EPA-Review-7/26-27-06 - 1 VOC Emission Characterization and CHAMP Development o EPA03 Thrust 1: Material Emissions and Pollutant Transport in Building.

EPA-Review-7/26-27-06 - 1

VOC Emission Characterization and CHAMP DevelopmentVOC Emission Characterization and CHAMP Development

EPA03 Thrust 1:Material Emissions and Pollutant Transport in Building Envelopes Overview (10 minutes, by J. Zhang) VOC extraction method development (10 minutes, by J. Smith) Dual-chamber test method development (10 minutes, by M. Salonvaara) CHAMP development & validation (20 minutes, by M. Salonvaara)

EPA04 Tasks: T1.2 Model-based Characterization of Indoor Gaseous Emissions

(10 minutes, by J. Zhang) T3.2 Reduced order models for building interzonal transport

(10 minutes, by J. Zhang)

http://www.eqstar.orghttp://www.syracusecoe.org

http://www.eqstar.orghttp://www.syracusecoe.org

Material Emissions and Pollutant Transport in Material Emissions and Pollutant Transport in Building EnvelopesBuilding Envelopes

T1.A Experimental; T1.B CHAMP ModelingT1.A Experimental; T1.B CHAMP Modeling

Jensen Zhang (PI)Mikael Salonvaara, Jim Smith, and Hui Li

Andreas Nicolai, John Grunewald, Zhibin Zhang and Beverly GuoBuilding Energy and Environmental Systems Laboratory (BEESL)

EPA-Review-4/18-19-06

EPA-Review-7/26-27-06 - 3

Why?Why? VOCs (including formaldehyde)--- a major pollution indoors

ASHRAE Standard 62-2004 Ventilation for Acceptable IAQ CIB (Conseil International du Bâtiment) 2004. Performance Criteria of Buildings for

Health and Comfort Green Building Products

Harmonized test method Simplified, fast and less expensive screening/rating method Long-term emission characteristics under usage conditions

Source-Sink Interactions Large number of sources/sinks and pollutants Primary and secondary emissions Short and long-term exposure

Understanding of Emission/sorption and Transport Processes Composite materials Multilayer material assemblies Correlations with VOC properties Effects of environmental conditions O3 initiated VOC and particle emissions

Building Envelopes---a key role in IAQ control Emissions (e.g., formaldehyde) Uncontrolled airflows (leakages) Hygrothermal conditions Molds Outdoor to indoor pollutant transport

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IAQ & Energy Performance of Buildings: Systems ApproachIAQ & Energy Performance of Buildings: Systems Approach

Coupled

Air

Moisture

Simulation

Heat

heated cellargarage

cooking, laundryEmissions

warm roof

cold roof

thermal bridge(surface condensation, mold)

air leakage

imperfect sealing(salt efflorescence)

thermal bridgetransmission

ventilation

convection

air exchange

ground water

ground water

capillary flowdiffusion

diffusiontransmission

convection

temperaturerelative humidity

long wave radiation solar radiationtemperature

(Extinction: Adsorption, Dispersion, Reflection)

air tightnessair leakage(rot, mold)

Pollutant

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Approach: making use of existing HAM model – add and improve…Approach: making use of existing HAM model – add and improve…

CHAMPModel

Effects of building materials, assembly design & construction on IAQ

Outdoor to indoor pollutant transport (VOCs, O3 & particles)

Initial conditions: • Emittable pollutants in each layerBoundary conditions: • Outdoor concentrations• Weather data• Indoor conditions

Transport & storage properties of materials:• Diffusion• Sorption/depositionAssembly structure:• Cracks• Cavities• Material surfaces and interfaces

HumanExposure

Health, comfort, productivity & security

Model-basedTest Methods

Indoor materials & furnishing systems (04):• Workstations• Composite wood products

O3 initiated secondary emissions (pilot 04)

Moisture/mold control (04)

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Research Objectives and ScopeResearch Objectives and Scope

Specific objectives for the two year period (EPA03):

Develop a VOC extraction method Develop a fundamental mechanistic model for simulating the

combined heat, air, moisture and pollutant (CHAMP) transport the effects of wall cavities and cracks in-material diffusions and sorption on the VOC transport.

Evaluate the extraction method and the model by conducting small and full-scale experiments A typical wood-framed residential wall assembly Assembly materials: interior paints, gypsum wallboards, insulation

materials, and oriented strand boards

“The ultimate goal of this research is to develop reliable and practical model-based test and prediction methods for rating products, and for predicting the long-term VOC emissions over the products’ service life.”

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Material Emissions & Pollutant Transport in Bldg EnvelopesMaterial Emissions & Pollutant Transport in Bldg Envelopes

Task 1A Experimental—VOC extraction, material characterization and full-scale

chamber testing Task 1B

Development of Heat, Air, Moisture and Pollutant Transport Model

Mark BombergTask 1A Lead

Jensen ZhangThrust Lead

J. SmithVoc Extraction

Miao YangMaterial Characterization

Hui LiFull Scale Testing

Beverly GuoChemistry

Zhibin ZhangChemistry

Michael SalonvaaraTask 1B Lead

Andreas Nicolai Software integration

Miao YangMaterial Characterization

Hui LiVOC Model & Full Scale Testing

Beverly GuoChemistry

Zhibin ZhangChemistry

EPA-Review-7/26-27-06 - 8

VOC Emission Characterization and CHAMP DevelopmentVOC Emission Characterization and CHAMP Development

EPA03 Thrust 1:

Material Emissions and Pollutant Transport in Building Envelopes Overview (10 minutes, by J. Zhang) VOC extraction method development (10 minutes, by J. Smith) Dual-chamber test method development (10 minutes, by M. Salonvaara) CHAMP development & validation (20 minutes, by M. Salonvaara)

EPA04 Tasks:

T1.2 Model-based Characterization of Indoor Gaseous Emissions 10 minutes, by J. Zhang

T3.2 Reduced order models for building interzonal transport 10 minutes, by J. Zhang