Family farming norway villarreal final

Family Farming and Food Security

Oslo October 21, 2014

Marcela Villarreal, Ph.D.

Director Partnerships, Advocacy and Capacity Development

FAO

Family Farming is predominant in all agricultural systems across the world

• Family farming has been very persistent and resilient and has remained the predominant model of farms in the world

• Over 500 million Family Farms out of 570 million farms worldwide

• The vast majority are small farms. More than 475 million farms have less than 2 hectares

3

Small Family Farms are predominant but control a small portion of agricultural land

Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations – for a world without hunger

Women operate smaller farms

Milk

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11

Malawi Madagasc

Ghana

Viet NamTajikistan Pakistan

Nepal Indonesia Banglade

Panama Nicaragua GuatemalEcuador

Bolivia

Average farm size (ha)

Male-headed households Female-headed households

0

20

40

60

80

100

<2 ha 2-5 ha 5-10 ha 10-20ha

20-50ha

>50 ha

Percentage

Land size class (ha)

Holdings

Area

Most of the world’s farmland is on large farms

Distribution of farms and farmland worldwide

#sofa2014

Farm households have many sources of income of income

0 % 20 % 40 % 60 % 80 % 100 %

4th quartile

2nd quartile

3rd quartile

1st quartile

4th quartile

2nd quartile

3rd quartile

1st quartile

4th quartile

2nd quartile

3rd quartile

1st quartile

4th quartile

2nd quartile

3rd quartile

1st quartile

Vie

tN

am

Un

ited

Rep

ub

lico

fTa

nza

ni

aN

icar

agu

aN

epal

Ken

yaEt

hio

pia

Bo

livia

Ban

gla

des

h

Average share of household income by source and farm size quartile

#sofa2014

Crop and livestock production Agricultural wages

Non-farm income Transfers and remittances

Small farms have higher yields than large farms large farms … Selected crop yields, by farm size

#sofa2014

… but they have lower labour productivity

Value of agricultural production per worker per day (constant 2009 PPP dollars)

#sofa2014

5. Contribution of FF in terms of volume produced

Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations – for a world without hunger

Family Farms produce the majority of some commodities in terms of volume produced

5. Contribution of FF in terms of volume produced

Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations – for a world without hunger

The need for innovation

•Family farms are key for world food security. The vast majority of the world’s farms are family farms •They have the potential to feed the world, but need to produce more with less resources •Innovation including technology and organization is key

•If they are enabled to innovate, they can: •increase production •preserve natural resources •raise rural incomes.

•We need an innovation system that meets the needs of family

farms

International cooperation can make research efforts more effective

Farmer-led innovation and formal research complement each other

Inclusive and participatory research can meet the needs of family farms

Central role of farmer organizations

Agricultural R&D can be made more effective

#sofa2014

0,0

0,5

1,0

1,5

2,0

2,5

3,0

3,5

1960–69 1970–79 1980–89 1990–99 2000–09

Percentage

Low-income countries

World

Many countries need to invest more in agricultural R&D

Lower-middle-income

countries

Upper-middle-income

countries

High-income countries

Agricultural research intensity by decade and income group

Sustainability and environmental preservation

Addressing crop and livestock diseases

Food security and poverty eradication

A key concern: making services available for small family farms, especially in remote areas

• but need to consider trade-offs between costs and broad delivery

Certain types of advisory services will only be provided with government initiative

#sofa2014

Capacity to innovate must be developed at different levels

Capacity development in different dimensions

The enabling environment dimension is

the broad social system in which organizations and individuals function

The organizational dimension

refers to all public, private and civil society organizations

The individual dimension relates to

all individuals in organizations and communities

#sofa2014

International Year of Family Farming Policy Dialogue : Regional Dialogues

Consensus over three characteristics of family farms:

• Diversified agricultural systems that preserve traditional food products, contributing to better diets and agro-biodiversity

• Embedded in territorial networks and local cultures, spend their incomes mostly within local and regional markets, generating many agricultural and non agricultural jobs

• Play major part in fighting hunger especially when linked to social protection policies

Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations – for a world without hunger

Main policy outcomes

• Better definitions of FF tailored to national and regional contexts

• Enabling Policy Environment for FF; • Foster Policy Dialogue with FF organizations; • Empowering Women/ Equal rights, entitlements and

opportunities • Youth/Rural Development; • Sustainable technologies for improving productivity and

reducing drudgery; • Access to Credit and Productive Resources; • Guarantee and Secure Access to Land and other Natural

Resources; • Markets access and broader share of the value chain: enhance

strong collective action

Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations – for a world without hunger

FSN FORA

• Family Farming beyond the IYFF

• Post 2015 Development Agenda

Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations – for a world without hunger

GLOBAL DIALOGUE

RD outcomes

RC outcomes

Academic

papers

GLOBAL DIALOGUE: 27-28 OCTOBER

Web-based knowledge platform on family farming

• Digitalized quality information from all over the world on family farming, including:

– national laws and regulations

– public policies

– best practices

– relevant data and statistics

– research findings, articles and publications

• Continue dialogue after 2014

Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations – for a world without hunger

Two Proposed Goals and Targets:

• Goal 2. End hunger, achieve food

security and adequate nutrition for all, and promote sustainable agriculture.

• Goal 14. Attain conservation and

sustainable use of marine resources, oceans and seas

FF and Post-2015 Development Agenda

Thank you

For more information please visit us at: http://www.fao.org/family-farming-2014/en/

[email protected]

Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations – for a world without hunger