Facts devices ppt

FACTS Flexible AC Transmission System

FACTS:Flexible AC Transmission SystemPresented by:VAIDEHI SUTHAR-2011UEE1477PRIYA SOGANI-2011UEEKULDEEP THAKURIYA-2011UEESAMYAK DUBEY-2011UEEARPITA AGRAWAL-2011UEE1686HEMANT AGARWAL-2011UEEFACTS1. POWER SYSTEMS2. FACTS definition3. FACTS controllers4. Parallel controllers5. Series controller6. Series-parallel controllers7. HVDC

POWER SYSTEM

Characteristics of TransmissionBottlenecks Steady-State Power Transfer Limit Voltage Stability Limit Transient Stability Limit Thermal Limit Short-Circuit Current LimitConventional System Solutions toenhance Transmission capability Series Capacitors (X) Switched Shunt-Capacitor and Reactor (V) Transformer LTCs (V) Phase Shifting Transformers () Synchronous Condensers (V)FACTS1. POWER SYSTEMS2. FACTS definition3. FACTS controllers4. Parallel controllers5. Series controller6. Series-parallel controllers7. HVDC

Flexible Alternating CurrentTransmission Systems (FACTS)FACTS:AC transmission systems incorporating thepower electronic-based to enhancecontrollability and increase power transfercapability.FACTS Controllers:A power electronic based system & otherstatic equipment that provide control of oneor more AC transmission parameters.Power Electronics Devices ForFACTS ControllersLine-Commutated Thyristors Electrically Triggered (ETT) Light Triggered (LTT)Self-Commutated Gate-Turn Off Thyristors (GTO) Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistors (IGBTs) Integrated Gate Commutated Thyristors (IGCTs)FACTS1. POWER SYSTEMS2. FACTS definition3. FACTS controllers4. Parallel controllers5. Series controller6. Series-parallel controllers7. HVDC

FACTS CONTROLLERSSeriesthyristor contro lledseries capacitor(TCSC)Shuntthyristor controlledreactor o r switchedcapacitor (TCR or TSC)Back-to-backconventional HVDCSeries-seriesinterline power flowcontroller(IPFC)Seriesstatic synchronousseries compensator(SSSC)Shuntstatic synchronouscompensator(STATCOM)Shunt-Seriesunified power flowcontroller(UPFC)Series-seriesinterline power flowcontroller(IPFC)Battery energystorage (BESS)SuperconductingMagnetic EnergyStorage (SMES)LINE COMMUTATEDFORCED COMMUTATED

Controllable parametersControl of the line impedancecurrent and active power controlControl of anglecurrent and active power controlSeries voltage injectionCurrent, active, and reactive power controlParallel voltage injectionCurrent, active, and reactive power controlSERIES CONTROL

PARALLEL CONTROL

FACTS1. POWER SYSTEMS2. FACTS definition3. FACTS controllers4. Parallel controllers5. Series controller6. Series-parallel controllers7. HVDC

Static VAR compensator TCR = Thyristor Controlled Reactor TSR = Thyristor Switched Reactor TSC = Thyristor Switched Capacitor MSC = Mechanically-Switched Capacitor MSR = Mechanically-Switched Reactor FC = Fixed Capacitor Harmonic FiltersThyristor Controlled Reactor (TCR)Parallel-connected static var generator orabsorber Output is adjusted to exchange capacitive orinductive current Maintain or control specific parameters of theelectrical power system(typically bus voltage). Thyristor-based Controllers Lower cost alternative to STATCOM

Thyristor Switched Capacitor (TSC)

Static Synchronous Compensator(STATCOM) Parallel-connected static var compensator Capacitive or inductive output currentcontrolled independently of the acsystem voltage

Parallel Active Power Filters(Parallel APF) Reactive power Compensation Source currents higher Harmonics compensation DC element voltage controlShunt active power filter single line diagram

FACTS1. POWER SYSTEMS2. FACTS definition3. FACTS controllers4. Parallel controllers5. Series controller6. Series-parallel controllers7. HVDC

Series Capacitors Applied For:Increasing Power TransferIncreasing Stability LimitsImproving Voltage ProfileImproving Load DivisionSeries Active Power filter (SeriesAPF) Voltage harmonics compensation Stability improvement Current harmonics blockingStatic Synchronous SeriesCompensator (SSSC) Output voltages in quadrature with, andcontrollable independently of, the line current Control the transmitted electric power. May include energy storage to enhance thedynamic behavior of the power system byadditional temporary real powercompensation, to increase or decreasemomentarily, the overall real (resistive)voltage drop across the line.Thyristor Controlled SeriesCapacitor (TCSC) Smooth control of series capacitivereactance

FACTS1. POWER SYSTEMS2. FACTS definition3. FACTS controllers4. Parallel controllers5. Series controller6. Series-parallel controllers7. HVDC

Unified Power Flow Controller(UPFC) A combination of STATCOM and SSSC coupled via a common dc link Bi-directional flow of real power between the SSSC and the STATCOM

Unified Power QualityConditioner (UPQC) Source current harmonics compensation System stability improvement Reactive power compensation Voltage harmonics compensationFACTS OR HVDCHVDC is economically attractive: over a long distance from a remote generating to the load Centre (>300 miles) underwater transmission when connecting two AC systems at two different frequencies

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