Ephemeroptera - Mayflies...Ephemeroptera - Mayflies • Three pairs of legs • Single tarsal claw • Usually 3 (occasionally 2) tails • Sides of abdomen with platelikeplatelike,

EphemeropteraEphemeroptera -- MayfliesMayfliesEphemeropteraEphemeroptera MayfliesMayflies•• Three pairs of legsThree pairs of legs

•• Single tarsal clawSingle tarsal claw

•• Usually 3 (occasionally 2) Usually 3 (occasionally 2) tailstailstailstails

•• Sides of abdomen with Sides of abdomen with platelikeplatelike, featherlike, or , featherlike, or leaflikeleaflike gillsgillsleaflikeleaflike gillsgills

•• Developing Developing wingpadswingpads

PlecopteraPlecoptera -- StonefliesStoneflies•• Three pairs of legsThree pairs of legs

•• Double tarsal clawDouble tarsal claw

•• Always 2 tailsAlways 2 tails

•• Various gill types but Various gill types but never petalnever petal--likelike

•• Never with gills on Never with gills on •• Never with gills on Never with gills on middle abdominal middle abdominal segmentssegments

•• Developing Developing wingpadswingpads

TrichopteraTrichoptera –– CaddisfliesCaddisfliesTrichopteraTrichoptera CaddisfliesCaddisflies•• Three pairs of legsThree pairs of legs

Five Different EcologicalFive Different Ecological•• Two anal Two anal prolegsprolegs but but

never long terminal never long terminal filamentsfilaments

Various gill types but Various gill types but

ClassificationsClassifications

1.1. Free living formsFree living formsSaddleSaddle case makerscase makers•• Various gill types but Various gill types but

never petalnever petal--likelike

•• Fleshy abdominal Fleshy abdominal segmentssegments

2.2. SaddleSaddle--case makerscase makers3.3. PursePurse--case makerscase makers4.4. TubeTube--case makerscase makers55 NetNet--spinners/ Retreat spinners/ Retreat gg

•• Antennae very short Antennae very short and inconspicuousand inconspicuous

5.5. NetNet spinners/ Retreat spinners/ Retreat makersmakers

DipteraDiptera –– True FliesTrue Flies•• Thorax without segmented legsThorax without segmented legs

•• May have May have prolegsprolegs or or pseudopodspseudopods

•• Maggot like and FleshyMaggot like and Fleshy

•• Sometimes with visible head and Sometimes with visible head and sometimes with retractile headsometimes with retractile head

OdonataOdonata –– Suborder Suborder ZygopteraZygoptera ––D lfliD lfliDamselfliesDamselflies

Three feather-like terminal processes •Three pairs of legsThree feather like terminal processes Three pairs of legs•Developing wingpads•Typically more slender than dragonfliesCh t i ti th t ith •Characteristic mouthparts with lower “jaw” forming an elbowed grasping organ (prementum)

Prementum

OdonataOdonata –– Suborder Suborder AnisopteraAnisoptera --D fliD fliDragonfliesDragonflies

•Three pairs of legs•Developing wingpads•Typically more robust •Typically more robust than damselflies•Characteristic mouthparts with lower “jaw” forming an elbowed grasping organ

Prementum

an elbowed grasping organ (prementum)•Prementum may be flat or spoon-shaped

Anal pyramid (no featherlike processes)

ColeopteraColeoptera -- BeetlesBeetlesColeopteraColeoptera BeetlesBeetlesAll adults with

hardened forewings

•• Chewing mouthpartsChewing mouthparts

•• Larvae are highly variable Larvae are highly variable typically with hardened typically with hardened abdominal segment and abdominal segment and segmented legssegmented legssegmented legssegmented legs

•• Terminus variable possibly Terminus variable possibly with filaments, with filaments, prolegsprolegs, , h k h i M h h k h i M h hooks, or hairs. May have no hooks, or hairs. May have no terminal features.terminal features.

MegalopteraMegaloptera –– HelgrammitesHelgrammites, , Fi hfliFi hfli d Ald flid Ald fliFishfliesFishflies, and Alderflies, and Alderflies

May or may not have •May or may not have abdominal gills

•Three pairs of legs

Aggressive Mouthparts

p g

Large hooks on anal prolegs or single long filament in Alderflies

Fleshy abdominal projections

Alderflies

HemipteraHemiptera -- WaterbugsWaterbugs•Various forms all with tube-shaped sucking mouthparts

•Freeliving

•Two tarsal claws

Hydrometridae – water scorpion Belostomatidae

HydrometridaeCorixidae – water boatman

Notonectidae – back swimmer

Hydrometridae

Notonectidae – back swimmer

Belostomatidae – giant waterbug Notonectidae

Corixidae

AmphipodaAmphipoda -- ScudsScudsAmphipodaAmphipoda ScudsScuds•Shrimp-like•Body laterally compressed•Two pairs of long antennae•Seven pairs of legs•May or may not have eye spotsMay or may not have eye spots

IsopodaIsopoda -- SowbugsSowbugsIsopoda Isopoda SowbugsSowbugs•Six or seven pairs of legs

•Dorsoventrally depressed, segmented body

•Abdominal segments fused •Abdominal segments fused into a relatively short area

Thorax

Abdominal Area

DecapodaDecapoda -- CrayfishCrayfishDecapodaDecapoda CrayfishCrayfish

Invasive VA crayfish (Orconectes virilis) onInvasive VA crayfish (Orconectes virilis) on left of Native VA crayfish (Cambarus sp.)

Phylum: Phylum: MolluscaMollusca -- Snails and Snails and ClamsClams

Cl G t d Cl Bi l iClass: Gastropoda Class: Bivalvia

Class: Class: OligochaetaOligochaeta –– Aquatic Aquatic WormsWorms

(Horsehair worm)

If the worm is dead upon collection, it is likely a drowned terrestrial earthworm.Aquatic earthworms look very similar very similar.

Class:Class: HirudineaHirudinea -- LeechesLeechesClass: Class: HirudineaHirudinea LeechesLeeches•Body fleshy

Posterior sucker

Oral sucker