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Weston Solutions, Inc. Suite 100 45 Constitution Avenue Concord,
New Hampshire 03301 603-656-5400 Fax 656-5401
www.westonsolutions.com
M E M O R A N D U M
TO: Dean Tagliaferro, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Susan
Svirsky, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
FROM: Michael Argue, Weston Solutions, Inc.
DATE: 11 January 2012
RE: GE Pittsfield/Housatonic River Project; Task Order 4 W.O.
No. 20504.246.098 2011 Phase 4C Floodplain Property Vernal Pool
Monitoring Summary DCN: HR-011112-AAPZ
Introduction
On 14 April 2011, the General Electric Company (GE) conducted a
post-remediation inspection of the vernal pool on Parcel I6-1-106,
located within the Phase 4C Non-Residential Floodplain Properties
Remedial Action Area. Stantec Consulting Services, Inc. (Stantec)
and Weston Solutions, Inc. (Weston) oversaw this inspection on
behalf of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), and the
Massachusetts Department of Environmental Protection (MA DEP) was
also in attendance. As specified in GE’s 6 April 2010 Final
Completion Report for Removal Action for Housatonic River
Floodplain – Non-Residential Properties (FCR), the purpose of the
vernal pool inspection was to “document (via the Obligate Species
Method, as defined by the Massachusetts Division of Fisheries &
Wildlife’s Natural Heritage & Endangered Species Program
[NHESP] in its Guidelines for the Certification of Vernal Pool
Habitat [March 2009]) acceptable breeding evidence for those
vertebrate and invertebrate species that rely on vernal pools for
all or a portion of their life cycle and are unable to successfully
complete their life cycle without vernal pools”. Stantec conducted
a follow-up inspection of the vernal pool on 9 June 2011 under
Weston oversight, and Weston conducted multiple additional visits
to the vernal pool between early April and late July 2011 to track
the physical and biological characteristics of the pool.
Background
Vernal pools are ephemeral fresh-water wetlands which do not
hold water permanently and are free of breeding populations of fish
(Kenney and Burne, 2009). The NHESP Guidelines for the
Certification of Vernal Poll Habitat (NHESP Guidelines) indicate
that, while some vernal pools may be filled by spring rains and
snowmelt, and then dry out during the summer, many vernal pools are
filled by autumn rains and persist throughout the winter, and
others are semi-permanent
http:www.westonsolutions.com
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Dean Tagliaferro Susan Svirsky U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency - 2 - 11 January 2012
and do not dry out each year (see Attachment A – NHESP
Guidelines for the Certification of Vernal Pool Habitat). Numerous
vertebrate and invertebrate species have evolved adaptive
strategies through which, for a portion of their life cycles, they
benefit from the exploitation of ephemeral wetlands devoid of fish
and associated predation. Some of these species, referred to as
“obligate” or “direct indicator” species, are completely dependent
on ephemeral wetlands for parts of their life cycles (Kenney and
Burne, 2009).
In accordance with the FCR, GE conducted post-remediation
inspections of the vernal pool at Parcel I6-1-106 (the vernal pool)
using the Obligate Species Method as defined in the NHESP
Guidelines. This method requires that specific physical and
biological criteria be documented. The required physical
characteristics are that the pool holds water, and has no
permanently-flowing outlet. The required biological criteria
include the presence of fairy shrimp (Eubranchipus sp.), or
breeding evidence of obligate vertebrate species, including any of
the following amphibians: the wood frog (Rana sylvatica), the
spotted salamander (Ambystoma maculatum), the blue-spotted
salamander (Ambystoma laterale), the Jefferson salamander
(Ambystoma jeffersonianum), or the marbled salamander (Ambystoma
opacum). Acceptable breeding evidence for the wood frog includes
any of the following: (1) a full breeding chorus, with calls
“constant, continuous and overlapping”, (2) five or more mated
pairs, (3) five or more egg masses (this number may include
obligate salamander egg masses), (4) any number of larvae, or (5)
transforming juveniles in the pool with tail remnants. Acceptable
breeding evidence for obligate salamander species includes any of
the following: (1) adult salamanders congressing, (2)
spermatophores, (3) a marbled salamander attending a nest, (4) a
total of five egg masses, regardless of species (including the wood
frog), (5) one egg mass of blue-spotted or Jeffersonian salamander,
(6) any number of larvae, or (7) transforming juveniles in the pool
with gill remnants. (Note that the blue-spotted, Jeffersonian and
marbled salamanders are all designated as Massachusetts Species of
Special Concern).
Inspection Results
GE’s 11 May 2011 Summary of April 2011 Inspection of Vernal Pool
at Group 4C Floodplain Properties (GE Summary) documents the final
required GE post-remediation inspection of the vernal pool, which
was conducted on GE’s behalf by AECOM. Previous GE post-remediation
inspections of the vernal pool were conducted on 22 April 2009 and
8 April 2010. The GE Summary documented the presence of fairy
shrimp (Eubranchipus vernalis), which is an obligate invertebrate
species, and approximately 100 wood frog egg masses, which is
breeding evidence of an obligate vertebrate species. These
observations satisfy the biological criteria for vernal pools
specified by the Obligate Species Method. The GE Summary does not
indicate whether the physical characteristics of the vernal pool
meet the physical criteria specified in the Obligate Species Method
(i.e.: the lack of a permanently-flowing outlet).
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Dean Tagliaferro Susan Svirsky U.S. Environmental Protection
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Stantec oversaw GE’s 11 April inspection, and conducted a
follow-up inspection on 9 June. Stantec’s Final 2011 4C Floodplain
Vernal Pool Monitoring Summary, dated 20 June 2011 (Stantec
Summary), verified the findings documented in the GE Summary, and
provided additional information regarding the physical
characteristics of the vernal pool, the range of invertebrate and
vertebrate species that were observed at the pool, and a discussion
about these observations (see Attachment B – Stantec Vernal Pool
Monitoring Summary).
In its discussion of the results of the 11 April survey, the
Stantec Summary notes that, in addition to fairy shrimp, multiple
other macroinvertebrates were observed within the vernal pool,
including daphnia (class Branchiopoda), mosquito larvae (family
Culicidae), fingernail clams (class Bivalvia), water striders
(family Gerridae), mayflies (order Ephemeroptera), backswimmers
(family Notonectidae), caddisflies (order Trichoptera), and others.
Additionally, Stantec notes that the presence of fairy shrimp
(which were absent during the 2010 survey), and the absence of
green frog tadpoles (Rana clamitans melanota) (which were present
during the 2010 survey), suggests that the vernal pool dried out
during 2010. Photographic evidence that the pool dried out in 2010
is provided in Attachment C (see Attachment C – Photodocumentation
Log).
In its discussion of the follow-up survey conducted on 9 June,
the Stantec Summary notes that an abundance of wood frog tadpoles,
estimated to number over 1,000, were observed within the vernal
pool, and that most tadpoles captured during the inspection had
developing hind legs and some had developing front legs. Stantec
noted that approximately eight adult green frogs were observed
along the margins of the pool, with a small number of recurring
advertisement calls being heard, and that one green frog egg mass
was identified. Stantec also noted the presence of numerous
additional macroinvertebrates that were not identified in its
discussion of the 11 April survey, including predaceous diving
beetle larvae and adults (order Coleoptera), damselfly larvae
(suborder Zygoptera), dragonfly larvae (suborder Anisoptera),
chironomid midges (family Chironomidae), phantom midges (family
Chaoboridae), planorbid snails (class Gastropoda), and others. The
discussion notes that fairy shrimp appeared to be absent during the
follow-up survey, but indicates that this is not atypical, and
could be attributable to the relatively short life span of fairy
shrimp (approximately 16 days), or other factors.
In its discussion of inspection results and their relationship
to restoration requirements, the Stantec Summary indicates that the
vernal pool meets the Obligate Species Method physical criterion of
not having a permanently-flowing outlet, and the biological
criteria of containing fairy shrimp and greater than five wood frog
egg masses. Stantec concludes that the vernal pool appears to
qualify for certification under the criteria established in the
NHESP Guidelines.
Weston conducted 11 inspections of the vernal pool between early
April and late July 2011. The following is a discussion of Weston’s
observations.
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Dean Tagliaferro Susan Svirsky U.S. Environmental Protection
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8 April 2011: On its approach to the vernal pool for the first
visit of the year, Weston captured approximately 90 seconds of
audio of a breeding chorus of adult wood frogs. As Weston came into
view of the pool, the chorus stopped. During this visit, Weston
observed numerous fairy shrimp in several portions of the pool, and
approximately 51 wood frog egg masses in the shallows along the
northwestern edge of the pool. A snapping turtle (Chelydra
serpentina) with a shell measuring approximately 10 inches from
front to back was also observed within the pool. Weston captured
video of the fairy shrimp and wood frog egg masses, which it has on
file, along with the audio of the breeding chorus. Representative
photographs of the wood frog egg masses taken during this visit are
included in Attachment C.
14 April 2011: AECOM members Dennis Lowry and Scott Egan
conducted an inspection of the vernal pool in accordance with the
FCR, as described above. Oversight of this inspection was conducted
by Kevin Mooney (GE), Todd Chadwell (Stantec), Mike Argue (Weston),
and Mike Backunas (MA DEP). No evidence of green frog tadpoles
(which predate upon wood frog larvae) was observed by any of the
attendees of this inspection. As noted above, approximately 100
wood frog egg masses, and numerous fairy shrimp were observed
during this inspection. Weston recorded video of the fairy shrimp,
and photodocumented the fairy shrimp and wood frog egg masses.
27 April 2011: Weston conducted an inspection of the vernal pool
and captured approximately 4 minutes of video in two locations
along the northwestern edge of the pool. Each video sequence was
recorded looking straight downward into the water column at close
range (showing approximately 1 square foot of the pool’s surface
area), and recorded abundant wood frog tadpoles and fairy shrimp
that swam within the camera’s field of view.
25 May 2011: Weston member Mike Argue and Arcadis member Paul
Filippetti visited the vernal pool during a post-removal site
control inspection at the Phase 4C Floodplain Properties, and
observed a dense and widespread congregation of wood frog tadpoles,
estimated by Argue to number into the thousands, in warm sunlit
shallows at the western corner of the pool. Photodocumentation
collected during this visit clearly shows the characteristic gold
flecking along the sides of the tadpoles.
27 May 2011: Weston conducted an inspection of the vernal pool
and observed/ photodocumented abundant wood frog tadpoles,
estimated to number into the thousands, evenly distributed close to
the surface in sunlit portions of the pool. Photodocumentation
showed that the tadpoles were beginning to develop hind legs. A
snapping turtle was also observed within the pool and
photodocumented during this visit.
3 June 2011: Weston visited the vernal pool and captured
approximately 50 wood frog tadpoles to assess their stage of
development and for photodocumentation purposes. Most of the
tadpoles that were captured had hind legs developing, and many of
these were well-developed. The
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Dean Tagliaferro Susan Svirsky U.S. Environmental Protection
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photodocumentation of the pool itself shows abundant tadpoles in
sunlit waters near the surface of the pool.
9 June 2011: Stantec representative Eric Ford conducted a
follow-up inspection of the vernal pool with oversight by Weston
representative Mike Argue, as discussed above.
20 June 2011: Weston visited the vernal pool and captured video
and photographs of numerous wood frog larvae near metamorphosis in
shallow sunlit water. These larvae were beginning to take on the
look of adults, with front and hind legs, well-defined dorsolateral
ridges, and recognizable bony head structure. Additionally,
approximately 12 fully-metamorphosed juvenile wood frogs were
observed partially emerged from the pool and among the vegetation
beyond the margins of the pool.
12 July 2011: Weston visited the vernal pool and observed
approximately 35 juvenile wood frogs among the vegetation around
the margins of the pool. Six individuals were captured and placed
into a container for photodocumentation. No wood frog larvae could
be seen in the vernal pool, apparently indicating that the majority
of the larvae had completed their metamorphosis and migrated to the
surrounding upland habitat.
19 July 2011: Weston member Mike Argue, EPA Project Manager Dean
Tagliaferro, and U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service representative Ken
Munney conducted a brief visit to the vernal pool (less than 5
minutes) and observed approximately seven juvenile wood frogs near
the western corner of the pool.
28 July 2011: Weston visited the vernal pool and observed four
juvenile wood frogs in the immediate vicinity of the pool. One of
these individuals was photographed. Numerous adult green frogs were
observed around the margins of the pool, and several tadpoles, most
likely green frog larvae, were observed within the pool.
Conclusion
The GE Summary documented that the vernal pool meets the
biological criteria for certification specified in the Obligate
Species Method, as defined in the NHESP Guidelines. The Stantec
Summary documented that the vernal pool meets both the biological
and physical criteria specified in the Obligate Species Method, and
concludes that the pool appears to qualify for certification under
the criteria established in the NHESP Guidelines. Weston’s
inspections of the vernal pool documented the presence of fairy
shrimp, a full breeding chorus of wood frogs, approximately 100
wood frog egg masses, wood frog tadpoles estimated to number into
the thousands, and transforming juveniles in the pool with tail
remnants, any one of which satisfies the biological criteria for
vernal pool certification under the Obligate Species Method.
Weston
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Dean Tagliaferro Susan Svirsky U.S. Environmental Protection
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also observed numerous juvenile wood frogs in the immediate
vicinity of the vernal pool on several occasions. Finally, Weston
concurs with Stantec’s observation that the vernal pool lacks a
permanently-flowing outlet.
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Dean Tagliaferro Susan Svirsky U.S. Environmental Protection
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References
Kenney, L. P. and Burne, M. R. 2009. A Field Guide to the
Animals of Vernal Pools. Produced by Natural Heritage and
Endangered Species Program, Massachusetts Division of Fisheries
& Wildlife, Route 135, Westborough, MA, 01581, and Vernal Pool
Association, P.O. Box 2295, Peabody, MA, 01960.
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Attachment A
NHESP Guidelines for the Certification of Vernal Pool
Habitat
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Commonwealth of Massachusetts
Diwi.ion 01 fi.helrie. & Wildlile Wayne F. MacCallum,
Director March 2009
Natural Heritage & Endangered Species Program's
quUfefinesfor tfie Certification ofo/ema{CPoo{Jfa6itat
Table ofContents:
Section I. - NHESP Vernal Pool Fact Sheet
Section II. - NHESP Celtification Criteria & Documentation
Requirements
Section III. - NHESP Vernal Pool Field Observation Form
Background Information
The NHESP& Vernal Pool Certification: The goal of the
Natural Heritage & Endangered Species Program (NHESP) is to
protect the state's native biological diversity with its highest
priority being the protection of the state's roughly 435 native
veltebrate, invertebrate, and plant species officially listed as
Endangered, Threatened, or of Special Concern under the
Massachusetts Endangered Species Act (M.O.L. c. 131A and
implementing regulations 321 CMR 10.00).
The NHESP also administers the state's official vernal pool
certification program. NHESP staff does not routinely survey and
monitor vernal pools outside of rare species work and special
vernal pool projects, but accepts celtain biological and physical
documentation submitted by outside scientists, resource managers,
and other interested individuals and organizations as the basis for
the possible certification of vernal pool habitat.
Why were the Guidelines/or the Certification o/Vemal Pool
Habitat Revised in 2009? Revisions to the Guidelines are designed
to ensure consistency between the NHESP certification criteria and
the biological andphysical criteria of 'vernal pool habitat' in the
WPA regulations (310 CMR 10.04, 10.57(1)(a)(3), 10.57(1)(b)(4), and
10.58(1)). The Guidelines have been modified to increase the
confidence that pools that become certified provide essential
breeding habitat for certain amphibians that require vernal pools.
This is necessary, for example, because facultative vernal pool
species use a variety of temporary and permanent wetlands and are
not always reliable indicators of hydroperiod (two months
inundation) or vernal pool habitat. The revised Guidelines address
this by reducing the number of facultative species that can be used
for celtification. In addition, they enhance the requirements for
documenting the physical and biological characteristics ofa vernal
pool (see sections II. and III. for specific changes). Overall, the
revised Guidelines contribute to the defensible certification of
vernal pool habitat in the variety ofwetlands where they, in fact,
occur.
www.nhesp.org
Natural Heritage & Endangered Species Program 1 Rabbit Hill
Road. Westborough, MA 01581 Tel: (508) 389·6360 Fax: (508)
389·7891
Help Save Endangered Wildlife!
Contribute to the Natural Heritage & Eudangel'cd Species
Fund.
http:www.nhesp.org
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Commonwealth of Massachusetts
Diwi_ion of
fi_hewie_ & Vii
Wayne F. MacCallum, Director March 2009
:NJI!ESp quUfefinesfor tlie Certification ofo/erna{poorJ{a6itat
I. VERNAL POOL FACT SHEET
What Are Vernal Pools?
Vernal pools are temporaty bodies of fresh water that provide
important habitat for many vertebrate and invertebrate species.
"Vernal" means spring, and indeed, many vernal pools are filled by
spring rains and snowmelt, and then dlY during the summer. However,
many vernal pools are filled by autumn rains (i.e., "autumnal
pools") and persist through the winter and others are
semi-permanent and do not dly evelY year. Vernal pools are quite
often velY small and shallow; vernal pools that SUppOlt rich
communities of vertebrate and invertebrate animals may measure only
a few yards across. However, vema I pools of several acres also
occur throughout Massachusetts.
Where Are Vernal Pools Found?
Vernal pools are common in Massachusetts and occur in almost
every town in the state. Vernal pools are found across the
landscape where small woodland depressions, swales, 01' kettle
holes collect spring runoff or intercept seasonally high
groundwater tables. Although many people associate vernal pools
with dlY woodland areas, vernal pools also occur in meadows, river
floodplains, interdunal swales, and large vegetated wetland
complexes. Vemal pool habitat can occur where water is contained
for more than two months in the spring and summer of most years and
where no reproducing fish populations are present.
Why Are Vernal Pools Valuable?
Vernal pools constitute a unique and increasingly vulnerable
type of wetland. Vernal pools are inhabited by many species of
wildlife, some of which are totally dependent on vernal pools for
their survival. Vernal pools do not support fish because they dry
out annually 01' at least periodically. Some may contain water year
round, but are free of fish as a result of significant drawdowns
that result in
Some state·listed species that may be found in vernal pools:
Species Status' Marbled salamander (Ambystoma opaoum) T
Blue-SPOiled salamander (A. laterale) SC Jefferson salamander (A.
jeffersonianum) SC Eastern spadefoot toad (Scaphiopus holbroookil)
T Blandina's turtle (Emvdoidea blandinail) T Wood turtle (Glvptemvs
insculp/a) SC IStafus pursuant to the MA Endangered Species Act T -
Threatened; SC - Special Concern.
extremely low dissolved oxygen levels. The wood frog (Lllhobotes
sylvollcus) and the four local specIes of mole salamander
(Ambys/omo spp.) have evolved breeding strategies intolerant of
fish predation on their eggs and larvae; the lack of established
reproducing fish popUlations is essential to the breeding success
of these species.
Other amphibian species, including the American toad (Anoxyrlls
omericonlls), spring peeper (Pseudacris crucifer), and gray
treefrog (Hyla verSicolor), often exploit the fish-free waters
ofvernal pools but use a variety of different wetland types. Vemal
pools also support rich and diverse invertebrate faunas. Some
Natural Heritage & Endangered Species Program I Rabbit Hill
Road, Westborough, MA 01581 Tel: (508) 389-6360 Fax: (508)
389-7891
W'ww.nhesp.org
Help Save Endangered Wildlife!
Contribute to the Natural Heritage & Eudangered Species
Fund.
http:W'ww.nhesp.org
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I. Vernal Pool Fact Sheet ~ Alarch 2009 - Page 1.2
inveltebrates, such as the fairy shrimp (Eubranchipus spp.), are
also dependent upon vernal pools. Invertebrates are both impOitant
predators and prey in vernal pool ecosystems. Vernal pools are an
impOitant habitat resource for many birds, mammals, reptiles and
amphibians, including many species listed under the MA Endangered
Species Act (M.G.L c.13IA).
Vernal Pool Protection
Vernal pools became eligible for protection when the
Massachusetts Wetlands Protection Act regulations (WPA) (310 CMR
10.00) were revised in 1987 to include 'wildlife habitat' as an
interest protected under the WPA. Vernal pools became protected not
as a specific wetland type, but rather a wetland function that
provides important 'wildlife habitat'. In accordance with the WPA,
vernal pools are presumed present in jurisdictional wetland
'Resource Areas' only when mapped and certified by the Natural
Heritage & Endangered Species Program (NHESP). Thus, the vernal
pool celtification program was established to register the
locations of all vernal pools, regardless of jurisdiction, that
meet the biological and physical features of 'Vernal Pool Habitat'
in the WPA; i.e., those that provide essential breeding habitat for
certain amphibians that require vernal pools (310 CMR 10.04,
10.57(1)(a)(3), 1O.57(1)(b)(4), and 10.58(1». Although the NHESP
celtifies vernal pool habitat, local conservation commissions and
the Massachusetts Oepaltment of Environmental Protection (OEP) are
responsible for the regulatory protection of vernal pools.
Other regulations have subsequently incorporated protections for
certified vernal pools including: the Massachusetts Surface Water
Quality Standards (314 CMR 4.00), Massachusetts Euvironmental Code:
Title 5 (310 CMR 15.00), Massachusetts Forest Cutting Practices Act
Regulations (304 CMR 11.00), Massachusetts 401 Water Quality
Certification Regulations (314 CMR 9.00), and some local wetland
bylaws. These regulations extend protections to many certified
vernal pools (CVPs) that may not be jurisdictional under the WPA.
In addition, the WPA and Forest Cutting Practices Act regulations
also provide protection to vernal pools that have not been
celtified if their occurrence is adequately documented during
permit review.
The Massachusetts Wetlands Protection Act Regulations (310 CMR
10.00) protect celtified vernal pools and lip to 100 feet beyond
the pool boundaty by preventing alterations which would result in
impairment of the wildlife habitat function of the CVP. In order to
receive protection through the WPA, however, CVPs must occur within
a jurisdictional wetland 'Resource Area'. If in a 'Resource Area',
protection extends to the CVP itself, as well as to the pOition of
the 100-foot zone surrounding the CVP (referred to as 'Vernal Pool
Habitat') that is within a Resource Area. WPA protection of 'Vernal
Pool Habitat' does not extend into non-jurisdictional upland or the
buffer zone of a resource area. In summaty, conservation
commissions are empowered to prevent the impairment of the capacity
of Vernal Pool Habitat to function as wildlife habitat.
Vernal pools that are not certified may also be protected by
local conservation commissions or the DEP if credible scientific
evidence is presented prior to the end of the appeals period for a
Superseding Order of Conditions (OOC) issued by the DEP. A
conservation commission, or the DEP on appeal, can incorporate
protective conditions into an OOC that would prevent the impairment
of the wildlife habitat value of the pool and its 100 foot 'Vernal
Pool Habitat' if the pool is not celtified.
The WPA is administered by local conservation commissions under
the jurisdiction of the DEP, either of which should be contacted
for all questions related to the regulatory protection of certified
and potential vernal pools.
Each DEP Regional Office has VemaI Pool Liaison(s) who can be
contacted at these locations: NORTHEAST REGIONAL SOUTHEAST REGIONAL
CENTRAL REGIONAL WESTERN REGIONAL OFFICE OFFICE OFFICE OFFICE
Wayne Lozzi Daniel Gilmore OR Jennifer Gensel Karen Hirschberg
OR 2038 Lowell Street Christopher Ross 627 Main Street Tim McKenna
Wilmington, MA 01887 20 Riverside Drive Worcester, MA 01608 436
Dwight Street (978) 694-3200 Lakeville, MA 02347 (508) 792-7650
Springfield, MA 01103
(508) 946-2700 (413) 748-1100
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1. Vernal Pool Fact Sheel- Alarch 2009 - Page 1.3
The Massachusetts Surface Water Quality Standards (SWQS) (314
CMR 4.00), administered by the DEP, implement Section 401 of the
federal Clean Water Act at the state level. When a project proposes
discharges of solid or liquid fill in a wetland under federal
jurisdiction, a permit must be obtained from the Army Corps of
Engineers. In accordance with the SWQS, the project proponent must
first obtain a Water Quality Certification from the DEP, under the
Massachusetts 401 Water Quality Certification Regulations (314 CMR
9.00), that states that the discharge complies with the federal
Clean Water Act. The SWQS c1assiry CVPs as Outstanding Resource
Waters (OR W) for which no new or increased discharge of
pollutants, including solid fill or storm water, is allowed, and
any existing discharge must cease, or be treated with the highest
and best practical methods. Generally, a CVP will be protected from
the discharge offill as an ORW, even if the CVP is not subject to
WPAjurisdiction as a state wetland.
The Massachnsetts Environmental Title 5 (310 CMR 15.00)
regulates the siting and construction of subsurface sewage disposal
(septic) systems in the state. A system'S septic tank and
distribution box must be located a minimum of 50 feet, and the
leaching field a minimum of 100 feet, from the boundary of a CVP.
The setback for the leach fields can be reduced if hydrogeologic
data demonstrates the pool is hydraulically up-gradient from the
proposed system.
The Massachusetts Forest Cutting Practices Act Regulations (304
CMR 11.00) protect CVPs from celtain forestry impacts. Harvesting
requirements limit cutting to no more than 50% of the trees within
50 feet of a CVP. They also require that trees or tree tops not be
felled in CVPs, and restrict the use of pools as staging areas or
skidder trails. Guidelines, similar to the regulations, are
established for activities planned near unceltified vernal pools
identified by consulting foresters.
Town Wetlands and Zoning By-laws are used by many municipalities
to enhance protections to vernal pools. While the details of
by-laws are town specific, they are generally intended to increase
protection to vernal pools beyond that afforded by the WP A.
The Vernal Pool Boundary
The shallow edges of vernal pool habitat represent one of the
most ecologically valuable portions of these habitats. These areas
are generally the first to thaw in the spring and provide access to
the pool for the earliest breeding species. These shallow water
zones also tend to be significantly warmer than the deeper portions
of a vernal pool throughout the spring. Egg masses of early
breeding amphibians benefit from the warmer water temperatures at
the pool edges that promote rapid egg development.
The boundary ofvernal pool habitat must incorporate these
shallowest reaches ofthe pool. When there is no distinct and clear
topographic break at the edge of a pool, the maximum observed or
recorded extent of flooding represents the ecological boundary of
the vernal pool. This boundary is evident and should be delineated
by leaf staining and other indicators of hydrology outside of the
mean annual high water period (March through early April in most
cases).
The NHESP does not establish a physical, on-the-ground vernal
pool boundary during the certification process. The WPA allows a
project proponent to submit an opinion as to the extent of a CVP
that is based upon a total run-off from a statistical 2.6 inch
rainfall in 24 holll's, but it should also include groundwater
inputs to the basin at the beginning of the spring amphibian
breeding season (see DEP DWW Policy 85-2). The DEP has stated in
its policies that groundwater inputs should not be overlooked in
these calculations because otherwise it could result in a total
volume considerably smaller than the basin holds in any given
spring.
How Can Vernal Pools Be Certified?
The NHESP administers the official vernal pool certification
program and accepts certain biological and physical documentation
submitted by outside scientists, resource managers, and other
interested
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I . Vemal Pool FaCI SIIeel - MllfcII 2009 - Page 1.4
individuals and organizations as the basis for the poss ible
certification of vernal pool habitat. People interested in vernal
pool certification should:
I. Download the NHESP Guidelilles (01' the Certificatioll
o(Vel'llal Pool Habitat. }Ilarch 2009 and the Yernal Pool Field
Observation Form from www.nhesp.org. Please read alld ullderstalld
the Guidelilles before collecting data and completing the form
.
Certification is based on ev idence that a pool provides
important wildlife habitat consistent with ' Yernal Pool Habitat'
in the WPA. Wildlife that use vernal pools are generally divided
into two groups:
The NHESP slrongly recommends that landowner permission be
obtained prior to collecting certificalJon documentation. It is the
sole responsibility of an Individual providing vernal pool
certifica tion Information to ensure that all activi ties
associated with gathering said information comply with law.
Obligate Species: vertebrate and invertebrate species that
require vernal pools for all 0 1' a portion of their life cycle and
are unable to successfully complete their life cycle without vernal
pools.
Facultative Species: vertebrate and invertebrate species that
frequently use vernal pools for all 0 1' a portion of their life
cycle, but are able to successfu lly complete their life cycle in
other types of wetlands.
Obligate species serve as direct indicators of vernal poo l
habitat because they require at least two months of flooded
conditions and the absence of established, reproducing fish
populations. When breed ing evidence of obligate species is
documented, it is not necessary to prove there is no established fi
sh population.
Facultative amphibiau species serve as illdirect indicators of
vernal pool habitat. Documentation of the appropriate facultative
amphibian species does not ensure certification; evidence
documenting there is no established, reproducing fish population
must also be submitted. Additionally, the physica l documentation
(e.g., pool photos, descriptive notes) sirbmitted must demonstrate
the pool possesses the physica l characteristics necessary to
sustain a vernal pool environment (e.g., depth, size,
vegetation).
2. Fill out a Yernal Pool Field Observation Form. Attach the
physical and biological documentat ion and the maps as required by
the Guidelilles. Submit the packet to the NHESP for review.
The NHES P does not field visit pools prior to certification but
relies on the submittal of accurate information and clear
documentation of both the biological and physical evidence. If the
documentation is inconclusive additional documentat ion may be
requested 0 1' the pool may not be certified. Once it is determined
that a vernal pool meets the certification criteria in the
Guidelilles, it will be offi cially certified by NHESP and the
observer, conservation commiss ion, DEP regional office, and
landowner (if known) are formally notified.
Certified Vernal Pool Maps
• GIS Data laycl's ofCer1ificd Vernal Pools (updaled biannually)
and Potential Vernal Pools are avai lable Ihrough the MassOIS
Online Data Viewer ('Oli ver') at www.mass.govimgis/mapping.htm
~"Oliver" - The MassOIS Online Dala Viewer~Launch Oliver 01'
Install Java~Login~Zooll1 to area of int e reSI~Add
Layers~ConservationiRecrea tion~Natural Heritage Data~NHESP
Certified Vernal Pools~ Potenti a l Vernal Pools.
• NHESP's town-wide 'Pl'ioil'ty Hab itat & Estimated Habitat
' maps (published biennially) include CVPs and are available for
public viewing at the offices of conservation commissions, planning
boards, and building inspectors, and at MassO IS at www.mass.
govimgisicvp.htm.
• NHESP's Massachusetts Natul'al Hel'itage Atlas (updated
biennially) is available at most town libraries and from NHESP at
cost.
NHESP • Vernal Pool Certification
MA Division of Fisheries & Wildlife
1 Rabbit Hill Road
Westborough, MA 01581
For Certification Questions call 508·389·6360
www.mass.govimgisicvp.htmwww.mass.govimgis/mapping.htmhttp:www.nhesp.org
-
Commonwealth of Massachusetts
Diwi.ion 01 '·i,~"","· '. fi.hewie. & Wildlile
Wayne F. MacCallum, Director March 2009
WflESP quitfefinesfor tlie Certification
ofo/erna(poorJ[a6itat
II. CERTIFICATION CRITERIA & DOCUMENTATION REQUIREMENTS
Please read and understand the CERTIFICATION CRITERIA and
DOCUMENTATION REQUIREMENTS in the following sections before
submitting Vernal Pool Field Observation Form(s} and supporting
documentation.
Certification Criteria Vernal pool certification is possible
only after the appropriate biological AND physical criteria have
been met and documented by one of the two certification methods
described below:
B) FACULTATIVE AMPHIBIAN SPECIES METHOD A) OBLIGATE SPECIES
METHOD
Biological CriteriaBiological Criteria • Breeding evidence of 2
or more facultative
amphibian species (see table on pg. 11.2). • Breeding evidence
of obligate amphibian
species OR the presence of fairy shrimp (see table on pg. 11.2).
AND
AND Physical Criteria • Evidence of a pool with no permanently
flowing Physical Criteria
outlet (i.e., photo of the pool holding water). • EVidence of a
pool with no permanently flowing outlet (i.e., photo of the pool
holding AND water).
• Evidence that there is no established, reproducing fish
population (i.e., photo of the pool dry).
The Obligate Species Method is the most direct way to certify a
vernal pool. If documentation submitted is inconclusive, or if the
physical documentation appears to show inappropriate habitat, the
pool may not be certified or additional documentation may be
requested. Since facultative amphibians can use a variety of
wetland habitats it is especially important when using this method
that the pool photos demonstrate the physical characteristics
necessary to sustain a vernal pool environment (e.g., depth, size,
vegetation). If there is any doubt, the NHESP may require
additional evidence.
THE NHESP STRONGLY RECOMMENDS THAT LANDOWNER PERMISSION BE
OBTAINED PRIOR TO COLLECTING CERTIFICATION DOCUMENTATION. IT IS THE
SOLE RESPONSIBILITY OF AN INDIVIDUAL PROVIDING VERNAL POOL
CERTIFICATION INFORMATION TO ENSURE THAT ALL ACTIVITIES ASSOCIATED
WITH GATHERING SAID INFORMATION COMPLY WITH LAW.
lVlVw.nhesp.org
Natural Heritage & Endangered Species Program I Rabbit Hill
Road, Westborough, MA 01581 Tel: (508) 389-6360 Fax: (508)
389-7891
Help Save Endangered Wildlife! Contribute to the Natul'al
Heritage & Endangered Species Fund.
http:lVlVw.nhesp.org
-
I/. Vemal Pool Certification Criteria (.~ Dommen/lIIion
Requirements "'" Marcil 2009 - Page 11. 2
A, Obligate Species Method - Biological and Physical Criteria
& Evidence Accepted for Certification:
BIOLOGICAL CRITERIA PHYSICAL CRITERIA
Obligate Species Accepted, one or more of the following
Breeding Evidence Accepted - one or more of the following from
at least one obligate species must be documented by photos, video,
or audio (chorusing)
Physical Features Accepted
Physical Evidence Accepted
Wood frog Adult wood frogs , Pool v~th no Good quality photos or
video of (Li/hoba/es sylvaticus) • Full chorus (calls constant,
continuous, &overlapping)
map location of chorus (pool) and site where recording
permanenlly flowing oullel.
the entire pool holding water including any inlets or
oullets
Spoiled salamander was taken; OR (e,g., any streams, culverts,
etc). (Ambystoma maculafum) • 5+ mated pairs OR
Blue,spolled salamander' (A. lalerale)
Adult salamanders, • Congressing OR • Spermatophores OR •
Marbled salamander allen ding a nest OR
See 'Tips for Phofographing Evidence Required for Vernal Pool
Certification' on page 4.
Jefferson salamander' Egg masses, (A. jeffersonianum) • TOTAL of
5 egg masses any combination, regardless
of species OR Marbted salamander' • 1 egg mass of aMESA-listed
salamander or nest and (A. opacum) eggs of marbled salamander
OR
Larvae, • Any number of larvae OR Transforming juveniles,
• Still in pool ~th tail and/or gill remnants. Fairy shrimp
(Anostraca: Eubranchipus)
Photo or video of adult specimen(s). Same as above. Same as
above.
•Species listed under the Massachusetts Endangered Species Act
Regulalions (MESA) (321 CMR 10.90). If observed, please document
and fill out a Rare Animal Observation Form (available at
lWlW.nhesp.org) to be submitted to the NHESP.
B, Facultative Amphibian Species Method - Biological and
Physical Criteria & Evidence Accepted for Certification:
BIOLOGICAL CRITERIA PHYSICAL CRITERIA
Facultative Species Accepted - two or more of the following
Breeding Evidence Accepted - one or more of the following from
at least two facultative species must be documented by photos,
video, or audio (chorusing)
Physical Features Accepted
Physical Evidence Accepted
Spring peeper (Pseudacris crucifer)
Gray treefrog (Hyla versicolor)
American toad (Anaxyrus americanus)
Fowter's toad (Anaxyrus fowleri)
Adults • Full chorus (calls constant, continuous, &
overlapping) - map location of chorus (pool) and site where
recording was taken; OR
• 5+ mated pairs OR
Egg masses• Any number of egg masses OR
larvae • Any number of larvae OR
Transforming juveniles • Still in pool ~th tail remnants.
Pool ~th no permanenlly flowing oullel.
AND
Evidence that there is no established, reproducing fish
population.
Good quality photos or video of the entire pool holding water
including any inlets or outlets (e.g., any streams, culverts,
etc.).
AND
Good quality photos or video of the entire pool dry.
See 'Tips for Photographing Evidence Required for Vemal Pool
Certification' on page 4.
http:lWlW.nhesp.org
-
II. Vemal Pool Certification Criteria & Documentation
Requirements ... Marcil 2009 - Page 11.3
Documentation Requirements Documentation of the biological and
physical evidence listed in the CERTIFICATION CRITERIA (pg. 11.2, A
andlor 8) must be submitted for official certification of a vernal
pool. Photographic prints are the preferred method of documentation
but video of evidence or audio recording of chorusing frogs or
toads are acceptable. Field notes are encouraged and helpful, but
are not accepted as the sole source of evidence.
A. BIOLOGICAL DOCUMENTATION - Photos, Video, or Audio of
Amphibian Breeding Evidence or Fairy Shrimp:
• Photos, video, or audio must be of suitable quality
(resolution, focus, clarity, indicators of scale (e.g., coin , lens
cap, ruler)) so species identification can be confirmed. Please see
"Tips for Photographing Evidence Required for Vernal Pool
Certification" (pg. 1I.4).
• Photos, video, or audio must be labeled with pool location
(town), pool name or tracking # (e.g . VP#1, Elm SI. VP), date
taken , & observer's name.
• Each individual egg mass or mated pair required for
certification (e.g., all 5 wood frog egg masses) must be
photographed or videotaped. If more than the minimum required
number is observed, photo the required number, and count or
estimate the total number; larvae andlor tadpoles should also be
counted or estimated. Indicate totals andlor estimates on the
Vernal Pool Field Observation Form.
f• Only audio tapes of full amphibian choruses (calls are
constant, continuous & overlapping) are accepted (see Protocol
Description at: http://www.pwrc.usgs.gov/naamp/) provided the
location of chorusing (i.e., exact pool location) and the location
of your recording site are accurately mapped.
• Documentation must be collected within 3 years prior to
submittal to NHESP.
B. PHYSICAL DOCUMENTATION - Photos or Video of Pool Holding
Water and Dry:
• Photograph(s} or video of the entire pool including any inlets
or outlets (e.g., any streams, culverts) are required and must be
of suitable quality (resolution, focus, scale) so pool features can
be reliably assessed. One or more identifying landmarks (e.g .,
stand of trees, stumps, boulders, rock walls, etc.) to authenticate
the pool location must be included. If unable to photograph the
entire pool in a single photo, take a "panorama" series. Please see
"Tips for Photographing Evidence Required for Vernal Pool
Certification" (pg . 11.4).
• Photo(s} or video must be labeled with pool location (town),
pool name or tracking # (e.g. VP#1, Elm SI. VP), date taken, &
observer's name.
• Documentation must be collected within 3 years prior to
submittal date to NHESP.
C. MAPPING REQUIREMENTS" THREE types of maps are required for
certification and the pool locus must be clearly delineated and
identified (your pool name or tracking #) on each map:
1. U.S. Geological Survey I map (1 :24,000 or 1 :25,000 scale)
"tapas can be downloaded from MassGIS at "scroll down to "Browser
Based Mapping Applications", then to "Quick Links" and
2. Color orthophotos (copy) (1 :12,000 scale or better)"
orthophotos can be downloaded from MassGIS at
www.mass.gov/mgis/mapping.htm "scroll down as described above
and select "Color Ortho Imagery 2005".
3. One additional map or form of location data to help clarify
the pool 's location, as follows:
• Sketch map" directions and distances from landmark(s), readily
identifiable in the field, should be marked and clearly described
on the map; if submitting a breeding chorus, the location of the
chorus (pool) and recording site can be delineated on this map,
OR
• Assessors map" available from local tax assessor's offices,
include the map and parcel #'s, OR • Professional survey, OR • GPS
longltudellatltude coordinates.
\1""""\'1'"
{. .~ D~9-C
-
II. Vernal Pool Certification Criteria & Documentation
Requirements ~ llfarch 2009 - Page IIA
Tips for Photographing Evidence Required for Vernal Pool
Certification'
The biological and physical evidence required for vernal pool
certification must be documented by photos and/or video (or audio
for frog/toad chorusing) of suitable quality (resolution, focus,
indicators of scale) so species identification can be confirmed and
pool features be reliably assessed. Because this often requires
close-up photographs in generally poor lighting conditions, some
general "rules of thumb" are included below to help you produce
good photos/video:
• Cameras that compensate for low light conditions and close-up
focusing provide the best photos; most digital cameras are capable
of this but fixed focus cameras (i.e., "point and shoot") typically
do not focus closer than 2-4 feet (if used carefully they usually
produce suitable photos).
• Hold the camera as steady as possible or use a tripod to avoid
blurred images.
• Take several photos, or extra photos using different
backgrounds and light settings, to be eel1ain you end up with a
clear photo.
• Process or view your photos immediately so you can return to
the pool for better photos, ifneeded.
POOL Photos (Physical Evidence)
Photographs of the vernal pool need to be clear and show as much
of the pool as possible.
• They must include a landmark to alithenticate the pool
location (e.g., stand of trees, stump, a boulder, rock wall,
etc.).
• If unable to photograph the entire pool in a single photo, try
to photograph the pool in a "panorama" series.
• When photographing pools 'holding water', also include photos
of any inlets or outlets (e.g., streams, culverts) observed
entering or leaving the pool.
ORGANISM Photos (Biological Evidence)
Biological evidence from the pool needs to be documented by
photographs/video that confirms amphibian breeding
(i.e., mated pairs of frogs/toads, congressing salamanders,
spermatophores, egg masses, larvae, or transforming
juveniles) or the presence of fairy shrimp (see Cel1ification
Criteria for specific requirements).
• Mated pairs of wood frogs and congressing salamanders
typically need to be photographed at night. A flash can sometimes
illuminate the water surface, impeding the view underwater, so a
flashlight can be used to illuminate subjects underwater.
'. Spermatophores are found on the bottom of the pool.
Reflections on the surface can sometimes block underwater images
and can be eliminated in two ways: I) position an object (or
person) to cast a shadow over the area you are photographing, or 2)
use a polarizing filter on your camera.
• To photograph egg masses, place a light-colored background
(e.g., yellow foam meat tray, Frisbee, white board) behind the
masses so they are clearly visible against the dark water and more
easily identifiable; they should not be removed from the water and
only minimally disturbed. Also try and include something in the
photo for scale (e.g., backing tray with measurement markings, a
hand, net, etc.).
• Larvae and fairy shrimp usually need to be briefly removed
from the pool to be photographed. Place larvae or fairy shrimp in a
small container (e.g., margarine tub, foam meat tray, clear plastic
baggie) filled with pool waleI' or photograph in your hand.
a. Salamander larvae - place in container filled with pool water
and photograph from above to clearly show the gills and, if
possible, a side view of the body.
b. Wood frog tadpoles - photograph in or out of water but
positioned to show the belly (i.e., gut coiling) and gold flecking
over the belly and sides.
c. Fairy shrimp - place in white or clear container filled with
pool water and photograph.
d. Transforming juveniles - photograph so tail andlor gill
remnants are visible; photos should be taken from above and/or a
side view for proper identification.
'Based on Wicked Big Puddles; A Guide to the Study and
Certification of Vernal Pools, 3" Edition (March 2003) by Leo P.
Kenney, Vernal Pool Association (www.vernaipool,org) and is used
with permission.
www.vernaipool,org
-
Natural Heritage & Endangered Species Program
Massachusetts Division ofFisheries & Wildlife
III. Vernal Pool Field Observation Form For use with the
quitfefillesjortfie Certification oj'Vema{!J'oo{J{a6itat, 5l1arch
2009.
For Office Use Only
THE NHESP STRONGLY RECOMMENDS THAT LANDOWNER PERMISSION BE
OBTAINED PRIOR TO COLLECTING INSTRUCTIONS: CERTIFICATION
DOCUMENTATION. IT IS THE SOLE RESPONSIBILITY OF AN INDIVIDUAL
PROVIDING VERNAL Please provide all information requested. POOL
CERTIFICATION INFORMATION TO ENSURE THAT ALL ACTIVITIES ASSOCIATED
WITH GATHERING SAID Attach additional pages if needed. All
INFORMATION COMPLY WITH THE LAW. required biological &physical
evidence must
be documented by pholos. video. or audio of suitable quality
(reso!ution, focus, indicators
1. Pool Location (Please complete a separate form for each
pool). of scale) so species 10 can be confirmed & poel features
assessed. Documentation Town Potential Vemal Pool # (if known) must
be labeled. Signldate the form;
incomplete forms will be returned. Pool Name or Tracking #
(e.g.• Elm Sl VP. VP#I) Additional Instructions for S~eclfic
Written Directions to Pool (required): Numbered Boxes: 1.
Include an identifying name or tracking # for your poel &use It
to label photos, maps. &any other documentation. If you used
the Potential Vernal Pool (PVP) datalayer (available at MassGIS).
include the PVP #. Written direclions must be included with
landmarks to help navigate to the pool. 3. 3A &3B are for
certification by the Obligate Sll!!cies Method. Provide photos.
video. or audio (chorusing) of the required breeding e~dence or
fairy shrimp AND photo(s) or video of the poel holding water.
2. Pool/Species Observation Dates (month/day/~): 3B. Biological
Evidence: First date poel observed Last date poel Observed Fairy
Shrimp First date species observed Last dale species observed Date
Observed (m/d/y)
3A. Biological Evidence: Obligate Amphibians Indicate breeding
evidence and date observed for each species. Evidence must include
;,1 of the following for certification: congressing salamanders OR
;,5 pairs wood frogs in amplexus OR salamander spermatophores OR a
full wood frog chorus (calls constant, continuous,
&overtapping) OR a total of;,5 egg masses. regardless of
species OR ;,1 MESA-listed salamander egg mass(es). Each individual
egg mass or mated pair required for certification (e.g., all 5 wood
frog egg masses) must be photographed or videotaped. If more than
the minimum required number is observed, photo the required number,
and count or estimate the total number of egg masses, larvae and/or
.- and indicate in the table below.
.~~£I~t .SALAIMNDER .. '.' •• > .......•
j COURTING 0 j "EGG j 0 ADULTS ..~ IMSSes LARVAE ........~
so.lei.. .' . (tptalciount(eStimate) .,->
spot~~~amander
I
Jellerson salamander *
Marbled salamander ~
i I
~ I{'i,j.·· ......·I;~~! 1\·> ~J ". 'rul
..... .. i #Eq~ ".. ~·.f_·"j.; c•• ~ }
IT i. i····I~U" .J ....•. r,tAS~E~ j .'.
c.!. . ....
r···.~· ." ••••••• c • Wood Irog
TOTAL(S)
-
Inslructions (continued) 4. Certification by the Facultative
Amphibian Method - provide photo, video, or audio (chorusing) of
the required breeding evidence and
5. Rare Wetland Species Were MESA-listed species observed using
this pool?
photo(s) or video of the pool holding water AND dry. 6. Provide
information to help distinguish the pool & assess its features.
7, All required biological & physical evidence must be
documented by good quality photos, video, or audio. 8. Indicate the
3 required maps submitted.
4. Biological Evidence: Facultative Amphibians Breeding
evldence1 of ~ 2species must be documented by photos, video, or
audio.
BREEDING AMPHIBIANS
Spring peeper
DATE OBSERVED monlhlday/Year
BREEDING EVIDENCE' OBSERVED
Grav Ir••'rog
American toad
Fowler's toad
Breeding evidence' includes: full breeding choruses (call
constant &overlapping), ~ 5 adults in amplexus, any # of €qq
masses, tadpoles, andlor transforminq iuveniles in pool.
0 0 Yes No
If yes, please submit a Rare Animal Observation Form with photo
&map to the NHESP (available at www.nhes Q.org).
6, Description of Pool and Surroundings - Please describe to the
best olyou, ability and knowledge, Dimensions (please include
measurements or estimates):
Approx. Length: Approx. Width: Approx . Maximum Depth:
Describe distinctive features (roads, structures, boulders, foot
trails, vegetation types, etc.) which are visible from or near the
pool that would help someone recognize it.
Origin of the pool (check): 0 Natural depression o Human-made
pool/ditch o Created wetland/pool o Other or Unknown (describe) The
pool's hydroperiod is most likely: o Seasonal (drying out in most
years) o Semi-permanent (drying partially in most years) o
Permanent Describe any inlet or outlets tolfrom the pool and their
permanence (e,g. , streams, culverts, etc).
Land use in vicinity of pool (approx. 100 ft from pool edge
check all that apply): o upland forest o forested wetlands o
emergent marshlscrub-shrub wetland o agriculturallgrasslandlmeadow
o residenlia~commercial o other
7. Documentation Submitted - Label with pool name or tracking #,
town, date taken, observer's 8, Maps Submitted name. Pool locus
must be delineated & identified
OPhoto(s) OVideo OAudio with your pool name or tracking #.
OObligate Species OFacultative Species OPool Holding Water DOry
Pool 3REQUIRED MAPS:
0 USGS Topographic Map 1:14,000 or 1:25,000 or better
9, Property Owner Information -Landowner information is optional
&is available from local tax assessor's offices. 0 Color
orthophoto . 1: 12,000 or better
Name and 2:1 of the following:
Address 0 Assessor's map (Map and Plot #)
Town State__Zip Assessors MaplPcl# (;1 known) 0 Professional
survey 0 Sketch map · with directions and
dislances from permanenl landmarks 10. Observer Information
& Signature - Mustbefilledout&s~ned . 0 GPS
longitude/latitude coordinates: Name Latitude =
Address Longitude =
Town State Zip
Telephone E-mail SEND COMPLETED, SIGNED
FORM & SUPPORTING ......
,.................................................................................................................
DOCUMENTATION TO:I hereby certify under the pains and penallies of
perjury that the information contained in this report is true and
complete to the best of my knowledge. NHESP· Vernal Pool
Certification Signature Date MA Division 01
Signature of Adult, if Observer is under 18 years of age
Fisheries & Wildlife
1 Rabbit Hill Rd,
All submissions and supporting documents \~II be retained by the
NHESP and, with the exception of information for Westborough, MA
01581
MESA-listed species and the identity of minors, are available to
interested parties under the Public Records Law. For questions call
508·389,6360
www.nhes
-
Attachment B
Stantec Vernal Pool Monitoring Summary
-
Memo
To: Thomas Czelusniak From: Todd Chadwell Weston Solutions, Inc.
Stantec Consulting, Inc.
File: 195600496 Date: June 20, 2011
Reference: FINAL 2011 4C Floodplain Vernal Pool Monitoring
Summary
On April 14, 2011 and June 9, 2011, Stantec oversaw surveys of
the restored vernal pool on Parcel I6-1-106 within the Housatonic
River floodplain. The initial survey was initiated at approximately
10:20 A.M. during overcast skies, and 45 ° F temperatures with Mike
Backunas (MA DEP), Kevin Mooney (GE), Scott Egan (AECOM), Dennis
Lowry (AECOM), Mike Argue (Weston), and Todd Chadwell (Stantec),
present. The secondary survey was initiated at approximately 9:00
A.M. with partly cloudy skies and 75 F temperatures with Mike Argue
(Weston) and Eric Ford (Stantec) present. The maximum depth of the
vernal pool during each survey was approximately 36 inches and 20
inches respectively.
Initial Survey Results
Macroinvertebrates observed during the survey included daphnia
(class Branchiopoda), mosquito larvae (family Culicidae),
fingernail clams (class Bivalvia), water striders (family
Gerridae), mayfly (order Ephemeroptera), backswimmers (family
Notonectidae), caddisfly (order Trichoptera), and others.
Several fairy shrimp of the species (Eubranchipus vernalis) were
observed within the pool (see attached photo). Female fairy shrimp
were observed to be gravid (with eggs).
One adult frog was observed but not positively identified. This
frog was either a green frog (Rana clamitans) or bullfrog (R.
catesbeiana). No tadpoles of any species were observed during the
survey. Approximately 85 wood frog (R. sylvatica) egg masses were
observed in the northern portion of the vernal pool, all within an
area of approximately 12 square feet. Five additional wood frog egg
masses were observed in the southern portion of the pool.
The presence of fairy shrimp in 2011, after their absence in
2010, suggests that the vernal pool completely dried out during the
previous year, allowing for the necessary desiccation of fairy
shrimp eggs deposited in previous seasons. Also, the absence of
green frog larvae (which typically require 2 years to reach
metamorphosis) during this year’s survey further suggests that this
vernal pool dried out in 2010.
Secondary Survey Results
tbc
w:\1956\active\195600496\report\2011survey\mem_0496_4cvernalpool_062011_dft.docx
-
June 20, 2011 Weston Solutions, Inc. Page 2 of 9
Reference: FINAL 2011 4C Floodplain Vernal Pool Monitoring
Summary
A high abundance of macroinvertebrates were observed, including
predaceous diving beetle larvae and adults (order Coleoptera),
damselfly larvae (sub order Zygoptera), dragonfly larvae (suborder
Anisoptera), backswimmers, water striders, chironomid midges
(family Chironomidae), phantom midges (family Chaoboridae),
planorbid snails (class Gastropoda), fingernail clams and water
boatman (family Corixidae) and others.
It should be noted that no fairy shrimp were observed. This
dramatic decline from earlier accounts is not atypical and could be
attributable to several factors. First, adult males die shortly
after copulation. Females typically persist longer but will also
die shortly after eggs are laid/hatched. Given the relatively short
life cycle (approximately 16 days), it would not be incorrect to
assume that the population died of natural causes. Secondly, if
shrimp were observed, it would likely indicate that male
populations were significantly lower than females this year and
summer eggs (those which hatch during the same season) were laid in
an attempt to replenish the population. The absence of fairy shrimp
likely indicates that male populations were adequate and therefore,
only winter eggs (those which persist through winter to the next
wet cycle) were laid. Given the high abundance of
macroinvertebrates within the pool, particularly predaceous diving
beetle and damselfly larvae, there may have been some predation of
individuals as well, although this is likely not the primary cause
of their absence.
Over one-thousand wood frog larvae were estimated to have been
observed within the pool during the survey. Most captured larvae
were developing hind legs, with some having front legs as well.
Most were observed in the northerly parts of the pool, where water
levels were deepest.
Approximately 8 adult green frogs were observed along the
margins of the pool, with a small number of recurring advertisement
calls heard. In addition, 1 green frog egg mass was found along the
western edge of the pool attached to the vegetation. No
transforming individuals were observed.
Results and Relationship to Restoration Requirements
Section 7.2.2 of the Final Completion Report for Removal Action
for Housatonic River Floodplain – Non-Residential Properties notes
that the Obligate Species Method, as defined by the State Division
of Fisheries and Wildlife, will be utilized to document acceptable
breeding evidence of vertebrate and invertebrate species dependent
on vernal pools. The March 2009 NHESP Guidelines for the
Certification of Vernal Pool Habitat requires evidence of breeding
activity by obligate vernal species and that the pool exhibit no
permanently flowing outlet in order for a vernal pool to become
certified.
The vernal pool on Parcel I6-1-106 met the physical criterion of
not having a permanently flowing outlet and the biological criteria
of containing fairy shrimp and greater than 5 wood frog egg masses.
It is Stantec’s opinion that this vernal pool continues to qualify
for certification under the criteria established by the March 2009
NHESP Guidelines for the Certification of Vernal Pool Habitat.
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June 20, 2011 Weston Solutions, Inc. Page 3 of 9
Reference: FINAL 2011 4C Floodplain Vernal Pool Monitoring
Summary
STANTEC CONSULTING SERVICES INC.
Todd Chadwell Senior Project Manager, Environmental Management
[email protected]
Attachment: Photos
Photo 1. 4C Floodplain Vernal Pool (04/14/11).
mailto:[email protected]
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June 20, 2011 Weston Solutions, Inc. Page 4 of 9
Reference: FINAL 2011 4C Floodplain Vernal Pool Monitoring
Summary
Photo 2. Fairy shrimp captured in 4C Floodplain vernal pool
(04/14/11).
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June 20, 2011 Weston Solutions, Inc. Page 5 of 9
Reference: FINAL 2011 4C Floodplain Vernal Pool Monitoring
Summary
Photo 3. Wood frog egg masses observed within 4C Floodplain
vernal pool (04/14/11).
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June 20, 2011 Weston Solutions, Inc. Page 6 of 9
Reference: FINAL 2011 4C Floodplain Vernal Pool Monitoring
Summary
Photo 4. 4C Floodplain Vernal Pool (06/9/11).
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June 20, 2011 Weston Solutions, Inc. Page 7 of 9
Reference: FINAL 2011 4C Floodplain Vernal Pool Monitoring
Summary
Photo 5. Wood frog tadpoles observed in the northwest corner of
the pool (06/9/11).
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June 20, 2011 Weston Solutions, Inc. Page 8 of 9
Reference: FINAL 2011 4C Floodplain Vernal Pool Monitoring
Summary
Photo 6. Adult green frog observed along the western edge of the
pool (06/9/11).
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June 20, 2011 Weston Solutions, Inc. Page 9 of 9
Reference: FINAL 2011 4C Floodplain Vernal Pool Monitoring
Summary
Photo 7. Portion of a green frog egg mass observed along the
western edge of the pool (06/9/11).
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Attachment C
Photodocumentation Log
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PHOTODOCUMENTATION LOG
View: The vernal pool completely dried out. Photo taken facing
southeast. Date: 15 September 2010
View: The vernal pool completely dried out. Photo taken facing
north northeast. Date: 15 September 2010
1 of 12
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View: Vernal pool seen from north end, facing south. Date: 8
April 2011
PHOTODOCUMENTATION LOG
View: The vernal pool seen from the north end, facing south.
Date: 8 April 2011
View: The vernal pool seen from the south end, facing north
northeast. Date: 8 April 2011
2 of 12
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View: Vernal pool seen from north end, facing south. Date: 8
April 2011
PHOTODOCUMENTATION LOG
View: Wood frog egg masses attached to submerged vegetation
along the northwestern edge of the vernal pool. Date: 8 April
2011
View: A wood frog egg mass attached to submerged vegetation
along the northwestern edge of the vernal pool. Date: 8 April
2011
3 of 12
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View: Vernal pool seen from north end, facing south. Date: 8
April 2011
PHOTODOCUMENTATION LOG
View: Wood frog egg masses attached to submerged vegetation
along the northwestern edge of the vernal pool. Photo taken by
Weston during GE’s inspection of the pool. Date: 14 April 2011
View: Fairy shrimp captured at the vernal pool during GE’s
inspection. Note that there are three gravid females (females with
eggs). Date: 14 April 2011
4 of 12
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View: Vernal pool seen from north end, facing south. Date: 8
April 2011
PHOTODOCUMENTATION LOG
View: Dense congregation of wood frog tadpoles in shallow,
sunlit water at the south end of the vernal pool. Date: 25 May
2011
View: Closer view of wood frog tadpoles congregating in shallow,
sunlit water at the south end of the vernal pool. Date: 25 May
2011
5 of 12
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View: Vernal pool seen from north end, facing south. Date: 8
April 2011
PHOTODOCUMENTATION LOG
View: Wood frog tadpoles swimming near the surface in a sunlit
portion of the vernal pool. Weston counted over 400 tadpoles in an
enlargement of this photo. Date: 27 May 2011
View: Wood frog tadpoles in near-surface water at the vernal
pool. Note the characteristic gold flecking along the sides of the
tadpoles, and that their hind legs are beginning to develop. Date:
27 May 2011
6 of 12
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View: Vernal pool seen from north end, facing south. Date: 8
April 2011
PHOTODOCUMENTATION LOG
View: Wood frog tadpoles swimming near the surface of the vernal
pool in sunlit water. Date: 3 June 2011
View: Wood frog tadpoles captured at the vernal pool for
photodocumentation purposes. Date: 3 June 2011
7 of 12
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View: Vernal pool seen from north end, facing south. Date: 8
April 2011
PHOTODOCUMENTATION LOG
View: A green frog egg mass deposited on the surface of the
vernal pool. Date: 8 June 2011
View: Wood frog tadpoles swimming near the surface in a sunlit
portion of the vernal pool. Date: 8 June 2011
8 of 12
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View: Vernal pool seen from north end, facing south. Date: 8
April 2011
PHOTODOCUMENTATION LOG
View: Two juvenile wood frogs emerging from the vernal pool (at
center). Note the tail remnant on the frog in the foreground. Date:
20 June 2011
View: A juvenile wood frog captured within a few feet of the
vernal pool. Date: 20 June 2011
9 of 12
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View: Vernal pool seen from north end, facing south. Date: 8
April 2011
PHOTODOCUMENTATION LOG
View: Juvenile wood frogs captured around the edges of the
vernal pool for photodocumentation purposes. Date: 12 July 2011
View: A fully-metamorphosed wood frog that has emerged from the
vernal pool. Date: 28 July 2011
10 of 12
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View: Vernal pool seen from north end, facing south. Date: 8
April 2011
PHOTODOCUMENTATION LOG
View: The vernal pool as seen from the north end, facing
southeast. Date: 20 June 2011
View: The vernal pool as seen from the south end, facing north.
Date: 20 June 2011
11 of 12
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View: Vernal pool seen from north end, facing south. Date: 8
April 2011
PHOTODOCUMENTATION LOG
View: The vernal pool as seen from the north end, facing
southeast. Date: 28 July 2011
View: The vernal pool as seen from the south end, facing north.
Date: 28 July 2011
12 of 12
Vernal Pool Memo_2011_fin.pdfAttachment A: NHESP Guidelines for
the Certification of Vernal Pool Habitat Attachment B: Stantec
Vernal Pool Monitoring SummaryAttachment C: Photodocumentation
Log
barcodetext: SDMS DocID 501650barcode: *501650*