FIGHTING WITH FIRES. CPT Chris Wade, Room 438, 545-7835 SAFETY: NONE RISK: LOW ENVIROMENTAL: NONE EVALUATION: You must receive a GO on the CFF certification.

FIGHTING WITH FIRESFIGHTING WITH FIRES


CPT Chris Wade,Room 438, 545-7835

SAFETY: NONE

RISK: LOW

ENVIROMENTAL: NONEEVALUATION: You must receive a GO on the CFF certification.

ADMINISTRATIVE DATA



TERMINAL LEARNING OBJECTIVE

• ACTION: Identify the characteristics of fire support assets and munitions that can be used on the battlefield.

• CONDITION: Given characteristics of different types of fire support assets and munitions.

• STANDARD: Identify the characteristics of fire support assets and munitions.


“The mission of the field artillery is to destroy, neutralize, or suppress the

enemy by cannon, rocket, and missile fire, and to help integrate all fire support assets into combined

arms operations.”

MISSION OF THE FIELD ARTILLERY


CLOSE WITH THE ENEMY BY MEANS OF FIRE AND

MANEUVER TO DEFEAT OR CAPTURE HIM, OR REPEL

HIS ASSAULT BY FIRE, CLOSE COMBAT, AND

COUNTER ATTACK

INFANTRY MISSION


ENABLING LEARNING OBJECTIVE 1

ACTION: Identify how Fire Support systems are organized to support maneuver organizations.

CONDITION: Given a type of maneuver unit and a list of Fire Support assets.

STANDARD: Correctly identify the Fire Support system that supports a maneuver organization.


Light Infantry Division

COMPANY• 2 x 60mm Mortars• Company Commander’s dedicated fire

support

BATTALION• 4 x 81mm Mortars• Mortar Platoon in HHC• BN Commander’s dedicated fire support


Light Infantry Division Artillery

• Brigade – – 1 x Direct Support (DS) Field Artillery

Battalion – 18 each 105mm, (T) per BN 3x6 BTRY

• Division – – 1 x General Support (GS) Field Artillery

Battery – 6 each 155mm, (T) per BTRY


Light Infantry Division Artillery

LTLT

X

LT

18 - 105mm Howitzers / DS FA BN - 1 FA BN DS / MNVR BDE

54 – Total 105mm Howitzers in Division

6 - 155mm (T) Howitzers

GS to the Division

BTRY 3X6

1 BTRY


Airborne / Air Assault Division

COMPANY• 2 x 60mm Mortars• Company Commander’s dedicated fire

supportBATTALION

• 4 x 81mm Mortars• Mortar Platoon in HHC• BN Commander’s dedicated fire

support


Airborne / Air Assault Division Artillery

• Brigade - 1 x Direct Support (DS) Field Artillery Battalion (105mm, T) BTRY 3X6 = 18 Howitzers

• Division - No Artillery at Division Level


Airborne / Air Assault Division Artillery

LT

LT

X

No Artillery at Division Level


54 – Total 105mm Howitzers in Division

BTRY 3X6


Heavy Division

COMPANY• No Indirect Fire Assets

BATTALION• 4 x 120mm Mortars• Mortar Platoon in HHC• BN Commander’s dedicated fire support


Heavy Division Artillery

• Brigade - 1 x Direct Support (DS) Field Artillery Battalion (155mm, SP Paladin) BTRY 3X6 = 18 Howitzers

• Division - 3 x General Support (GS) Field Artillery Batterys (MLRS) = 18 Launchers


Heavy Division Artillery

X


54 – Total 155mm SP Howitzers in a Division

18 – MLRS Launchers

GS to Division

BTRY 3X6BTRY 3X6


SBCTCOMPANY

•2 x 60mm and 2 x 120 Mortars•Company Commander’s dedicated fire support

•BATTALION•4 x 81mm and 4 x 120mm Mortars•Mortar Platoon in HHC•BN Commander’s dedicatedfire support


Artillery assets for the SBCT

• 1 x Direct Support (DS) Field Artillery Battalion 12 M198 (155mm, TOWED) BTRY 3X4 • 1 x Q36 and 1x Q37 Firefinder RADAR



• ACTION: Identify the characteristics of Mortar and Field Artillery Support.

• CONDITION: Given a list of characteristics.

• STANDARD: Identify the characteristics of Mortar and Field Artillery.


MORTARS THE MOST RESPONSIVE INDIRECT

FIRE SUPPORT SYSTEM AVAILABLE TO THE COMMANDER.

- FM 7-90



POSITIVE CHARACTERISTICSOF MORTARS

• HIGH RATES OF FIRE

• SUPERB SUPPRESSIVE WEAPON SYSTEM

• EXCELLENT FOR ILLUMINATION AND QUICK SMOKE

• ORGANIC TO MANEUVER

– Responsive

– Less Coordination Required


POSITIVE CHARACTERISTICSOF MORTARS

• COMMUNICATION REQUIREMENTS ARE EASIER

• POSITIONING

• HIGH ANGLE FIRE


NEGATIVE CHARACTERISTICS OF

MORTARS• LIMITED AMMUNITION TYPES

• LIMITED QUANTITY OF AMMUNITION

• LIMITED SELF DEFENSE / PROTECTION

• LIMITED RANGES

• HIGH ANGLE FIRES ONLY


60mm MORTAR• ORGANIZED : 2 PER COMPANY

• ORGANIC : LIGHT / ABN / AIR ASLT

• MAX RANGE (HE) - 3500m

• MIN RANGE - 70m

• MAXIMUM RATE OF FIRE - 30 RPM (4 min)

• SUSTAINED RATE OF FIRE - 20 RPM

• AMMUNITION TYPES - High Explosive, White Phosphorus, Illumination, IR Illumination

• FUZE TYPES - PD, VT, TIME


60mm MORTAR• Weights

– Cannon M225 14.4 lbs

– Bipod 15.2 lbs

– Sight 2.5 lbs

– Baseplate 14.4/3.6

Total: 18 lbs handheld 46.5lbs conventional

• Burst Diameter 30m RED- 65/.1- 175/.001

• Rounds 4 lbs


60mm MortarM224


81mm MORTARM252

• ORGANIZED : 4 PER BN

• ORGANIC : LIGHT / ABN / AIR ASLT

• MAX RANGE (HE) - 5800m

• MIN RANGE : 80m

• MAXIMUM RATE OF FIRE : 30 RPM for 2 min

• SUSTAINED RATE OF FIRE : 15 RPM

• AMMUNITION TYPES : HE, WP, RP, Illum

• FUZE TYPES : PD, VT, MT


81mm MORTAR• Weights

– Barrel 35 lbs

– Mount 27 lbs

– Sight 2.5 lbs

– Baseplate 29 lbs

System Total inc. BII 91 lbs

• Burst Diameter 40m RED : 80 /.1 - 230 /.001

• Rounds 15 lbs


81mm MORTARM252


120mm MORTAR• ORGANIZED : 4 PER BN• ORGANIC : MECH AND ARMOR• MAX RANGE (HE) : 7200m• MIN RANGE : 200• MAXIMUM RATE OF FIRE : 15 RPM (1 min)• SUSTAINED RATE OF FIRE : 4 RPM• AMMUNITION TYPES : HE, WP, ILLUM,• FUZE TYPES : PD, VT, MT, MOF• Burst Diameter : 60 m • RED : 100/.1 - 400/.001• Piece Weight: 320 lbs Round Weight: 33 lbs


120mm MountedM121

120mm MountedM121

120mm TowedM120

120mm TowedM120



ACTION: Define the four standard tactical missions assigned to the Field Artillery.

CONDITION: Given a list of standard tactical missions.

STANDARD: Define correctly the four standard tactical missions assigned to the Field Artillery.


Field Artillery Standard Tactical Missions

• Direct Support (DS)• Reinforcing (R)• General Support (GS)• General Support reinforcing

(GSR)

Artillery units can only perform one mission at a time


Direct Support(DS)

• One FA Battalion is DS to one Maneuver Brigade

• DS FA Bn furnishes fire support personnel

• Positioned by Brigade

• DS FA Bn works for the Brigade Commander


REINFORCING(R)

• One or more firing units (Battalion or Battery) reinforces a Direct Support FA Battalion

• Reinforcing Bn does not provide fire support personnel

• Positioned by the DS FA Bn

• Works for the DS FA Battalion Commander


General Support(GS)

• One or more firing units (Battalion or Battery) supports the Division as a whole

• No requirement for fire support personnel

• Positioned by the Division

• Works for the Division Commander


General Support Reinforcing(GSR)

• One or more firing units (Battalion or Battery) supports the division as a whole first, but also reinforces a DS FA Bn

• No requirements for fire support personnel

• Positioned by Division

• Works for Division Commander first, then for reinforced DS FA Bn


Check on Learning1. WHAT FS ASSETS ARE FOUND IN LIGHT DIV?

2. WHAT FS ASSETS ARE FOUND IN HEAVY DIV?

3. HOW MANY 60 mm ARE IN A HEAVY COMPANY?

4. HOW MANY 105 mm FOUND IN A LIGHT DIV?


POSITIVE CHARACTERISTICS OF FIELD ARTILLERY

• AREA AND POINT KILLER

• LOW AND HIGH ANGLE FIRES

• AMMUNITION– Many Different Types– Large Quantities

• PSYCHOLOGICAL EFFECT

• ABILITY TO SHIFT AND MASS


NEGATIVE CHARACTERISTICS OF FIELD ARTILLERY

• PLANNING AND COORDINATION

• SELF DEFENSE

• LARGE LOGISTICAL BASE

• STRATEGIC MOBILITY

• EASILY LOCATED

• FIRING SIGNATURE


105mm ARTILLERY(M119A1)

• ORGANIZED: 18 / FA BN• ORGANIC: LIGHT/ ABN / AA DIVISIONS• RANGE: 14,100 Meters

19,100 Meters - RAP• MAX ROF: 10 RPM• SUSTAINED ROF: 3 RPM• AMMUNITION: HE, APICM, DPICM, WP, SMOKE, ILLUM, APERS

• Burst Diameter 35m

• RED: 90/.1 - 275/.001 Towed by HMMWV



155 TOWED ARTILLERY(M198)

• ORGANIZED: 6 / FIRING BATTERY• ORGANIC: ONE BATTERY IN

LIGHT DIVISIONS• RANGE: 18,000 Meters

30,100 Meters - RAP• MAX ROF: 4 RPM• SUSTAINED ROF: 2 RPM• AMMUNITION: HE, DPICM,WP,SMOKE,

ILLUM, CPHD,FASCAM, SADARM

• Burst Diameter 50m

• RED: 125/.1 - 450/.001 Towed by 5 Ton Truck


M198


155mm SP ARTILLERY(M109A6 PALADIN)

• ORGANIZED: 18 / FA BN• ORGANIC: HEAVY DIVISIONS• RANGE: 18,000 Meters

30,000 Meters - RAP• MAX ROF: 4 RPM• SUSTAINED ROF: 1 RPM• AMMUNITION: HE, DPICM,WP, SMOKE, ILLUM, CPHD, FASCAM, SADARM• Burst Diameter: 50m

• RED: 125/.1- 450/.001



MULTIPLE LAUNCHROCKET SYSTEM

• ORGANIZED: 18 / MLRS BN (2 active btry / 1 NG btry)

• ORGANIC: HEAVY DIVISIONS (1 BN GS Division)

• RANGE: 32,000 Meters rocket

300 KM missile

• MAX ROF: 12 RPM

• AMMUNITION: DPICM (4-5% Dud Rate)

• EFFECTS: GRID SMASHER


MLRS


Firefinder Radars

Heavy Division: 2 AN/TPQ-37 3 AN/TPQ-36(1 PER DS BN)

Light Division: 3 AN/TPQ-36 (1 PER DS BN)


AN/TPQ-36 AN/TPQ-37

MAX RNG: 24km

18km – 24km

90 DEGREE SEARCH AZIMUTH

ARTILLERY/ MORTARS

AQUIRE 10 TGTS SIMULTANEOUSLY

MAX RNG: 50km

30km – 50km

90 DEGREE SEARCH AZIMUTH

ARTILLERY/ ROCKETS

AQUIRE 10 TGTS SIMULTANEOUSLY


MORTARS vs. ARTILLERY

• MORTARS ARE EXTREMELY MOBILE,

ARTILLERY CAN SHIFT AND MASS

• MORTARS HAVE HIGH RATES OF FIRE,

ARTILLERY HAS GREATER EFFECTS

• MORTARS ARE IDEAL FOR MOUT,

ARTILLERY’S RANGE IS IDEAL FOR DEEP TGTS



• ACTION: Identify the best shell/fuze combination to use against a target.

• CONDITION: Given different types of munitions.

• STANDARD: Identify the best shell/fuze combination to use against a target.


FUZES• SUPER QUICK

– Explodes on Impact

– Standard Fuze

• DELAY

– Wooded Area

– Buildings

• CONCRETE PIERCING

– Hard Nose Shield With Delay Action

POINT DETONATING (PD)


FUZES• GRADUATED TIME SETTINGS

FOR SPECIFIED AIR BURST

• USE AGAINST EXPOSED TARGETS–Troops In Open–Antennas

TIME


FUZES

• RADIO SIGNAL REFLECTS OFF TARGET

• DETONATES SEVEN METERS ABOVE THE TARGET

• USE AGAINST EXPOSED TARGETS– Troops In Open– Antennas

VAIABLE TIME (VT)


AMMUNITION


HIGH EXPLOSIVE(HE)

• PRODUCES FRAGMENTATION

• STANDARD SHELL FOR ADJUSTING AND GENERAL PURPOSE FIRES


ANTI-PERSONNEL IMPROVED CONVENTIONAL MUNITIONS

(APICM)• ANTI-PERSONNEL BOMBLETS

• BASE EJECTING

• 5 METER BUST RADIUS

BOMBLETS

105mm - 18


DUAL PURPOSE IMPROVEDCONVENTIONAL MUNITION

(DPICM)• SHAPED CHARGE ANTI-MATERIAL/PERSONNEL

BOMBLETS• EACH BOMBLET PRODUCES FRAGMENTATION• CAN PENETRATE 2.75 INCHES OF HOMOGENEOUS

STEEL• SAFETY CONSIDERATIONS: 2 - 4% Dud Rate

BOMBLETS105mm - 42155mm - 88MLRS - 644

ATACMs - 950



COPPERHEAD• CANNON LAUNCHED LASER

GUIDED PROJECTILE

• TERMINALLY GUIDED PROJECTILE

• SINGLE-SHOT CAPABILITY AGAINST ARMORED TARGETS

• 155mm DELIVERED


FAMILY OF SCATTERABLE MINES

(FASCAM)• AREA DENIAL ARTILLERY MUNITION (ADAM)

– ANTI-PERSONNEL– 26 MINES/155 ROUND

• REMOTE ANTI-ARMOR MINE SYSTEM (RAAM)– 9 MINES/155 ROUND

• BOTH MINES HAVE SELF DESTRUCT SETTINGS CAN BE SET FROM 4 TO 48 HOURS


WHITE PHOSPHURUS (WP)• BURSTS ON IMPACT

• PRODUCES SOME FRAGMENTATION

• BUILDS HEAVY WHITE SMOKE QUICKLY

• EFFECTIVE AGAINST COMBUSTABLE MATERIALS

• MIX WITH SMOKE TO BUILD SMOKE SCREEN

• GOOD MARKING ROUND



• ACTION: Identify the characteristics of Close Air Support.

• CONDITION: Given a list of characteristics.

• STANDARD: Identify the characteristics of Close Air Support.


CLOSE AIR SUPPORT

• AIR ACTION AGAINST HOSTILE TARGETS IN CLOSE PROXIMITY TO FRIENDLY GROUND FORCES

• REQUIRES DETAILED INTEGRATION BETWEEN AIR AND GROUND FORCES


CAS PLANNING

• Pre-plannedAir support in accordance with a

program, planned in advance of operations

• Immediate

Air support to meet specific requests which arise during the course of a battle


AIRCRAFT MUNITIONS• JDAM – JOINT DIRECT ATTACK MUNITION

USES GPS AND INERTIAL NAVIGATION SYSTEM TO LOCATE TARGET. CAN BE LAUNCHED FROM UP 15 MILES AWAY FROM THE TARGET. HAS PAYLOAD OF 500 TO 2000lbs

• GBU- GUIDED BOMB UNIT

SEVERAL METHODS OF TARGET LOCATION: LASERS, MANUAL CONTROL TV/IR, GPS/INS

• PAYLOAD TYPES

MK81 - 250lb, MK82 – 500lb, MK83 – 1000lb, MK84 –2000lb

BLU = Penetrator Bomb: BLU111 – 500lb, BLU110 – 1000lb, BLU109 – 2000lb, BLU113 – 4400lb


A-10(THUNDERBOLT)

• CLOSE AIR SUPPORT/ FORWARD AIR CONTROL

• CREW 1

• UP TO 16,000 lbs. MIXED ORDANCE (LGB, JDAM, GP Bombs, CBU’s, 2.75” Rockets)

• 30mm GATLING GUN – 4200 RDS / MIN

• USES PAVE PENNY LASER TO AQUIRE TARGETS AT UP TO 20 MILES


A-10(THUNDERBOLT)


F-16C/D (FIGHTING FALCON)

• CREW 1 or 2

• MULTI-ROLE AIR TO AIR, AIR TO SURFACE

• USES APG-68(V) 7 RADAR TO “SEE” TERRAIN AND ENEMY

• USES LANTIRN LASER DESIGNATOR TO ACQUIRE TARGETS OUT TO 10 MILES

• JDAM, GP Bombs, CBU, LGB’s, Maverick


F-16C/D (FIGHTING FALCON)


F-15E (STRIKE EAGLE)• CREW 2

• DESIGNED FOR GROUND ATTACK

• WEAPONS SYSTEMS OFFICER (WSO)

• USES APG-70 RADAR TO “SEE” TERRAIN AND ENEMY FROM OUT TO 100 MILES

• USES LANTIRN LASER DESIGNATOR TO AQUIRE TARGETS OUT TO 10 MILES

• JDAM, LGB’s, Maverick, GP Bombs, 20mm Cannon,


F-15E (STRIKE EAGLE)


AC-130H• SPECIALIZED CAS AIRCRAFT• FM COMMUNICATIONS• Side Firing Weapons• ONE 40mm CANNON• TWO 20mm GUNS or ONE 25mm CHAINGUN• ONE 105mm HOWITZER• Dual Target Attack Capability• ADVANCED SENSORS AND TARGET ACQUISITION

SYSTEMS– FLIR– LOW LIGHT TV

• MUST OPERATE IN LOW ADA THREAT ENVIRONMENT• Ideal in MOUT


AC-130H (SPECTRE)


TERMINAL LEARNING OBJECTIVE

• ACTION: Identify the characteristics of fire support assets and munitions that can be used on the battlefield.

• CONDITION: Given characteristics of different types of fire support assets and munitions.

• STANDARD: Identify the characteristics of fire support assets and munitions.

FIGHTING WITH FIRES. CPT Chris Wade, Room 438, 545-7835 SAFETY: NONE RISK: LOW ENVIROMENTAL: NONE EVALUATION: You must receive a GO on the CFF certification.

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