Ethi mini1 - ethical hacking

Submitted by: Md. Khaja Pasha

Hacking is unauthorized use of computer and network resources. (The term "hacker" originally meant a very gifted programmer. In recent years though, with easier access to multiple systems, it now has negative implications.)

Script Kiddies or Cyber-Punks: Between age 12-30; bored in school; get caught due to bragging online .

Professional Criminals or Crackers: Make a living by breaking into systems and selling the information.

Coders and Virus Writers: These have strong programming background and write code but won’t use it themselves; have their own networks called “zoos”; leave it to others to release their code into “The Wild” or Internet.

A few examples of Web application hacks File Query Browser caching Cookie and URL hacks SQL Injection Cross-site Scripting (# 1 threat today!)

A hacker tests for HTTP (80) or HTTPS (443)

Does a “View Source” on HTML file to detect directory hierarchy

Can view sensitive information left by system administrators or programmers Database passwords in /include files

Be aware of differences between browsers!

Pages with sensitive data should not be cached: page content is easily accessed using browser’s history

Sensitive data in cookies and URLs? Issues that arise are:

Information is stored on a local computer (as files or in the browser’s history)

Unencrypted data can be intercepted on the network and/or logged into unprotected web log files

SQL injection is a security vulnerability that occurs in the database layer of an application. Its source is the incorrect escaping of dynamically-generated string literals embedded in SQL statements.

Malicious code can secretly gather sensitive data from user while using authentic website (login, password, cookie)

Ethical hacking – defined “methodology adopted by ethical hackers to discover the harmed existing in information systems’ of operating environments.”

With the growth of the Internet, computer security has become a major concern for businesses and governments.

In their search for a way to approach the problem, organizations came to realize that one of the best ways to evaluate the unwanted threat to their interests would be to have independent computer security professionals attempt to break into their computer systems.

“One of the best ways to evaluate the intruder threat is to have an independent computer security professionals attempt to break their computer systems”

Successful ethical hackers possess a variety of skills. First and foremost, they must be completely trustworthy.

Ethical hackers typically have very strong programming and computer networking skills.

They are also adept at installing and maintaining systems that use the more popular operating systems (e.g., Linux or Windows 2000) used on target systems.

These base skills are detailed knowledge of the hardware and software provided by the more popular computer and networking hardware vendors.

An ethical hacker’s evaluation of a system’s security seeks answers to these basic questions: What can an intruder see on the target systems? What can an intruder do with that information? Does anyone at the target notice the intruder’s at

tempts or successes? What are you trying to protect? What are you trying to protect against? How much time, effort, and money are you willing

to expend to obtain adequate protection?

Routers: knowledge of routers, routing protocols, and access control lists

Microsoft: skills in operation, configuration and management.

Linux: knowledge of Linux/Unix; security setting, configuration, and services.

Firewalls: configurations, and operation of intrusion detection systems.

Mainframes : knowledge of mainframes . Network Protocols: TCP/IP; how they function and can be

manipulated. Project Management: knowledge of leading, planning,

organizing, and controlling a penetration testing team.

Hacker classes Black hats – highly skilled, malicious, destructive “crackers” White hats – skills used for defensive security analysts Gray hats – offensively and defensively; will hack for different reasons, depends on situation.

Hactivism – hacking for social and political cause. Ethical hackers – determine what attackers can gain

access to, what they will do with the information, and can they be detected.

Simple User Password :-simply boot the System and

press keyboard key “F8”. After this start the system in safe made .And open the Control panel-->User Accountchange or remove the password.

Any Questions???Or

suggestions???