Environmental Risk Assessment for “Facet Enterprises”, New York, USA Presentation by Marie, Seun, and Deb.

Environmental Risk Assessment for “Facet Enterprises”, New York,

USA

Presentation by

Marie, Seun, Marie, Seun, and Deband Deb

Flow of presentationFlow of presentation• IntroductionIntroduction

Chemicals of Concerns Chemicals of Concerns

Exposure Assessment Exposure Assessment

Conclusions Conclusions

Introduction: Company HistoryIntroduction: Company History

An active manufacturing facility occupying 31 acres in the An active manufacturing facility occupying 31 acres in the Village of Elmira Heights, Town of Horseheads, Chemung Village of Elmira Heights, Town of Horseheads, Chemung County, New YorkCounty, New York

EPA region II, Site ID NYD073675514EPA region II, Site ID NYD073675514

1895: Started with producing bicycles; later produced various 1895: Started with producing bicycles; later produced various

industrial and motor parts such as starters, clutches, spark industrial and motor parts such as starters, clutches, spark plugs etcplugs etc

World war II:World war II: time fuses, 20 millimeter guns, magnetos, time fuses, 20 millimeter guns, magnetos,

aircraft cannons, and fuel pumps were manufactured on-siteaircraft cannons, and fuel pumps were manufactured on-site

Plant 2 started manufacturing in 1941Plant 2 started manufacturing in 1941

Introduction: Company History Introduction: Company History (Contd.)(Contd.)

1895: “Eclipse Incorporated1895: “Eclipse Incorporated

1929 to 1976, Bendix Corporation1929 to 1976, Bendix Corporation

1976, Facet Enterprises assumed ownership of the 1976, Facet Enterprises assumed ownership of the facilityfacility

Later changed to “Purolator Products”Later changed to “Purolator Products”

Introduction: Site DescriptionIntroduction: Site Description

Introduction: Site Description (Contd.)Introduction: Site Description (Contd.)

Introduction: Site Description (Contd.)Introduction: Site Description (Contd.)

Nearest residence 80 feet to the Nearest residence 80 feet to the southsouth

Total population at these three sites Total population at these three sites is 75,000. is 75,000.

Residential areas southeast drained Residential areas southeast drained by storm swears; west and southwest by storm swears; west and southwest drained by swear that connects to drained by swear that connects to Mays CreekMays Creek

Ground water was used for drinking Ground water was used for drinking

purposespurposes

Introduction: Site Characterization (Contd.)Introduction: Site Characterization (Contd.)

The electronic wastes produced by the industry was The electronic wastes produced by the industry was dumped in the waste pitdumped in the waste pit

Waste water was drained into the near by creek Waste water was drained into the near by creek

Data collection and evaluation: Data collection and evaluation: chemicals of concern at the site chemicals of concern at the site

Chemicals detected during Chemicals detected during samplingsampling

Aroclor 1248 Benzo(g,h,i)perylene

Dibenz(a,h)anthracene Naphthalene

Aroclor 1254 Cadmium Dibenzofuran Nickel (soluble salts)

Arsenic (inorganic)

Chromium (III)

Dichloroethene, 1,1

Pentachlorophenol

Benzo(a)anthracene Chrysene

Indeno(1,2,3- cd) pyrene

Phenanthrene

Benzo(a)pyrene Cyanide (free)

Lead (and compounds)

(inorganic)

Thallium

Trichloroethane, 1,1,1-

Vinyl Chloride

Data collection and evaluation: Data collection and evaluation: chemicals of concern at the site chemicals of concern at the site Health effects of chemicals detected during sampling Health effects of chemicals detected during sampling (Carcinogens)(Carcinogens)

Aroclor 1248 Carcinogen Liver cancer

Aroclor 1254 Carcinogen Biliary tract

Arsenic (inorganic)

Carcinogen Lung cancer

Benzo(a)anthracene Probable Carcinogen

Benzo(a)pyrene Probable Carcinogen

Cadmium Carcinogen Lung cancer

Chromium (III) Carcinogen Lung cancer

Vinyl Chloride Carcinogen Liver cancer

Dichloroethane 1,1 Possible Carcinogen

Indeno(1,2,3- cd) pyrene Possible Carcinogen

Nickel Carcinogen Lung cancer

Data collection and evaluation: Data collection and evaluation: chemicals of concern at the site chemicals of concern at the site

Health effects of chemicals detected during sampling (Non Health effects of chemicals detected during sampling (Non carcinogens)carcinogens)

Dibenz(a,h)anthracene Reproductive system

Dibenzofuran Skin, eyes, and nose irritation

Pentachlorophenol Liver and kidney

Naphthalene Red blood cells

Lead (inorganic) Nervous and blood system

Thallium Nervous, lung, and kidney

Phenanthrene Skin

Trichloroethane, 1,1,1- Liver, kidney, and liver system

Benzo(g,h,i) perylene Reproductive system

Chrysene Reproductive system

Cyanide Reproductive system

Exposure and toxicity assessment Exposure and toxicity assessment

Exposure Exposure pathwayspathways

Outdoor airOutdoor airSoil and sediment Soil and sediment contaminationcontamination

Offsite Offsite contaminationcontamination

Onsite Onsite contaminationcontamination

Surface water Surface water contaminationcontamination

Potable water Potable water contaminationcontamination

Soil and sediment Soil and sediment contaminationcontamination

Exposure and toxicity assessment Exposure and toxicity assessment (Contd.) (Contd.)

All groups had equal chances of being affected by the All groups had equal chances of being affected by the contaminantscontaminants

Ground water was the source of drinking water supplyGround water was the source of drinking water supply

No threat from surface waterNo threat from surface water

No threat from indoor air to the residentsNo threat from indoor air to the residents

Contaminated water was used in all industrial processesContaminated water was used in all industrial processes

Soil and sediment posed equal risk and are not cumulativeSoil and sediment posed equal risk and are not cumulative

Water treatment facility processes did not reduce the Water treatment facility processes did not reduce the contaminant levelcontaminant level

Assumptions Assumptions !!!!!!!!!!!!@@@@@@@!!!!!!!!!!!!@@@@@@@

Results: Cancer risk for industrial Results: Cancer risk for industrial workers workers

Results: Non cancer risk for industrial workers Results: Non cancer risk for industrial workers

Results: Pathway comparison for industrial Results: Pathway comparison for industrial workers workers

Results: Offsite adult cancer risk of residentsResults: Offsite adult cancer risk of residents

Results: Offsite adult non-cancer risk for Results: Offsite adult non-cancer risk for residentsresidents

Results: Offsite children cancer riskResults: Offsite children cancer risk

Results: Offsite children non cancer riskResults: Offsite children non cancer risk

Results: Pathway analysis for offsite Results: Pathway analysis for offsite exposureexposure

Conclusions Conclusions • Ingestion from soil and Ingestion from soil and sediment possess the highest sediment possess the highest exposure pathwaysexposure pathways

The soil and The soil and sediment are sediment are highly contaminated and are the highly contaminated and are the primary residue of most of the primary residue of most of the waste dumped by the companywaste dumped by the company

Dibenz(a,h)anthracene posed Dibenz(a,h)anthracene posed the largest cancer risk to the largest cancer risk to residents while Chyrsene was residents while Chyrsene was culprit for the non-cancer. culprit for the non-cancer.

Industrial workers Industrial workers were mostly exposed to arsenic, were mostly exposed to arsenic, and arsenic contamination posed and arsenic contamination posed the greatest hazard to arsenic.the greatest hazard to arsenic.

Most of the contaminants were Most of the contaminants were carcinogen thus making the carcinogen thus making the carcinogenic risk carcinogenic risk high while the non-cancer risk high while the non-cancer risk was non existentwas non existent

ReferencesReferences

http://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/HAC/PHA/facet/fac_p4.html#APPENDIhttp://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/HAC/PHA/facet/fac_p4.html#APPENDIXBXB

http://www.epa.govhttp://www.epa.gov

Dr. R. Authenrith (verbally) (Professor Civil Engineering)Dr. R. Authenrith (verbally) (Professor Civil Engineering)

Abhi ( smart risk operator)Abhi ( smart risk operator)

Q ???????Q ???????Thanks for listening to Thanks for listening to us !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!us !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!