Euro3D RTN Kick-off Meeting IAC, Tenerife July 2-4, 2002

Euro3D RTN Kick-off MeetingIAC, Tenerife July 2-4, 2002

SAURONSpectrograph

CRAL(Lyon)

PMAS : 3 years experience with nod & shuffle

3D spectroscopy

Martin M. Roth, AIPNicolás Cardiel, Calar AltoJavier Cenarro, UCM

„3D - Imaging the Universe in 3 Dimensions“, Walnut Creek 1999

rebinned to PMAS IFU 10 hours @ 8m

1 % FF accuracy 3 % FF accuracy

„SDW 2002“, Waimea 2002

Introduction

Example (1) : Ca II triplet in Elliptical Galaxies

Example (2) : Planetary Nebula Haloes

Conclusions + Outlook

Outline :

Cuillandre et al. 1994, A&A 281, 603

„ Va – et – Vient “

Object

Sky

„ Va – et – Vient “Cuillandre et al. 1994, A&A 281, 603

Object

Sky

„ Va – et – Vient “Cuillandre et al. 1994, A&A 281, 603

Glazebrook & Bland-Hawthorne 2001, PASP 113, 197

Roth et al. 2002, Proc. SDW 2002 (Waimea)

Roth et al. 2005, PASP 117, 620

Refereed Publications based on PMAS in 2003:

Christensen L., Becker T., Jahnke K., Kelz A., Roth M. M., Sánchez S. F., Wisotzki L.Integral field spectroscopy of SN2002er with PMAS A&A, 401 (2003) 479

Wisotzki L., Becker T., Christensen L., Helms A., Jahnke K., Kelz A., Roth M. M., Sánchez S. F. Integral-field spectroscopy of the quadruple QSO HE 0435-1223: Evidence for microlensing A&A 408 (2003) 455

Schmoll, J., Roth, M.M., Laux, U. „Statistical Test of Optical Fibers for Use in PMAS, the Potsdam Multi-Aperture Spectrophotometer“ PASP 115 (2003), 854

2004 :

Roth, M.M., Becker, T., Kelz, A., Schmoll, J.3D Spectrophotometry of Planetary Nebulae in the Bulge of M31 ApJ 603 (2004), 531

Christensen, L., Sánchez, S. F., Jahnke, K., Becker, T., Wisotzki, L., Kelz, A., Popovic, L. C., Roth, M. M.“Integral field spectroscopy of extended Ly_alpha emission from the DLA galaxy in Q2233+131”A&A 417 (2004), 487

Wisotzki, L., Schechter, P.L., Chen, H.-W., Richstone, D., Jahnke, K., Sánchez, S.F., Reimers, D.“HE 0047-1756: A new gravitational Lensed double QSO”A&A 419 (2004), 13

Becker, T., Fabrika, S. , Roth, M.M. “Crowded Field 3D Spectroscopy”AN 325 (2004) 2, 155

Roth, M.M., Becker, T., Böhm, P., Kelz, A.“Science Verification Results from PMAS”AN 325 (2004) 2, 147

2004 (continued):

Christensen, L., Sánchez, S.F., Jahnke, K., Becker, T., Kelz, A., Wisotzki, L., Roth, M.M.“Integral Field observations of damped Lyman-a galaxies”AN 325 (2004) 2, 124 Jahnke, K., Wisotzki, L, Sánchez, S.F., Christensen, L., Becker, T., Kelz, A., Roth, M.M.“Integral field spectroscopy of QSO host galaxies”AN 325 (2004) 2, 128

Sholukhova, O., Fabrika, S., Roth, M., Becker, T. (2004), “B 416 a B[e]-SUPERGIANT in Interacting Binary?”Baltic Astronomy, 13, 156

Verheijen, M.A.W., Bershady, M.A., Andersen, D.R., Swaters, R.A., Westfall, K., Kelz, A., Roth, M.M.The Disk Mass project; science case for a new PMAS IFU moduleAN 325 (2004) 2, 151

Wisotzki, L., Becker, T., Christensen, L., Jahnke, K., Helms, A., Kelz, A., Roth, M.M., Sánchez, S.F.“Integral field spectrophotometry of gravitationally lensed QSOs with PMAS”AN 325 (2004) 2, 135

2005 :

Lehmann, I. Becker, T., Fabrika, S., Roth,M.M., Miyaji, T., Afanasief, V., Sholukhova, O., Sánchez, S.F., Greiner, J., Hasinger, G., Constantini, E., Surkov, A., Burenkov, A. “Integral field spectroscopy of the ultraluminous X-ray source Holberg II X-1”A&A, 431 (2005) 847

Christensen, L., Schulte-Ladbeck, R.E., Sanchez, S.F., Becker, T., Jahnke, K., Kelz, A., Roth, M.M., Wisotzki, L. „Abundances and kinematics of a candidate sub-damped Lyman-alpha galaxy toward PHL 1226“A&A (2005) 429 , 477

Sanchez, S.F., Becker, T., Garcia-Lorenzo, B., Benn, C.R., Christensen, L., Kelz, A., Jahnke, J., Roth, M.M. „The merging/AGN connection II. Ionization of the circumnuclear regions“ A&A 429 (2005) L21

Roth, M.M., Kelz, A., Fechner, T., Hahn, T., Bauer, S.-M.; Becker, T., Böhm, P., Christensen, L., Dionies, F., Paschke, J., Popow, E., Wolter, D., Schmoll, J., Laux, U., Altmann, W. „PMAS: The Potsdam Multi-Aperture Spectrophotometer. I. Design, Manufacture, and Performance“ PASP 117 (2005), 620

(1) 3D spectroscopy of elliptical galaxies (1) 3D spectroscopy of elliptical galaxies in the Ca II triplet regionin the Ca II triplet region

Nicolás CardielNicolás Cardiel (CAHA, Calar Alto Observatory, Spain) (CAHA, Calar Alto Observatory, Spain)

Javier CenarroJavier Cenarro (UCM, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Spain) (UCM, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Spain)

NGC 221 NGC 507

NGC 5982 NGC 6703

Ca II 8498 Ca II 8542 Ca II 8662

Dressler 1984, ApJ 286, 97

Why to use 3D Spectroscopy ?

10 4

10 3

10 2

10 1

10 0

10 -1

10 4

10 3

10 2

10 1

10 0

10 -1

2MASS 1.2 μ

sky position

16’’x16’’ FOV

Acquisition image

DSS Image

Acquisition Image

Why to use 3D Spectroscopy ?

Why to use PMAS (in Nod & Shuffle mode)?

Because the interlaced observations of target and sky is the only way to obtain a reliable sky subtraction in the near-IR (impossible with long-slit spectroscopy).

target

(x16)

sky

(x16)

galaxy+sky

sky

galaxy25

6

spec

tra

Ca1 Ca2 Ca3

HST (NICMOS) photometry of NGC 221 (Ravindranath et al. 2001)

Example: NGC 221

• First reliable CaT - gradient in an elliptical galaxy: flat !

• but : NGC221 exhibits a gradient in Mg2 !

• E galaxies are not composed of simple stellar populations complex star formation history

> 6

mag

● single spectra

● coadded spectra ( 10–30 spectra )

● sum over the whole IFU ( 256 spectra )

RUN GALAXY EXPTIME REGION

17 NGC 0221 1 x 2400 sec

3 x 2400 sec

Center

Off 36”

17 NGC 0507 3 x 2400 sec

3 x 2400 sec

Center

Off 16”

17 NGC 5982 2 x 2400 sec

2 x 2400 sec

Center

Off 16”

17 NGC 6703 3 x 2400 sec

5 x 2400 sec

Center

Off 16”

17 NGC 7332 1 x 2400 sec Center

20 NGC 0777 3 x 2400 sec Center

20 NGC 2778 6 x 2400 sec Center

20 NGC 2329 13 x 2400 sec Center

20 NGC 4415 9 x 2400 sec Center

39 NGC 4365 4 x 2400 sec Center

39 NGC 5813 5 x 2400 sec Center

Three observing runs:

Run #17: 14–20 Aug 2003

Run #20: 09–14 Jan 2004

Run #39: 29 Apr–03 May 2005

Ongoing project: still finishing the reduction and starting the analysis phase…

(2) Haloes of Planetary Nebulae as fossil records of AGB mass loss history

Martin Roth (AIP)Detlef Schönberner (AIP)Matthias Steffen (AIP)Ana Monreal Ibero (AIP)Andreas Kelz (AIP)

10-1

5 erg

/cm

-2/s

-1/Å

-1

Å

(2) Haloes of Planetary Nebulae as fossil records of AGB mass loss history

ne

Te

Guerrero et al. 1997

(2) Haloes of Planetary Nebulae as fossil records of AGB mass loss history

H map

single spaxel (V600, 1800 s)single spaxel (V600, 1800 s)

NGC 6720 PMAS guider image

V1200, 300 s

[O II] map

1 x 1, background subtracted3 x 3, background subtracted16 x 16, background subtracted

NGC 6720 PMAS guider image

V1200, 1200 s

Conventional sky subtraction :

„Nod & Shuffle“ sky subtraction :

[ O II ]

[ O III 4363 ]

Hg sky line :

Conventional sky subtraction :

H γ

„Nod & Shuffle“ sky subtraction :

[ O III 4363 ]

Hg sky line :

H γ

Radial intensity profile in H

inner halo

Shell

outer halo

Radial density profile from Abel inversion

Radial emissivity profile in H

inner halo

Shell

outer halo

inner halo: ne ~ r-1.5 ?

[OII 3729]/[OII 3727] ~ 1

RUN PN EXPTIME REGION

23 NGC 2022 5 x 300 sec

1x 2400 sec

1x 2400 sec

Center

T1

T2

23 NGC 3242 9 x 300 sec

1 x 2400 sec

1 x 2400 sec

Center

T1

T2

23 NGC 3587 7 x 2400 sec

2 x 2400 sec

T2-T8

Off 16”

23 IC 3568 1 x 2400 sec

3 x 2400 sec

T0

T1

23 NGC 6543 9 x 300 sec Center

27 NGC 6720 2 x 300 sec

5 x 2400 sec

T3,T4

T5-T7

28 NGC 6720 3 x 2400 sec T5-T7Three observing runs:

Run #23: Feb 2003

Run #27: Aug 2004

Run #28: Aug 2004 (backup)

Ongoing project:

… more data expected in September 2005

Conclusions

• interlaced NODS 3D spectroscopy works

• random noise sky subtraction, no systematic residuals

• no MIRACLES : NODS does not beat the shot noise !

• significant overhead penality

• at CAHA 3.5m, specifically: not applicable to point sources

• opens opportunities for going faint in bright/grey time

• think of ELTs : using less than ideal obs condx. !

new 1 arcmin FOV PPAK IFU for PMAS:

65‘‘

75‘‘

MUSE

2nd Generation VLT Instrumentation