

will require

special treatment

such as

bioremediation.

Noise and

Vibration

Checklist of all

machineries with

record of date of

procurement,

installation and age.

Regular maintenance

of all equipments.

Implement good

working practices to

Inventory of all

machineries to be

prepared and

submitted to

block operator

for review.

Maintenance Log

Book to be

prepared and

submitted to

block operator

for review.

No machinery

Rig

Contractor

Rig

Contractor

During

drilling

operations

Prior to and

during

drilling

operations

During




Page 151

minimize noise.

Wearing of ear

protector when

appropriate.

running when not

required.

Block Operator

to distribute noise

protection

equipment and

ensure utilization

by the work

force.

- Do -

HSE

Coordinator

Drilling

operations

- Do -

Air Emissions Operate all

equipment within

specified design

parameters.

Store all dry, dusty

material (chemicals,

etc.) in sealed

containers.

Minimize duration of

testing by careful

planning.

Minimize emissions

during well testing

(flaring).

Minimize dust

Ensure proper

Equipment

maintenance.

Ensure absence

of stockpiles or

open containers

of dusty

materials.

Options for

MDT, Open Hole

DST to be

explored for

shorter test

include in the

plan if found

suitable

Effective

separation of oil

& gas to be

achieved and the

separated oil will

be trucked to

IOC/OIL and

only dry clean

gas to be flared.

Watering of

Rig

Mechanic

Rig‟s

maintenanc

e staff

Drilling

Team

- Do -

HSE

During

Drilling

operations.

- Do -

Planning

phase

- Do -

During




Page 152

generated from truck

movement

roads if required. Coordinator Drilling

operations.

Solid Wastes

Wastes will

include organic

wastes, scrap

metal, waste oil

& surplus

chemicals, sacks,

broken wooden

pallets, medical

wastes etc.

Ensure proper

documentation and

manifestation of all

wastes generated.

Litter and debris not

to be discarded at

site and to be

segregated at a

segregation pit on

the well site

No-toxic

biodegradable waste

to be buried during

operations and

decommissioning,

ensuring that local

water resources are

not contaminated in

any way.

Pre-operation

inspections to

ensure waste

disposal facilities

are in place.

A segregation pit

to have waste

types segregated

into separate

drums at the well

site.

Block Operator

to include in

tender

requirements

wherever

possible.

HSE

Coordinator

HSE

Coordinator

Drilling

Team &

HSE

Coordinator

.

Prior to

drilling

operations

During

drilling

Site design

& drilling

operations

Non-routine

events and

accidental

releases. (Well

kicks, blow out)

Bulk supply of

materials to

bereferred for

minimization of

packaging wastes.

Unused materials to

be returned to

Block Operator

to arrange for

proper disposal

and waste

recycling

contractors

Drilling

team.

Contractor

procurement

phase.




Page 153

supplier.

Material such as

scrap metal, waste

oil & surplus

chemicals will be

disposed of in a

controlled manner

through authorized

waste contractors.

Draw up Oil Spill

Contingency Plan

(OSCP) and

Emergency Response

Plan (ERP), Well

Control Plan & keep

it updated.

Maintain state of

readiness for quick

response including

plan awareness,

training and regular

exercises.

Risk of loss of well

control to be

minimized through

i) Proper well

design, which will

ensure that the

hydrostatic weight of

mud will overcome

formation pressure.

ii) Proper drilling

program design to

ensure selection of

Block Operator

to monitor strict

compliance with

the provisions of

OSCP and ERP

& Well Control

Plan.

Records of

interaction

between the

management and

the work force.

Records of

training and

drills.

Ensure all

available offset

data is examined

for proper design

parameters.

Same as above

Same as above

Well monitoring

equipment to detect

influx from reservoir.

Drilling

team/HSE

coordinator

Company

man and

HSE

Coordinator

- Do -

Drilling

Engineer

- Do -

Drilling

Team

Planning

phase &

implementati

on during

drilling

Throughout

drilling

operations

- Do -

Prior to

Drilling

- Do -

- Do -




Page 154

properly rated BOP

equipment.

iii) Ensure that the

block operator‟s

supervision team &

Rig contractor‟s

relevant operating

personnel are trained

to handle well

control situations

and hold relevant

well control training

certificates.

iv) Ensure advanced

detection system is

in place and BOP

equipment is well

maintained.

Spill Response

Spill kits will be on

the drill site to

handle spills

comprising

adsorbents;

approved

containers for

storage and

transport of spill

wastes, disposable

bags,

gloves/goggles,

etc. promptly to

prevent breeding of

mosquitoes.

Pressure detection

service provided by

Mud-logging

contractor.

Blowout

preventors tested

on installation

and routinely.

While at the drilling

location, any spill

will be reported

promptly

Drilling

Team/Drilli

ng

Contractor

Drilling

Contractor/

HSE

Coordinator

- Do -

Prior to

drilling/durin

g operations.

During

drilling

operations

- Do -




Page 155

Socio-Economic

Impacts

Ensure no water

(surface or ground)

contamination occurs

from drilling

operations

Dust emissions on

access road to be

minimized.

All manual labor and

other jobs for which

local skills are

available are

recruited from local

people.

Undertake social

welfare projects for

the local

communities through

well thought out

CSR strategy.

Implement waste

management plan

and undertake

water quality

monitoring

before, during

and after the

operations.

Regular

monitoring of the

access road and

deployment of

water tankers to

minimize dust.

Block Operator

to keep a record

of all jobs and

provide monthly

feedback on jobs

provided to locals

and others with

clear reporting on

each job profile.

Develop a CSR

strategy for the

area and

implement one

social welfare

project during

each drilling

well

Chief -

QHSE/

HSE

Coordinator

HSE

Coordinator

Chief -

QHSE

General

Manager

Drilling &

Chief -

QHSE

Planning and

during the

operations

During

drilling

Planning and

during

drilling

Planning

phase and

during

drilling

operations

9.3 Waste Management Plan

9.3.1 Types of Waste

i) Bio-degradable Waste: Food waste, cloths

ii) Non-Hazardous Waste: Plastics, rubber, hoses

iii) Hazardous Waste: Oil soaked cotton waste, burnt oil, oil soaked filters, effluents




Page 156

iv) Electrical & IT Waste: Electrical bulbs, personal computers

v) Battery Waste: used Batteries

9.3.2 Sources of Waste

i) Bio-degradable:

a) Kitchen waste

b) Packaging waste

ii) Non-Hazardous Waste:

a) Packaging plastic material

b) Tyres

c) Rubber hoses

iii) Hazardous Waste:

a) Maintenance of Engine

b) Produced water effluent

iv) Electrical & IT Waste:

a) Old non-working computers

b) Fused bulbs and other non-working electrical equipment

v) Battery Waste:

a) Waste dead batteries

Table 9.3 Quantity of Waste to be generated per year Description Sources Quantity (capacity)

Bio-degradable Waste - Food waste,

- Municipal solid waste

50 kgs/day

Non-Hazardous Waste Packaging Material –

Plastics, Rubber Hoses,

Tyres etc.

50 Kgs/day

Hazardous Waste - Oil Soaked cotton waste

- Oil soaked filters

- Burnt oil

- Effluents

Solid: 30 Kgs/Year

Liquid: 100 lts/Year

Electrical & IT Waste - Electrical Power equipment

including transformers,

capacitors etc., fused bulbs

and tubes, computers

30 Kgs/Year

Battery Waste Batteries operating on Site 4-5 Nos/Year




Page 157

9.3.3 Collection of the Waste

i) Biodegradable waste: Food waste shall be collected in to the bins and stored in the

designated place for short time and then directly put in to the pit.

ii) Non-Hazardous Waste:

a) Packaging Plastics shall be compacted and should keep dry and transferred to the

designated – marked container

b) Rubber hoses and Tyres shall be collected and placed at designated place

iii) Hazardous Waste:

a) Cotton pieces soaked in the oil are collected from all parts of site and to be kept

separately in the labelled bins

b) Used contaminated oil is collected in the separate tank and stored in the metal bins

iv) Battery Waste:Used Batteries shall be collected from the site and kept at designated

place

v) Electrical and IT Waste:All the electrical waste is collected from the site and kept at

designated place

9.3.4 Segregation and Storage

i. Plastics: Compacted and should remain dry, transfer to the designated – marked

waste container

ii. Food Waste: collected in to the bins and stored in the designated place for a short

period and then directly disposed to the land

iii. Hazardous Waste: These wastes should be separately labelled and packed

accordingly

iv. Incinerator Ashes:Stored in the metal bin separately

v. Used Contaminated Oil:Separate and stored in metal bins




Page 158

Figure 9.1: Flow Chart for Waste Management

9.3.5 Waste Disposal

a. Bio-degradable Waste:

i. Waste Food and other similar waste shall be buried in to the pit

b. Non-Hazardous Waste:

i. Collect & transfer to marked Bin for recycling

ii. Compact & dry and transfer to designated marked Bin

iii. Incineration, in case of tyres and rubber hoses

c. Hazardous Waste:

i. Incineration, in case of Cotton pieces and filters soaked in oil

ii. Left out burnt oil from engines shall be collected and separated and

stored in Metal bin. Later the collected oil is mixed with the crude oil

produced at site.

d. Electrical & IT Waste:Shall be collected separately

e. Used dead Batteries: Shall be collected separately and marked specifically




Page 159

9.3.6 Record Keeping

Entries in the Waste Record Book shall be made on each of the following occasions:

I. When Waste is dumped in to the land;

II. Date and time of discharge shall be noted

III. Categories of Waste discharged

IV. Estimated amount discharged for each category in cubic meters

V. When Waste is incinerated; Date and time of start and stop of incineration

VI. Categories of Waste incinerated

VII. Estimated amount incinerated in cubic meters

Table 9.4: Waste Management Plan

Category Waste

Type

Proposed Action Who is

Responsible

for action?

What needs to

be Reported?

Monitoring

Domestic

Waste

Sewage

(Black

Water)

It is expected that less than

0.5 m3 /day of domestic

wastewater (sewage and

sullage) will be generated

from each exploratory

drilling site. The treatment

proposed for the domestic

water includes allowing

domestic wastewater to

pass into a septic tank to be

provided at a drilling site.

The septic tank will be

constructed as per the

Bureau of Indian Standard

IS: 2470 (Part-1): 1985.

All Sewage to be

channelised into septic

tanks and soak pits.

HSE

coordinator

Dimensions of

pits, Integrity &

maintenance of

the pits, Level of

sewage in the

Pits

Chief -

QHSE




Page 160

Category Waste

Type


Responsible

for action?

What needs to

be Reported?

Monitoring

Wastewat

er from

Kitchen

and

Laundry

(Gray

Water)

The disposal of the

overflow from the septic

tank will be done into a

soak pit provided at the

drilling site. The secondary

treatment (soak pit) can be

constructed as per the

Bureau of Indian Standard

IS: 2470 (Part-2): 1985.

All gray water to be

channelised into soak pits.

Excess waste water will be

sprinkled on the project

access road

HSE

coordinator

Dimensions of

pits, Integrity &

maintenance of

the pits, Level of

gray water in the

Pits. Check

availability of

grease collection

pit and frequent

collection of

grease, regular

checking of

wastewater level

in the pit.

HSE

Coordinator /

Chief -

QHSE

Food

Waste

To be properly segregated

(no plastics, metal, glass in

it) and brought to the

segregation pit. Dig two

small humus pits (each of

2m x 2m x 1.5 m) within

the drilling site area away

from common use by rig

crewmembers. The humus

pits are to be covered with

soil on daily basis to avoid

any odour nuisance due to

putrification and check any

contact with the flies or

insects.

Drilling

Contractor‟s

Environment

Officer

Construction of

pits, daily

disposal of

organic waste

and covering it

with soil

HSE

Coordinator

Combusti

ble Waste

(Paper.

Rags,

Packing

material)


(no plastics, metal, glass in

it) and brought to the

segregation pit. Sent to

recycling contractor.

Drilling

Contractor‟s

Environment

Officer

Ensure daily

bringing of the

waste to the pit.

Periodic sending

of waste to

recycling

contractor

HSE

Coordinator




Page 161

Category Waste

Type


Responsible

for action?

What needs to

be Reported?

Monitoring

Hazardous

Waste

Medical

waste

(Waste

generated

from

clinic)

To ensure the availability

of specified boxes, use of

syringe cutters. Waste to be

properly separated and

stored temporarily at site

separately from other

wastes. Medical waste to

be transported to the

hospital at Kutch.

Medical

Doctor

Segregation of

waste

Transportation of

waste to

incinerator at

Kutch

HSE

Coordinator

Recyclable

Waste

Tin packs,

plastic and

glass

bottles and

other

metallic

materials


and temporary storage at

segregation pit at well site.

Deliver to approved

recycling contractor

Drilling

Contractor

Segregation and

storing of waste

at the site.

Sending of

waste recycling

contractor

HSE

Coordinator




Page 162

Category Waste

Type


Responsible

for action?

What needs to

be Reported?

Monitoring

Drilling

Wastes

Drill

Cuttings

To be stored in 1mm

HDPE lined pits on the

well site.

At the close of operations,

if leachate analysis

performed on properly

washed and reasonably

dried drill cuttings show

that it is non-hazardous in

nature, then it can be

disposed of as inert

material either into a

cuttings pit onsite or offsite

or taken for beneficial use

in construction of roads or

spreading on land in the

local area or land filling.

If found hazardous,

disposal can be done onsite

or offsite as per the

approval of the State

Pollution Control Board or

to dispose it in some

existing secured landfill

operating in the region.

HSE

Coordinator

Check integrity

of the HDPE

lined pit. Verify

that volume of

pit is adequate

for storage of

cuttings from the

drilling site.

Leachate

analysis to be

done once a

month from a

recognized Lab.

Chief -

QHSE

Un-Used

Drilling

Mud

To be stored in 1mm

HDPE lined pit on site.

After the operations it

should be transported to

another drilling site in the

block.

HSE

Coordinator /

Drilling

Engineer

Check integrity

of the HDPE

lined pit.

Chief -

QHSE/

Drilling

Manager




Page 163

Category Waste

Type


Responsible

for action?

What needs to

be Reported?

Monitoring

Drilling &

Wash

Wastewat

er

After flocculation, the

treated wastewater is stored

in a holding/buffer pit

(1mm HDPE lined) and

then disposed in a natural

drain if conforms to the

stipulated standards.

Otherwise repeat treatment

required for the non-

complying parameters or

ensure dilution in case of

marginal exceed of

standards.

HSE

Coordinator

Check integrity

of the HDPE

lined pit.

Volume (cum) of

wash wastewater

generated.

Testing for

stipulated

standards from

recognized Labs

before discharge

into natural

drains.

Chief -

QHSE

Chemical

Sludge

(generated

as a result

of

wastewate

r

treatment)

The treatment of the sludge

so generated can be for pH

correction, if any, followed

by dewatering either in

centrifuge and or solar

evaporation. The treatment

is to be ensured in a pit

properly lined with

impervious HDPE liner of

1.0 mm.

Disposal is dependent on

establishing non-hazardous

or hazardous nature after

the end of operations.

HSE

Coordinator

Check integrity

of the HDPE

lined pit.

Volume (cum) of

the sludge

generated.

Testing for

stipulated

standards from

recognized Labs

before deciding

final disposal.

- Do -




Page 164

Category Waste

Type


Responsible

for action?

What needs to

be Reported?

Monitoring

Oily Waste Used Oil Oil changing activity is

allowed only at the rig site.

Oil to be collected in

designated containers at the

Rig site. Ensure that the

used oil drums are safely

transported to the approved

recycling contractor at to

the certified workshop.

HSE

Coordinator

Collection and

storage of oil.

Used oil drums

safely

transported and

sent to approved

recycling

contractor

- Do -

For the proposed drilling, it is expected that the drill cuttings will be free from oil and may

not be rendered as hazardous, provided it is out of the purview of concentration criteria laid

down under the Rules. The sludge from the proposed drilling operations may be rendered as

free from oil by providing suitable pre-treatment measures. However, as per the Rules, any

chemical sludge generated from wastewater treatment is considered as hazardous. Therefore,

the chemical sludge from the wastewater treatment at the proposed exploratory drilling can

be rendered as hazardous. The drilling mud and other drilling wastes also considered as

hazardous. However, based on sampling and analysis carried out through a recognized

laboratory after the end of the drilling phase, if it is proved that the drilling mud and other

drilling wastes do not contain any of the constituents mentioned in HWM rules to the extent

of concentration limits specified therein, the wastes may not be treated as hazardous. Block

Operator would require prior authorization from the State Pollution Control Board for

treatment, storage, transportation and disposal of any hazardous waste generated at site

during drilling operations.

Table 9.5: Onshore Discharge Standards for Liquid Effluent from Oil Drilling

S. No. Parameter Onshore discharge standard

(not to exceed)

1 pH value 5.5 to 9.0

2 Temperature, ºC 40.0




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3 Suspended Solids, mg/l 100.0

4 Zinc, mg/l 2.0

5 BOD at 27ºC for 3 days,

mg/l

30.0

6 COD, mg/l 100.0

7 Chlorides, mg/l 600.0

8 Sulphates, mg/l 1000.0

9 Total Dissolved Solids,

mg/l

2100.0

10 Sodium, mg/l 60.0

11 Oil and Grease, mg/l 10.0

12 Phenolics, mg/l 1.2

13 Cyanides, mg/l 0.2

14 Fluorides, mg/l 1.5

15 Sulphides, mg/l 2.0

16 Chromium (Hexavalent),

mg/l

0.1

17 Chromium (Total), mg/l 1.0

18 Copper, mg/l 0.2

19 Lead, mg/l 0.1

20 Mercury, mg/l 0.01

21 Nickel, mg/l 3.0

The proposed drilling operations require to discharge treated wastewater only after achieving

above standards and or as specifically imposed by the State Pollution Control Board in its

permit to operate for drilling of proposed exploratory well.

9.4 Restoration and Rehabilitation

9.4.1 Well Abandonment

After well testing and evaluation, a decision on whether to abandon or develop the well will

be taken. If no indications of a commercial quantity of oil are encountered, either before or

after testing, the well will be declared dry, accordingly plugged and abandoned, and the site

restored in line with local regulations and good industry practice. As a minimum, the

following steps will be undertaken to restore and rehabilitate the area:




Page 166

The well head and all casing string will be cut off to a minimum depth of 3 m (10 ft)

below ground level.

All concrete structures will be broken up, and the debris disposed off as per the

regulatory requirements.

All other waste products, solid and liquid, will be disposed of in accordance with the

requirements of the EIA and will be treated to render them harmless.

All fencing and access gates will be removed.

All pits whose contents would show regulatory compliance for on-site disposal, at the

time of site closure, will be backfilled and closed out as per the legal requirements.

Waste products, solid and liquid, will be disposed of in accordance with the waste

management plan.

9.4.2 Well Suspension

After well testing and evaluation, if it is decided that the oil field is to be further

appraised, the well site and the access road will be maintained and a separate EIA

conducted for organizing the appraisal and possible development of the oil field. Further

development of the well will depend on the outcome of the EIA and the approval of the

concerned government agencies. The site will not be restored to its original condition

until a decision is taken on the environmental assessment of the field development. Until

then, the fencing will be left intact and the site sealed, although a few security men will

be posted at the site for its protection. The road will be maintained but barriers installed at

suitable locations will control access to it. Block Operator will provide a yearly

environmental monitoring report for this period to the regulatory bodies for their

information. The report will consist of records of any activity, environmental issues, and

the activities planned concerning the well site.

9.5 Greenbelt Development

As per the MoEF&CC, 33% of the project area must be developed for greenbelt purpose.

Most of the activities are sub surface in nature and will not have any impact on the

surface surrounding area. However, adequate green belt will be developed nearby the

proposed well sites and GWHI area.




Page 167

9.6 Safety during dredging operation

As soon as the drilling operation starts, the area must be confined with red signals/ flags and

sign boards. Public must be informed through announcement etc. DGMS has given

necessary guidelines for the safety and surveillance against these occupational hazards wise

prevention measures.Initial & periodical examination will be conducted. FORM-O is

prescribed as Medical examination for every employee as per Rules- 1955.Details of tests are

given in the form provided that in case any dust/emission related diseases need to be

conducted more frequently as the examination authority deems necessary

Normal sanitary facilities will be provided in the nearby area. The management will carry out

periodic health check up of workers.

Occupational hazards involved are related to dust pollution, noise pollution,and injuries from

moving machineries & equipment and fall in to the reservoir. All necessary first aid and

medical facilities will be provided to the workers. The site will be well equipped with proper

fire protection and firefighting equipment. All operators and mechanics will be trained to

handle fire-fighting equipments. Further all the necessary protective equipments such as

helmets, safety goggles, earplugs, earmuffs, etc. will be provided to persons working at site

as per OHSAS.

9.6.1 Disaster Management Plan

The Disaster Management Plan (DMP) is a guide, giving general considerations, directions,

and procedures for handling emergencies likely to arise from planned operations.

Structure

The Disaster Management Plan (DMP) is supposed to be a dynamic, changing, document

focusing on continual improvement of emergency response planning and arrangements. A

structure working on a Plan, Do, Check & Review (PDCR) cycle has been therefore

suggested. Another advantage of doing this is to have a system that is in synchronicity with

commonly used SHE systems such as ISO 14001 and OHSAS 18001.

Policy

The Safety Health and Environmental (SHE) policy should be existing & accessible to all at

site and to other stakeholders. The policy should be framed considering legislative

compliance, stakeholder involvement, continual improvement, and management by

objectives.

Planning




Page 168

Identification & Prevention of Possible Emergencies

Possible emergency situations can broadly be classified into drowning, vehicle collision, and

inundation. Additional emergencies can be developed based on audit or other procedures

prior to commencement of operations.

Emergency Prevention

Some of the ways of preventing emergencies are as follows:

Preparation of a Preventive Maintenance Schedule Programme and also covering

maintenance schedules for all critical equipments and instruments as per

recommendations of the manufacturer‟s user manuals.

Importantly, it is of great importance to collect and analyze information pertaining to

minor incidents and accidents at the site, as well as for recording near-misses or

emergencies that were averted. This information gives an indication of how likely or

unlikely it is for the site to face actual emergency and what shall be further action to

prevent them from occurring.

Establishment of an ongoing training and evaluation programme, incorporating the

development of capabilities amongst employees about potential emergencies and

ways and means of identifying and averting the same. Most emergencies do not occur

without some incidence or an abnormal situation. So there is always sometime of few

seconds to few minutes to arrest an incident of abnormal situation from turning in to

an emergency. This is the role of the in-charge who is the incident controller (IC)

along with his team.

Emergency Plan Objectives

Specific objectives of the Emergency Response Plan are to be clearly listed about the

responses desired for successful management of the possible emergency situations. Suggested

objectives could include:

To define and assess emergencies, including risk and environmental impact

assessment.

To control and contain incidents.

To safeguard employees.

To minimize damage to property or / and the environment.




Page 169

To inform employees, the general public and the authority on the hazards / risks

assessed.

Safeguard provided residual risk if any and the role to be played by them in the

event of emergency.

To inform authorities like Safety and Fire Department and Mutual Aid Centers to

come up for help.

For effective rescue and treatment of casualties and to count the injured.

To identify and list fatal accidents if any.

To secure the safe rehabilitation of affected areas and to restore normally.

To provide authoritative information to the news media.

To preserve records, equipments etc. and to organize investigation into the cause

of the emergency and preventive measures to stop its recurrence.

To ensure safety of staff and patients and resume work.

To work out a plan with all provisions to handle emergencies and to provide for

emergency.

Preparedness and the periodical rehearsal of the plan.

Setting-up of Emergency Infrastructure

To enable the key persons to implement the DMP, the following infrastructure will require to

be set up:

ASSEMBLY POINTS

In case of emergency, the site needs to be evacuated immediately. On evacuation, people will

go to pre-assigned assembly points. The charge will be taken by shift in charge, in his

absence person deployed by In-charge/HSE Head/Contractor will be in charge of respective

assembly points, and will supervise Assembly and Head Count. A Board indicating the

Assembly Point having relevant information is placed at point for guidance.

Liaison with State Authorities

Government authorities, local hospital, police fire services, taluka, district collector will be

kept informed about the occurrence and development of any incident by the In-charge/HSE

Head/Contractor and procure necessary help and guidance from these authorities.

TASK FORCE OF ESSENTIAL STAFF




Page 170

A task force of essential trained staff is made available to get work done by the HSE Head.

Task Force personnel shall be trained to perform tasks as mentioned above.

Emergency Control Center

Site In-charge office will act as Emergency Control Center and provided with required

communication facilities. The Control Center is situated in an area of minimum risk and close

to the road to allow for ready access by a vehicle if other systems fail or extra communication

facilities are needed to be set up. The Emergency control center should consist of following

items:

External telephones

Internal telephones

E-Mail facilities

Emergency plan

Stationeries

Torches and emergency lights

Ropes and Life Jackets

I. Fire Fighting

Person noticing the fire shall immediately raise alarm and ask the nearest person to inform In-

charge.Fire water network/foam pourers and portable Fire Extinguisher shall be used in an

attempt to extinguish the fire, by the person at site at 24X7. In-charge shall assess the severity

of fire and if likely to be severe shall take following steps:

Call fire tenders and mobile trailer pump from nearby fire department.

Call for assembly of all persons at assembly points

Arrange for turning "OFF" main switch of electricity supply

II. Emergency Preparedness for Electrical Shock

Source of power should be put off immediately in case of any electrical shock.

Injured person should be shifted to safe place.

Persons engaged in rescuing operation should use all Personal Protective Equipments

(PPE) and take appropriate precaution while removing the injured persons.

Trained persons are engaged to give first-aid treatment to injured persons.

In case of major injury, the injured is shifted to the Dispensary/Hospital.

In case of electrical fire, only CO2 type Fire Extinguisher is used.




Page 171

Accident report in prescribed form is sent to appropriate authority in case of

reportable injury.

All the persons engaged to carry out this operation should be equipped with

appropriate PPEs like safety shoes, helmets, dust masks etc.

III. Natural Disasters

EARTHQUAKE

When earthquake hits, all persons shall be encouraged to run out in the open

areas designated as Assembly Points.

All the electrical supply should be disconnected by the electrical department.

All key personnel shall reach site immediately and carry out designated

responsibilities

Steps detailed in Emergency preparedness are to be carried out.

As soon as earthquake tremor stops – Incharge shall:

Check all areas to ensure that fireis doused.

Check all areas for persons trapped inside.

Search and Rescue Operation shall be launched with help of

Workers, if there is obvious damage to building.

FLOOD

As soon as the water level starts rising up, a siren must be wailed to make the workers

aware of the matter.

All the dredging activity must be stopped immediately. Workers shall be encouraged

to evacuate the site.

All the equipments should be removed and power supply must be cut. .

IV. Treatment of Affected Persons

Injured / Affected persons shall be provided suitable first-aid treatment and sent to

Doctors/Empanelled hospitals for further treatment depending on injury.

Patients requiring further treatment shall be sent in Ambulances to Hospitals in

Mehsana/Ahmedabad.

Patients suffering from minor problems shall be discharged and sent home after

preliminary treatment.

V. Post Emergency Activities




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Medical checkup: Medical checkup of affected persons if any and suitable medical

aid shall be provided.

Collection of Records: Exact information shall be collected regarding cause of

Emergency and remedial measures suggested preventing recurrence.

Inquiry: Detailed inquiry shall be carried out to find out cause, which will be in the

form of fact-finding and recommendations made to suitable authority.

Insurance Claims (if any): Insurance claims for damage due to consequences of

emergency shall be filed.

VI. Training

Regular training of all concerned personnel will be conducted to enable the Staff to face any

type of Emergency be it Natural Disasters, Fire in Equipment, any other mishap at site.

Table 9.6:Control and Action Plan of the Incidents

S.No Causes Control Procedure Responsible Person

(Designation)

1 Heavy

rainfall or

flood

Closing the drilling

operation

Siren Wailing for

Workers .

Stopping of drilling

activity.

Confinement of the

Area by making sign

boards.

Site In-charge/ HSE

Manager

2 Poor Cabling

/ Earthling

To Rotating

Equipments

Periodic servicing

of electrical

instruments.

Periodic Inspection

/ Audit of Electrical

equipments – cables

and accessories

Non Compliance to

SOP.

Section VII – Works

of Licensees of Indian

Electricity Rules 2003

Electrical In charge

3 Head on

collision

between

vehicle and

another

Haul road should be

sprinkled

Regularly.

Driving at night

shall be avoided.

Sprinkling of water in

haul road as per Reg.

124MMR 1961 and

appointment of RTO

licensed drivers

Site In-charge/ HSE

Manager




Page 173

S.No Causes Control Procedure Responsible Person

(Designation)

vehicle (due

to poor

visibility or

incompetent

drivers)

Driver should be

RTO licensed

holder for driving

vehicle.

Poor vehicle

maintenance

Periodic servicing

of vehicle, Brakes

and steering

apparatus should be

in good condition.

Headlight and tail

light of the vehicle

should be in good

condition

Procedure for

Maintenance of

Vehicles under Reg.

176 of MMR -1961

Site In-charge/ HSE

Manager

4 Poor

machinery

Maintenance

Periodic servicing

of machineries.

Periodic Inspection

/ Audit of

Machineries and

Structures Non

Compliance to

SOP.

Procedure laid under

Section 174 Chapter

XVI – Machinery and

Plant of MMR 1961

Site In-charge/ HSE

Manager

9.7 Effluents and Solid Waste

All efforts will be made to minimize the waste generated while the project is in progress. The

main types of waste that will be generated are:

Drill cuttings, waste mud, sludge and waste water

Used fuels and chemicals

Used oil and filters

Sewage

Camp waste

Medical waste




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9.7.1 Drill Cuttings, Waste Mud, Sludge and Wastewater

A water-based mud system will be used to drill each exploratory well and a base salt

(Potassium Sulphate) will be added to the system to avoid borehole instability problems. Dry

cuttings will be disposed in an HDPE lined pit. Waste mud, sludge, and wastewater will be

stored on site in HDPE lined pits and will be tested to ascertain hazardous or non-hazardous

nature. HDPE lining will be made with 1mm thick impervious layer. If non hazardous, pits

with these wastes will be closed as per regulatory pit closure protocols. In case of hazardous

status, drilling wastes will be disposed as per the Hazardous Wastes Management Rules

2016.Figure 9.1 below illustrate the water balance for drilling.

Figure 9.2: Water Balance for Drilling

9.7.2 Fuels and Chemicals

Used fuels, oils, and chemicals will be stored in containers in areas lined with impervious floors and

surrounded by containing dykes at the rig site. Recyclable material will periodically be transported out




Page 175

of the project area and given to the contractors. Disposal of off specified hazardous wastes willbe

ensured through the suppliers of the material. IPL, through its suppliers ensures that all surplus or

residual chemical additives are given back to them on restocking basis.

9.7.3 Used Oil and Filters

Used Oil & filters and spare parts, can largely be recycled. All such waste will be collected

and transported out of the project area and sold to authorized recyclers.

9.7.4 Sewage

As part of the site preparation stage, a drainage and sewerage system will be constructed for

the camp and the rig. The sewerage system will consist of septic tanks followed by soak pits

for the collection and treatment of wastewater generated from the camp kitchen, laundry, and

showers. Overflow from the soak pits, if any will be sprayed over the ground allowing it to

soak away or evaporate.

Sewage from toilets will go into septic tanks from where, after being treated, the wastewater

will go into a soak pit The semi-solid residue from septic tanks will be periodically cleaned

and transported to municipal solid waste disposal site in Bhuj.

9.7.5 Medical Waste

Small amounts of medical waste like used syringes, bandages, empty medicinal bottles and

other used items will be generated. Usually this may not be more than few kgs (5-10 kgs).

After proper segregation, this waste will be given to the local hospital at Kutch for proper

disposal.

9.7.6 Camp Waste

It is expected that paper, plastics, metal wood, kitchen and food waste will be generated from

the domestic activities during the drilling operations. All camp wastes will be segregated at

the segregation pit built at the project site.

Table 9.7: Quantity of solid waste generated

S No Waste Type Quantity Characteristics

1 Kitchen

Waste/MSW

50 kg/day Organic Waste, MSW

2 Drill cuttings 250-500

m3/day/well

Mainly inert material

consisting of Shale,

sands and clay; and

About 1% of drilling

mud




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3 Paper, wood,

plastic container

(other than

chemicals)

50 kg/day General scrap

4 Drilling mud

(Fluid)

300m3/day Barite

Betonite

Traces of Heavy metals

5 Used Lead

Batteries

4 -5 Batteries/year Acid and lead

All biodegradable waste (food & kitchen waste) at the site will be collected and disposed off

into two small humus pits (each of 2m x 2m x 1.5 m) within the drilling site area away from

common use by rig crew members. The humus pits are to be covered with soil on daily basis

to avoid any odour nuisance due to decomposition and check any contact with the flies or

insects. Any non-combustible and non-biodegradable waste, such as glass, metal, and plastic,

will be separated and transported through contractor for disposal.




Page 177

CHAPTER-10 : Conclusions

The block is mainly located in Ahmedabad district of Gujarat; 36 km SW of Ahmedabad

city and 20 km SW of Navagam Field of ONGC. The block spreads over an area of 4 sq.

km. on the western rising flank of Ahmedabad – Mehsana tectonic block of Cambay

Basin. Climate of the area varies from Arid to Semi-arid type. The drilling locations will

be planned far away from human habitation. Hence, the drilling operation is unlikely to

have any negative impact on the livelihood of local population. Further, the land will be

reinstated to its existing condition as far as possible.

The land for the drill site was supplying gas until 2004, when the production stopped due

to water ingress in the wells. Three wells exist in the field. Now, as a part of the

reactivation process, Sun petro intends to drill new wells in the Field near the existing

three wells. In case of discovery, there will be overall development of the surrounding

area due to additional infrastructure facilities, employment opportunities, etc.

The drilling of the exploration well will result in a range of controlled releases to the

environment with remote possibility for non-routine or accidental releases. The

environmental impact assessment process has systematically identified and assessed all

potential environmental impacts associated with the drilling operations.

The main source of liquid effluents generated during the drilling operations will be from

the spent drilling fluid resulting from the cleaning of the cuttings from the drilling fluid

circulation system. However the drilling fluid to be used for the drilling of wells will be

water based mud, which will not pose any risk of contamination to subsurface

formations, and the disposal of the fluid and cuttings will also be less problematic.

The drilling fluid comprises of chemicals and the effluents generated during the drilling

will contain only minor traces of heavy metals concentration, well below the CPCB

norms prescribed for effluents. However, the EIA also provides safe guards against high

levels of heavy metals or other hazardous substances in the drilling wastes as it proposes

that the proponent will undertake appropriate tests to ascertain the hazardous/non-

hazardous nature of its drilling wastes before final disposal.

The major solid wastes generated during operations will be the rock cuttings. These will

be separated from the circulation system and adequately dried and stored at site

temporarily in separate cuttings pit.




Page 178

Because of the control measures and management processes in place, there should be no

significant impacts resulting from the proposed operations. A detail environmental

management plan (EMP), which includes mitigation management matrix as well as

environmental monitoring protocols. This plan is primarily an implementation document

for the operator as well as an audit document for any regulatory body to see if

prescriptions of the EIA are being implemented.

To ensure that adverse environmental impacts are minimized and sustainable

development of the area is possible, block operator will ensure that the following

monitoring targets during the drilling operations are at least met:

Periodic check on wastewater discharge quality

Periodic check of water quality of natural water bodies around the drilling site

Performance of comprehensive waste management plan as outlined in the

EMP

Periodic check of protective measures in place.