ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT Proposed Diesel Power Plant ...eia.emb.gov.ph/.../INGRID-Diesel-Power-Plant-Draft... · Environmental Compliance Certificate (ECC) Application for INGRID

ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT

Proposed Diesel Power Plant Project Brgy. Malaya, Pililla, Rizal

Submitted to:

Environmental Management Bureau – Central Office

Submitted by:

INGRID Power Holdings, Inc.

31 July 2018

An Environmental Report By:

Unit 8L-M, Future Point Plaza 3 111 Panay Avenue, South Triangle Quezon City, Metro Manila, the Philippines Tel. No.: (02) 442-2830

Submitted To:

Department of Environment and Natural Resources Environmental Management Bureau – Central Office EMB Building, DENR Compound, Visayas Avenue Diliman, Quezon City

DOCUMENT TRACKING

Version No.

Report Compiled By: Checked By: Approved By:

Name Signature Name Signature Date

1 K. Santos, K. Bartolome, J. Leano

J. M. Lim J. M. Lim July 9, 2018







Distribution of Latest Version

No. of Copies

Submitted To: Date Submitted Received By: Remarks:

X DENR-EMB Central Office

X INGRID Power Holdings, Inc.

X LCI

31 July 2018

31 July 2018 ENGR. METODIO U. TURBELLA Director, Environmental Management Bureau – Central Office Department of Environment and Natural Resources EMB Building, DENR Compound, Visayas Avenue Diliman, Quezon City SUBJECT : Environmental Impact Statement (EIS)

Environmental Compliance Certificate (ECC) Application for INGRID Power Holdings, Inc’s Proposed INGRID Pililla 150-MW Diesel Power Plant Project

Brgy. Malaya, Pililla, Rizal Dear Director Turbella, We are submitting herewith the Environmental Impact Statement (EIS) as part of INGRID Power Holdings, Inc.’s Environmental Compliance Certificate (ECC) application for the proposed INGRID Pililla 150-MW Diesel Power Plant Project in Brgy. Malaya, Pililla, Rizal. The following documents are included as attachments:

1. SEC Registration of the Proponent 2. Proof of Authority over the Project Site 3. Duly signed and notarized Accountability Statements of the Proponent and the EIA Preparer 4. Duly accomplished Project Environmental Monitoring & Audit Prioritization Scheme (PEMAPS) 5. Environmental Sampling Test Results 6. Locational Certification

For queries and coordination, you may contact us at (02) 730-6300 and/or our EIA Consultant for this project at (02) 442-2830. Sincerely yours, Ramon D. Cabazor Technical Manager, Business Development and Operations

TABLE OF CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ................................................................................................................. 1

Project Fact Sheet.............................................................................................................. 1 Process Documentation ..................................................................................................... 2 EIA Summary ..................................................................................................................... 7

1.0 PROJECT DESCRIPTION ................................................................................................... 1-1 1.1 Project Location and Area ....................................................................................... 1-2 1.2 Project Rationale .................................................................................................... 1-9 1.3 Project Alternatives .............................................................................................. 1-11 1.4 Project Components.............................................................................................. 1-14 1.5 Process/Technology .............................................................................................. 1-18 1.6 Project Size ........................................................................................................... 1-20 1.7 Development Plan, Description of Project Phases, and Corresponding Timeframes . 1-21 1.8 Manpower ............................................................................................................ 1-24 1.9 Project Cost .......................................................................................................... 1-24

2.0 ASSESSMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS .................................................................. 2-1 2.1 Land ....................................................................................................................... 2-1 2.2 Water ................................................................................................................... 2-27 2.3 Air ........................................................................................................................ 2-45 2.4 People .................................................................................................................. 2-70

3.0 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN ......................................................................... 3-1 3.1 Construction Environmental Program .................................................................... 3-10 3.2 Solid Waste Management ..................................................................................... 3-10 3.3 Hazardous Waste Management ............................................................................. 3-10 3.4 Occupational Health and Safety............................................................................. 3-11 3.5 Air Emissions Treatment ....................................................................................... 3-12 3.6 Vehicular Traffic Management .............................................................................. 3-12 3.7 Oil Spill Management ............................................................................................ 3-13

4.0 ENVIRONMENTAL RISK ASSESSMENT & EMERGENCY RESPONSE POLICY AND GUIDELINES 4-1 4.1 Methodology .......................................................................................................... 4-1 4.2 Risk Screening Level ................................................................................................ 4-1 4.3 Risk Identification and Analysis ............................................................................... 4-2 4.4 Identification of Potential Emergencies ................................................................... 4-5 4.5 Emergency Plan ...................................................................................................... 4-6 4.6 Safety and Health Program .................................................................................... 4-10

5.0 SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT PLAN AND IEC FRAMEWORK ....................................................... 5-1 5.1 Social Development Program .................................................................................. 5-2 5.2 Information and Education Campaign ...................................................................... 5-5

6.0 ENVIRONMENTAL COMPLIANCE MONITORING ............................................................... 6-1 6.1 Self-Monitoring Plan ............................................................................................... 6-1 6.2 Multi-Sectoral Monitoring Framework..................................................................... 6-7 6.3 Environmental Guarantee and Monitoring Fund Commitments ................................ 6-8

7.0 DECOMMISSIONING/ABANDONMENT/REHABILITATION POLICY ..................................... 7-1 8.0 INSTITUTIONAL PLAN FOR EMP IMPLEMENTATION ......................................................... 8-1

LIST OF TABLES

Table 1-1: Basic Information on the Proposed Project, Proponent, and EIA Preparer ....................................1-1

Table 1-2: Landmarks and Structures Adjacent to the Proposed Project Site .................................................1-2

Table 1-3: Comparison of Anticipated Environmental Impacts of Project Alternatives ................................ 1-11

Table 1-4: Area Allocation of the Proposed Project Components ................................................................. 1-14

Table 1-5: Tentative Project Development and Implementation Timeline ................................................... 1-22

Table 1-6: Manpower Requirement per Project Phase ................................................................................. 1-24

Table 2-1: Land Area of Region IV-A, Rizal Province, Pililla, and Brgy. Malaya ...............................................2-1

Table 2-2: Results of Soil Quality Analysis .................................................................................................... 2-15

Table 2-3: Frequency of Intercepted Plant Species at the Proposed Project Site.......................................... 2-17

Table 2-4: Summary List of Terrestrial Flora Species Identified in the Study Area ........................................ 2-23

Table 2-5: Summary of Terrestrial Flora Endemicity ..................................................................................... 2-23

Table 2-6: Summary List of Terrestrial Fauna Species Identified in the Study Area ...................................... 2-24

Table 2-7: Summary of Significant Baseline Findings and Potential Impacts and Mitigation on Land .......... 2-26

Table 2-8: Results of Groundwater Quality Analysis ..................................................................................... 2-33

Table 2-9: Results of Lake Water Quality Analysis ........................................................................................ 2-37

Table 2-10: Summary of Significant Baseline Findings and Potential Impacts and Mitigation on Water ...... 2-44

Table 2-11: Mean Historical Monthly Temperature and Rainfall Data (1991-2015) ..................................... 2-47

Table 2-12: Climatological Extremes in Tanay Rizal (2000-2017) .................................................................. 2-48

Table 2-13: Calculation of Estimated Carbon Emissions per Annum ............................................................. 2-52

Table 2-14: Philippine Standards for Noise in General Areas ........................................................................ 2-56

Table 2-15: Results of Ambient Air Quality Analysis (21 & 23 July 2017) ...................................................... 2-57

Table 2-16: Results of Noise Level Monitoring (21 & 23 July 2017)............................................................... 2-57

Table 2-17: Emission Concentrations from Point Sources ............................................................................. 2-61

Table 2-18: Input Data for Air Dispersion Model .......................................................................................... 2-62

Table 2-19: Emission Rates (g/s) from Point Sources .................................................................................... 2-62

Table 2-20: Scenario for Air Dispersion Model.............................................................................................. 2-62

Table 2-21: Predicted Incremental Maximum Ground-Level Concentration (GLC) of Criteria Air Pollutants 2-64

Table 2-22: BACTs for NO2 Emission Control ................................................................................................. 2-64

Table 2-23: Summary of Significant Baseline Findings and Potential Impacts and Mitigation on Air ........... 2-69

Table 2-24: Population of Region IV-A, Rizal Province, Pililla, and Brgy. Malaya (2010, 2015) ..................... 2-70

Table 2-25: Land Tenure in the Project Impact Area ..................................................................................... 2-71

Table 2-26: Housing Tenure in the Project Impact Area ................................................................................ 2-71

Table 2-27: Type of Housing Structures in the Project Impact Area .............................................................. 2-71

Table 2-28: Place of Origin of Household Heads in the Project Impact Area ................................................ 2-72

Table 2-29: Religious Affiliation of Household Heads in the Project Impact Area ........................................ 2-72

Table 2-30: Pililla Water District Service Connection Data ............................................................................ 2-73

Table 2-31: Drinking Water Supply Sources of Households in the Project Impact Area ................................ 2-73

Table 2-32: Sanitary Toilet Facility of Households in the Project Impact Area .............................................. 2-74

Table 2-33: Highest Educational Attainment of Household Heads in the Project Impact Area ..................... 2-75

Table 2-34: Ten Leading Causes of Morbidity in Pililla, Rizal (2013-2015) .................................................... 2-76

Table 2-35: Ten Leading Causes of Mortality in Pililla, Rizal (2013-2015) ..................................................... 2-76

Table 2-36: Common Diseases that Affect Households in the Project Impact Area ...................................... 2-76

Table 2-37: Income Sources of Households in the Project Impact Area ........................................................ 2-78

Table 2-38: Employment Distribution in Pililla by Type of Industry (2012) ................................................... 2-78

Table 2-39: Occupation/Source of Income of Household Heads ................................................................... 2-78

Table 2-40 Summary of Significant Baseline Findings and Potential Impacts and Mitigation on People ...... 2-83

Table 3-1: Environmental Management Plan..................................................................................................3-3

Table 3-2: Risk Areas and Activities .............................................................................................................. 3-13

Table 4-1: Risk Screening Matrix .....................................................................................................................4-1

Table 4-2: Effects of SO2 Exposure ..................................................................................................................4-3

Table 4-3: Effects of NO2 Exposure..................................................................................................................4-4

Table 4-4: Emergency Scenarios for the Project ..............................................................................................4-6

Table 4-5: Emergency Response Procedures for Different Scenarios ..............................................................4-7

Table 4-6: Roles and Responsibilities in the Emergency Plan........................................................................ 4-10

Table 5-1: Matrix of Social Development Plan ................................................................................................5-3

Table 5-2: Matrix of the Project’s IEC Plan ......................................................................................................5-6

Table 6-1: Environmental Monitoring Plan (EMoP) ........................................................................................6-2

Table 6-2: Proposed Composition of the MMT for the Project .......................................................................6-7

LIST OF FIGURES

Figure 1-1: Vicinity Map of the Proposed Project Site ....................................................................................1-4

Figure 1-2: Technical Coordinates of the Proposed Project Site .....................................................................1-5

Figure 1-3: Acccessibility Map of the Proposed Project Site ...........................................................................1-6

Figure 1-4: Aerial Photograph of the Proposed Project Location ....................................................................1-7

Figure 1-5: Direct and Indirect Impact Areas of the Proposed Project ............................................................1-8

Figure 1-6: Power Demand and Supply Balance .............................................................................................1-9

Figure 1-7: Ancillary Services for Power Quality and Reliability ................................................................... 1-10

Figure 1-8: Modular Diesel Power Plant Technology .................................................................................... 1-13

Figure 1-9: Plant Layout Plan for the Proposed Project ................................................................................ 1-16

Figure 1-10: General Site Layout Plan for the Proposed Project ................................................................... 1-17

Figure 2-1: Barangay Boundaries Map of Pililla, Rizal .....................................................................................2-2

Figure 2-2: Existing Urban Zoning Map of Pililla, Rizal ....................................................................................2-3

Figure 2-3: Elevation Map of Pililla, Rizal ........................................................................................................2-5

Figure 2-4: Slope Map of Pililla, Rizal ..............................................................................................................2-6

Figure 2-5: Geologic Map of Pililla, Rizal .........................................................................................................2-7

Figure 2-6: Active Faults and Liquefaction Susceptibility Map of Region IV-A ................................................2-9

Figure 2-7: Landslide and Flood Susceptibility Map of Pililla, Rizal ............................................................... 2-10

Figure 2-8: Soil Map of Pililla, Rizal ............................................................................................................... 2-12

Figure 2-9: Photos and Coordinates of the Soil Sampling Points .................................................................. 2-13

Figure 2-10: Location Map of the Soil Sampling Points ................................................................................. 2-14

Figure 2-11: Land Cover Map of Pililla, Rizal (2017) ...................................................................................... 2-18

Figure 2-12: Photos and Coordinates of the Terrestrial Survey Stations....................................................... 2-19

Figure 2-13: Location Map of the Terrestrial Survey Stations ....................................................................... 2-20

Figure 2-14: Photos of Observed Vegetation in the Proposed Project Site ................................................... 2-21

Figure 2-15: Vegetation Map of Pililla, Rizal (2017) ...................................................................................... 2-22

Figure 2-16: Some Terrestrial Fauna found in the Laguna de Bay Basin ....................................................... 2-24

Figure 2-17: Photos and Coordinates of the Groundwater Sampling Points ................................................. 2-31

Figure 2-18: Location Map of the Groundwater Sampling Points ................................................................. 2-32

Figure 2-19: Photos and Coordinates of the Lake Water Sampling Points .................................................... 2-34

Figure 2-20: Location Map of the Lake Water Sampling Points .................................................................... 2-36

Figure 2-21: Some Aquatic Flora found in the Laguna de Bay Basin ............................................................. 2-40

Figure 2-22: Chlorophyll-a Concentrations at the Laguna Lake Central Bay in 2016 ..................................... 2-40

Figure 2-23: Phytoplankton Counts at the Laguna Lake Central Bay in 2016 ................................................ 2-41

Figure 2-24: Zooplankton Counts at the Laguna Lake Central Bay in 2016 ................................................... 2-42

Figure 2-25: Benthos Population at the Laguna Lake Central Bay in 2016 .................................................... 2-43

Figure 2-26: Climatological Map of the Philippines....................................................................................... 2-49

Figure 2-27: Frequencies of Tropical Cyclones in the Philippines .................................................................. 2-50

Figure 2-28: PAGASA Climate Projection for 2020 and 2050 covering Rizal Province ................................... 2-51

Figure 2-29: Simplified Equation for Tier 1 Method of GHG Quantification .................................................. 2-52

Figure 2-30: Photos and Coordinates of the Ambient Air & Noise Level Monitoring Stations ...................... 2-54

Figure 2-31: Location Map of the Ambient Air and Noise Level Monitoring Stations ................................... 2-55

Figure 2-32: Model Domain of the Study Area .............................................................................................. 2-59

Figure 2-33: Wind Rose Diagram based from the Mesoscale Regional Meteorological Data of Three Years 2-60

Figure 2-34: Digitized Terrain Map of the Study Area ................................................................................... 2-61

Figure 2-35: Isopleth of the Incremental 98th Percentile 24-hr Average NO2 Concentration ....................... 2-65

Figure 2-36: Isopleth of the Incremental 98th Percentile 8-hr Average CO concentration ........................... 2-65

Figure 2-37: Isopleth of the Incremental 98th Percentile 24-hr Average SO2 Concentration ........................ 2-66

Figure 2-38: Isopleth of the Incremental 98th Percentile 24-hr Average TSP Concentration ........................ 2-66

Figure 2-39: Isopleth of the Incremental 98th Percentile 24-hr Average PM10 Concentration ...................... 2-67

Figure 2-40: Isopleth of the Incremental 98th Percentile 24-hr Average NO2 Concentration at 8.6m Stack Ht. 2-67

Figure 2-41: Isopleth of the Incremental 98th Percentile 24-hr Average NO2 Concentration with More Efficient Engines ................................................................................................................................................. 2-68

Figure 2-42: Isopleth of the Incremental 98th Percentile 24-hr Average NO2 Concentration with Catalytic Converters ............................................................................................................................................ 2-68

Figure 2-43: Summary of Perception Survey Results (Awareness) ................................................................ 2-80

Figure 2-44: Summary of Perception Survey Results (Perception) ................................................................ 2-81

Figure 2-45: Summary of Perception Survey Results (Perceived Impacts) .................................................... 2-82

Figure 3-1: Oil Spill Response Plan ................................................................................................................ 3-15

Figure 4-1: Emergency Response Plan.............................................................................................................4-7

Figure 6-1: Prescribed Sampling Points for Monitoring ..................................................................................6-6

Figure 8-1: Organizational Chart for the Institutional Plan .............................................................................8-2

LIST OF ATTACHMENTS

ATTACHMENT 1: SEC Registration of the Proponent

ATTACHMENT 2: Proof of Authority over the Project Site

ATTACHMENT 3: Duly signed and notarized Accountability Statements of the Proponent and the EIA Preparer

ATTACHMENT 4: Duly accomplished Project Environmental Monitoring & Audit Prioritization Scheme (PEMAPS)

ATTACHMENT 5: Environmental Sampling Results

ATTACHMENT 6: Locational Certification

ATTACHMENT 7: Detailed Specifications of Modular Diesel Engines

INGRID POWER HOLDINGS, INC. ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT INGRID PILILLA 150-MW DIESEL POWER PLANT PROJECT Pililla, Rizal EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

ES-1

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

PROJECT FACT SHEET

Project Name INGRID Pililla 150-MW Diesel Power Plant Project

Project Location Brgy. Malaya, Pililla, Rizal, Region IV-A (CALABARZON)

Project Area 6.8 hectares

Project Type Thermal Power Plant (Diesel-Fired)

Project Size/Capacity 150 megawatts (MW)

Summary of Project Components

Major Components:

• 150 units of 1-MW diesel-fueled engines Auxiliary Facilities:

• Substation (switching and metering station)

• Transmission Line (~924-m single-circuit 230-kV line to NGCP Malaya Substation)

• Fuel Storage Tanks (2 units of 3,000 m3 cylindrical tanks)

• Instrumentation and Control System (PLC and SCADA system)

• Administration Building and Other Site Facilities (containerized)

• Service Water System

• Fire Protection System

Project Cost PHP 1,500,000,000.00

Project Duration and Schedule

• Site Preparation and Power Plant Construction: Q4 2018 – Q2 2019

• Installation, Testing, and Commissioning: Q2 2019

Project Proponent Name, Address, Contact Details, and Authorized Representatives

INGRID Power Holdings, Inc. (an SPV of AC Energy, Inc. and Marubeni Corporation) Office Address: 4/F, 6750 Office Tower, Ayala Avenue, Ayala Center, Makati City Tel. No.: (02) 730-6300

Authorized Representatives: Atty. Dodjie D. Lagazo Attorney-in-Fact Ms. Janel M. Bea Attorney-in-Fact

EIA Preparer Name, Address, Contact Details, and Authorized Representative

LCI Envi Corporation Office Address: Unit 8L-M, Future Point Plaza 3, 111 Panay Avenue, South Triangle, Quezon City Tel. No.: (02) 442-2830 Fax No.: (02) 961-9226 Authorized Representative: Engr. Jose Marie U. Lim EIA Team Leader


ES-2

PROCESS DOCUMENTATION

Terms of Reference for the EIA Study

The Philippine Environmental Impact Statement System (PEISS), under Presidential Decree No. 1586, is a key planning tool for any major project that needs the incorporation of sustainable development. The main purpose of sustainable development activities is to support the project’s intended business interest, while preserving or minimizing its negative effects to its surrounding environment and host communities.

INGRID Power Holdings, Inc. (the Proponent), the special purpose vehicle (SPV) formed for the partnership of AC Energy, Inc. (AC Energy) and Marubeni Corporation (Marubeni), is planning to develop a 150-MW diesel engine power plant in Brgy. Malaya, Pililla, Rizal, Region IV-A (CALABARZON). The SPV intends to enter into an Ancillary Services Procurement Agreement (ASPA) with the National Grid Corporation of the Philippines (NGCP), whereby the SPV will be required to deliver 80 MW of firm Regulating Reserve capacity and 70 MW of firm Contingency Reserve capacity for a period of five years, which may be extended for another five-year period.

The Proponent is required to secure an Environmental Compliance Certificate (ECC) from the DENR-EMB prior to any development in the project site. Pre-requisite to the acquisition of an ECC for a project of this scale is the preparation of an Environmental Impact Statement (EIS), as stated in Annex A, Item No. 3.2.4 (Other Thermal Power Plants e.g., coal, diesel, bunker, etc. with total power generating capacity equal to or greater than 30 MW) of the EMB Memorandum Circular 005-2014 (Revised Guidelines for Coverage Screening and Standardized Requirements under the Philippine EIS System). The Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) Study used the EIS Scoping and Screening Form for Thermal Power Plant Projects as a guide in the impact analysis.

Scope of the EIA Study

This EIA Report documents the baseline environmental conditions in the proposed project area in relation to the various stages of development of the proposed project. This report also presents how INGRID Power Holdings, Inc. plans to manage the environmental impacts associated with the proposed INGRID Pililla 150-MW Diesel Power Plant operations through a comprehensive environmental management and monitoring plan. This document shall be submitted to the Environmental Management Bureau (EMB) Central Office for review and evaluation.

EIA Study Team

LCI Envi Corporation (LCI) was commissioned by INGRID Power Holdings, Inc. to conduct the EIA study for the proposed INGRID Pililla 150-MW Diesel Power Plant Project. LCI was tasked to prepare, document, and, on behalf of the Proponent, submit to the DENR-EMB all the necessary information related to the proposed Project. The following table presents the EIA Study Team composition.

CONSULTANT EXPERTISE REGISTRATION NO.

Jose Marie U. Lim, MSc Team Leader/Environmental Specialist IPCO-029

Joseph P. Lalo, MA Sociologist IPCO-149

Consolacion G. Lim Environmental Specialist -

Ma. Krisha Christine L. Santos Environmental Specialist IPCO-413

Kevin Paolo G. Bartolome Environmental Specialist IPCO-353

Jerome B. Leaño Environmental Specialist IPCO-059


ES-3

EIA Study Schedule

The timetable for the EIA study is shown in the following table.

EIA STUDY MILESTONES DATE REMARKS

Information and Education Campaign (IEC) February 13, 2018

Request for Public and Technical Scoping/Submission of Project Description for Scoping (PDS) to EMB Central Office

April 3, 2018 Submission included the following:

• Documentation Report of the IEC and Initial Perception Survey

• List of invitees for the Public Scoping

• Draft invitation letter for the Public Scoping

• Draft project presentation for the Public Scoping

Public Scoping May 2, 2018 ---

Submission of Public Scoping Report (PSR) to EMB Central Office

May 4, 2018 ---

Technical Scoping at EMB Central Office May 16, 2018 ---

Submission of EIA Report to EMB Central Office

July 2018 ---

EIA Study Area

The proposed project site is situated in Brgy. Malaya in the Municipality of Pililla, Rizal, Region IV-A (CALABARZON). Initially, the project impact area generally consisted of the 6.8-hectare project footprints as the direct impact area (DIA) and the areas in the immediate vicinity of the project site in the host LGU of Malaya and Pililla as the indirect impact area (IIA). In accordance with the guidelines provided in DAO 2017-15, after the completion of the EIA study, the delineation of the direct and indirect impact areas was updated as follows:

For the Land component, the direct impact area (DIA) pertains to the areas that will be cleared and developed for the construction and operation of the proposed project components, which are identified in Section 1.4.

For the Water component, the DIA refers to the existing deep well within the project site that will be tapped to supply the service water requirement of the project and may be affected by the proposed project activities. The Laguna de Bay, nearby groundwater sources, and barangay irrigation system were considered in the general characterization of the project area.

For the Air component, the DIA covers the areas within the host barangay of Malaya, where the ground-level concentrations (GLC) of nitrogen dioxide (NO2), the criteria pollutant of potential concern, were projected to exceed the ambient standard based on the air dispersion model conducted.

For the People component, the IIA encompasses the communities in the host Municipality of Pililla, particularly Brgy. Malaya (host barangay) and Brgy. Niogan (north of Malaya), and in the adjacent Municipality of Jalajala, particularly Brgy. Sipsipin (south of Malaya), which are expected to benefit from the employment, business opportunities, taxes, and other potential socio-economic contributions of the project. The IIA coverage may be expanded to include the Province of Rizal, Region IV-A (CALABARZON), and the entire Luzon region, which can also benefit from the ancillary services to be provided by the project to the power grid.


ES-4

EIA Study Methodology

The methods employed in each of the four modules of the EIA study are summarized as follows:

EIA MODULE METHODS PURPOSE

Land • Review of land use plan in the host municipality of Pililla, Rizal

• Soil sampling and quality analysis

• Review of relevant geologic maps covering the study area

• Assessment of terrestrial ecology in the study area through desktop-based evaluation and on-site surveys

• To assess land use/zoning compatibility of the proposed project

• To establish baseline information on soil quality in the proposed project site

• To assess possible impacts of geologic hazards on the proposed development

• To establish baseline information on terrestrial flora and fauna in the proposed project site

Air • Climatological data from the Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical, and Astronomical Services Administration (PAGASA)

• Ambient air quality and noise level monitoring and analysis

• Air dispersion modeling

• To assess possible impacts of meteorology on the proposed development

• To establish baseline information on ambient air quality and noise levels in the project area with considerations on relevant national standards

• To assess possible impacts of proposed project activities on air quality in the impact area

Water • Lake and groundwater water sampling and quality analysis to establish the baseline

• Review of available water quality monitoring data covering the study area (i.e., LLDA)

• To establish baseline information on water quality in the project area with considerations on relevant national standards

People • Socio-economic and perception survey in the project impact areas

• Review of socio-economic profile of the communities in the impact area (host barangay Malaya and municipality of Pililla and adjacent barangays Niogan and Sipsipin, and municipality of Jalajala)

• Stakeholder consultations (focused group discussion, key informant interview with various stakeholders

• To establish baseline information on the socio-economic conditions in the impact areas and general perception on the proposed project

• To involve stakeholders in the EIA process and address issues and concerns on the proposed project

Scoping and Public Participation

Information and Education Campaign

As stipulated in the DENR Administrative Order No. 2017-15 (Guidelines on Public Participation under the Philippine Environmental Impact Statement System), at the onset of the EIA process, early involvement of stakeholders must be initiated before the scoping through the conduct of information and education campaign (IEC) and focused group discussions (FGDs).


ES-5

For the proposed INGRID Pililla Diesel Power Plant Project, the invitation to conduct the IEC was coursed through the host community: the barangay local government unit (BLGU) of Malaya in the Municipality of Pililla, Rizal. The communication letter was officially received by the barangay secretary on February 9, 2018 (Friday).

The IEC activity was conducted at the barangay council session hall of Malaya from 9:30AM to 12:00PM on February 13, 2018 (Tuesday). The participants were composed of BLGU Malaya officials, staff, and council members (Sangguniang Brgy.), as well as various civil society organizations (CSOs) representing the local fisherfolks, farmers, transport groups, senior citizens, women, academe, overseas Filipino workers (OFWs), health and religious sectors. The meeting was facilitated by LCI (EIA Consultant), together with the Proponent representatives.

The preliminary issues and concerns raised and addressed during the IEC activity for the proposed project covered a wide array of subject matter, from health to the local economy to the environment, owing to the multi-sectoral composition of the audience, albeit small in number. The importance of constant open communication between the community and the project Proponent throughout the different phases of the project implementation was emphasized during the meeting. The complete documentation report of the IEC (and the initial perception survey) was submitted to the EMB Central Office on April 3, 2018 as part of the request for scoping.

Initial Perception Survey

To assess the preliminary knowledge and perception of the community representatives on the proposed diesel power, an initial perception survey was conducted in conjunction with the IEC activity held in Barangay Malaya, Pililla, Rizal on February 13, 2018.

Each respondent was asked to fill out a two-page survey form, which was written in the local vernacular (Tagalog). The initial perception survey form had two parts. The first part contained 11 questions on the respondent’s profile, while the second part had six questions that aimed to gauge the awareness and gather the opinion of the respondent regarding the proposed project.

A total of 21 respondents participated in the initial perception survey, the results of which have been presented in the documentation report submitted to the EMB Central Office on April 3, 2018 as part of the request for scoping.

Public Scoping

As further stipulated in DAO 2017-15, scoping can then be performed to establish the scope of work and terms of reference for the EIA once the social preparation activities are completed. For the proposed Project, the request to conduct Public Scoping was first submitted to the EMB Central Office on March 2, 2018 and then re-submitted on April 3, 2018 with revisions.

On April 23, 2018, the Notice of Public Scoping (scheduled on May 2, 2018), along with an e-copy of the Project Description Report (PDR), was posted in the EMB Website for free public viewing. The invitation letters (signed by the EMB – EIA Management Division chief) were officially distributed on April 26, 2017 to the following invitees identified based on the stakeholder groups indicated in Section 5 of DAO 2017-15.

The Public Scoping activity was conducted from 8:00AM to 11:00AM on May 2, 2018 (Wednesday) at the Ynares Multi-Purpose Covered Court located beside the barangay hall of Malaya. A total of 46 participated in the meeting, which was facilitated by LCI Envi Corporation (EIA Consultant), together with the representatives from INGRID Power Holdings, Inc.


ES-6

The issues and concerns raised during the Public Scoping were similar with those that were raised during the social preparation activities (IEC and FGDs). A wide array of subject matter, from health to the local economy to the environment were covered owing to the multi-sectoral composition of the audience. Again, the importance of constant open communication between the community and the project Proponent throughout the different phases of the project implementation was highlighted. The complete documentation report of the Public Scoping was submitted to the EMB Central Office on May 4, 2018.

Focused Group Discussion

From the Public Scoping it was noted that the concerns raised by the representative of the Malaya Irrigators and Farmers Association called for a focused group discussion (FGD) with the stakeholder group. The FGD was conducted by the Study Team with the members of the said organization at the barangay council session hall of Malaya on May 23, 2018 (Wednesday). The concerns raised and noted were: 1) that they would be informed about the potential impacts of the proposed power plant’s air emissions on the barangay irrigation system and nearby farmlands; 2) that assistance would be provided to local farmers in case of adverse project impacts to their current livelihood sources; and 3) that skilled local farmers would be given employment opportunities in the project. FGD participants also acted as suitable key informants in identification of local flora and fauna in the area.

Socio-Economic and Perception Survey

As part of the baseline characterization and impact assessment on People, a socio-economic and perception survey was conducted on May 23 to 25, 2018. The survey covered three barangays, with the host community of Brgy. Malaya (Pililla) as the primary impact area and the adjacent barangays, Niogan (Pililla) and Sipsipin (Jalajala), as secondary impact areas.

The socio-economic and perception survey employed random sampling based on estimated 1,550 households in Brgy. Malaya, with 95% confidence level and 5% margin of error. This resulted to a sampling size of 310 households for Brgy. Malaya. The households covered for the adjacent barangays, Niogan and Sipsipin, were 44 and 46, respectively. A total of 400 households were covered in the survey.

Through local enumerators, the respondents were asked to accomplish a two-page survey form, which was written in the local vernacular (Tagalog). The perception survey form had six parts: A) Respondent Profile, with four question items; B) Household Head Profile, with nine items; C) Household Profile, with 10 items; D) Housing, Land Tenure, and Assets, with five items; E) Household Access to Basic Utilities, with four items; and F) Awareness and Perception about the Proposed Project.

The results of the said survey are summarized in Section 2.4.9 of this report.

Technical Scoping

The technical scoping was held at the EMB Central Office on May 26, 2018 with the Project Proponent (INGRID Power Holdings, Inc.), its EIA Consultant (LCI) and equipment lessor (Aggreko). The composition of the EIA Review Committee is presented below.

EIA REVIEW COMMITTEE MEMBER AREA/S OF CONCERN REGISTRATION NO.

Chester Cabalza Sociology RCO-053

Elsie Cezar ERA RCO-003

Jundy del Socorro Air Quality RPCO-009


ES-7

Pura Vita Pedrosa Water Quality, EMP RCO-037

Teresita Perez Terrestrial Ecology, Freshwater Ecology RCO-010

The EIS Scoping and Screening Form for Thermal Power Plant Projects was used during the technical scoping to define the coverage of the EIA Study for the proposed INGRID Pililla 150-MW Diesel Power Plant Project.

EIA SUMMARY

Project Alternatives

In terms of siting, no other locations were considered for the proposed project. In terms of technology design and resources, the first option was a conventional thermal power plant that would utilize bunker fuel for power generation. However, a modular power technology that would use light diesel fuel oil presented greater promise in terms of technical capabilities and environmental considerations. These are discussed further in Section 1.3 of this report.

Key Findings of the Environmental Baseline Studies

The findings of the environmental baseline studies conducted for each of the four EIA modules are summarized in the following table.

MODULE SUMMARY OF FINDINGS

LAND

Land Use and Classification

• The proposed project site is situated in an area designated as Industrial Zone in Pililla, Rizal.

• The proposed project site does not fall within any declared ECA and is not covered by any tenurial instrument.

• There are no visually significant landforms, landscapes, or structures in the proposed project site that can potentially be affected by the project activities.

Pedology • Based on the soil quality assessment, the detected levels of all parameters tested were way below the respective threshold limits/intervention values.

Terrestrial Ecology

• Six plant species are recorded from the quadrat sampling: Eucalyptus tereticornis (red gum tree), Leucaena leucocephala (ipil-ipil), Imperata cylindrica (cogon), Terminalia catappa (talisay), Saccharum spontaneum (talahib), and Trichosanthes cucumerina (tabugok).

WATER

Hydrology • The area of the Municipality of Pililla where the proposed project will be located falls within the Central Bay zone of the Laguna Lake.

• The proposed project site is not directly traversed by any creek.

Water Quality • Detected Mercury level (0.0016 mg/L) at deep well in project site (SP 5) slightly exceeded DOH, DENR, and DIV standards.

AIR

Meteorology • The proposed project area mainly belongs to Type I climate under the modified Coronas classification with two pronounced seasons: dry from November to April and wet for the rest of the year).

• Temperature is highest in May and lowest in January. Precipitation is highest in July and lowest in April.

• The prevailing wind in the area comes predominantly from the northeastern direction (October to April), while winds from the west are felt from May to September.

• An average of 3 tropical cyclones passes by the Pililla area every 2 years.


ES-8

MODULE SUMMARY OF FINDINGS

Ambient Air Quality and Noise

• The 4 sampling stations showed acceptable ambient air conditions, with most values way below the specified NAAQS limits. However, the morning shift TSP concentration detected at Station 2 (Malaya Elementary School and Brgy. Hall site) almost reached the NAAQS threshold value.

• Only the noise level propagation observed during daytime at Station 3 (proposed project site) passed the NPCC-prescribed standard.

PEOPLE

• Water supply sources in Pililla include piped connection, deep wells, shallow wells, open wells, springs, and rain water. As of 2017, 80% of households in Pililla have access to electricity through MERALCO.

• The consistent leading cause of morbidity in Pililla from 2013 to 2015 was acute upper respiratory tract infection.

• The employment distribution by type of industry in Pililla: 32.93% in services sector; 23.62% in construction; 18% in agriculture, forestry, and fishery; remaining 26% in manufacturing, commerce, transportation & communication, mining & quarrying.

• Based on the perception survey, 79% of the 400 respondents did not have prior knowledge about the proposed project. A good portion (41%) of the respondents believed that the proposed project would be beneficial, while 6% believed otherwise; majority (52%) were undecided. The most cited potential positive impact of the project is employment generation (97%), followed by tax revenues (71%), business opportunities (59%). Conversely, the most cited potential negative impact of the project is air pollution (93%), followed by water pollution (77%), noise (73%), and adverse effect on the Laguna Lake (73%).

Summary of Main Impacts and Residual Effects of the Project

The main project impacts of the proposed Project for each environmental component are summarized in the following table.

MODULE SUMMARY OF IMPACTS ANALYSIS MITIGATION/ENHANCEMENT MEASURES

LAND

Land Use and Classification

The proposed project site is situated in an area designated as an Industrial Zone in Pililla, Rizal.

Securing of zoning clearance for the project from the Pililla LGU.

Solid waste is expected to be produced. Implementation of a solid waste management plan

Pedology There may be some soil erosion due to the earth movement during the site development.

Limitation of earth movement to areas where site development is necessary Implementation of oil spill management plans

There is a risk of soil contamination due to the maintenance of engines and transfer of diesel fuel.

Installation of oily wastewater treatment facility

Terrestrial Ecology

Some vegetation must be cleared prior to the installation of the engines.

Limitation of vegetation clearing to areas where project components will be installed or constructed.

WATER

Water Quality Engine maintenance and fuel transfer may cause accidental oil spills, which may affect groundwater and surface water.

Installation of proper drainage and oily wastewater treatment facility

Possible siltation may be observed during site development.

Installation of silt traps

AIR


ES-9

MODULE SUMMARY OF IMPACTS ANALYSIS MITIGATION/ENHANCEMENT MEASURES

Meteorology Due to the nature of the project, greenhouse gases, such as carbon, will inevitably be released into the atmosphere, thus affecting the local micro-climate.

Regular and proper maintenance of engines for more efficient fuel combustion, thus reducing carbon emissions Scaling-up of carbon sequestration through tree planting

Ambient Air Quality and Noise

NO2 emissions from the engines may adversely affect the area.

Possible installation of pollution control devices such as but not limited to catalytic converters to lessen emissions

The generators are expected to emit noise. This may affect the ambient noise levels in the area.

Incorporation of silencer in the engine system to reduce the noise level within acceptable limits Maintenance of vegetation surrounding the area to serve as natural noise barriers

PEOPLE

Cultural/Lifestyle Change

Increase in income can introduce and expose workers and community to vices that tend to undermine morality.

Coordination with barangay LGUs and PNP to enforce law to avoid vice-related problems in the community Strict implementation of a drug and alcohol-free work environment Installation of CCTVs in strategic places

Threat to Public Health and Safety

Power plant emissions may cause adverse health effects (i.e., respiratory) to the community and workers if not properly mitigated. Crime incidence may also increase in the local community.

Conduct of medical missions and regular check-ups to workers and host and adjacent barangays. Coordination with Municipal Health Officer (MHO) and barangay health units to address health-related needs of the community Coordination with barangay officials to ensure peace and order among workers and community members

Generation of Local Benefits from the Project

Generation of additional source of income and livelihood Additional revenue for the local government Increased basic social services Addition and improvement of local residential dwellings

Implementation of social development programs that are responsive to local needs in the impact area

Traffic Congestion

Increase in traffic generation in the area due to delivery trucks coming in and out of the Plant

Coordination with LGU on scheduling and handling the flow of traffic near the project area


ES-10

Risks and Uncertainties relating to the Findings

The risks and uncertainties identified relating to the EIA findings of for each environmental component are summarized in the following table.

MODULE RISKS AND UNCERTAINTIES IMPLICATION ON DECISION MAKING

Land/Water Possible oil spills Bund walls and secondary containment are part of the fuel storage tank design.

Development of oil spill management plan

Air High GLC of NO2 due to operation of engines

INGRID commits to quarterly monitoring of ambient air quality. Catalytic converters, or other appropriate mitigating measures, will be applied if ambient air quality in the area will exceed the NAAQS.

People Possible health effects from emissions

Aside from installation of appropriate mitigating measures in case of NAAQS exceedance, INGRID will conduct medical missions and regular check-ups.

INGRID POWER HOLDINGS, INC. ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT INGRID PILILLA 150-MW DIESEL POWER PLANT PROJECT SECTION 1 Pililla, Rizal PROJECT DESCRIPTION

1-1

SECTION 1

1.0 PROJECT DESCRIPTION

INGRID Power Holdings, Inc. (the Proponent), the special purpose vehicle (SPV) formed for the partnership of AC Energy, Inc. (AC Energy) and Marubeni Corporation (Marubeni), is planning to develop a 150-MW diesel engine power plant in Brgy. Malaya, Pililla, Rizal, Region IV-A (CALABARZON). The SPV intends to enter into an Ancillary Services Procurement Agreement (ASPA) with the National Grid Corporation of the Philippines (NGCP), whereby the SPV will be required to deliver 80 MW of firm Regulating Reserve capacity and 70 MW of firm Contingency Reserve capacity for a period of five years, which may be extended for another five-year period.

The power plant will be composed of 150 modular diesel engine units, each having a rated capacity of 1 MW. These diesel units will be leased by the SPV from Aggreko International Projects Limited (Aggreko). The proposed project also involves the installation of a gas-insulated substation within the site and the construction of approx. 924-meter single-circuit transmission line, in order to connect the power plant to the Luzon Grid via the NGCP’s 230-kV Malaya Substation.

The Proponent is required to secure an Environmental Compliance Certificate (ECC) from the DENR-EMB prior to any development in the project site. Pre-requisite to the acquisition of an ECC for a project of this scale is the preparation of an Environmental Impact Statement (EIS), as stated in Annex A Item No. 3.2.4 (Other Thermal Power Plants e.g., coal, diesel, bunker, etc. with total power generating capacity equal to or greater than 30 MW) of the EMB Memorandum Circular 005-2014 (“Revised Guidelines for Coverage Screening and Standardized Requirements under the Philippine EIS System”).

Table 1-1 provides some basic information regarding the proposed project, the Proponent, and the Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) preparer.

Table 1-1: Basic Information on the Proposed Project, Proponent, and EIA Preparer

Project Name INGRID Pililla 150-MW Diesel Power Plant Project

Project Location Brgy. Malaya, Pililla, Rizal, Region IV-A (CALABARZON)

Project Area 6.8 hectares

Project Type Thermal Power Plant (Diesel-Fired)

Project Size/ Capacity 150 megawatts (150 x 1MW)

Project Proponent

INGRID Power Holdings, Inc. (an SPV of AC Energy, Inc. and Marubeni Corporation) Office Address: 4/F, 6750 Office Tower, Ayala Avenue, Ayala Center, Makati City Tel. No.: (02) 730-6300 Authorized Representatives: Atty. Dodjie D. Lagazo (Attorney-in-Fact) Ms. Janel M. Bea (Attorney-in-Fact)

EIA Preparer

LCI Envi Corporation Office Address: Unit 8L-M, Future Point Plaza 3, 111 Panay Avenue, South Triangle, Quezon City Tel. No.: (02) 442-2830 / Fax No.: (02) 961-9226 Authorized Representative: Engr. Jose Marie U. Lim (EIA Team Leader)


1-2

1.1 PROJECT LOCATION AND AREA

The proposed project will be utilizing a 6.8-hectare leased industrial lot in Brgy. Malaya in the Municipality of Pililla in the second legislative district of Rizal Province, Region IV-A (CALABARZON). Pililla is bounded in the north by Tanay, Rizal; in the east by Sta. Maria and Mabitac, Laguna; in the west by the Laguna de Bay; and in the south by Jalajala, Rizal.

The vicinity map and technical coordinates of the proposed project site are shown in Figure 1-1 and Figure 1-2, respectively. An aerial photograph of the location is shown in Figure 1-4.

The adjoining landmarks and structures observed in the vicinity of the proposed project site are listed in the table below.

Table 1-2: Landmarks and Structures Adjacent to the Proposed Project Site

DIRECTIONAL REFERENCE

ADJACENT LANDMARK OR STRUCTURE

BRIEF DESCRIPTION

North Malaya Thermal Power Plant

This 650-MW oil-fired power plant has two generating units, with the first commissioned in 1975 with 300-MW capacity and the second in 1979 with 350-MW capacity. It was first rehabilitated in 1995 by the Korea Electric Power Corp. under a 15-year rehabilitate-operate-manage-maintain agreement and is now government-owned through the Power Sector Assets and Liabilities Management Corporation. Its average total dependable capacity is 368 MW as of 2014.

Shell Training Center The site is part of the old Shell Lube Oil Refinery complex. The training center is presently used by PSFI to accommodate its social development activities, as well as hosting events by business partners and other corporate groups. Facilities include two training halls (300-pax total capacity); a demonstration farm that serves as an incubation center for innovations in agricultural technologies and practices; bunker houses and bungalows that can lodge up to 200 guests; and recreational amenities.

East Greif Philippines, Inc. Greif is a manufacturer of industrial packaging systems and industrial bulk containers.

Mount Sembrano This is classified by the Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology (PHIVOLCS) as an inactive volcano with no record of eruptions or with physical form changed by agents of weathering and erosion via formation of deep and long gullies. It lies between the boundaries of Jalajala and Pililla, Rizal and the town of Pakil in Laguna and, along with Talim Island, forms the southeastern rim of the Laguna Caldera. Its recorded maximum elevation is 743 meters above sea level.

South Agricultural area The area is used for rice cultivation.

West Laguna de Bay This lake borders the western part of the Subject Property. It is the Philippines’ largest inland body of water with an aggregate surface area of 900 square kilometers at its average highest elevation of 12.50 meters, and around 760 square kilometers at its average lowest elevation of 10.50 meters.

The proposed project site is situated within the old Shell Lube Oil refinery complex by the lakeside of the Laguna de Bay and along the Pililla – Jalajala – Pakil Road. The refinery commenced operations in 1973 and was the first lubeoil blending facility in the Philippines. It used to carry a processing capacity of 2,000 metric tons per day. It occupied 38 hectares of the 42-hectare


1-3

complex, among various storage tanks, the main lubeoil processing area, power plant, and bitumen blowing facilities. After 29 years of operation by the Pilipinas Shell Petroleum Corporation (PSPC), the refinery was shut down in 2002. The Shell Pililla Asset Closure and Environmental Clean-Up (Project SPACE-CUP) Team was formed and tasked to manage the closure of the facility. The demolition and clean up activities were completed in December 2009. The complex was then turned over in January 2010 to the Pilipinas Shell Foundation, Inc. (PSFI) and was redeveloped into a training center and demonstration farm presently managed by PSFI.

1.1.1 Accessibility of the Project Site

By land transportation, main access to the project site is via the Pililla – Jalajala – Pakil Road as shown in Figure 1-3. Alternatively, it may also be accessed through water transport via the Laguna de Bay.

1.1.2 Project Impact Areas

Initially, the project impact area generally consisted of the 6.8-hectare project footprints as the direct impact area (DIA) and the areas in the immediate vicinity of the project site in Barangay Malaya in the Municipality of Pililla as the indirect impact area (IIA). In accordance with the guidelines provided in DAO 2017-15, after the completion of the EIA study, the delineation of the direct and indirect impact areas was updated as follows:

• For the Land component, the direct impact area (DIA) pertains to the areas that will be cleared and developed for the construction and operation of the proposed project components, which are identified in Section 1.4.

• For the Water component, the DIA refers to the existing deep well within the project site that will be tapped to supply the service water requirement of the project and may be affected by the proposed project activities. The Laguna de Bay, nearby groundwater sources, and barangay irrigation system were considered in the general characterization of the project area (Section 2.2).

• For the Air component, the DIA covers the areas within the host barangay of Malaya, where the ground-level concentrations (GLC) of nitrogen dioxide (NO2), the criteria pollutant of potential concern, were projected to exceed the ambient standard based on the air dispersion model conducted (Section 2.3.2.2).

• For the People component, the IIA encompasses the communities in the host Municipality of Pililla, particularly Brgy. Malaya (host barangay) and Brgy. Niogan (north of Malaya), and in the adjacent Municipality of Jalajala, particularly Brgy. Sipsipin (south of Malaya), which are expected to benefit from the employment, business opportunities, taxes, and other potential socio-economic contributions of the project. The IIA coverage may be expanded to include the Province of Rizal, Region IV-A (CALABARZON), and the entire Luzon region, which can also benefit from the ancillary services to be provided by the project to the power grid.

The impact area delineation for the proposed project is graphically presented in Figure 1-5.


1-4

Figure 1-1: Vicinity Map of the Proposed Project Site

NOTE: Map provided by the Proponent

FIGURE NO.:

1-1

FIGURE TITLE:

Vicinity Map of the Proposed Project Site

PROJECT PROPONENT:

INGRID POWER HOLDINGS, INC.

PROJECT TITLE & LOCATION:

INGRID PILILLA 150-MW DIESEL POWER PLANT PROJECT Pililla, Rizal

REPORT PREPARER:

LCI ENVI CORPORATION


1-5

Figure 1-2: Technical Coordinates of the Proposed Project Site

NOTE: Map provided by the Proponent

FIGURE NO.:

1-2

FIGURE TITLE:

Technical Coordinates of the Proposed Project Site

PROJECT PROPONENT:




REPORT PREPARER:



1-6

Figure 1-3: Acccessibility Map of the Proposed Project Site

NOTE: Map generated by EIA Study Team using Google Earth

FIGURE NO.:

1-3

FIGURE TITLE:

Acccessibility Map of the Proposed Project Site

PROJECT PROPONENT:




REPORT PREPARER:



1-7

Figure 1-4: Aerial Photograph of the Proposed Project Location

NOTE: Aerial photograph taken by LCI Study Team on February 13, 2018 using drone

FIGURE NO.:

1-4

FIGURE TITLE:

Aerial Photograph of the Proposed Project Location

PROJECT PROPONENT:




REPORT PREPARER:


PROPOSED PROJECT SITE (showing approximate site boundaries)

MALAYA THERMAL POWER PLANT

SHELL TRAINING CENTER

PILILLA-JALAJALA-PAKIL ROAD

LAGUNA DE BAY


1-8

Figure 1-5: Direct and Indirect Impact Areas of the Proposed Project

NOTES: Map generated by EIA Study Team using Google Earth; Visual delineations are approximate. FIGURE NO.:

1-5 FIGURE TITLE:

Direct and Indirect Impact Areas of the Proposed Project PROJECT PROPONENT:

INGRID POWER HOLDINGS, INC. PROJECT TITLE & LOCATION:


REPORT PREPARER:


DIA ON LAND

Portions of 6.8-ha project site that will be cleared and developed, including the transmission line alignment

IIA ON PEOPLE

Brgy. Malaya, Pililla (Host Barangay)

IIA ON PEOPLE

Brgy. Niogan, Pililla (Adjacent Barangay)

IIA ON PEOPLE

Brgy. Sipsipin, Jalajala (Adjacent Barangay)

DIA ON WATER

Existing deep well in the project site that will be tapped to supply service water requirement of the project

DIA ON AIR

Areas where GLC of NO2 is projected to exceed the ambient air standard based on air dispersion model


1-9

1.2 PROJECT RATIONALE

In general, ancillary services are essential to sustaining the transmission capacity and maintaining the power quality, reliability, and security of the grid. Sudden fluctuations in the frequency and the voltage of the transmission system are typically brought about by the intermittent operations of renewable energy plants, unplanned outages of conventional power plants, as well as the daily operational cycle of large power consumers.

Through the deployment of modular, fast-start, high-speed, quick-response, small capacity, diesel-fired generating units, the proposed INGRID Pililla 150-MW Diesel Power Plant Project aims to deliver two types of ancillary services to the NGCP:

• Regulating Reserve (RR) / Frequency Regulation – The diesel units will respond to small, instantaneous fluctuations in system frequency, primarily brought about by conventional and rapid changes in the demand and supply of electricity. NGCP requires an automatic and immediate response from the generating unit/s providing RR by having all RR units to be online, typically at 50% capacity.

• Contingency Reserve (CR) / Spinning Reserve – The diesel units will respond to a significant drop in system frequency, as a result of an abrupt outage or loss of generating unit/s or transmission line in the system. Similar to RR, CR units are required by the NGCP to respond automatically to frequency triggers. Synchronization to the grid can be made on a sector level.

Figure 1-6: Power Demand and Supply Balance

NOTE: Illustration provided by the Proponent FIGURE NO.

1-8 FIGURE TITLE

Power Demand and Supply Balance PROJECT PROPONENT:



INGRID PILILLA 150-MW DIESEL POWER PLANT PROJECT Brgy. Malaya, Pililla, Rizal

REPORT PREPARER:


Demand Supply BalanceMaintaining demand-supply balance is key to power quality and reliability

60.0 Hz 60.3 Hz59.7 Hz

LOAD GENERATION


1-10

Figure 1-7: Ancillary Services for Power Quality and Reliability

NOTE: Illustration provided by the Proponent FIGURE NO.

1-7 FIGURE TITLE

Ancillary Services for Power Quality and Reliability PROJECT PROPONENT:




REPORT PREPARER:


Ancillary Services3 layers of defense to maintain power quality and reliability

5 sec 25 sec 10 Min 30 Min15 Min

Regulating Reserve

Contingency Reserve

Dispatchable Reserve

8 Hrs

Fast and automatic response to small changes in frequency from load fluctuations

Fast response to significant changes in frequency from loss of generation or transmission flows

Capacity to immediately replenish Contingency Reserve for next event requiring it


1-11

1.3 PROJECT ALTERNATIVES

Table 1-3: Comparison of Anticipated Environmental Impacts of Project Alternatives

ALTERNATIVES ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS

Conventional Thermal Power Plant Design

• Land: Site preparation and earthworks for a wider tract of land may entail considerable changes in the surface landform/terrain/slope and threat to terrestrial ecology due to vegetation removal and loss of habitat. Solid waste generation may be higher due to use of more resources and employment of more personnel.

• Water: Construction and operation of larger facilities may have higher water supply requirement that may, in turn, result to competition in water use and higher wastewater generation.

• Air: Due to the nature of the project, greenhouse gases will inevitably be released into the atmosphere, thus affecting the microclimate. Power plant emissions from the engines may also adversely affect ambient air quality in the project area if not properly mitigated.

• People: Local benefits from the large-scale project (i.e., increased employment, social and economic activities, tax revenues, and basic social services) may be greater. The thermal power plant may contribute to sustaining the transmission capacity and maintaining the power quality, reliability, and security of the grid. However, power plant emissions may cause adverse health effects to the community and workers if not properly mitigated.

Modular Power Technology (Proposed)

• Land: Minimal site preparation and earthworks may cause minor changes in the surface landform/terrain/slope and threat to terrestrial ecology. Solid waste generation may be low due to lower resource use and manpower requirement.

• Water: Water supply requirement is limited to domestic use and may pose little to no competition in water use. Wastewater generation is expected to be low.

• Air: Likewise, greenhouse gases will inevitably be released into the atmosphere, thus affecting the microclimate. Power plant emissions may also adversely affect ambient air quality in the project area if not properly mitigated.

• People: Local benefits from the project include increased employment, social and economic activities, tax revenues, and basic social services. The diesel power plant may also contribute to sustaining the transmission capacity and maintaining the power quality, reliability, and security of the grid. However, power plant emissions may also cause adverse health effects to the community and workers if not properly mitigated.

No-Project Scenario

• Land: The land use in the area will still be allotted for industries, according to the 2017-2026 CLUP of PIlilla.

• Air: Current ambient condition will remain to be affected by the operation of Malaya Thermal Power Plant and existing traffic. Low levels of air pollutants such as SO2, NOx, CO, and TSP will still be experienced; changes in the micro-climate will be minimal in the absence of the proposed project.

• Water: High levels of fecal coliform will still be observed in Laguna Lake, while elevated levels of Mercury and TPH will remain in the groundwater.

• People: The no-project scenario entails loss of local employment and service opportunities. The lack of ancillary services may compromise the sustainability of the transmission capacity and the quality, reliability, and security of the power grid.

1.3.1 Siting

Technical, environmental, and land use considerations were taken in the selection of the site for the proposed project. The absence of critical habitats within the project site and its proximity to possible tapping point (NGCP’s Malaya Substation) were some of the main factors that contributed to its selection. No other sites were considered for the proposed project.


1-12

1.3.2 Technology/Design Selection

A conventional thermal power plant facility that would utilize bunker fuel for power generation was initially proposed for the project. However, it was later decided that a modular power technology would be adopted for the following reasons:

• Fast start capability: Modular power technology can start-up, synchronize, and reach its full capacity within one minute, due to its high-speed reciprocating engine configuration.

• Frequency triggered start-up/shutdown: At defined settings, it automatically starts when the frequency drops and automatically de-synchronizes from the grid and shuts down as soon as the grid frequency returns to the normal bandwidth.

• Frequency stability: When the frequency decreases below the minimum set-point, the modular diesel engine will supply the additional power, in order to maintain the grid’s normal frequency. Conversely, when the system frequency increases above the maximum set-point, the generator will automatically decrease its load.

• Zero minimum stable loading: It can operate at zero minimum load for extended periods.

• Fast ramp rate: The ramp rate of a 1-MW modular diesel engine is about 35kW per second. Thus, it can operate from 0% to 100% MW output in 28 seconds.

Figure 1-8 shows an illustrative and an actual sample of a modular diesel power plant.

1.3.3 Resources

The use of diesel fuel for ancillary service purposes is particularly favored for the following reasons:

• Environmental impact: Diesel oil is much cleaner as compared to coal and bunker fuel oil, the use of which are proven to result in more carbon dioxide (CO2) per kWH of energy than other methods; increased sulfur content in some types of coal and bunker fuel oil may also produce sulfur dioxide and eventually sulfuric acid that can cause acid rain.

• Availability: Diesel fuel is obtained almost exclusively from crude oil/petroleum and availability of diesel is relatively stable.

• Affordability: Diesel is an affordable source of energy in the Philippines.


1-13

Figure 1-8: Modular Diesel Power Plant Technology

Sample modular diesel power plant layout illustration:

80-MW modular diesel power plant facility in Cerro Azul, Panama

SOURCE: Aggreko FIGURE NO.

1-8 FIGURE TITLE

Modular Diesel Power Plant Technology PROJECT PROPONENT:




REPORT PREPARER:



1-14

1.4 PROJECT COMPONENTS

The major components, auxillary facilities, and pollution control devices for the proposed project are summarized in the subsequent table. The plant and site layout plans for the proposed project are shown on Figure 1-9 and Figure 1-10, respectively.

Table 1-4: Area Allocation of the Proposed Project Components

COMPONENT SPECIFICATIONS AREA ALLOCATION

MAJOR COMPONENTS

Engine 1 No of Units 80 13,550 m2

Capacity 1 MW per engine (total 80 MW)

Model and Type KTA50G3+ (KTA50-G12)

Speed 1,800 rpm

No. of Cylinders 16 cylinders

Bore 159 mm (6.25 in)

Stroke 159 mm (6.25 in)

Total Power Output

1,048 kW (Continuous Power)

Fuel Consumption 264 L/hr

Compression Ratio 13.9:1

Piston Speed 1,875 ft/min (9.5 m/s)

Cylinder Block 4-cycle, 60o Vee

Other Features Built-in air intake, exhaust gas, fuel supply, lubrication, and cooling systems

Engine 2 No of Units 70 (plus 6 spare units)

Capacity 1 MW per engine (total 70 MW)

Model and Type QSK50G4 Tier 2 (Emissions Regulated Engine)

Speed 1,800 rpm

No. of Cylinders: 16 cylinders

Bore 159 mm (6.25 in)

Stroke 159 mm (6.25 in)

Total Power Output

1,048 kW (Continuous Power)

Fuel Consumption 264 L/hr

Compression Ratio 13.9:1

Piston Speed 1,875 ft/min (9.5 m/s)

Cylinder Block: 4-cycle, 60o Vee

Other Features Built-in air intake, exhaust gas, fuel supply, lubrication, and cooling systems

AUXILIARY FACILITIES

Substation Switching and Metering Station (Switchyard) 1,950 m2

Transmission Line Single-circuit 230-kV line (to NGCP 230-kV Malaya Substation)

Length ~924 meters

Width 15-m easement on each side from the center line

Fuel Storage Tanks 2 units of 3,000 m3 cylindrical tanks 500 m2

Instrumentation and Control System

PLC and SCADA System 29.5 m2 5 x 14.79 m2 (switchgears)


1-15

COMPONENT SPECIFICATIONS AREA ALLOCATION

Administration Building and Other Site Facilities

Eight (8) container units will be provided to function as:

• 3 units – site offices that can accommodate 2 people each

• 1 unit – kitchen/dining facility

• 2 connected units – workshop facility

• 1 unit – safety spare container

• 1 unit – ablution facility

8 x 14.79 m2 (administration and other facilities) 87.5 m2 (parking space) 296.78 m2 (allocated for spare containers)

Service Water System

Water Requirement:

100 m3/month

Total Pipe Length ~850 meters

Fire Protection System

• 1 unit 6kg DCP and 5kg CO2 per 6-pack block

• 1 unit 6kg DCP per control room & switchgear container

• 1 unit 5kg CO2 per office, kitchen, security, and store facility

• 1 unit 10-gallon foam trolley per fuel pump container

• 1 unit 25kg DCP per workshop container and 80-MVA transformer

Fire protection systems shall be installed in accordance with the requirements of the Revised Fire Code of the Philippines.

POLLUTION CONTROL FACILITIES

Exhaust Stacks No. of Units 1 for each generator (150 total)

Height 5.6 m (extendable up to 8.6 m) from the ground

Circumference 130 cm

Oily Waste Water Treatment System

3 units underground 16.73 m2

Septic Tank Reinforced concrete underground septic tank 5.96 m2


1-16

Figure 1-9: Plant Layout Plan for the Proposed Project

FIGURE NO.:

1-9

FIGURE TITLE:

Plant Layout Plan for the Proposed Project

PROJECT PROPONENT:




REPORT PREPARER:



1-17

Figure 1-10: General Site Layout Plan for the Proposed Project

FIGURE NO.:

1-10

FIGURE TITLE:

General Site Layout Plan for the Proposed Project

PROJECT PROPONENT:




REPORT PREPARER:



1-18

1.5 PROCESS/TECHNOLOGY

1.5.1 Major Components: Modular Diesel Generators

Each of the 150 diesel-fueled generating units will have a rated capacity of 1MW. It utilizes the 16-cylinder diesel engine as the prime mover where the fuel burned inside the combustion chambers produces mechanical energy which is converted in electrical energy as it drives directly coupled alternator. The components of each modular diesel engine generator are:

• Air Intake System: This system supplies sufficient air to the engine for an effective internal combustion. It consists of pipes for the supply of fresh air to the engine intake manifold. Filters are provided to remove dust particles from air which are abrasive to the engine cylinders. The intake air is turbo-charged and cooled by charge air cooler for best results.

• Exhaust Gas System: The exhaust system consists of the exhaust ducting, exhaust silencer, complete with spark arrestor and rain cap assembly. The exhaust gas exits the engine and passes through the exhaust ducting and exhaust out the top of the container through the rain cap assembly. Insulation and heat shields are fitted to the exhaust ducting to prevent operators contact with high temperature surface. A silencer is incorporated in the system to reduce the noise level to within the acceptable limits.

• Fuel Supply System: The engine fuel system will consist of an internal fuel tank, Racor filters, fine fuel filter, fuel pump, injection pump and nozzles. Fuel is pumped from the fuel tanks through the Racor filters to the fine fuel filters and then passed to the injectors and then to the injection nozzles. Diesel oil will be stored in fuel tanks with 1,290 liters (gross) capacity. It should meet the minimum specifications on specific gravity, density, water content, heating value, and sulfur content, as required by law and acceptable to the engine requirements.

• Engine Oil Lubrication System: The lubrication system with a capacity of 177 liters for KTA50G3+ engine and 182 liters for QSK50G4 engine includes lubricating oil tank, oil pump, strainer, and sump, all fitted internally within the engine block. Lubricating system aims to reduce the wear of the engine moving parts such as piston, shaft, and valves. It also cools the engine. In the lubrication system, the oil is pumped from the lubricating oil tank through the oil cooler where the oil is cooled by the cold water entering the engine. The hot oil after cooling the moving parts will be pumped to the lubricating oil tank.

• Cooling System: The engine’s cooling system uses cooling fluid which is factory filled with Valvoline HD anti-freeze and anti-corrosion coolant, in 50-50 water-coolant concentration where flow to the radiator is controlled by thermostat. Top-up requirement depending on need which requires assessment every 300 running hours.

Each power-generating unit will be housed in a bunded ISO 20-feet container with a footprint of 14.79 square meters.

Part of the lease agreement with the supplier will be that the engines should meet the National Emission Standards for Source Specific Air Pollutants (NESSAP) requirement. The company intends to use the engines based on the specifications presented. The engines will be delivered to the site using the existing road network (i.e., via the Pililla – Jalajala – Pakil Road).


1-19

1.5.2 Auxiliary Facilities

Support facilities for the power plant will include the following:

• Substation: A switching and metering station (switchyard) will be installed to provide all the necessary technical requirements for interconnection of the switchyard to the grid.

• Transmission Line: A single circuit 230-kV transmission line of approximately 924 meters will be constructed to connect the power plant to the existing NGCP 230-kV Malaya Substation. The proposed route is also presented in Figure 1-10.

• Instrumentation and Control System: The proposed project will be connected to a central programmable logic controller (PLC) and supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) system that will automate all equipment controls and protections for plant start/stop, load management, and operations required for meeting regulating and contingency mode protocols. The SCADA will provide trending and data recording functions, as well as user HMO for the PLC and metering, fuel consumption information. The communication platform is Modbus.

• Administration Building and Other Site Facilities: These will also be modular in design and specifically built based on purpose. Containerized facilities will be provided to function as control rooms, office and workshop stations, security and first-aid posts, and kitchen, toilet, locker, and consumables storage areas, among others.

• Service Water System: The proposed project will have a service water system for site facilities containers and on-site washing of equipment. Water supply line for equipment washing will be installed in line with the fuel pipeline using polyvinyl chloride (PVC) pipe material. This water requirement with an estimated volume of 1,200 m3/yr or about 3 m3/d of the proposed project will be supplied by an existing deep well located in the project site.

• Fire Protection System: To protect the facility in the event of fire or fire risks such as excessive heat or smoke, a fire protection system will be installed in accordance with the requirements of the Revised Fire Code of the Philippines.

1.5.3 Pollution Control Facilities

Pollution control facilities for the power plant will include the following:

• Exhaust: The proposed project will have 150 exhausts to allow proper dispersion of emissions. Each smoke stack can be accessed through the generator’s built-in ladder and Bi-Line system (fall arrester). Exhaust stack has a height of 5.6 meters (extendable up to 8.6 meters) from the ground with a circumference of 130 centimeters.

• Oily Wastewater Treatment System: Oily wastewater from the fuel and lube oil centrifuging unit and from lube oil, fuel, and water system leakages will be collected into the oily wastewater tank and will then be pumped into the Oil-Water Separator Treatment Plant. The volume of the facility is about 15 m3, and can treat approximately 60 m3/day, enough to treat the projected daily wastewater generation from the plant operations. The bottom sludge will be discharged periodically by the operator for disposal by a DENR-accredited treater. In addition, oil spill kits will be maintained on-site in case of emergency oil spill.


1-20

• Septic Tank: A reinforced concrete underground septic tank will be installed on-site for the proper treatment of domestic wastewater generated from facility operations.

• Solid Waste Management System: Waste materials generated will be classified as hazardous and non-hazardous wastes. Separate receptacles and storage areas will be designated for each type of waste identified at the project site. Non-hazardous solid wastes will be further classified as compostable, recyclable, and residual and managed based on the local disposal regulations and consistent with the Ecological Solid Waste Management Act of 2000 (Republic Act 9003). Hazardous wastes will be handled, stored, and transported by DENR-accredited hazardous waste treaters managed in compliance with the Toxic Substances and Nuclear Wastes Control Act 1909 (Republic Act 6969).

1.5.4 Plant Operation and Maintenance

The operation and maintenance contractor is expected to operate the diesel power plant 24/7 at 47-MW capacity for 364 days and at full 150-MW capacity for one day in a year. Proper occupational health and safety procedures will likewise be strictly observed.

Typical diesel power unit operation and maintenance involve the following:

• At the onset, run the engine’s pre-lube pump to guarantee proper lubrication of the bearing surfaces. Operate the pre-lube pump at regular intervals to keep the engine in "ready to start" condition. Periodically check all the auxiliary systems of the engine to verify proper status for operation. Failure to properly pre-lube the engine prior to starting can result in damage to the internal components of the engine and substantially reduce engine life.

• Start the engine without any load connected to the generator (by keeping its main circuit breaker in open condition) and bring up to operating temperature before applying load. Immediately after starting, verify the lube oil pressure for normal range.

• Under normal circumstances, the engine loads are generally restricted between 50 percent to 100 percent load for extended periods of time. Operation at lower loads can cause carbon formation and rapid deterioration of the lube oil, while operation at high loads results in higher temperatures and pressures in the combustion chamber and can lead to more frequent maintenance or replacement of components. Maintain correct lube oil and coolant levels and check the pressure difference across the inlet air filters, fuel filters and lube-oil filters.

• Prior to shutdown, unload the diesel engine and allow the unit to cool down. Operate the engine without load at rated speed for some time until the exhaust temperature decreases to recommended level and then at low idle speed for about five minutes without load or as directed by manufacturer.

Detailed operation and maintenance manual will be used once the Project becomes operational.

1.6 PROJECT SIZE

The proposed power plant will have a total generation capacity of 150 megawatts. It is expected to operate 24/7 at 47-MW capacity for 364 days and at full 150-MW capacity for one day in a year. The total land area that will be utilized for the proposed project is approximately 6.8 hectares.


1-21

1.7 DEVELOPMENT PLAN, DESCRIPTION OF PROJECT PHASES, AND

CORRESPONDING TIMEFRAMES

The tentative project development plan is presented in the next pages. The matrix indicates the expected duration (in weeks) of the different aspects of the proposed project’s execution.

1.7.1 Pre-Construction

This phase primarily involves the conduct of preliminary site investigations and the acquisition of the necessary documents before actual power plant construction.

1.7.2 Construction

This phase mainly includes civil and earthworks; procurement, shipping, site delivery, and installation of power plant equipment; and construction of transmission line. Proper occupational health and safety procedures will be implemented to ensure the welfare of the workers.

Construction equipment and materials will be delivered to the site using the existing road network (i.e., via the Pililla – Jalajala – Pakil Road). As committed, the Proponent will coordinate with the LGU and the contractor for traffic management.

1.7.3 Operation

The operation and maintenance contractor is expected to operate the diesel power plant 24/7 at 47-MW capacity for 364 days and at full 150-MW capacity for one day in a year. Proper occupational health and safety procedures will likewise be strictly observed.

1.7.4 Decommissioning/Abandonment/Rehabilitation

The proposed INGRID Pililla 150-MW Diesel Power Plant is not expected to be abandoned within the next 10 to 25 years of its planned operations. However, ceasing of the power plant operations may be necessary due to the following potential scenarios:

• Unsustainable business operations due to economic downturns;

• Changes in zoning and other related ordinances of the Municipality of Pililla;

• Transfer of operations to other sites;

• Accidents and emergencies (either natural or man-made) resulting to severe facility damage and/or loss of human life; and

• Closure order from government agencies.

As such, if the abovementioned scenarios happen, which could result to the partial or total closure of the power plant, and an Abandonment Plan will be initiated by INGRID Power Holdings, Inc.


1-22

Table 1-5: Tentative Project Development and Implementation Timeline

(continued on the next page)

Week 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4

Equipment Supplier

Engineering, Tech Specs, and Supply Agreement

NGCP

System Impact Study

Facilities Study

Accreditation Testing and ASPA Execution

ERC Filing and PA

Environment


Public Scoping

Technical Scoping

EIA Filing and Approval

Fuel Supply

TOR Development

RFQ & Bid Submission

Evaluation and Clarification

Fuel Supply Agreement (Execution Version)

Site Preparation

Power Block Soil Investigation

Fuel Tank Soil Investigation

Civil and Earthworks (Power Block & T/L)

TOR Development


Evaluation & Awarding of Contract

Issuance of NTP

Construction & Completion

Transmission Line

ROW

TOR Development



Issuance of NTP


O&M Contractor

Negotiations and finalization of Agreement

Contract signing

Issuance of NTP

Start of execution

Power Plant Construction

NTP to Equipment Supplier

Procurement, Shipping, and Site Delivery

Installation, Testing and Commissioning

INGRID PILILLA 150-MW DIESEL POWER PLANT

PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION TIMELINE

2018 2019

Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Mar AprSep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb


1-23

Week 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4

Equipment Supplier


NGCP

System Impact Study

Facilities Study


ERC Filing and PA

Environment


Public Scoping

Technical Scoping


Fuel Supply

TOR Development




Site Preparation




TOR Development



Issuance of NTP


Transmission Line

ROW

TOR Development



Issuance of NTP


O&M Contractor


Contract signing

Issuance of NTP

Start of execution







2018 2019


Week 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4

Equipment Supplier


NGCP

System Impact Study

Facilities Study


ERC Filing and PA

Environment


Public Scoping

Technical Scoping


Fuel Supply

TOR Development




Site Preparation




TOR Development



Issuance of NTP


Transmission Line

ROW

TOR Development



Issuance of NTP


O&M Contractor


Contract signing

Issuance of NTP

Start of execution







2018 2019



1-24

1.8 MANPOWER

The estimated manpower requirement in each phase of the proposed project’s implementation is specified in the following table. The proponent will give priority to host community members or residents whose skills and experience match the project’s specific needs.

Table 1-6: Manpower Requirement per Project Phase

PROJECT PHASE ESTIMATED MANPOWER REQUIREMENT

TASKS TO BE PERFORMED SKILLS REQUIREMENT

Pre-Construction ~30 • Conduct complete feasibility study

• Prepare detailed engineering designs and drawings

• Facilitate permit requirements and tender documents

Specialized technical skills/expertise on various engineering and scientific fields.

Construction ~110 • Perform civil, architectural, and electro-mechanical works

Engineers, project managers, skilled and non-skilled laborers

Operation ~94 • Oversee the entire operations of the proposed project, including emergency situations; Ensuring the safety and welfare of its personnel

• Maintain conformity of the proposed project to relevant government regulations, including tax payments, ECC compliance, etc.

• Promote and uphold a harmonious relationship with the host community

Management and administration skills; over-all knowledge on the operation including key environmental, labor, and local ordinances

Abandonment ~110 Implement the abandonment plan As required

1.9 PROJECT COST

The indicative project cost is estimated at PHP 1,500,000,000.00 (1.5 Billion Pesos) that will include the following:

• Conduct of feasibility study, preparation of detailed engineering design, acquisition of necessary government permits and licenses;

• Site development;

• Leasing/construction of power plant components;

• Procurement of necessary equipment and materials;

• Environmental management and protection, pollution control facilities; and

• Environmental monitoring activities.

INGRID POWER HOLDINGS, INC. ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT INGRID PILILLA 150-MW DIESEL POWER PLANT PROJECT SECTION 2 Pililla, Rizal ANALYSIS OF KEY ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS

2-1

SECTION 2

2.0 ASSESSMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS

2.1 LAND

For the Land component of the EIA study, coverage includes the proposed site for development as the direct impact area and the nearby farmlands as indirect impact areas. The relevant baseline characterization and impact assessment are presented in the succeeding sub-sections: land use and classification; geology/geomorphology; pedology; and terrestrial ecology.

2.1.1 Land Use and Classification

As indicated in Section 1.1, the proposed project site lies within the political jurisdiction of Brgy. Malaya and the Municipal Government of Pililla in the Province of Rizal in Region IV-A (CALABARZON). The Municipality of Pililla is politically subdivided into nine urban barangays, as shown in Figure 2-1. The respective land area of region, province, municipality, and barangay that cover the proposed project site are presented in Table 2-1.

Table 2-1: Land Area of Region IV-A, Rizal Province, Pililla, and Brgy. Malaya

JURISDICTION LAND AREA, hectares

Region IV-A (CALABARZON) 1,622,861*

Province of Rizal 130,892*

Municipality of Pililla 7,400*

Brgy. Malaya 650**

SOURCES:(*) DENR Information and Statistics CY 2016 – CALABARZON Region (**) Ulat Sa Brgy. 2013 – BLGU-Malaya

2.1.1.1 Impact in terms of compatibility with existing land use

As shown in the existing urban zoning map of Pililla in Figure 2-2 and as per Sangguniang Panlalawigan Resolution No. 32, Series of 2003, dated March 10, 2003, the proposed project site is situated within the Heavy Industrial zone (I-3) in the municipality. A zoning certification for the proposed project has been secured on May 25, 2018.

2.1.1.2 Impact on compatibility with classification as an Environmentally Critical Area

The proposed project site does not fall within any declared environmentally critical area (ECA), defined in the DENR Administrative Order No. (DAO) 2017-15 as “an area that is environmentally sensitive and is so listed under Presidential Proclamation No. 2146, Series of 1981, as well as other areas which the President of the Philippines may proclaim as environmentally critical in accordance with Section 4 of Presidential Decree No. 1586.

2.1.1.3 Impact in existing land tenure issues

The proposed project site is not covered by the Comprehensive Agrarian Reform Program (CARP). It is also not subject to a Certificate of Ancestral Domain Claim (CADC), Certificate of Ancestral Domain Title (CADT), Certificate of Ancestral Land Claim (CALC), Certificate of Ancestral Land Title (CALT), Integrated Forest Management Agreement (IFMA), Community-Based Forest Management Agreement (CBFMA), or any other tenurial instrument.


2-2

Figure 2-1: Barangay Boundaries Map of Pililla, Rizal

SOURCE: Pililla Municipal Government Official Website (pililla-rizal.weebly.com/maps-in-pililla) FIGURE NO.

2-1 FIGURE TITLE

Barangay Boundaries Map of Pililla, Rizal PROJECT PROPONENT:



INGRID-PILILLA 150-MW DIESEL POWER PLANT PROJECT Brgy. Malaya, Pililla, Rizal

REPORT PREPARER:


PROJECT SITE


2-3

Figure 2-2: Existing Urban Zoning Map of Pililla, Rizal

SOURCE: Comprehensive Development Plan (CDP) of Pililla Rizal FIGURE NO.

2-2 FIGURE TITLE

Existing Urban Zoning Map of Pililla, Rizal PROJECT PROPONENT:




REPORT PREPARER:


PROJECT SITE (Heavy Industrial)


2-4

2.1.1.4 Impairment of visual aesthetics

There are no visually significant landforms, landscapes, or structures in the proposed project site that can potentially be affected by the project activities. Considerations are made in the proposed project design to preserve and enhance the visual aesthetics in the project area. For instance, vegetation in the perimeter of the project site will be maintained to serve as natural buffers and to also contribute in the mitigation of other perceived project impacts (i.e., air and noise).

2.1.1.5 Devaluation of land value as a result of improper solid waste management and other related impacts

Solid waste generation will be limited to construction debris during the construction phase and domestic wastes during the operational phase. As a mitigation measure, a Solid Waste Management Plan will be strictly implemented based on the local disposal regulations and consistent with the Ecological Solid Waste Management Act of 2000 (Republic Act 9003). The proposed plan is discussed in Section 3 (Environmental Management Plan) of this document.

2.1.2 Geology/Geomorphology

As respectively shown in the elevation map and slope map in Figure 2-3 and Figure 2-4, the proposed project site is situated in a low-lying, lakeside, western portion of Brgy. Malaya characterized by level to gently sloping (0 to 3%) topography.

Towards the east, the terrain becomes undulating and rolling to hilly. Located further east is Mount Sembrano, which has a recorded maximum elevation of 743 meters above sea level, the highest point in the municipality. The mountain is classified by the Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology (PHIVOLCS) as an inactive volcano with no record of eruptions or with physical form changed by agents of weathering and erosion via formation of deep and long gullies. It lies between the boundaries of the towns Pililla, Jalajala (Rizal), and Pakil (Laguna), and, along with Talim Island, forms the southeastern rim of the Laguna Caldera.

Rocks of various origin and characteristics composed predominantly of agglomerates, pyroclastics, sandy tuff, and cinder beds distinguish the surface geology of the Pasig-Marikina-Laguna de Bay Basin. These occur along with other properties in alluvial deposits, reworked tuff, and volcanic ash that exhibit desirable hydrogeologic properties. Based on the geologic map of Pililla shown in Figure 2-5, the project site is located in an area characterized mainly by Halocene Quaternary Alluvium geologic units.


2-5

Figure 2-3: Elevation Map of Pililla, Rizal

SOURCE: 10-Year Comprehensive Land Use Plan (CLUP) of Pililla Rizal (2017-2026) FIGURE NO.

2-3 FIGURE TITLE

Elevation Map of Pililla, Rizal PROJECT PROPONENT:




REPORT PREPARER:


PROJECT SITE (0-100 masl)


2-6

Figure 2-4: Slope Map of Pililla, Rizal


2-4 FIGURE TITLE

Slope Map of Pililla, Rizal PROJECT PROPONENT:




REPORT PREPARER:


PROJECT SITE (Level to very gently sloping)


2-7

Figure 2-5: Geologic Map of Pililla, Rizal


2-5 FIGURE TITLE

Geologic Map of Pililla, Rizal PROJECT PROPONENT:




REPORT PREPARER:


PROJECT SITE (Quaternary Alluvium)


2-8

Earthquake

The proposed project site is situated in a geologically active area surrounded by several earthquake generators, including the Valley Fault System in the west, the Lubang Fault in the south, and the Philippine Fault Zone (PFZ): Infanta Fault (Figure 2-6). Depending on the magnitude and depth of focus, earthquakes from these sources could have an impact to the site.

The Valley Fault System (VFS) extends from Doña Remedios Trinidad, Bulacan in the north and runs through the provinces of Rizal, and the Metro Manila cities of Quezon, Marikina, Pasig, Makati, Taguig and Muntinlupa, and the provinces of Cavite and Laguna that ends in Canlubang.

The PFZ extends from Davao Gulf in the south, bisects the Caraga region at the Agusan River basin, crosses to Leyte and Masbate islands, and traverses Quezon province in eastern Luzon before passing through Nueva Ecija up to the Ilocos region in northwest Luzon. The northern and southern extensions of the PFZ undergo infrequent earthquakes and often described as locked segments that are capable of larger magnitude earthquakes.

The Lubang-Verde Passage Fault System is located offshore between Batangas peninsula and Mindoro Island, following the northwest-southeast alignment of Verde and Lubang islands (thus the name).

Ground Rupture

Ground rupture refers to the deformation on the ground marking the intersection of the fault plane with the earth’s surface. The most common manifestation is a long fissure that extends from a few kilometers to tens of kilometers, although it may also occur as a series of discontinuous crack, mounds, or depressions. The length of ground rupture and the width of the zone of deformation generally increase with the magnitude and type of earthquake (PHIVOLCS, 2006).

The VFS’s eastern segment (East Valley Fault) moves in an oblique dextral motion, while the western segment (West Valley Fault) moves in a dominantly dextral strike-slip motion and can produce a ground displacement of 20 to 40 centimeters. The PFZ is a left-lateral strike-slip fault that experiences an annual slip rate of approximately 2 to 2.5 centimeters. The Lubang-Verde Passage Fault System is essentially a strike-slip (left-lateral) fault.

However, since the proposed project site is not directly traversed by the above-mentioned faults, threat from fault rupture is not expected.

Liquefaction

Based on the liquefaction susceptibility map by PHIVOLCS previously shown in Figure 2-6, the proposed project site is not situated in a liquefaction-prone area.

Liquefaction is a process where particles of loosely consolidated and water-saturated deposits of fine sand are rearranged into more compact state. Water and sediments are squeezed out towards the surface in the form of water and sand fountaining (sand boiling) and thus creating a condition that resembles ‘quick sand’. The consequent loss in volume and underlying support results in subsidence of the ground on top of the liquefying sandy layers and with it, the sinking and/or tilting of any structure above it. (PHIVOLCS, 2006).


2-9

The typical soil that is susceptible to liquefaction is loose sand located near the surface and with shallow groundwater table. Areas where liquefaction is likely to occur include river beds, old or abandoned river beds and meanders, swamps and back swamps. Alluvial plains, pyroclastic plains, and coastal plains with shallow groundwater and with silty to sandy soils are also possible sites for liquefaction.

Landslide

The proposed project site is situated in a level to gently sloping terrain with zero to low susceptibility to landslide based on the Mines and Geosciences Bureau (MGB) map shown in Figure 2-7. Areas with moderate to high susceptibility to landslide are located to the east of the proposed project site; however, landmass from these areas is not expected to reach the site boundaries given the considerable distance.

Figure 2-6: Active Faults and Liquefaction Susceptibility Map of Region IV-A

SOURCE: Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology FIGURE NO.:

2-6 FIGURE TITLE:

Active Faults and Liquefaction Susceptibility Map of Region IV-A PROJECT PROPONENT:




REPORT PREPARER:


PROJECT SITE


2-10

Figure 2-7: Landslide and Flood Susceptibility Map of Pililla, Rizal

SOURCE: DENR-Mines and Geosciences Bureau FIGURE NO.:

2-7 FIGURE TITLE:

Landslide and Flood Susceptibility Map PROJECT PROPONENT:




REPORT PREPARER:


2.1.2.1 Change in surface landform/geomorphology/topography/terrain/slope

Significant changes on the surface landform, geomorphology, topography, terrain, and slope of the proposed project site are not expected given the proposed project design.

2.1.2.2 Change in sub-surface geology/underground conditions

The proposed project is not expected to cause any change in sub-surface geology or underground conditions in the impact area.

PROJECT SITE


2-11

2.1.2.3 Inducement of subsidence, liquefaction, landslides, mud/debris flow, etc.

The proposed project is not expected to induce or cause subsidence, liquefaction, mud/debris flow, landslide, and any other geological hazard.

2.1.3 Pedology

As shown in the soil map of Pililla in Figure 2-8, the predominant soil type in the low-lying, lakeside, western portion of Brgy. Malaya (where the proposed project site is located) is Antipolo Clay Loam, characterized by a dark reddish-brown tinge and is finely granulated and friable when dry but becomes slightly sticky when wet.

2.1.3.1 Soil erosion/Loss of topsoil

Soil erosion is expected during the site development since this activity entails earth movement. The expected removal of some trees and soil-binders can increase this problem. During heavy rains or strong winds, erosion can be triggered. However, erosion can be greatly minimized constructing erosion barriers, silt traps, etc. The exact location of the silt traps will depend on the strategy of the contractor on land clearing and the existing drainage. If the existing drainage will be used, a silt trap or siltation pond will be installed before discharge to lake.

2.1.3.2 Change in soil quality/fertility

Due to the nature of the proposed project, there is a risk of soil contamination due to the maintenance activities on the engines. Furthermore, there is the risk of oil spill during transfer of diesel oil into the fuel storage tank in the facility. To mitigate concerns regarding accidental oil spills during the operational phase of the proposed project, oil spill management procedures will be put into place.

To determine the existing soil quality prior to development, sub-surface soil sampling was conducted on 18 October 2017 at the proposed project site. The photos and coordinates of the four (4) soil sampling points are provided in Figure 2-9. The location map is shown in Figure 2-10. Laboratory analyses of the collected soil samples were performed by the CRL Environmental Corporation, a DENR-recognized laboratory based in Clark Freeport Zone, Pampanga.

The test methods and results of the soil quality analysis are summarized in Table 2-2 and detailed in the laboratory report in Attachment 5a. In the absence of Philippine soil quality standards during the conduct of this study, the soil quality analysis results are compared with the soil remediation intervention values specified in Annex 1 (Table 1) of the Dutch Soil Remediation Circular 2013 (version of 1 July 2013). The values indicate when the functional properties of the soil for humans, plant, and animal life are seriously impaired or threatened.

As presented, the detected levels of all parameters tested were way below the respective threshold limits/intervention values.


2-12

Figure 2-8: Soil Map of Pililla, Rizal


2-8 FIGURE TITLE

Soil Map of Pililla, Rizal PROJECT PROPONENT:




REPORT PREPARER:


PROJECT SITE (Antipolo Clay Loam)


2-13

Figure 2-9: Photos and Coordinates of the Soil Sampling Points

Sampling Point 1 N 14.389370° E 121.333240°




NOTE: Location map generated using Google Earth; Photos courtesy of the LCI Study Team FIGURE NO.

2-9 FIGURE TITLE

Photos and Coordinates of the Soil Sampling Points PROJECT PROPONENT:




REPORT PREPARER:


INGRID POWER HOLDINGS, INC. E N V I R O N M E N T A L I M P A C T S T A T E M E N T

I N G R I D P I L I L L A 1 5 0 - M W D I E S E L P O W E R P L A N T P R O J E C T S E C T I O N 2

P i l i l l a , R i z a l A N A L Y S I S O F K E Y E N V I R O N M E N T A L I M P A C T S

2 - 1 4

F i g u r e 2 - 1 0 : L o c a t i o n M a p o f t h e S o i l S a m p l i n g P o i n t s

NOTE: Location map generated using Google Earth FIGURE NO.

2-10 FIGURE TITLE

Location Map of the Soil Sampling Points PROJECT PROPONENT:

I N G R I D P O W E R H O L D I N G S , I N C .


I N G R I D - P I L I L L A 1 5 0 - M W D I E S E L P O W E R P L A N T P R O J E C T

B r g y . M a l a y a , P i l i l l a , R i z a l

REPORT PREPARER:

L C I E N V I C O R P O R A T I O N




2 - 1 5

T a b l e 2 - 2 : R e s u l t s o f S o i l Q u a l i t y A n a l y s i s

P A R A M E T E R U N I T D E T E C T E D L E V E L A T T H E S A M P L I N G P O I N T S

B A S E D O N L A B O R A T O R Y A N A L Y S I S

( v a l u e s i n R E D e x c e e d t h e r e f e r e n c e s t a n d a r d / s )

D U T C H I N T E R V E N T I O N V A L U E R E M A R K S

SP 2 SP 3 SP 4 SP 5 (Dutch Soil Remediation Circular 2013)

A. HEAVY METALS

Arsenic mg/kg 1.4 ND 2.0 ND 76 Acceptable

Cadmium mg/kg ND ND ND ND 13 Acceptable

Chromium mg/kg 4.1 4.5 6.4 4.7 * Acceptable

Copper mg/kg 40 40 97 63 190 Acceptable

Lead mg/kg 13 24 52 22 530 Acceptable

Mercury mg/kg ND 0.3 0.2 ND * Acceptable

B. VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS

BTEX mg/kg ND ND ND ND 160** Acceptable

TPH DRO (C10-C28) mg/kg ND ND ND ND 5,000*** Acceptable

TPH GRO mg/kg ND ND ND ND Acceptable

N O T E S : S P = S a m p l i n g P o i n t | N D = N o t D e t e c t e d | m g / k g = m i l l i g r a m s p e r k i l o g r a m | ( * ) N u m e r i c v a l u e b e l o w d e t e c t i o n l e v e l / n o l o w e r d e t e c t i o n l i m i t ; ( * * ) S u m o f i n d i v i d u a l i n t e r v e n t i o n

v a l u e s f o r b e n z e n e , t o l u e n e , e t h y l b e n z e n e , x y l e n e s ; ( * * * ) A g g r e g a t e v a l u e f o r m i n e r a l o i l s ( T P H )

R E F E R E N C E S : V a r i a n A n a l y t i c a l M e t h o d s o f S p e c t r o p h o t o m e t r y , 1 9 7 6 ; S t a n d a r d M e t h o d s o f A n a l y s i s f o r S o i l , P l a n t T i s s u e , W a t e r a n d F e r t i l i z e r , 1 9 8 0 ; D u t c h S o i l R e m e d i a t i o n C i r c u l a r ,

2 0 1 3 , A n n e x 1 , T a b l e 1


2-16

2.1.4 Terrestrial Ecology

Flora and fauna pertain to the plant and animal life of a region in a period of time. Given the proposed project location in a built-up area (as shown in Figure 2-11) and the project design featuring modular technology (described in Section 1.3) that entails minimal changes on the land environment, the proposed Project’s impact on terrestrial ecology in the project area is expected to be minimal. Nevertheless, an assessment is conducted to profile the baseline conditions of the terrestrial flora and fauna in the study area (i.e., project footprints extending up to the municipal level and the Laguna de Bay Basin area), and to establish a foundation for predicting the project’s impacts that will later on be monitored along with the corresponding mitigation measures.

The assessment of the vegetation and associated faunal component at the proposed project site was done through desk-based review of relevant secondary information, validated through the reconnaissance survey, quadrat sampling, and key informant interviews (KIIs) conducted on May 23, 2018.

Terrestrial Flora

As an initial activity, a reconnaissance survey was undertaken by traversing the proposed project site, making observations, and listing down the plant ecosystems and plant species found along the way. Ecosystems and species identification was done through comparison using botanical references and manuals.

Scrubland

Based on the general characterization of land cover types by the Biodiversity Management Bureau (BMB), the existing land cover type in the proposed project site may be described as a scrubland, in which the land area is dominated by grass but with few scattered shrubs and small trees. It is characteristic of the parang vegetation that occurs in many areas of the Laguna de Bay Basin.

Two species of grass are prominent in the parang vegetation, specifically Imperata cylindrica (cogon) and Saccharum spontaneum (talahib). The tree component includes Trema orientalis (anabiong), Macaranga tanarius (binunga), Ficus septica (hauili), Colona serratifolia (anilau), Bischofia javanica (tuai), and many others. Often exotic but naturalized species, such as Psidium guajava (guava) can also be common.

Lakeshore

The lakeshore ecosystem of the Laguna Lake is the important transition between the lake itself and the surrounding watershed. The common plants here are species of grasses (e.g., Hymenachne amplexicaulis, Arundo donax, Phragmites vallatoria, and Pseudorhaphis squarrosa), sedges (e.g., Scirpus grossus, Cyperus spp., Fimbristylis spp.), and legumes (Sesbania cannabina).

To validate the above characterization of the ecosystems that were observed to prevail within the proposed project site, the quadrat method was used. For the more predominant scrubland ecosystem, a standard quadrat of 10 by 10 meters was established within the project site using a 50-meter measuring tape that served as the perimeter. A smaller quadrat of 3 by 3 meters was established at the lakeside portion. The photos and location map of the two quadrat sampling stations are shown in Figure 2-12 and Figure 2-13, respectively.


2-17

All the plant species within each quadrat were identified and recorded. The density of each species (in terms of number of individuals) and the diameter of individual trees with more than 10 centimeters, were also recorded. The relative density, relative basal area, relative height, and importance value of each species were then determined as parameters for determining species dominance.

Flora species frequency is obtained based on the frequency or number of times a given plant species is intercepted within each quadrat. The relative frequency (RF) values are then computed. The following plant species are tabulated as the most dominant. A total of six plant species are recorded to have been covered by the quadrats.

Table 2-3: Frequency of Intercepted Plant Species at the Proposed Project Site

PLANT SPECIES COMMON NAME NO. OF TIMES INTERCEPTED

RELATIVE FREQUENCY, %

Eucalyptus tereticornis* Red gum tree 17 13.5

Leucaena leucocephala* Ipil-ipil 3 2.4

Imperata cylindrica* Speargrass/Cogon 90 71.4

Terminalia catappa* Tropical almond/Talisay 2 1.6

Saccharum spontaneum** Wild cane/Talahib 9 7.1

Trichosanthes cucumerina** Tabugok/Melon-melonan 3 2.4

TOTAL 6 species 124 98.4 NOTES: Results are based on terrestrial survey conducted on May 23, 2018. (*) This was intercepted in Quadrat A (10 x 10) in the middle portion of the project site. (**) This was intercepted in Quadrat B (3 x 3) situated near the lakeside portion of the project site.

The most dominant plant species in Quadrat A (10 x 10 meters) is Imperata cylindrica or cogon with the highest RF value of 71.4, followed by the Eucalyptus tereticornis or red gum tree with an RF value of 13.5. For Quadrat B (3 x 3 meters) situated nearer the lake, the plant species with the highest RF value (7.1) is Saccharum spontaneum or talahib.

Agricultural

The agricultural practices, systems, and production in the study area were identified based on available secondary information, validated through ocular observations and FGD with the host barangay’s irrigators and farmers association. Particular attention was given to farmlands in the immediate vicinity of the proposed project site in Brgy. Malaya.

More than 50 percent of the Laguna de Bay Basin is devoted to agricultural use with significant agroecosystems (Pacardo, 1993). The higher slopes are planted to coconut (Cocos nucifera), coffee (Coffea arabica, C. robusta, C. liberica), citrus (Citrus spp.), and fruit trees such as lanzones (Lansium domesticum), rambutan (Nephelium lappaceum), and banana (Musa sapientum). The lower slopes are planted to sugar cane (Saccharum officinalis), cassava (Manihot esculentum), rice (Oryza sativa), corn (Zea mays), and a large variety of annual and perennial crops.

Based on the KII with the local farmers in Brgy. Malaya, and as shown in the vegetation map of Pililla in Figure 2-15, most of the upland farm areas in the barangay are planted with corn, coconut, fruit trees (i.e., banana, mango, jackfruit), vegetables (i.e., string beans, eggplant), and root crops. Lowland farms, on the other hand are mostly planted with rice and vegetable crops (i.e., string beans, eggplant, okra).


2-18

Figure 2-11: Land Cover Map of Pililla, Rizal (2017)

SOURCE: 10-Year Comprehensive Land Use Plan (CLUP) of Pililla Rizal (2017-2026) FIGURE NO.:

2-11 FIGURE TITLE:

Land Cover Map of Pililla, Rizal (2017) PROJECT PROPONENT:




REPORT PREPARER:


PROJECT SITE (Built-Up Area)


2-19

Figure 2-12: Photos and Coordinates of the Terrestrial Survey Stations

Quadrat A in the inner portion of the project site (Scrubland)

Point 1: N 14.390341°, E 121.334477° Point 2: N 14.390320°, E 121.334580° Point 3: N 14.390249°, E 121.334469° Point 4: N 14.390234°, E 121.334564°

Quadrat B near the lakeside portion of the project site (Lakeshore) Point 1: N 14.389808°, E 121.332442° Point 2: N 14.389806°, E 121.332474° Point 3: N 14.389779°, E 121.332441° Point 4: N 14.389779°, E 121.332474°

NOTE: Photos courtesy of LCI Study Team FIGURE NO.

2-12 FIGURE TITLE

Photos and Coordinates of the Terrestrial Survey Stations PROJECT PROPONENT:




REPORT PREPARER:





2 - 2 0

F i g u r e 2 - 1 3 : L o c a t i o n M a p o f t h e T e r r e s t r i a l S u r v e y S t a t i o n s

NOTE: Location map generated using Google Earth

FIGURE NO.

2-13 FIGURE TITLE

Location Map of the Terrestrial Survey Points PROJECT PROPONENT:

I N G R I D P O W E R H O L D I N G S , I N C .


I N G R I D - P I L I L L A 1 5 0 - M W D I E S E L P O W E R P L A N T P R O J E C T

B r g y . M a l a y a , P i l i l l a , R i z a l

REPORT PREPARER:

L C I E N V I C O R P O R A T I O N

QUADRAT A (10 X 10)

QUADRAT B (3 X 3)


2-21

Figure 2-14: Photos of Observed Vegetation in the Proposed Project Site

Terrestrial flora intercepted in Quadrat A in the inner portion of the proposed project site

Cogon (Imperata cylindrica)

Talisay (Terminalia catappa) seedling

Ipil-ipil (Leucaena leucocephala)

Red gum tree (Eucalyptus tereticornis)

Terrestrial flora intercepted in Quadrat B near the lakeside portion of the proposed project site

Tabugok/Melon-melonan (Trichosanthes cucumerina)

NOTE: Photos courtesy of LCI Study Team

FIGURE NO.

2-14 FIGURE TITLE

Photos of Observed Flora in the Proposed Project Site PROJECT PROPONENT:




REPORT PREPARER:



2-22

Figure 2-15: Vegetation Map of Pililla, Rizal (2017)

SOURCE: 10-Year Comprehensive Land Use Plan (CLUP) of Pililla Rizal (2017-2026) FIGURE NO.:

2-15 FIGURE TITLE:

Vegetation Map of Pililla, Rizal (2017) PROJECT PROPONENT:




REPORT PREPARER:


PROJECT SITE (grasses)


2-23

Table 2-4: Summary List of Terrestrial Flora Species Identified in the Study Area

FAMILY COMMON NAME SCIENTIFIC NAME ENDIMICITY

Anacardiaceae Mango/Mangga Mangifera indica L. Native

Combretaceae Tropical almond/Talisay Terminalia catappa* Introduced

Cucurbitaceae Tabugok/Melon-melonan Trichosanthes cucumerina L.** Introduced

Gramineae Corn/Mais Zea mays Cultivated

Rice/Palay Oryza sativa Cultivated

Lehuminaceae String beans/Sitaw Vigna sesquipedalis L. Cultivated

Malvaceae Okra Abelmoscus esculentus (L.) Moench. Cultivated

Mimosaceae Rain tree/Acacia Samanea saman (Jacq.) Merr. Introduced

Ipil-Ipil Leucaena leucocephala (Lam.) De Wit.* Introduced

Moraceae Jackfruit/Langka Artocarpus heterophyllus L. Cultivated

Musaceae Banana/Saging Musa sapientum Cultivated

Myrtaceae Red gum tree Eucalyptus tereticornis Sm.* Introduced

Palmae Coconut/Niyog Cocos nucifera L. Cultivated

Poaceae Bamboo/Kawayan Bambusa blumeana Introduced

Speargrass/Cogon Imperata cylindrica (L.) Beauv.* Native

Wild cane/Talahib Saccharum spontaneum** Introduced

Solanaceae Eggplant/Talong Solanum melongena Cultivated

Tiliaceae Aratiles Muntingia calabura L. Introduced NOTES: (*) This was intercepted in Quadrat A (10 x 10) in the middle portion of the project site. (**) This was intercepted in Quadrat B (3 x 3) situated near the lakeside portion of the project site. REFERENCE: Reconnaissance survey, quadrat sampling, and KIIs conducted by the Study Team on May 23, 2018.

The summary of plant endemicity is presented in the subsequent table. Of the total 18 species, there are seven (7) trees; four (4) dicots (shrubs, herbs and vines); and seven (7) monocots belonging mostly to the angiosperm group. Only two (2) species are considered native, eight (8) are introduced, and the other eight (8) are cultivated. Endemicity is quite low at 11%.

Table 2-5: Summary of Terrestrial Flora Endemicity

PLANT GROUP NATIVE INTRODUCED CULTIVATED TOTAL

Trees 1 5 1 7

Dicots (shrubs, herbs, vines) 0 1 3 4

Monocots (palms, grasses, etc.) 1 2 4 7

Lower vascular plants (ferns, mosses) 0 0 0 0

TOTAL 2 (11%) 8 8 18

Terrestrial Fauna

The Laguna Lake Basin is known to hold 15 species of globally threatened birds; 21 species of birds of very restricted ranges (or breeding ranges of less than 50,000 square kilometers); and congregatory water birds representing at least 10 percent of the Asian population.

No large herbivores or carnivores have been observed to dwell in the lake basin, with the largest mammals being the Philippine Deer and the Philippine Warty Pig. The most diverse of mammalian group are the bats and rodents. Of the 42 species of mammals recorded in the lake basin, 57% are bats (24 species) and 26% are rodents (11 species). The three giant fruit bats, namely the Golden Crown Giant Fruitbat, the Giant Flying Fox, and the Philippine White-winged Flying Fox, are all threatened species. Among the rodents, the largest species are the Slender-tail Cloud Rat and the Pallid Slender-tail Cloud Rat, which are also endemic and vulnerable.

A total of 52 species of reptiles have been recorded in the Laguna Lake Basin. The majority of them are endemic (27 species). The Chinese Soft-shelled Turtle is the only introduced species, and the


2-24

Philippine Crocodile was last recorded in the area in 1955. Two species are included in CITES (Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora) Appendix II on limited trade, these are: the Malayan Monitor Lizard and the Reticulated Python.

Twenty-five species of amphibians (3 introduced and 15 endemic) have been recorded in the Laguna de Bay area. The introduced species are the Cane Toad, the American Bullfrog, and the Taiwanese Bullfrog. The Cane Toad was introduced as a bio-control agent against rodent pest in sugar cane fields, the other two were introduced mainly for food.

Figure 2-16: Some Terrestrial Fauna found in the Laguna de Bay Basin

Malayan Monitor Lizard

Cane Toad

SOURCE: Ecosystem and People – The Philippine Millennium Ecosystem Assessment (MA) Sub-Global Assessment (UPLB-College of Forestry and Natural Resources, 2005)

FIGURE NO.:

2-16 FIGURE TITLE:

Some Terrestrial Fauna found in the Laguna de Bay Basin PROJECT PROPONENT:




REPORT PREPARER:


To validate the general characterization presented above, reconnaissance survey and KIIs with the local farmers and residents confirmed the presence of the following terrestrial fauna species in the study area. Of the 14 species surveyed, three (3) species are birds, seven (7) are domesticated mammals, three (3) are insects, and the remaining one (1) is a reptile.

Table 2-6: Summary List of Terrestrial Fauna Species Identified in the Study Area

FAMILY COMMON NAME SCIENTIFIC NAME STATUS/DISTRIBUTION

BIRDS

Passeridae Eurasian tree sparrow/Maya Passer montanus Least concern (IUCN 3.1)

Hirundinidae Striated swallow/Langay-langayan Cecropis striolata Least concern (IUCN 3.1)

Ciconiidae Tagak Ciconia ciconia Least concern (IUCN 3.1)

DOMESTICATED MAMMALS

Bovidae Carabao/Kalabaw Bubalus bubalis Domesticated

Cattle/Baka Bos taurus Domesticated

Goat/Kambing Capra aegagrus hircus Domesticated

Canidae Dog/Aso Canis lupus familiaris Domesticated

Felidae Cat/Pusa Felis silvestris catus Domesticated

Phasianidae Chicken/Manok Gallus gallus Domesticated

Suidae Pig/Baboy Sus sp. Domesticated

INSECTS

Culicidae Mosquito/Lamok Culex sp. Very common

Formicidae Ant/Langgam Formica sanguinea Very common

Papilionidae Butterfly/Paru-Paro Papilio sp. Very common

REPTILES

Elapidae Atay-Biya Naja philippinensis Near threatened (IUCN 3.1) REFERENCE: Reconnaissance survey and KIIs conducted by the Study Team on May 23, 2018


2-25

2.1.4.1 Vegetation removal and loss of habitat

Vegetation clearing will be limited to the area where the project facilities and equipment will be located. The surrounding vegetation will be preserved to act as natural air and noise buffers.

2.1.4.2 Threat to existence of and/or loss of important local species

Results of both the qualitative (site reconnaissance and FGD) and quantitative (quadrat sampling) vegetation analyses revealed that there were no important species identified in the proposed project site.

2.1.4.3 Threat to abundance, frequency, and distribution of important species

As stated, there were no important species identified within the proposed project site.


2-26

2.1.5 Summary of Baseline Findings, Impacts and Mitigation on Land

The following table summarizes the impacts and mitigating measures on Land.

Table 2-7: Summary of Significant Baseline Findings and Potential Impacts and Mitigation on Land

SUMMARY OF BASELINE FINDINGS ON LAND

• Land Use and Classification o The proposed project site is situated in an area designated as Industrial Zone in Pililla, Rizal. o The proposed project site does not fall within any declared ECA and is not covered by any tenurial

instrument. o There are no visually significant landforms, landscapes, or structures in the proposed project site that can

potentially be affected by the project activities.

• Pedology o Based on the soil quality assessment, the detected levels of all parameters tested were way below the

respective threshold limits/intervention values.

• Terrestrial Ecology o Six plant species have been recorded from the quadrat sampling.

POTENTIAL IMPACTS PROJECT PHASES FINDINGS/OBSERVATIONS MITIGATING MEASURES

LAND USE AND CLASSIFICATION

Impact in terms of compatibility with existing land use

Pre-Construction The proposed project site is situated in an area designated as a Heavy Industrial Zone in Pililla, Rizal.

A zoning certification for the proposed project has been secured with the Pililla LGU on May 25, 2018.

Devaluation of land value as a result of improper solid waste management and other related impacts

Construction, Operation, Abandonment

Solid waste is expected to be produced.

Implementation of a solid waste management plan

PEDOLOGY

Soil erosion/Loss of topsoil

Construction There may be some soil erosion due to the earth movement during the site development.

Limitation of earth movement to areas where site development is necessary

Change in soil quality/fertility

Construction, Operation, Abandonment

There is a risk of soil contamination due to the maintenance of engines and transfer of diesel fuel.

Implementation of oil spill management plans Installation of oily wastewater treatment facility

TERRESTRIAL ECOLOGY

Vegetation removal and loss of habitat

Construction Some vegetation must be cleared prior to the installation of the engines.

Limitation of vegetation clearing to areas where project components will be installed or constructed.


2-27

2.2 WATER

For the Water component of the EIA study, coverage includes the existing deep well in the proposed site for development as the direct impact area, and the Laguna de Bay, the nearby groundwater sources and barangay irrigation system as indirect impact areas. The relevant baseline characterization and impact assessment are presented in the succeeding sub-sections: hydrology; water quality; and freshwater ecology.

2.2.1 Hydrology

The Laguna de Bay is the Philippines’ largest inland body of water with an aggregate surface area of 900 square kilometers at its average highest elevation of 12.50 meters, and around 760 square kilometers at its average lowest elevation of 10.50 meters. It is bounded by the Sierra Madre mountain ranges on the northeast, the Caliraya volcanic plateau on the east, and the mountains of Laguna and Batangas, including Mt. Banahaw and Mt. Makiling, on the south and southeast. It has an estimated total volume of 2.25 billion cubic meters with a shoreline of 220 kilometers. Its average depth is 2.5 meters.

The Laguna Lake is classified as a Class C inland water suitable for the following beneficial uses (as stated in DAO 2016-08): propagation and growth of fish and other aquatic resources (Fishery Water); boating, fishing, or similar non-contact recreational activities (Recreational Water Class II); and agriculture, irrigation, and livestock watering.

The hydrology of the lake has a natural stage regime, which, in the dry season, results in a minimum lake elevation of approximately 10.5 meters regulated by mean sea level in Manila Bay (Laguna de Bay Master Plan, 1995). After the dry season, the lake level may fall below the level of high tide in Manila Bay, which results in the intrusion of seawater into Pasig River and eventually leads to the discharge of highly polluted waters from the river into the lake. Moreover, the tidal influx is the main cause of salinity in the lake during this part of the mentioned year (Laguna de Bay Master Plan, 1995).

The lake is naturally eutrophic and highly productive. Increasing enrichment in terms of plant nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus has been caused by human activities in the basin. The lake is surrounded by low-lying alluvial plains which are often inundated during heavy rainfall. The pH varies from 7.6 during the cool months to 10 at the peak of algal bloom in mid-summer; the average is about 8.5. The water is relatively turbid and has an average dissolved oxygen of 10.5 parts per million (ppm). Wind action can cause severe turbidity due to suspension of bottom sediments, particularly during typhoons. The lake reaches its maximum level between September and November, and then falls by an average of 1.7 meters to its lowest level in May or June.

According to bathymetrical differences (Delos Reyes 1995), the Laguna Lake may be divided into four (4) bays, namely West Bay, Central Bay and East Bay and South Bay (ADB, 2005). Talim Island separates the West and Central Bay. The area of the Municipality of Pililla where the proposed project will be located falls within the Central Bay zone.

The natural drainage ways that traverse the area of Brgy. Malaya include the Batlag Creek (in the north), which directly discharges to the Laguna Lake, the Macdray Creek and the Bucatot Creek (both in the northeast), which converge into the Cabayo River that also drains to the Laguna Lake. These creeks do not directly traverse the proposed project site.


2-28

2.2.1.1 Change in drainage morphology/Inducement of flooding/Reduction in stream volumetric flow

The proposed project is not expected to cause changes in drainage morphology, induce flooding, or bring about reduction in stream volumetric flow in the impact area. The site is situated in an area with low susceptibility to flooding based on the MGB landslide and flood susceptibility map previously shown in Figure 2-7.

2.2.1.2 Change in stream, lake water depth

The proposed project is not expected to cause changes in the depth of the Laguna Lake or any water body in the impact area. The project development and operations will be limited on land.

2.2.1.3 Depletion of water resources/Competition in water use

As mentioned in Section 1, the proposed project will have a service water system for domestic use and on-site washing of equipment. The estimated annual water requirement is 1,200 cubic meters or about 3 cubic meters per day and will be supplied by the existing deep well in the project site. Depletion of water resources is not expected to result from the proposed project given its minimal water supply requirement.

As will be discussed in Section 2.4 on People, the primary source of water supply in the project impact area is Level 3 water service or metered distribution. Since the proposed project will develop its own water supply source, competition with public water use is not expected.

2.2.2 Oceanography

This subsection is not applicable to the project under study since the proposed site is not situated near a marine or coastal area.

2.2.2.1 Change/disruption in water circulation pattern, littoral current, coastal erosion and deposition

This impact is not expected to result from the project.

2.2.2.2 Change in bathymetry


2.2.3 Water Quality

Groundwater

The groundwater sampling was conducted on 20 July 2017, 18 October 2017, and 13 February 2018 at four (4) sampling points described below.

• Sampling Point 1 is shallow well (Level I) with installed hand pump located in Purok 6, approximately 800 meters north of the proposed project site. Raw water supply is reportedly used by the household for drinking and other domestic purposes.


2-29

• Sampling Point 2 is another shallow well (Level I) with installed hand pump located in Purok 7, approximately 800 meters north of the project site. Raw water supply is reportedly utilized by the household only for cooking and washing activities.

• Sampling Point 3 is a deep well with a functional 7.5-hp pump situated near the Shell Vegetable Garden (SVG), approximately 300 meters north of the project site. Raw water supply is used for watering plants the SVG.

• Sampling Point 4 is another deep well located inside the project site and near the abandoned firefighting and safety equipment shed of the old Shell Lube Oil Refinery complex. The well’s 5-hp pump is non-operational during the time of the sampling. Water sample was collected with the aid of a portable 10-hp pump.

It must be noted that groundwater Sampling Points 3 and 4, deep wells situated within the old Shell Lube Oil Refinery complex, were analyzed as part of the Environmental Site Assessment (ESA) conducted for the proposed project location. In consideration of the property’s former land use, the ESA analyses focused on heavy metals and volatile organic compounds (VOCs).

The photos and coordinates of the groundwater sampling points are provided in Figure 2-17. The location map is shown in Figure 2-18. Laboratory analyses of the collected water samples were performed by the CRL Environmental Corporation, a DOH-accredited and DENR-recognized laboratory. The test methods and results of the groundwater quality analysis are summarized in Table 2-5 and detailed in the laboratory report included in Attachment 5b and Attachment 5c.

For the first two sampling points (household shallow wells in Puroks 6 and 7 of Brgy. Malaya), the test results were analyzed based on the guideline values stated in the Philippine National Standards for Drinking Water (PNSDW) of 2017 (DOH Administrative Order No. 2017-0010) and the Water Quality Guidelines and General Effluent Standards of 2016 (DAO 2016-08) for Class A water bodies or Public Water Supply Class II intended as sources of water supply requiring conventional treatment to meet the latest PNSDW.

As presented in Table 2-8, the detected Ammonia concentrations in Sampling Points 1 and 2 (0.4 and 0.9 mg/L) significantly exceeded the maximum limit of 0.05 mg/L for Class A water body. Natural levels of Ammonia in groundwater are usually below 0.2 mg/L. Higher natural contents (up to 3 mg/L) are found in strata rich in humic substances or iron or in forests. According to WHO, the presence of Ammonia at higher than geogenic levels is an important indicator of fecal pollution1.

The detected Phosphate level in Sampling Point 2 slightly exceeded the maximum limit of 0.5 mg/L for Class A water body. Significant sources of Phosphate are raw or untreated wastewater discharge, agricultural drainage, or industrial wastes with large quantity of phosphorus, detergents, animal feed supplements, and medicines.

In terms of microbial quality, both shallow wells registered Total Coliform counts that were significantly higher than the allowable limit of 1.1 per 100 milliliters of sample. Sampling Point 2 also tested positive to Fecal Coliform contamination (16 MPN/100mL).

1 World Health Organization (1996). Guidelines for drinking water quality, 2nd ed. Health criteria and other supporting information. Geneva.


2-30

For the last two sampling points (deep wells at the SVG and proposed project site), the test results were likewise compared with the PNSDW 2017 and GES 2016 but, as mentioned, were additionally analyzed for presence of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), namely benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylenes (BTEX), total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH) diesel-range organics (DRO) and gasoline-range organics (GRO), considering their location within the old Shell Lube Oil Refinery complex.

As presented in Table 2-8, BTEX and TPH GRO were not detected in both deep wells. However, the TPH DRO concentration (1.7 mg/L) in the sample collected from the deep well near the SVG (Sampling Point 3) was found to have exceeded the Dutch Intervention Value of 0.6 mg/L. There were no DOH and DENR guideline values for the said parameter.

In terms of heavy metals, Sampling Points 1, 2, and 3 recorded allowable levels of Arsenic, Cadmium, Chromium, Lead, and Mercury. However, the detected Mercury level (0.0016 mg/L) in the sample collected from the deep well located within the project site (Sampling Point 4) slightly exceeded the common DOH (DOH AO No. 2017-0010: Philippine National Standards for Drinking Water of 2017) and DENR (DENR AO No. 2016-08: Water Quality Guidelines and General Effluent Standards of 2016) standard limit of 0.001 mg/L and the Dutch intervention value of 0.0003 mg/L.


2-31

Figure 2-17: Photos and Coordinates of the Groundwater Sampling Points

Sampling Point 1: Shallow well with hand pump (Purok 6)

N 14.39769°, E 121.33569°

Sampling Point 2: Shallow well with hand pump (Purok 7)

N 14.39794°, E 121.33388°

Sampling Point 3: Deep well near the Shell Vegetable Garden

N 14.39328°, E 121.33755°

Sampling Point 4: Deep well within the proposed project site

N 14.39040°, E 121.33676°

NOTE: Photos courtesy of the LCI Study Team

FIGURE NO.

2-17 FIGURE TITLE

Photos and Coordinates of the Groundwater Sampling Points PROJECT PROPONENT:




REPORT PREPARER:



2-32

Figure 2-18: Location Map of the Groundwater Sampling Points


2-18 FIGURE TITLE

Location Map of the Groundwater Sampling Points PROJECT PROPONENT:



REPORT PREPARER:



2-33

Table 2-8: Results of Groundwater Quality Analysis

PARAMETER UNIT DETECTED LEVEL AT THE SAMPLING POINTS BASED ON LABORATORY ANALYSIS

(values in RED exceed the reference standard/s)

GUIDELINE VALUE FOR DRINKING

WATER QUALITY

GUIDELINE VALUE FOR CLASS A WATER BODY

DUTCH INTERVENTION

VALUE

SP 1 (Shallow well in

Purok 6)

SP 2 (Shallow well in

Purok 7)

SP 3 (Deep well near

the SVG)

SP 4 (Deep well in project site)

(DOH AO No. 2017-10)

(DENR AO No. 2016-08)

(Dutch Soil Remed. Circular 2013)

A. WET CHEMISTRY

Ammonia mg/L 0.4 0.9 - - * 0.05

Nitrate mg/L 3.9 2.4 - - 50.00 7

pH pH 6.41 6.96 - - 6.5 – 8.5 6.5 – 8.5

Phosphate mg/L 0.2 0.6 - - * 0.5

Temperature °C 27.8 28.3 - - * 26-30

Total Dissolved Solids mg/L 365 532 - - 600 1,000

B. MICROBIOLOGY

Fecal Coliform MPN/100mL 1.1 16 - - <1.1 <1.1

Total Coliform MPN/100mL 5.1 >23 - - <1.1 1,000

C. METALS

Arsenic mg/L <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.008 0.01 0.01 0.06

Cadmium mg/L <0.003 <0.003 <0.003 <0.001 0.003 0.003 0.006

Chromium mg/L <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 <0.005 0.05 0.01 0.03

Copper mg/L N/A N/A <0.01 <0.003 1.0 0.02 0.075

Lead mg/L <0.003 <0.003 0.009 <0.005 0.01 0.01 0.075

Mercury mg/L <0.0002 <0.0002 <0.0002 0.0016 0.001 0.001 0.0003

D. VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS

BTEX - - ND ND 1510** 1510** 1250**

TPH DRO (C10-C28) - - 1.7 0.29 * * 0.6***

TPH GRO - - ND ND * * NOTES: SP = Sampling Point | ND = Not Detected | (-) = Not Analyzed | µS/cm = Microsiemens per centimeter | mg/L = Milligrams per liter | MPN/100mL = Most probable number per 100 milliliters (*) No guideline value at present; (**) Sum of individual intervention values for benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylenes; (***) Aggregate value for mineral oils [1] As per DOH AO No. 2017-0010, nitrate, pH, TDS, fecal coliform, As, Cd, and Pb are mandatory drinking-water quality parameters required to be tested for initial and periodic examinations. [2] As per DENR AO No. 2016-08, nitrate, pH, phosphate, temperature, and fecal coliform are primary water quality parameters required to be monitored for each water body, while ammonia, As, Cd, Cr, Pb, Hg, and BTEX are secondary water quality parameters to be used in baseline assessment as part of the EIA and other WQM purposes as defined in the Ambient WQM Manual issued through EMB MC 2008-008. [3] TDS and total coliform are not covered in DENR AO No. 2016-08. Guideline values are based on DENR AO No. 1990-34. REFERENCES: DOH AO No. 2017-0010 (Philippine National Standards for Drinking Water of 2017); DENR AO No. 2016-08 (Water Quality Guidelines and General Effluent Standards of 2016); Dutch Soil Remediation Circular of 2013, Annex 1, Table 1


2-34

Lake Water Quality

For validation of the current water quality of the Laguna de Bay that bordered the proposed project site, samples were collected on 20 July 2017 at three (3) sampling stations located approximately 100 to 200 meters off the lake’s shoreline. The photos and coordinates of the lake water sampling points are provided in Figure 2-19. The location map is shown in Figure 2-20. Laboratory analyses of the collected water samples were likewise performed by the CRL Environmental Corporation, a DOH-accredited and DENR-recognized laboratory.

The test methods and results of the lake water quality analysis are summarized in Table 2-9 and detailed in the laboratory report included in Attachment 5b.

Figure 2-19: Photos and Coordinates of the Lake Water Sampling Points

Sampling Point 1: Offshore of Brgy. Malaya Purok 7

N 14.398919°, E 121.331402°

Sampling Point 2 Offshore of Malaya Thermal Power Plant

N 14.395994°, E 121.328679°

Sampling Point 3: Offshore of the proposed project site

N 14.391579°, E 121.329777°

NOTE: Photos courtesy of the LCI Study Team FIGURE NO.

2-19 FIGURE TITLE

Photos and Coordinates of the Lake Water Sampling Points PROJECT PROPONENT:




REPORT PREPARER:



2-35

For the analysis of the surface water samples collected from the lake, the results were compared to the water quality criteria for Class C water bodies (i.e., Fishery Water for the propagation and growth of fish and other aquatic resources; Recreational Water Class II – for boating, fihing, or similar activities; and For agriculture, irrigation, and livestock watering) as per DAO 2016-08 and the LLDA Quarterly Water Quality Monitoring Report findings for the Central Bay (LLDA monitoring station IV) of the Laguna Lake in December 2017.

As presented, the detected Ammonia concentrations at all three sampling points (0.2, 0.1, and 0.2 mg/L) exceeded the maximum limit of 0.05 mg/L for Class C water body, as well as the recorded Ammonia level of 0.033 mg/L at the Central Bay in December 2017. Natural levels of Ammonia in groundwater are usually below 0.2 mg/L. Higher natural contents (up to 3 mg/L) are found in strata rich in humic substances or iron or in forests. The presence of Ammonia at higher than geogenic levels is an important indicator of fecal pollution.

In terms of microbial quality, among the three stations, Sampling Point 1 registered the highest Total Coliform count of 5,400 MPN/100mL, over the maximum allowable limit of 5,000 MPN/100mL for Class C water body, as per DENR AO No. 1990-34. Sampling Point 3 had a very high Fecal Coliform count of 540 MPN/100mL that significantly exceeded the threshold of 200 MPN/100mL for Class C water.

Dissolved Oxygen (DO) concentration is the primary parameter on the suitability of water for the survival and growth of fish and other aquatic life. As presented, the detected DO levels in the three stations passed the DO criterion of more than 5 mg/L for Class C water.

Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) indicates the amount of DO removed during decomposition of organic matter in a given time. It is therefore a general indicator of contamination due to biodegradable organics. Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) is a measure of the required oxygen to chemically oxidize the organic matter in water. It also estimates the amount of organic matter coming from natural sources such as aquatic plants and from municipal, agricultural, and industrial wastes. The detected BOD and COD concentartions in the three sampling points passed the DENR criteria for Class C water body.

Nitrate is the most highly oxidized form of nitrogen found in wastewater and in trace quantities in surface waters. The maximum limit of Nitrate for Class C waters is set at 7 mg/L. The three sampling stations registered Nitrate levels ranging from 0.04 to 0.3 mg/L, which conformed to the DENR limit.

All three stations recorded negligible/acceptable levels of Arsenic, Cadmium, Chromium, Lead, Mercury, and Selenium.


2-36

Figure 2-20: Location Map of the Lake Water Sampling Points


2-20 FIGURE TITLE

Location Map of the Lake Water Sampling Points PROJECT PROPONENT:



REPORT PREPARER:



2-37

Table 2-9: Results of Lake Water Quality Analysis

PARAMETER UNIT DETECTED LEVEL AT THE SAMPLING POINTS BASED ON LABORATORY ANALYSIS

(values in RED exceed the reference standard/s)

GUIDELINE VALUE FOR CLASS C WATER

BODY

LLDA WQ MONITORING RESULTS

(DECEMBER 2017)

SP 1 (Offshore Purok 7)

SP 2 (Offshore MTPP)

SP 3 (Offshore project site)

(DENR AO No. 2016-08) Central Bay (Station IV)

A. WET CHEMISTRY

Ammonia mg/L 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.05 0.091

Biochemical Oxygen Demand mg/L 2 3 1 7 1

Chemical Oxygen Demand mg/L 13 32 15 100 -

Color TCU 15 15 10 75 -

Dissolved Oxygen mg/L 5.9 7.8 6.3 ≥5 6.5

Nitrate mg/L 0.3 0.08 0.04 7 0.617

Oil and Grease mg/L 0.5 0.4 0.4 2 -

pH pH 7.93 8.01 8.02 6.5 – 9.0 7.7

Phosphate mg/L 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.5 0.252

Temperature °C 29.2 28.9 29.2 25-31 -

Total Dissolved Solids mg/L 481 499 489 * -

Total Suspended Solids mg/L 35 34 35 80 -

B. MICROBIOLOGY

Fecal Coliform MPN/100mL 7.8 170 540 200 -

Total Coliform MPN/100mL 5,400 2,400 1,600 5,000 166

C. METALS

Arsenic mg/L <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 0.02 -

Cadmium mg/L <0.003 <0.003 <0.003 0.005 -

Chromium mg/L <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 0.01 -

Lead mg/L <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 0.05 -

Mercury mg/L <0.0002 <0.0002 <0.0002 0.002 -

Selenium mg/L <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 0.02 - NOTES: SP = Sampling Point | (-) = Not monitored | (*) = No guideline value at present | µS/cm = Microsiemens per cm | mg/L = Milligrams per liter | MPN/100mL = Most probable number per 100 mL [1] As per DENR AO No. 2016-08, BOD, color, DO, nitrate, pH, temperature, TSS, and fecal coliform are primary water quality parameters required to be monitored for each water body; while [2] Ammonia, oil & grease, arsenic, cadmium, chromium, lead, mercury, and selenium are secondary water quality parameters to be used in baseline assessment as part of the EIA and other water quality monitoring purposes as defined in the Ambient Water Quality Monitoring Manual issued through EMB MC 2008-008. Total coliform is not covered in DENR AO No. 2016-08. Guideline value is based on DENR AO No. 1990-34. [3] Temp., pH, COD, TSS, phosphate, chromium, arsenic, cadmium, lead, and oil & grease are identified as significant effluent quality parameters for electric power generation industries using oil (petroleum). REFERENCE: DENR AO No. 2016-08 (Water Quality Guidelines and General Effluent Standards of 2016); LLDA WQM Report, October to December 2017, Station IV (Central Bay)


2-38

2.2.3.1 Degradation of groundwater quality

Since the operation of the project relies heavily on fuel, degradation of groundwater quality, particularly of the deep well source on-site, may be a potential impact due to possible oil spills and leaks from various on-site activities, such as engine maintenance and fuel transfer. The main water quality parameter that can be affected is Oil and Grease, which will be monitored as part of the Environmental Monitoring Plan presented in Section 6 of this report.

Heavy metal contamination is not expected to result from the plant operations. However, INGRID commits to conduct regular sampling at the deep well source can be conducted to ensure that the contaminant (i.e., Mercury) is not spreading and is being attenuated at the desired rate to meet the relevant standards.

2.2.3.2 Degradation of surface water quality

Possible siltation may be observed during site development. Accidental oil spills may occur during engine maintenance and fuel transfer potentially affecting the surface water.

Concern on the potential impact of the power plant emissions on the irrigation system in the host barangay was raised by the Malaya Irrigators and Farmers Association, as early as the social preparation phase (IEC) and during the public scoping. A focused group discussion (FGD) was conducted to discuss the group’s specific concerns (see Process Documentation in the Executive Summary for the highlights). Ocular visit and on-site pH level testing were also performed at the irrigation system, which was considered in the delineation of the project’s indirect impact areas (as discussed in Section 1.1.2). The detected pH level of the sample collected at the irrigation system portion located in Sitio Mabiya was 7.28, which was within the acceptable range of 6.5 to 9.0 for Class C water bodies, as per DAO 2016-08.

2.2.4 Freshwater Ecology

Lake Flora

The lake vegetation generally has a low diversity of plants, consisting of species that have a wide distribution range. Two dominant and economically important species here are the water hyacinth and water cabbage (shown in Figure 2-21), which have a rapid population growth and can disrupt navigation, interfere with fisheries, and affect fish and other aquatic animals by lowering oxygen and pH of the water.

The results of LLDA water quality monitoring of monthly chlorophyll-a levels at the Laguna Lake Central Bay in 2016 are presented in Figure 2-22.

Lake Fauna

As cited in the 2013 Ecological Footprint Report for the Laguna de Bay Basin, a total of 23 species of fish belonging to 16 families and 19 genera had been recorded from the lake. The most dominant and important species were Therapon plumbeus (commonly known as silver perch or “ayungin”) and Glossogobius giuris (white goby or “biyang puti”) (Delmendo and Bustillo, 1968).


2-39

Stocking the lake with milkfish or “bangus” (Chanos chanos) was in practice since 1959 and led to accidental introduction of other species in the lake (Santos-Borja and Nepomuceno, 2004).

The snail population in the lake significantly decreased in the sixties due to rampant dredging that sustained the duck industry (connected with making of “balut”) particularly in the eastern towns of Rizal Province. Extensive snail dredging was also attributed to the alarming decline in the Manila sea catfish or “kanduli” (Arius manilensis) population that previously constituted the lake’s fishery.

The population of catfish in the lake started to increase a few years after the introduction of aquaculture in the early seventies, mostly near the fish pen areas. Based on the stock assessment of major fishery resources done by Palma and Pol in 1997, open water catch was comprised of 13 species, including the shrimp usually found in the lake. Of the fish species, the most commonly caught were Tilapia sp., Hypophthalmichthys nobilis (bigheaded carp) and A. manilensis.

There are presently no recorded endemic species in the Laguna de Bay, probably on account of the lake’s young age of 6,000 years (Jaraula, 2001).

The results of LLDA water quality monitoring of monthly phytoplankton and zooplankton counts and benthos population at the Laguna Lake Central Bay in 2016 are presented in Figure 2-23, Figure 2-24, and Figure 2-25, respectively.

2.2.4.1 Threat to existence of and/or loss of important local species and habitat

As mentioned, there are presently no recorded endemic species in the Laguna de Bay, hence, this impact is not expected to result from the project.


This impact is, likewise, not expected to result from the project, since there are no recorded endemic species in the Laguna de Bay.

2.2.5 Marine Ecology

This subsection is not applicable to the project under study since the proposed site is not situated near a marine or coastal area.

2.2.5.1 Threat to existence of and/or loss of important local species and habitat





2-40

Figure 2-21: Some Aquatic Flora found in the Laguna de Bay Basin

Water Cabbage

Water Hyacinth

SOURCE: Ecosystem and People – The Philippine Millenium Ecosystem Assessment (MA) Sub-Global Assessment (UPLB-College of Forestry and Natural Resources, 2005)

FIGURE NO.:

2-21 FIGURE TITLE:

Some Aquatic Flora found in the Laguna de Bay Basin PROJECT PROPONENT:



150-MW DIESEL POWER PLANT PROJECT Barangay Malaya, Pililla, Rizal

REPORT PREPARER:


Figure 2-22: Chlorophyll-a Concentrations at the Laguna Lake Central Bay in 2016

REFERENCE: LLDA Annual Water Quality Monitoring Report on the Laguna de Bay and Its Tributary Rivers, 2016 FIGURE NO.:

2-22 FIGURE TITLE:

Chlorophyll-a Concentrations at the Laguna Lake Central Bay in 2016 PROJECT PROPONENT:




REPORT PREPARER:



2-41

Figure 2-23: Phytoplankton Counts at the Laguna Lake Central Bay in 2016


2-23 FIGURE TITLE:

Phytoplankton Counts at the Laguna Lake Central Bay in 2016 PROJECT PROPONENT:




REPORT PREPARER:



2-42

Figure 2-24: Zooplankton Counts at the Laguna Lake Central Bay in 2016


2-24 FIGURE TITLE:

Zooplankton Counts at the Laguna Lake Central Bay in 2016 PROJECT PROPONENT:




REPORT PREPARER:



2-43

Figure 2-25: Benthos Population at the Laguna Lake Central Bay in 2016


2-25 FIGURE TITLE:

Benthos Population at the Laguna Lake Central Bay in 2016 PROJECT PROPONENT:




REPORT PREPARER:



2-44

2.2.6 Summary of Baseline Findings, Impacts and Mitigation on Water

The following table summarizes the impacts and mitigation on water.

Table 2-10: Summary of Significant Baseline Findings and Potential Impacts and Mitigation on Water

SUMMARY OF BASELINE FINDINGS ON WATER

• Water Quality o Detected Mercury level (0.0016 mg/L) at deep well in project site (SP 5) slightly exceeded DOH, DENR, and

DIV standards.


WATER QUALITY

Degradation of groundwater quality

Construction, Operation

Engine maintenance and fuel transfer may cause accidental oil spills, which may affect groundwater.

Safety measure during construction Remediation through monitored natural attenuation/regular sampling at SP 4 and 5 Installation of proper drainage and oily wastewater treatment facility

Degradation of surface water quality

Construction, Operation

Const: Possible siltation may be observed during site development. Const/Oper: Engine maintenance and fuel transfer may cause accidental oil spills, which may affect surface water. Operation: domestic wastewater generation

Installation of silt traps Installation of proper drainage and oily wastewater treatment facility


2-45

2.3 AIR

For the Air component of the EIA study, coverage includes the host barangay of Malaya, and the nearby Brgy. Niogan (in the north) and Municipality of Jalajala (in the south). The relevant baseline characterization and impact assessment are presented in the succeeding sub-sections.

2.3.1 Meteorology/Climatology

2.3.1.1 Change in local micro-climate

Climate pertains to the average long-term weather of an area and is typically determined over a period of at least 30 years. It is an essential environmental factor as it affects general growth and development. In the Philippines, climate is classified into four (4) types based on the rainfall distribution and pattern.

As presented in the climatological map of the Philippines in Figure 2-26, the proposed project area mainly belongs to Type I climate under the modified Coronas classification with two pronounced seasons: dry from November to April and wet for the rest of the year. This type of climate is highly favorable for agricultural and industrial development to be productive.

Temperature

May is the hottest month of the year, with a recorded mean temperature of 24.7 degrees Celsius (°C), while January is the coldest, with an average temperature of 21.4°C (Table 2-11).

According to the climatological extremes (Table 2-12), the highest temperature recorded in the area is 34.0°C on May 16, 2014, while the lowest recorded temperature is 13.0°C on February 2, 2007 and March 27, 2012.

Rainfall

According to the Climatalogical Normals in Tanay, Rizal, the precipitation is lowest in the month of April, with a historical mean rainfall of about 50.6 millimeters, and is highest in July, with 534 millimeters. The annual mean number of rainy days is 183.

The climatological extremes is presented in Table 2-12. According to the data, the greatest daily rainfall experienced in the area was on September 26, 2009 at 331.8 millmeters.

Surface Wind

Wind directions are influenced by monsoons: Northeast Monsoon (Amihan) from October to April and Southwest Monsoon (Habagat) from May to September. Based on the 1999-2012 monitoring records at the PAGASA Weather Station in Tanay, Rizal, the prevailing wind in the area comes predominantly from the northeastern direction (October to April), while winds from the west are felt from May to September.

Tropical Cyclones

Tropical cyclones or typhoons are the most influential factors that bring considerable rainfall in the Philippines. Typhoons usually occur in the country from June to December, with highest frequencies during the months of July and August. The mean annual number of typhoons that


2-46

pass through the Philippine Area of Responsibility (PAR) is about 20. As shown in Figure 2-27, an average of three tropical cyclones passes by the Pililla, Rizal area every two years.

In November 2011, Department of Environment and Natural Resources - Environmental Management Bureau (DENR-EMB) released a memorandum circular numbered 005 (MC 2011-005), which mandates the inclusion of DRR and CCA in the Philippine EIS System, to “ensure that the project is resilient and that their environmental impact do not exacerbate natural hazards or climate change’s effects on human or natural systems” (DENR-EMB, 2011). The circular aims to provide information on changes that may happen to the area based on projections made by the Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical, and Astronomical services Administration (PAGASA). The projections include data for 2020 and 2050. The PAGASA projections are shown in Figure 2-28.

From PAGASA projection in 2020 and 2050, Region 4A would experience higher temperatures during summer season and increased rainfall during the rainy season by year 2020 and 2050. Higher temperatures will result in water shortages, and increased rainfall may induce flooding.

Frequency of extreme events under medium-range emission scenario will increase in 2020 and 2050. Considering these figures, appropriate precautionary measures may be employed during the construction and operation phases of the project to avoid any complication in the long-run.

Climate change is attributed mainly to the release of carbon into the atmosphere. Due to the nature of the project, carbon will unfortunately be released to the atmosphere, thus the possibility of influencing the local micro-climate.


2-47

Table 2-11: Mean Historical Monthly Temperature and Rainfall Data (1991-2015)

STATION NAME: TANAY, RIZAL Latitude: 14°34'5.22" N

PERIOD: 1999-2012 Longitude: 121°22'09.30" E

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) (13) (14) (15) (16)

MONTH RAINFALL TEMPERATURE WIND NO. DAYS W/

Amount (mm)

No. of Rainy Days

Max (°C)

Min (°C)

Mean (°C)

Dry Bulb (°C)

Wet Bulb (°C)

Dew Pt. (°C)

Vapor Pressure

(mbs)

Relative Humidity

(%)

Mean Sea Level

Pressure (MBS)

Prevailing Wind

Direction (16 pt)

Wind Speed in Prev.

Wind. Dir. (mps)

Cloud Amount (okta)

Thunderstorm Lightning

JAN 70.7 10 24.2 18.6 21.4 21.0 19.7 19.1 22.3 89 1013.0 NE 4 5 0 1

FEB 63.0 9 24.9 18.8 21.9 21.3 20.0 19.4 22.6 89 1012.7 NE 4 5 1 1

MAR 59.0 8 26.4 19.4 22.9 22.3 20.7 20.0 23.6 87 1011.9 NE 3 5 2 2

APR 50.6 6 28.2 20.5 24.4 23.8 21.9 21.1 25.1 85 1010.8 NE 3 4 4 7

MAY 196.3 14 28.3 21.0 24.7 24.2 22.6 22.0 26.5 87 1008.8 W 3 6 15 15

JUN 257.6 18 27.4 21.1 24.3 23.8 22.6 22.1 26.7 90 1008.6 W 3 6 17 16

JUL 534.2 22 26.4 20.7 23.6 23.1 22.1 21.7 26.1 92 1007.9 W 3 6 15 13

AUG 474.1 23 25.8 20.5 23.2 22.9 22.1 21.8 26.1 93 1007.8 W 3 7 14 9

SEP 482.8 21 26.2 20.4 23.3 23.0 22.1 21.8 26.1 92 1008.3 W 3 7 14 13

OCT 276.5 18 26.2 20.4 23.3 23.3 21.8 21.4 25.4 91 1009.5 NE 3 6 10 13

NOV 264.8 18 25.6 19.9 22.8 22.8 21.3 20.8 24.7 91 1010.3 NE 3 6 5 7

DEC 202.3 16 24.3 19.1 21.7 21.5 20.4 19.9 23.3 91 1011.4 NE 4 6 1 1

ANNUAL 2931.9 183 26.2 20.0 23.1 22.7 21.4 20.9 24.9 89 1010.1 NE 3 6 98 98 SOURCE: PAGASA


2-48

Table 2-12: Climatological Extremes in Tanay Rizal (2000-2017)

STATION: TANAY, RIZAL

YEAR: AS OF 2017

MONTH TEMPERATURE (°C) GREATEST DAILY RAINFALL (mm) HIGHEST WIND (MPS) SEA LEVEL PRESSURES (MBS)

High Date Low Date Amount Date Speed Direction Date High Date Low Date

JAN 28.1 01-28-03 14.8 01-22-03 62.2 01-18-15 22 NNE 01-31-11 1021.1 01-21-05 1005.4 01-19-06

1021.1 01-24-17

FEB 29.5 02-11-11 13.0 02-02-07 79.8 02-22-13 18 E 02-16-13 1023.1 02-14-17 1005.4 02-01-01

MAR 31.0 03-28-06 13.0 03-27-12 52.8 03-01-11 18 NNE 03-07-04 1020.5 03-07-05 1004.7 03-21-04

31.0 03-24-16

APR 32.5 04-25-13 16.0 04-24-12 98.8 04-25-09 17 ENE 04-02-17 1018.1 04-03-17 1005.2 04-21-01

16.0 04-03-17

MAY 34.0 05-16-14 15.5 05-22-12 146.5 05-07-09 17 NW 05-08-11 1016.3 05-25-11 1003.2 05-11-08

JUNE 32.0 06-02-14 15.0 06-13-12 169.1 06-21-09 25 SW 06-30-04 1013.6 06-14-17 994.9 06-21-08

32.0 06-03-14 1013.6 06-7-15

JULY 31.5 07-20-15 16.0 07-13-07 204.2 07-05-00 42 NNE 07-13-10 1014.6 07-26-15 993.8 07-04-01

AUG 31.0 08-11-17 13.5 08-06-05 206.2 08-07-07 25 W 08-21-15 1014.3 08-15-11 998.6 08-17-01

SEP 29.5 09-01-08 15.0 09-15-05 331.8 09-26-09 27 WNW 09-26-11 1015.5 09-18-05 994.1 09-26-11

29.5 09-27-14

OCT 30.1 10-07-03 15.0 10-01-06 204.6 10-28-00 30 E 10-30-09 1015.7 10-10-11 916.5 10-28-00

NOV 29.0 11-03-03 15.0 11-13-05 163.2 11-20-00 30 N 11-02-00 1017.4 11-28-02 991.1 11-02-00

29.0 11-02-14 15.0 11-18-05

29.0 11-15-17

DEC 28.5 12-07-12 13.5 12-09-05 145.6 12-02-04 24 NNE 12-08-14 1018.7 12-28-15 994.1 12-02-04

ANNUAL 34.0 05-16-14 13.0 02-02-07 331.8 09-26-09 42 NNE 07-13-10 1023.1 02-14-17 916.5 10-28-00

13.0 03-27-12

PERIOD OF 2000 – 2017 2000 – 2017 2000 – 2017 2000 – 2017

RECORD SOURCE: PAGASA


2-49

Figure 2-26: Climatological Map of the Philippines

SOURCE: Philippine Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration FIGURE NO.

2-26 FIGURE TITLE

Climatological Map of the Philippines PROJECT PROPONENT:




REPORT PREPARER:


PROJECT SITE


2-50

Figure 2-27: Frequencies of Tropical Cyclones in the Philippines

SOURCE: Philippine Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration FIGURE NO.

2-27 FIGURE TITLE

Frequencies of Tropical Cyclones in the Philippines PROJECT PROPONENT:




REPORT PREPARER:


PROJECT SITE


2-51

Figure 2-28: PAGASA Climate Projection for 2020 and 2050 covering Rizal Province

SOURCE: PAGASA

FIGURE NO.:

2-28

FIGURE TITLE:

PAGASA Climate Projection for 2020 and 2050 covering Rizal Province PROJECT PROPONENT:




REPORT PREPARER:


2.3.1.2 Contribution in terms of greenhouse gas emissions

Volume 2 of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories was used to quantify the greenhouse gas emissions of the proposed project. The Tier 1 method, which requires the amount of fuel that will be combusted, and the default emission factor stated by IPCC, was used. The simplified equation for Tier 1 Method can is presented in Figure 2-29.

Emissions from the generators were considered for the operation phase. It is assumed that the operation will run 24 hours per day, 7 days per week at 47MW. Table 2-13 shows the fuel consumption (light diesel oil) and the carbon emissions of the generators.

According to the results, INGRID will emit 7,789,392 kg of carbon per annum. Considering that the capacity of the facility is 47MW, the total carbon that will be released to the atmosphere is 366,101,424 kg of carbon, or 366,101 metric tons of carbon per year. The worst case scenario was also considered. Assuming that 150MW will be produced per year, the carbon emissions per annum will be 1,168,408,800 kg.


2-52

The carbon emissions are mainly due to the carbon monoxide emissions of the generators. The usual mitigation for carbon emissions is carbon sequestration through tree planting and reforestation activities.

Figure 2-29: Simplified Equation for Tier 1 Method of GHG Quantification

SOURCE: IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories, Volume 2

FIGURE NO.:

2-29

FIGURE TITLE:

Simplified Equation for Tier 1 Method of GHG Quantification PROJECT PROPONENT:




REPORT PREPARER:


Table 2-13: Calculation of Estimated Carbon Emissions per Annum

UNIT VALUE REFERENCE

Emissions of 1 generator per annum kg Carbon 7,789,392

Fuel consumption of 1 generatore per annum

TJ 105.12 Datasheet for G3+ Generator

Emission Factor kg gas/TJ 74,100 IPCC Volume 2 (Diesel Oil, Table 2.2)

Emissions per annum at 47MW Capacity

kg Carbon 366,101,424

Emissions per annum at 150MW Capacity

kg Carbon 1,168,408,800

2.3.2 Ambient Air Quality and Noise

To assess the baseline ambient air quality and noise levels at the proposed project site and the adjacent communities, sampling was conducted on 21 and 23 July 2017 at four stations situated along the Pililla – Jalajala – Pakil Road. The photos and coordinates of the monitoring stations are provided in Figure 2-30. The location map is shown in Figure 2-31.

• Station 1 is in front of Niogan Elementary School (in adjacent barangay), almost two kilometers northeast of the proposed project site;

• Station 2 is in front of Malaya Elementary School and Barangay Hall about one kilometer northeast of the proposed project site;

• Station 3 is in front of the old Shell Lube Oil Refinery complex (proposed project site); and

• Station 4 is at the Pililla and Jalajala boundary, around 1.3 kilometers southwest of the proposed project site.


2-53

For each station, sampling covered one-hour monitoring in two shifts (morning and afternoon) to reflect the general conditions at different time intervals when anthropogenic activities are expected to vary. Field sampling and laboratory analysis were performed by CRL Calabarquez Corporation, a DENR-recognized laboratory based in Pampanga.


2-54

Figure 2-30: Photos and Coordinates of the Ambient Air & Noise Level Monitoring Stations

Station 1: Niogan Elem. School

N 14.40735, E 121.34120

Station 2: Malaya Elem. School / Barangay Hall

N 14.39991, E 121.33930

Station-3: Proposed Project Site

N 14.39226, E 121.33747

Station-4: Pililla – Jalajala Boundary

N 14.37856, E 121.33403

NOTE: Photos courtesy of CRL Ambient Air and Noise Monitoring Personnel FIGURE NO.

2-30

FIGURE TITLE

Photos and Coordinates of the Ambient Air & Noise Level Monitoring Stations

PROJECT PROPONENT:




REPORT PREPARER:



2-55

Figure 2-31: Location Map of the Ambient Air and Noise Level Monitoring Stations


2-31

FIGURE TITLE

Location Map of the Ambient Air and Noise Level Monitoring Stations

PROJECT PROPONENT:



REPORT PREPARER:



2-56

Ambient air quality monitoring results are compared with the National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) as per the Implementing Rules and Regulations (IRR) of the Philippine Clean Air Act of 1999 or Republic Act 8749 (DAO 2000-81), while noise level monitoring results are compared with the appropriate guideline values stipulated under the National Pollution Control Commission (NPCC) Memorandum Circular No. 002, Series of 1980.

Table 2-14: Philippine Standards for Noise in General Areas

AREA CATEGORY

DESCRIPTION MAXIMUM ALLOWABLE NOISE LEVEL, dB(A)

Daytime Morning/Early Evening Nighttime

Class AA Generally quiet areas such as areas within 100 meters from school sites, nursery schools, hospitals, and special homes for the aged

50 45 40

Class A Areas primarily used for residential purposes 55 50 45

Class B Areas zoned or used as a commercial area 65 60 55

Class C Areas zoned or used as a light industrial area 70 65 60

Class D Areas zoned or used as a heavy industrial area 75 70 65

NOTES: Morning = 5AM to 9AM; Daytime = 9AM to 6PM; Early Evening = 6PM to 10PM; Nighttime = 10PM to 5AM REFERENCE: NPCC Memorandum Circular No. 1980-002

The observed 1-hour ambient air concentrations and noise level propagations at the monitoring stations are summarized in Table 2-15 and Table 2-16, respectively. The detailed laboratory report is provided in Attachment 5d.

As presented, the four sampling stations showed acceptable ambient air conditions, with most values way below the specified NAAQS limits. It could be noted, however, that the morning shift TSP concentration detected at Station 2 (Malaya Elementary School and Brgy. Hall site) almost reached the NAAQS threshold value. This could be attributed to the high level of anthropogenic activities and density of motorized vehicles in the area where several educational and civic establishments were contiguously situated.

On the other hand, only the noise level propagation observed during daytime at Station 3 (proposed project site) passed the NPCC-prescribed standard.


2-57

Table 2-15: Results of Ambient Air Quality Analysis (21 & 23 July 2017)

STATION LOCATION TIME OBSERVED 1-HOUR AMBIENT AIR CONCENTRATIONS, µg/Ncm

TSP PM10 NO2 SO2 Cd Cr Pb Hg

1 Niogan Elem. School AM 98.0 98.3 34.8 ND ND ND 0.17 0.01

PM 135.2 68.2 11.7 ND ND ND 0.24 0.03

2 Malaya Elem. School / Brgy. Hall AM 298.9 94.6 16.3 ND ND ND 0.22 0.01

PM 106.6 60.5 ND ND ND ND 0.14 0.03

3 Proposed Project Site AM 48.6 59.1 ND ND ND ND 0.12 0.01

PM 70.4 56.0 ND ND ND ND ND 0.01

4 Pililla – Jalajala Boundary AM 222.7 104.9 ND 27.0 ND ND 0.75 0.01

PM 145.6 75.5 ND ND ND ND 0.11 0.02

NAAQS (1-hour sampling) 300 200 260 340 10* N/A 20* N/A

NOTES: ND = Not detected / below detection limit (NO2 = 0.26µg; SO2 = 0.75µg; Cd = 0.1µg; Cr = 2.0; Pb = 0.5µg); N/A = No applicable DENR Standard; (*) = Evaluation of this standard is carried out for 30-minute averaging time. REFERENCE: DAO 2000-81 (IRR of Republic Act 8749)

Table 2-16: Results of Noise Level Monitoring (21 & 23 July 2017)

STATION LOCATION TIME OBSERVED 1-HOUR NOISE LEVEL PROPAGATION, dB(A)

MAXIMUM ALLOWABLE NOISE LEVEL, dB(A)

REMARKS

1 Niogan Elem. School* AM 64.36 50 Exceeded

PM 63.68 50 Exceeded

2 Malaya Elem. School / Brgy. Hall* AM 68.02 50 Exceeded

PM 67.69 50 Exceeded

3 Proposed Project Site*** AM 71.53 75 Acceptable

PM 60.20 75 Acceptable

4 Pililla – Jalajala Boundary** AM 67.14 55 Exceeded

PM 66.39 55 Exceeded NOTES: (*) Class AA = School site (**) Class A = Residential area (***) Class D = Heavy industrial area REFERENCE: NPCC Memorandum Circular No. 1980-002


2-58

2.3.2.1 Increase in ambient noise level

The project is expected to emit a maximum of 89.7 dB(A) at a distance of one (1) meter from the closest generator (running/operating diesel engine). The built-in silencer in the engine system is expected to reduce the generated noise level within acceptable limits. Plant personnel will nevertheless be required to wear proper personal protective equipment (PPE). The noise level is also expected to attenuate with distance. The nearest residential area is located approximately 800 meters north of the project site. To further contribute in maintaining acceptable ambient noise levels in the project impact area, the existing vegetation around the project site can be preserved to act as natural noise barriers and mitigate the noise coming from the project site.

2.3.2.2 Degradation of air quality

Based on the results of the air dispersion model conducted, NO2 is the criteria pollutant of potential concern in particular to the short-term to mid-term impact of the proposed project to the air quality of the study area.

Air Dispersion Model

A steady state Gaussian plume dispersion model was applied to evaluate the air pollution impact on the local air quality from the proposed diesel power plant project in Brgy. Malaya, Pililla, Rizal. The modeling domain covering the study area is a 10-km by 10-km grid centered on the possible stack location (14°23'24.23"N, 121°20'4.15"E) at the center of the proposed project site as shown in Figure 2-32.

The primary air pollutant to the air quality of the study area will be the particulates (TSP and PM10) and gaseous air pollutants, such as Carbon Monoxide (CO), Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2) and Sulfur Dioxide (SO2) that are emitted from the said stacks of the proposed power plant. The point sources of these pollutants will be the 150 stacks of the proposed power plant. The proposed facility is in an area where regional meteorological condition and terrain would have a significant effect on the predicted ground-level concentration (GLC) of its air emissions. The meteorological data used for the model was derived from a 3-year mesoscale regional meteorological model (MM5) for the said area. The summarized wind frequency data for the three-year MM5 data as shown in the wind rose diagram (Figure 2-33) indicates that the prevailing wind direction in the area is in northeasterly and easterly sectors with a wind speed range between four to nine meters per second. As for the terrain elevation data, it was obtained from high resolution database of Earth’s topography collected during the Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM). The elevation data was then processed (Figure 2-34) by AERMAP, the terrain preprocessor for AERMOD air dispersion study, to calculate the hill height scale and elevations for receptors within the model domain of 10 km x 10 km grid with a 500 m resolution of the uniform Cartesian grid receptor.

AERMOD, the US EPA‘s recommended model for most small scale regulatory applications, was then used for predicting the ground-level concentrations (GLC) of the said air pollutants. AERMOD, also known as the AERMIC (American Meteorological Society/EPA Regulatory Improvement Committee) Regulatory Model, is an advanced next-generation air dispersion model that incorporates concepts such as planetary boundary layer (PBL) theory and advanced methods for handling complex terrain. Such model has undergone thorough model evaluation procedures yielding reasonably accurate modeling results provided that the appropriate input data are used.


2-59

Figure 2-32: Model Domain of the Study Area

Source: LCI Envi Corporation FIGURE NO.

2-32

FIGURE TITLE

Model Domain of the Study Area

PROJECT PROPONENT:




REPORT PREPARER:



2-60

Figure 2-33: Wind Rose Diagram based from the Mesoscale Regional Meteorological Data of Three Years


2-33

FIGURE TITLE

Wind Rose Diagram based from the Mesoscale Regional Meteorological Data of Three Years

PROJECT PROPONENT:




REPORT PREPARER:



2-61

Figure 2-34: Digitized Terrain Map of the Study Area


2-34

FIGURE TITLE

Digitized Terrain Map of the Study Area

PROJECT PROPONENT:




REPORT PREPARER:


In this first level of analysis, it is assumed that the pollutants do not undergo any physico-chemical transformation and that there is no pollutant removal by dry deposition. Data on the emission concentration and volumetric flow rate were used to determine the emission rate of the pollutants from the stacks of the power plant in a reasonable scenario. The following equation was used:

Emission Rate (g/s) = Concentration (mg/Nm3) x Stack Volumetric Flowrate (Nm3/s) x 10-3

Varying emission concentrations for INGRID and MTPP were used to quantify the emission rates. Emission testing data of the generators to be utilized for INGRID were used, while the NESSAP limits from DAO 2000-81 were used for MTPP. The following are the emission concentrations used:

Table 2-17: Emission Concentrations from Point Sources

EMISSION CONCENTRATIONS, mg/Nm3

INGRID MTPP

Result Method

NO2 472.6643 USEPA Method 7E 1500

CO 149.4000 USEPA Method 10 500

SO2 7.8715 USEPA Method 6C 1500

TSP 15.8738 USEPA Method 5 150

PM10 10.3179* USEPA Method 5 97.5* * Assumed to be 65% of TSP


2-62

The following are the input data that were used for the air dispersion model:

Table 2-18: Input Data for Air Dispersion Model

POINT SOURCE

STACK HEIGHT, m

STACK DIAMETER, m

EXIT STACK GAS TEMPERATURE, K

EXIT GAS VOLUMETRIC FLOW, Nm3/s

NUMBER OF STACKS

INGRID 5.6b 0.413b 760b 4.332a 150

MTPP 70 4.0 408.15d 282.7d 2

The following are the emission rates of each pollutant:

Table 2-19: Emission Rates (g/s) from Point Sources

EMISSION RATES, g/s INGRID MTPP

NO2 2.048 424.05

CO 0.647 141.35

SO2 0.034 424.05

TSP 0.069 42.405

PM10 0.045 27.56325

The following is the scenario for the air dispersion model run:

Table 2-20: Scenario for Air Dispersion Model

POINT SOURCE OUTPUT NO. OF DAYS

INGRID 47 MW 24/7, 364 150 MW 1 Day

MTPP 600 MW Once a week, for 52 weeks

Table 2-21 summarizes the modeling results describing the predicted incremental maximum ground-level concentration (GLC) of criteria air pollutants at different averaging times.

Moreover, the isopleths for the long-term annual incremental GLC of the said pollutants are also shown Figure 2-35 to Figure 2-39. It should be noted that these concentrations are the predicted maximum increase in the existing ambient air levels in the study area based on a reasonable worst-case scenario. These values include the background concentration of the pollutants in the area associated with other existing potential emission sources in the study area such as that of the Malaya Thermal Power Plant.

Figure 2-35 to Figure 2-39 suggest the long-term impact of the plume from the emission source is in southwesterly, southeasterly, and northeasterly direction as influenced by the wind condition and topography in the area. It can also be observed that the maximum GLC is about 50m from the northwestern-most generator, which lies within the project site.

Results indicate that these predicted incremental GLC of CO, SO2, TSP and PM10 are below the prescribed limit stipulated in DAO 2000-81, the Implementing Rules and Regulation (IRR) of RA 8749, the Philippine Clean Air Act (CAA) of 1999. However, the predicted maximum incremental daily average GLC of NO2 is above the prescribed limit. Thus, the NO2 is the criteria pollutant of potential concern in particular to the short-term to mid-term impact of the proposed project to the air quality of the study area. Thus, the proponent must consider “Best Practices”, and install and operate “Best and Available Control Technology” (BACT) to lower the emission rate of the criteria pollutants and ensure that the impact of the project will not be detrimental to air quality of the area.


2-63

There are several BACTs available to control NO2 emissions from diesel generators, as listed on Table 2-22. The Proponent can consider raising the stack height from 5.6m to 8.6m (Figure 2-40); this measure may reduce the maximum GLC by 46% considering 24-hr averaging.

The Proponent also has the option of using a more efficient diesel engine (Figure 2-41) that may reduce maximum NO2 GLC by 59%.

Installation of Selective Catalytic Converters (SCR) on each stack (Figure 2-42) may reduce NO2

emissions by up to 95%. Aside from the proposed mitigating measures, the Proponent shall also conduct regular maintenance activities on the generators to ensure efficient fuel combustion, thus minimizing pollutants such as CO.


2-64

Table 2-21: Predicted Incremental Maximum Ground-Level Concentration (GLC) of Criteria Air Pollutants

POLLUTANT AVERAGING TIME MAXIMUM GLCC, µg/m3

UTM EAST, m UTM NORTH, m CAA STANDARDS, µG/m3 PERCENT REDUCTION

TO ACHIEVE CAA STANDARDS, %

NO2 24-hr 2,885.55 320538.68 1591659.87 150A 95

Annual 227.90 320538.68 1591659.87 40B 82

CO 1-hr 784.95 320538.68 1591659.87 35,000A N/A

8-hr 814.00 320538.68 1591659.87 10,000A N/A

SO2 24-hr 48.33 320538.68 1591659.87 180A N/A

Annual 4.08 320538.68 1591659.87 80A N/A

TSP 1-hr 85.03 320538.68 1591659.87 300C N/A

24-hr 98.07 320538.68 1591659.87 230A N/A

Annual 7.96 320538.68 1591659.87 90A N/A

PM10 1-hr 55.52 320538.68 1591659.87 200C N/A

24-hr 63.96 320538.68 1591659.87 150A N/A

Annual 5.30 320538.68 1591659.87 60A N/A

NOTES: A Section 1, Rule VII National Air Quality (DAO 2000-81) B WHO guidelines 98th percentile value C Section 1, Rule XXVI Source Specific Ambient Air Quality Standards Red font – failed CAA standards

Table 2-22: BACTs for NO2 Emission Control

POLLUTANT AVERAGING

TIME

MAXIMUM GLCC, WITHOUT MITIGATING MEASURE, 5.6

STACK HEIGHT, µg/m3

8.6M STACK HEIGHT MORE EFFICIENT ENGINE (50%

NO2 REDUCTION)

INSTALLATION OF CATALYTIC CONVERTER ON G3+ ENGINE

(95% NO2 REDUCTION) CAA

STANDARDS (µg/m3) Max. GLCc

(µg/m3) % reduction Max. GLCc

(µg/m3) % reduction Max. GLCc

(µg/m3) % reduction

NO2 24-hr 2,885.55 1,568.46 46 1,174.04 59 144.98 95 150A

Annual 227.90 159.77 30 93.1 59 12.88 94 40B

NOTES: A Section 1, Rule VII National Air Quality (DAO 2000-81) B WHO guidelines 98th percentile value Red font – failed CAA standards


2-65

Figure 2-35: Isopleth of the Incremental 98th Percentile 24-hr Average NO2 Concentration


2-35

FIGURE TITLE

Isopleth of the Incremental 98th Percentile 24-hr Average NO2 Concentration (µg/m3)

PROJECT PROPONENT:




REPORT PREPARER:


Figure 2-36: Isopleth of the Incremental 98th Percentile 8-hr Average CO concentration


2-36

FIGURE TITLE

Isopleth of the Incremental 98th Percentile 8-hr Average CO Concentration (µg/m3)

PROJECT PROPONENT:




REPORT PREPARER:


ug/m

^3P

LO

T F

ILE

OF

98.0

0T

H P

ER

CE

NT

ILE

24-H

R V

ALU

ES

FO

R S

OU

RC

E G

RO

UP

: A

LL

Max:

2886 [u

g/m

^3] a

t (

320538.6

8, 1591659.8

7)

29

50

70

90

100

500

800

1000

2500

2886

ug/m

^3P

LOT

FIL

E O

F 9

8.00

TH

PE

RC

EN

TIL

E 8

-HR

VA

LUE

S F

OR

SO

UR

CE

GR

OU

P: A

LL

Max

: 81

4 [u

g/m

^3]

at (

3205

38.6

8, 1

5916

59.8

7)

8

10

30

50

60

80

100

300

500

600

800

814


2-66

Figure 2-37: Isopleth of the Incremental 98th Percentile 24-hr Average SO2 Concentration


2-37

FIGURE TITLE

Isopleth of the Incremental 98th Percentile 24-hr Average SO2 Concentration (µg/m3)

PROJECT PROPONENT:




REPORT PREPARER:


Figure 2-38: Isopleth of the Incremental 98th Percentile 24-hr Average TSP Concentration


2-38

FIGURE TITLE

Isopleth of the Incremental 98th Percentile 24-hr Average TSP Concentration (µg/m3)

PROJECT PROPONENT:




REPORT PREPARER:


ug/m

^3P

LO

T F

ILE

OF

98.0

0T

H P

ER

CE

NT

ILE

24-H

R V

ALU

ES

FO

R S

OU

RC

E G

RO

UP

: A

LL

Max:

48.3

[u

g/m

^3] a

t (

320538.6

8, 1591659.8

7)

0.6

1.0

3.0

5.0

7.0

9.0

10.0

20.0

40.0

48.3

ug/m

^3P

LO

T F

ILE

OF

98.0

0T

H P

ER

CE

NT

ILE

24-H

R V

ALU

ES

FO

R S

OU

RC

E G

RO

UP

: A

LL

Max: 9

8.0

7 [u

g/m

^3] a

t (

320538.6

8, 1591659.8

7)

0.98

1.00

2.00

4.00

5.00

7.00

9.00

10.00

20.00

40.00

50.00

70.00

90.00

98.07


2-67

Figure 2-39: Isopleth of the Incremental 98th Percentile 24-hr Average PM10 Concentration


2-39

FIGURE TITLE

Isopleth of the Incremental 98th Percentile 24-hr Average PM10 Concentration (µg/m3)

PROJECT PROPONENT:




REPORT PREPARER:


Figure 2-40: Isopleth of the Incremental 98th Percentile 24-hr Average NO2 Concentration at 8.6m Stack Ht.


2-40

FIGURE TITLE

Isopleth of the Incremental 98th Percentile 24-hr Average NO2 Concentration (µg/m3) at 8.6m Stack Height

PROJECT PROPONENT:




REPORT PREPARER:


ug/m

^3P

LO

T F

ILE

OF

98.0

0T

H P

ER

CE

NT

ILE

24-H

R V

ALU

ES

FO

R S

OU

RC

E G

RO

UP

: A

LL

Max:

64.0

[u

g/m

^3] a

t (

320538.6

8, 1591659.8

7)

0.6

1.0

4.0

5.0

6.0

10.0

40.0

50.0

60.0

64.0

ug/m

^3P

LO

T F

ILE

OF

98.0

0T

H P

ER

CE

NT

ILE

24-H

R V

ALU

ES

FO

R S

OU

RC

E G

RO

UP

: A

LL

Max:

1568 [u

g/m

^3] a

t (

320538.6

8, 1591659.8

7)

16

50

60

80

100

400

500

800

1000

1500

1568


2-68

Figure 2-41: Isopleth of the Incremental 98th Percentile 24-hr Average NO2 Concentration with More Efficient Engines


2-41

FIGURE TITLE

Isopleth of the Incremental 98th Percentile 24-hr Average NO2 Concentration (µg/m3) with More Efficient Engines

PROJECT PROPONENT:




REPORT PREPARER:


Figure 2-42: Isopleth of the Incremental 98th Percentile 24-hr Average NO2 Concentration with Catalytic Converters


2-42

FIGURE TITLE

Isopleth of the Incremental 98th Percentile 24-hr Average NO2 Concentration (µg/m3) with Catalytic Converters

PROJECT PROPONENT:




REPORT PREPARER:


ug/m

^3P

LO

T F

ILE

OF

98.0

0T

H P

ER

CE

NT

ILE

24-H

R V

ALU

ES

FO

R S

OU

RC

E G

RO

UP

: A

LL

Max:

1174 [u

g/m

^3] a

t (

320538.6

8, 1591659.8

7)

12

30

50

80

100

300

500

800

1000

1174

ug/m

^3P

LOT

FIL

E O

F 9

8.00

TH

PE

RC

EN

TIL

E 2

4-H

R V

ALU

ES

FO

R S

OU

RC

E G

RO

UP

: ALL

Max

: 14

5 [u

g/m

^3]

at (

3205

38.6

8, 1

5916

59.8

7)

3

5

6

8

10

50

60

80

100

145


2-69

2.3.3 Summary of Baseline Findings, Impacts and Mitigation on Air and Noise

The following table lists the impacts and mitigation on air.

Table 2-23: Summary of Significant Baseline Findings and Potential Impacts and Mitigation on Air

Summary of Baseline Findings on Air:

• Meteorology o The proposed project area mainly belongs to Type I climate under the modified Coronas classification with

two pronounced seasons: dry from November to April and wet for the rest of the year). o Temperature is highest in May and lowest in January. Precipitation is highest in July and lowest in April. o The prevailing wind in the area comes predominantly from the northeastern direction (October to April),

while winds from the west are felt from May to September. o An average of 3 tropical cyclones passes by the Pililla area every 2 years.

• Ambient Air Quality and Noise o The 4 sampling stations showed acceptable ambient air conditions, with most values way below the specified

NAAQS limits. However, the morning shift TSP concentration detected at Station 2 (Malaya Elementary School and Brgy. Hall site) almost reached the NAAQS threshold value.

o Only the noise level propagation observed during daytime at Station 3 (proposed project site) passed the NPCC-prescribed standard.


METEOROLOGY/CLIMATOLOGY

Change in local micro-climate

Operation Due to the nature of the project, greenhouse gases, such as carbon, will inevitably be released into the atmosphere, thus affecting the local micro-climate.

Regular and proper maintenance of engines for more efficient fuel combustion, thus reducing carbon emissions Scaling-up of carbon sequestration through tree planting

Contribution in terms of greenhouse gas emissions

Operation

AMBIENT AIR QUALITY AND NOISE

Degradation of air quality

Operation NO2 emissions from the engines may adversely affect the area.

Possible installation of pollution control devices such as, but not limited to, catalytic converters to lessen emissions.

Increase in ambient noise level

Operation The generators are expected to emit noise. This may affect the ambient noise levels in the area.

Incorporation of silencer in the engine system to reduce the noise level within acceptable limits Maintenance of vegetation surrounding the area to serve as natural noise barriers


2-70

2.4 PEOPLE

For the People component, the EIA study considered the host community of Brgy. Malaya in the Municipality of Pililla as the primary impact area. The adjacent barangays, Niogan (Pililla) and Sipsipin (Jalajala) were considered as secondary impact areas. These three barangays were covered in the socio-economic and perception survey conducted for the proposed project on May 23 to 25, 2018. The results of the said survey are presented in the succeeding sub-sections as part of the baseline characterization and impact assessment on People.

The socio-economic and perception survey employed random sampling based on estimated 1,550 households in Brgy. Malaya, with 95% confidence level and 5% margin of error. This resulted to a sampling size of 310 households for Brgy. Malaya. The households covered for the adjacent barangays, Niogan and Sipsipin, were 44 and 46, respectively. A total of 400 households were covered in the survey.

Table 2-24 presents the population and annual population growth rates in the region, province, municipality, and barangay that cover the study area.

Table 2-24: Population of Region IV-A, Rizal Province, Pililla, and Brgy. Malaya (2010, 2015)

AREA POPULATION (2010)

POPULATION (2015)

ANNUAL POPULATION GROWTH RATE (2010-2015)

Region IV-A (CALABARZON) 12,609,803 14,414,774 +2.58%

Province of Rizal 2,484,840 2,884,227 +2.88%

Municipality of Pililla 59,527 64,812 +1.63%

Brgy. Malaya 7,721 7,748 +0.07%

SOURCE: Philippine Statistics Authority, 2010 Census of Population and Housing and 2015 Census of Population

2.4.1 Displacement of Settlers

Displacement of settlers is not expected to result from the Project, since the leased property where the diesel power plant is proposed to be installed and operated is idle and unoccupied. As presented in Section 1.4, the proposed transmission line route will not be traversing any residential property. However, there will be a slight disturbance on the Pililla – Jalajala – Pakil Road, along which the transmission line will be constructed. Right-of-way must be secured with the concerned entities.

The land tenure, housing tenure, and type of housing structures of surveyed households in the project impact area are presented in Table 2-25, Table 2-26, and Table 2-27, respectively.

As shown in Table 2-25 on land tenure, majority of the respondents in all three barangays claim to own the land that they are currently occupying, followed by respondents who claim to occupy the land with permission from the owner. It can be noted that 1% of the respondents from Brgy. Malaya and 2% from Brgy. Sipsipin occupy the land without permission from the owner.

In terms of housing tenure in the project impact area (Table 2-26), majority of the respondents from the three barangays do own the house where they are currently residing. Almost equal portions of respondents are renting and occupying the house with permission from the owner.

With regards to the type of housing structures found in the project impact area (Table 2-27), majority of the respondents from the three barangays are living in fully-concreted houses. A good portion of respondents live in houses constructed with a mixture of concrete and lightweight


2-71

materials. It can be noted that 1% of the respondents from Brgy. Malaya dwell in houses made from recycled materials.

Table 2-25: Land Tenure in the Project Impact Area

LAND TENURE PERCENTAGE DISTRIBUTION

Brgy. Malaya Brgy. Niogan Brgy. Sipsipin

Own land 63% 70% 87%

Land is being rented 11% 18% 4%

Land is occupied with permission from the owner 24% 11% 7%

Land is occupied without permission from the owner 1% 0% 2%

Others 0% 0% 0%

Data not provided 2% 0% 0%

TOTAL NUMBER OF HOUSEHOLD RESPONDENTS 310 44 46 NOTE: Results are based on the socio-economic survey conducted on May 23-25, 2018.

Table 2-26: Housing Tenure in the Project Impact Area

HOUSING TENURE PERCENTAGE DISTRIBUTION


Own house 79% 73% 91%

House is being rented 10% 16% 4%

House is occupied with permission from the owner 10% 11% 4%

House is occupied without permission from the owner 0% 0% 0%

Others 1% 0% 0%



Table 2-27: Type of Housing Structures in the Project Impact Area

HOUSING STRUCTURE PERCENTAGE DISTRIBUTION


Fully concrete 54% 55% 78%

Partially concrete 33% 30% 17%

Made of lightweight materials (nipa, cogon, bamboo, wood, etc.)

12% 14% 4%

Made of recycled materials (plastic, tin, etc.)

1% 0% 0%

Others 0% 2% 0%



2.4.2 In-migration

A total of 110 manpower will be required during the project construction and 94 during operation. INGRID Power Holdings, Inc. commits to prioritize employment of qualified workers from Pililla and nearby municipalities to mitigate the negative effects of in-migration.

If migrant workers are hired, the Proponent will coordinate with the host LGU for the issuance of certificates containing pertinent information about the new employees. Furthermore, employees who are not from the host barangay or municipality will be housed within the power plant compound to ensure their safety.

Proliferation of informal settlers is not expected to result from the project.

The following tables present profile information of the surveyed household heads in the project impact area. In terms of religious affiliation (Table 2-29), the household heads from the three


2-72

barangays are pre-dominantly Roman Catholic. The remaining respondents are religiously affiliated with Iglesia ni Cristo and Born-Again Christians, among others.

Table 2-28: Place of Origin of Household Heads in the Project Impact Area

PLACE OF ORIGIN PERCENTAGE DISTRIBUTION


Pililla, Rizal 58% 50% 11%

Another town in Rizal 7% 9% 52%

Metro Manila 5% 5% 2%

Others 25% 34% 33%



Table 2-29: Religious Affiliation of Household Heads in the Project Impact Area

RELIGIOUS AFFILIATION PERCENTAGE DISTRIBUTION


Roman Catholic 90% 80% 78%

Iglesia Ni Cristo 3% 0% 9%

Born Again Christian 3% 5% 2%

Others 3% 9% 9%



2.4.3 Cultural/Lifestyle Change

There are no known indigenous peoples residing near or within the project area. Hence, cultural and lifestyle changes are not expected to result from the proposed project.

In terms of lifestyle change, increased local income from the project may introduce and expose workers and the community to vices that tend to undermine the morality of the people. Hostelry areas, such as videoke bars, nightclubs, gambling places, and prostitution, among others may proliferate with demand. If not properly handled, addiction to such vices may contribute in social problems, such as destruction of family and values and increase in crime rate.

INGRID Power Holdings, Inc. commits to work closely with the both the municipal and barangay LGUs and PNP to regulate law to avoid vice-related problems in the community. In addition, INGRID Power Holdings, Inc. will strictly implement a drug and alcohol-free work environment. Commitment to install closed circuit televisions (CCTVs) in strategic places in the plant and the community will be prioritized.

2.4.4 Impacts on Physical Cultural Resources

There are no literature or national/international publications found in the project area that have archaeologic, paleontologic, historical, aesthetic, or cultural, both tangible and intangible, significance, or immovable objects, below ground or underwater, sites, structures, groups of structures, and natural features.

2.4.5 Threat to Delivery of Basic Services/Resource Competition

If skills are not available in the locality, INGRID Power Holdings, Inc., or its contractors, may bring in skilled personnel from outside of the host municipality. Although their residency is temporary,


2-73

transient workers will have needs that are similar to the permanent residents in the area. Hence, competition for food, shelter, power, water, and other local resources may be expected.

Water Supply

As per the 2017 Ecological Profile of Pililla, water supply sources in the municipality include the following: piped connection, deep wells, shallow wells, open wells, springs, and rain water.

The Pililla Water District (PWD) supplies the domestic and commercial needs of the municipality with at least 6,911 service connections as of June 2016.

Table 2-30: Pililla Water District Service Connection Data

YEAR MONTHLY PRODUCTION, cubic meters

SERVICE CONNECTIONS UNIT CONSUMPTION, cubic meters/month Residential Commercial Total

2016 195,897 6,759 152 6,911 22.75

2015 155,948 6,492 127 6,619 19.25

2014 131,983 6,078 109 6,187 18.17

2013 164,319 5,383 106 5,489 18.47

SOURCE: Groundwater Data Bank (LWUA – Water Resources Research and Training Department)

Furthermore, still based on the 2017 Ecological Profile of Pililla, there are six community water supply systems in the municipality, two of which are spring sources located in Brgy. Malaya and in Brgy. Niogan and the rest of which are deep well sources (with submersible pump) in barangays Bagumbayan (in the town center), Halayhayin and Quisao.

The drinking water supply sources of surveyed households in barangays Malaya, Niogan and Sipsipin are sourced out from water refilling stations. Some of the respondents answered that they still prefer to get their drinking water from their faucets and/or shallow wells (unsafe source).

Table 2-31: Drinking Water Supply Sources of Households in the Project Impact Area

SOURCE OF DRINKING WATER SUPPLY PERCENTAGE DISTRIBUTION


Metered/piped connection 32% 43% 0%

Shallow well with hand pump 11% 5% 43%

River, lake, rainwater 3% 0% 0%

Water refilling station 71% 70% 91%

Others: Spring 6% 5% 2%



Sanitation

With regards to access to sanitary toilet facilities, almost all the households in the 3 barangays have access to water-sealed toilet. The few remaining households with no access to sanitary toilet facilities are using communal toilets for their sanitary needs.

The sanitary toilet facility of surveyed households in barangays Malaya, Niogan, and Sipsipin is summarized in the following table.


2-74

Table 2-32: Sanitary Toilet Facility of Households in the Project Impact Area

SANITARY TOILET FACILITY PERCENTAGE DISTRIBUTION


Access to sanitary toilet facility 99% 93% 100%

Without access to sanitary toilet facility 1% 0% 0%



Power Supply

Based on the 2017 Ecological Profile of Pililla, 80% of households in the municipality are have access to electricity through the Manila Electric Co.’s (MERALCO).

The 54-megawatt (MW) Pililla Wind Farm in Brgy. Halayhayin, Pililla is interconnected with MERALCO’s 115-kV Malaya-Caliraya-Kalayaan transmission line that allows the power plant to dispatch energy to the Luzon grid.

In terms of electricity requirement, the project will be served by MERALCO to power the offices and utilities to be constructed within the project area.

Telecommunications

Major telephone, cable, and Internet service providers, such as PLDT, Smart, Globe, Wi-Tribe, and Sun Cellular, have cell sites established in the Municipality of Pililla.

Education

Based on the 2017 Ecological Profile of Pililla, there are 17 daycare centers and 12 elementary schools (9 public and 3 private) in the municipality. As of 2016, the average teacher to student ratio in the public elementary schools is 1:36; the classroom to student ratio is 1:44; and the classroom to teacher ratio is 1:1.2.

Furthermore, still according to the 2017 Ecological Profile of Pililla, there are 5 public schools offering secondary education in the municipality. The only tertiary education institution in the municipality is the University of Rizal System (a network of colleges in Rizal Province) that offers courses and post-graduate studies in social sciences, business, and education and includes an extension unit in the adjacent Municipality of Jalajala. There are no registered public or private technical/vocational training centers in Pililla. No data has been provided in the Ecological Profile on the literacy rate in the municipality.

The highest educational attainment of surveyed household heads in barangays Malaya, Niogan, and Sipsipin is summarized in the Table 2-33. From the table, majority of the household heads were able to go to or finish secondary education (Brgys. Malaya and Sipsipin). For Brgy. Niogan, majority of the respondents were able to go to or finish primary education.


2-75

Table 2-33: Highest Educational Attainment of Household Heads in the Project Impact Area

HIGHEST EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT PERCENTAGE DISTRIBUTION


Elementary 21% 39% 20%

High School 59% 36% 46%

College 10% 16% 30%

Vocational 7% 7% 2%

Others 1% 2% 0%



Recreation and Sports

Recreation and sports facilities in the municipality include 18 covered courts, 15 swimming pools, and 8 registered restaurants.

2.4.6 Threat to Public Health and Safety

Health Resources

The local government of Pililla owns and operates the following health care facilities: Rural Health Unit (or Municipal Health Office) located in Brgy. Bagumbayan, barangay health centers, and school clinics to date.

To augment the provision of health care for its constituents, the municipality has also a number of private medical clinics, private family planning clinics, and private optical clinics. It also has several private-owned clinical laboratories. Pharmacies are also spread throughout the municipality.

Morbidity and Mortality

Listed in Tables 2-34 and 2-35 are the ten leading causes of morbidity and mortality.

Based on latest available data from the Municipal Health Office of Pililla (2013-2015) and as cited in the 2017-2026 CLUP, acute upper respiratory tract infection (URTI) has been the consistent leading cause of morbidity in Pililla. This is followed by several respiratory, gastro-intestinal and lifestyle diseases. In terms of the leading causes of mortality, acute myocardial infraction has been the consistent leading cause of mortality in Pililla. This is followed by community-acquired pneumonia and cerebrovascular accident, several forms of cancer, respiratory and lifestyle diseases.

The common diseases affecting the surveyed households are summarized in Table 2-36.

Given the nature of the project, emissions from the diesel power plant may cause adverse health effects, especially in the respiratory system, to the community members and workers if not properly mitigated. INGRID Power Holdings, Inc. will conduct medical missions and regular check-ups to its workers and the host and adjacent barangays. In addition, there will be constant coordination with the Municipal Health Officer (MHO) and barangay health units to address health-related needs of the community.


2-76

Table 2-34: Ten Leading Causes of Morbidity in Pililla, Rizal (2013-2015)

2013 2014 2015

1. Acute Upper Respiratory Tract Infection



2. Acute Bronchitis 2. Hypertension 2. Pulmonary Tuberculosis

3. Pulmonary Tuberculosis 3. Pulmonary Tuberculosis 3. Hypertension

4. Hypertension 4. Acute Bronchitis 4. Acute Gastroenteritis

5. Acute Gastroenteritis 5. Acute Gastroenteritis 5. Urinary Tract Infection

6. Bronchial Asthma 6. Pneumonia 6. Acute Gastroenteritis

7. Urinary Tract Infection 7. Diabetes Mellitus 7. Bronchial Asthma

8. Pneumonia 8. Bronchial Asthma 8. Pneumonia

9. Diabetes Mellitus 9. Urinary Tract Infection 9. Diabetes Mellitus

10. Intestinal Parasitism 10. Intestinal Parasitism 10. Intestinal Parasitism REFERENCE: 10-Year Comprehensive Land Use Plan of Pililla, Rizal (2017-2026)

Table 2-35: Ten Leading Causes of Mortality in Pililla, Rizal (2013-2015)

2013 2014 2015

1. Acute Myocardial Infarction 1. Acute Myocardial Infarction 1. Acute Myocardial Infarction

2. Community-Acquired Pneumonia

2. Cerebrovascular Accident 2. Community-Acquired Pneumonia

3. Cerebrovascular Accident 3. Community-Acquired Pneumonia

3. Cerebrovascular Accident

4. Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 4. Pulmonary Tuberculosis 4. Bronchial Asthma

5. Pulmonary Tuberculosis 5. Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 5. Breast Cancer

6. Acute Renal Failure 6. Bronchial Asthma 6. Diabetes Mellitus Type 2

7. Bronchial Asthma 7. Acute Renal Failure 7. Pulmonary Tuberculosis

8. Breast Cancer 8. Breast Cancer 8. Colon Cancer

9. Lung Cancer 9. Lung Cancer 9. Acute Renal Failure

10. Colon Cancer 10. Chronic Renal Failure 10. Lung Cancer REFERENCE: 10-Year Comprehensive Land Use Plan of Pililla, Rizal (2017-2026)

Table 2-36: Common Diseases that Affect Households in the Project Impact Area

COMMON DISEASE PERCENTAGE DISTRIBUTION


Fever and headache 92% 80% 70%

Cough and colds 94% 80% 83%

Diarrhea 22% 14% 20%

Dengue, malaria 0% 0% 0%

Lung diseases 0% 0% 0%

Heart diseases 2% 0% 9%

Others 7% 18% 13%



Peace and Order

Crime incidence may also increase in the local community. With available money at hand, proliferation of vices that tends to undermine the morality of the people in the barangay is potentially expected. Videoke bars, clubs, gambling places, prostitution, and others can rise in due time when workers in the project site could be attracted to such offering and indulge in activities that may destroy family values.

Furthermore, drinking may result to the commission of crimes if not properly handled. It is anticipated therefore that social problems may arise as an aftermath of a fluid local economy.


2-77

INGRID Power Holdings, Inc., will regularly coordinate with the barangay officials to ensure peace and order among the workers and the community members. In addition to this, there will be minimal interaction among the workers and the community members, as most of the times, the workers are in the plant premises.

2.4.7 Generation of Local Benefits from the Project

As per the Brgy. Governance Performance Management System (BGPMS) Data Capture Form of Brgy. Malaya for 2014, the major economic sources are agriculture and fishing. For the entire municipality of Pililla, the primary economic activities are agriculture, fishing, mining, industrial, commercial and service centers. The distance of the municipality from Manila (about 58 kilometers) deters big industrial firms from putting up plants and factories in the area. However, its economic development has been hastened with the increased agricultural, livestock, and fish production through modern technology.

Main Sources of Income and Livelihood

Based on the 2017 Ecological Profile of Pililla, the local economy of the municipality is predominantly agricultural. A significant portion of the population still rely on farming, livestock-raising, and fishing as a means of livelihood.

The overall source/s of income of the surveyed households are summarized in Table 2-37. As shown, majority of respondents from Malaya and Niogan are laborers/contractors, while in Brgy. Sipsipin, majority of the respondents are tricycle/jeepney drivers. For other respondents, many of them get their source of income from the Department of Social Welfare and Development’s (DSWD) program called “Pantawid Pamilyang Pilipino Program” or commonly known as 4Ps, remittances from Overseas Filipino Workers (OFWs), self-employed, pensioner, etc.

Employment Profile

Based from the 2017-2026 CLUP of Pililla, the employment distribution by type of industry in Pililla (Table 2-38), majority are in the services sector with 10,912 or (32.93%) personnel employed. This is closely followed by those who are engaged in construction with (23.62%). A total of (18%) or 5,943 are engaged in agriculture, forestry and fishery. The remaining 26% of the personnel employed are distributed in manufacturing, commerce, transportation and communication, and mining and quarrying industries.

In terms of the occupation/source of income of household heads (Table 2-39), majority of the household heads in Brgys. Malaya and Niogan are laborers/contractors, while in Brgy. Sipsipin are tricycle and jeepney drivers. These skilled workers can be tapped during the construction and operations phase of the proposed project.

In terms of generation of local benefits, the proposed project will generate positive impacts. The project will not adversely affect the employment, livelihood, and income of the residents; on the contrary, it may even provide income opportunities. The positive impacts of the project are the following: 1) generation of additional source of income and livelihood; 2) additional revenue for the local government; 3) increased basic social services; and 4) addition and improvement of local residential dwellings. These benefits may be further enhanced through the implementation of social development programs responsive to local needs in the impact area.


2-78

Table 2-37: Income Sources of Households in the Project Impact Area

INCOME SOURCE PERCENTAGE DISTRIBUTION


Brgy. official 1% 2% 0%

Government employee 6% 9% 13%

Private employee 19% 7% 2%

Laborer/contractor 28% 32% 7%

Tricycle/jeepney driver 14% 14% 35%

Farmer 4% 0% 13%

Fisherfolk 5% 9% 11%

Personal business 6% 11% 20%

Others 26% 27% 20%



Table 2-38: Employment Distribution in Pililla by Type of Industry (2012)

INDUSTRY NO. OF EMPLOYED PERCENTAGE SHARE, %

Agriculture and Forestry 4,122 12.44

Fishery 1,821 5.49

Manufacturing 715 2.16

Services 10,912 32.93

Commerce 2,956 8.92

Construction 7,828 23.62

Mining and Quarrying 126 0.38

Transportation and Communication 3,364 10.15

Others 1,296 3.91

TOTAL 33,140 100 REFERENCE: 10-Year Comprehensive Land Use Plan of Pililla (2017-2026)

Table 2-39: Occupation/Source of Income of Household Heads

OCCUPATION/INCOME SOURCE PERCENTAGE DISTRIBUTION


Brgy. official 2% 2% 0%

Government employee 4% 11% 11%

Private employee 14% 7% 0%

Laborer/contractor 24% 30% 9%

Tricycle/jeepney driver 13% 9% 30%

Farmer 4% 0% 11%

Fisherfolk 7% 9% 11%

Personal business 7% 11% 17%

Others: Self-employed, OFW, Pensioner 29% 23% 24%




2-79

2.4.8 Traffic Congestion

Public transportation options in the area include jeepneys and tricycles that travel to neighboring barangays. Residents also have private vehicles ranging from cars to motorcycles.

Traffic may also increase in the area, due to delivery trucks coming in and out of the Plant. Traffic congestion would be mitigated with the support of the surrounding Local Government Units (LGUs) in terms of scheduling and handling the flow of traffic near the project area. It is estimated that about 17 lorries with 20-m3 capacity will be delivering fuel will be passing by the main road per day.

To mitigate the said impact, the designated INGRID commits to develop a traffic management plan with the contractor and the LGU of Pililla. The following measures shall be included in the plan:

• Coordination with LGU of Pililla;

• Lane designation and speed limit;

• Regulation of truck deployment;

• Provision of safety barriers, warning signs and lights, traffic marshals within the vicinity of project sites, and adequate parking spaces;

• All deliveries of construction materials and heavy equipment, either inbound or outbound of the facility may be done during off-peak hours and at designated delivery hubs located near the Project area to prevent blockage of traffic flow along public roads; and

• Assistance of security personnel in directing traffic of vehicles coming in and out of the facility.

2.4.9 Public Perception and Social Acceptability

The survey results on the public perception on the proposed project are summarized in the succeeding figure boxes.

Majority of the respondents across the three surveyed barangays (76-96%) claimed to have no prior knowledge about the proposed project. In Brgy. Malaya and Brgy. Niogan, most of the respondents who were aware of the proposed project (68-70%) claimed to have learned about it through local government officials.

In terms of general perception on the nature of the proposed project, a huge portion of the respondents in the three barangays (43-59%) are undecided as to whether the project would be beneficial to their community. A significant portion of the respondents (17-52%) perceived the project as beneficial, while some (2-22%) supposed otherwise.

In all three barangays, the most commonly cited potential positive impact of the proposed project is additional employment opportunities (85-100%), while the most commonly cited potential negative impact of the project is air pollution (91-98%).


2-80

Figure 2-43: Summary of Perception Survey Results (Awareness)

FIGURE NO.:

2-43 FIGURE TITLE:

Summary of Perception Survey Results (Awareness) PROJECT PROPONENT:




REPORT PREPARER:


24

23

4

76

77

96

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

Brgy. Malaya

Brgy. Niogan

Brgy. Sipsipin

Percentage of Respondents

Awareness on the Proposed Project

Aware Not Aware

28

10

68

70

50

4

10 10

50

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

Brgy. Malaya

Brgy. Niogan

Brgy. Sipsipin


Source of Information about the Project

Project meeting Local official Government agency Proponent Others Not specified


2-81

Figure 2-44: Summary of Perception Survey Results (Perception)

FIGURE NO.:

2-44 FIGURE TITLE:

Summary of Perception Survey Results (Perception) PROJECT PROPONENT:




REPORT PREPARER:


43

52

17

4

2

22

52

43

59

1

3

2

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

Brgy. Malaya

Brgy. Niogan

Brgy. Sipsipin


Perception on the Nature of the Proposed Project

Beneficial Not beneficial Not certain Not specified


2-82

Figure 2-45: Summary of Perception Survey Results (Perceived Impacts)

FIGURE NO.:

2-45 FIGURE TITLE:

Summary of Perception Survey Results (Perceived Impacts) PROJECT PROPONENT:




REPORT PREPARER:


99 100

85

59

77

37

75

66

43

1 1

15

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100


Perc

enta

ge o

f R

espondents

Perceived Positive Impacts of the Proposed Project

Additional employment opportunities Additional business opportunities

Increased local tax revenues Others

Not specified

9398

91

76

68

57

76

84

74

2623

37

25 23

13

73 75 76

7 43 40

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100


Perc

enta

ge of

Respondents

Perceived Negative Impacts of the Proposed Project

Air pollution Noise pollution

Water pollution Land pollution

Waste generation Negative effects on Laguna de Bay

Others Not specified


2-83

2.4.10 Summary of Baseline Findings, Impacts and Mitigation on People

Table 2-40 provides the summary of impacts and mitigating measures on People Module.

Table 2-40 Summary of Significant Baseline Findings and Potential Impacts and Mitigation on People

SUMMARY OF BASELINE FINDINGS ON PEOPLE

• Water supply sources in Pililla include piped connection, deep wells, shallow wells, open wells, springs, and rain water. As of 2017, 80% of households in Pililla have access to electricity through MERALCO.

• The consistent leading cause of morbidity in Pililla from 2013 to 2015 was acute upper respiratory tract infection.

• The employment distribution by type of industry in Pililla: 32.93% in services sector; 23.62% in construction; 18% in agriculture, forestry, and fishery; remaining 26% in manufacturing, commerce, transportation & communication, mining & quarrying.

• Based on the perception survey, 79% of the 400 respondents did not have prior knowledge about the proposed project. A good portion (41%) of the respondents believed that the proposed project would be beneficial, while 6% believed otherwise; majority (52%) were undecided. The most cited potential positive impact of the project is employment generation (97%), followed by tax revenues (71%), business opportunities (59%). Conversely, the most cited potential negative impact of the project is air pollution (93%), followed by water pollution (77%), noise (73%), and adverse effect on the Laguna Lake (73%).

POTENTIAL IMPACTS PROJECT PHASES FINDINGS/OBSERVATIONS MITIGATING MEASURE

In-migration N/A The project only requires 110 manpower for construction and 94 manpower in operation.

Prioritization of hiring qualified local workers

Cultural/Lifestyle Change

Operation No known IPs residing near or within the project area, hence no perceived cultural and lifestyle changes (for IPs) expected to result from the project Increase in income can introduce and expose workers and community to vices that tend to undermine morality.

Coordination with barangay LGUs and PNP to enforce law to avoid vice-related problems in the community Strict implementation of a drug and alcohol-free work environment Installation of CCTVs in strategic places

Threat to Delivery of Basic Services/ Resource Competition

Construction Operation

The project will have minimal effect in terms of resource competition with nearby households. Project’s water requirement is for engine cleaning and maintenance and domestic use. Existing deep well on-site will be tapped. The project will be served by MERALCO to power the offices and utilities to be constructed within the project area.

N/A

Threat to Public Health and Safety


Power plant emissions may cause adverse health effects (i.e., respiratory) to the community and workers if not properly mitigated. Crime incidence may also increase in the local community.

Conduct of medical missions and regular check-ups to workers and host and adjacent barangays. Coordination with Municipal Health Officer (MHO) and barangay


2-84

health units to address health-related needs of the community Coordination with barangay officials to ensure peace and order among workers and community members

Generation of Local Benefits from the Project

Operation Generation of additional source of income and livelihood Additional revenue for the local government Increased basic social services Addition and improvement of local residential dwellings

Implementation of social development programs that are responsive to local needs in the impact area

Traffic Congestion Construction Operation

Increase in traffic generation in the area due to delivery trucks coming in and out of the Plant

Coordination with LGU on scheduling and handling the flow of traffic near the project area

INGRID POWER HOLDINGS, INC. ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT INGRID PILILLA 150-MW DIESEL POWER PLANT PROJECT SECTION 3 Pililla, Rizal IMPACT MANAGEMENT PLAN

3-1

SECTION 3

3.0 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN

The Environmental Management Plan (EMP) presents the mitigation and enhancement principles, practices, and technologies aimed at minimizing and/or eliminating the potential impacts of the Project to its surrounding environment.

The project will inevitably create various impacts, both positive and negative throughout the Pre-Construction/Construction, Operations, and Abandonment phases. Mitigation or prevention measures will be implemented to lessen the adverse impacts of the project. However, there will still be residual impacts even after application of the mitigating measures.

The major impact during the construction phase of the project is the removal of vegetation due to land clearing. There will also be modification/alteration of topography due to the site development (e.g. land clearing, cut and fill activities, land grading) prior to installation of engines. To mitigate the impacts of site development on land and vegetation, land clearing and grading will be limited to areas where these activities are necessary. Limiting land clearing and grading shall limit earth movement in at least 2.6 hectares out of the 6.8-hectare property.

Site development may also cause water logging and will inevitably produce construction debris and solid waste. The nearby Laguna Lake may also be affected by the site development due to the suspended particles that may be transported by surface runoff and/or strong winds. The possible mitigating measures to avoid siltation is establishment of silt traps and covering of exposed soil. These measures shall greatly minimize the runoff that may go to Laguna Lake.

Air quality will be greatly affected by the operation of diesel generators. The possible ground level concentrations (GLC) due to the source emissions from the project site determined the direct impact area (DIA). Results of the air dispersion model shows that the highest GLC exceeds the NAAQGV. Pollution control devices will be installed to lessen emissions of NOx.

Furthermore, the project may cause water pollution due to accidental oil spills/oil discharges from the maintenance activities of the generators. INGRID Power Holdings will install an oily wastewater treatment facility to process oily wastewater prior to discharge. Upon treatment, the effluent should pass the GES stated in DAO 2016-08.

The baseline data on groundwater quality within the proposed project site showed Mercury levels beyond DENR and DOH standards. Because of this, INGRID commits to conduct monitored natural attenuation (MNA), a method that relies on natural processes (e.g., biodegradation, sorption, and chemical reactions) to decrease or “attenuate” concentrations of contaminants in groundwater or soil. In this case, regular sampling at the deep well source can be conducted to ensure that the contaminants (i.e., Mercury and TPH DRO) are not spreading and are being attenuated at the desired rate to meet the relevant standards.

The main concern during the decommissioning/abandonment phase is the possible oil spills; the proponent must establish a decommissioning plan that emphasizes proper pull out of equipment such that accidental oil spills and accumulation of solid wastes are avoided. Other possible sources of contamination during this phase is the decommissioning of fuel storage unit.


3-2

Table 3-1 details the matrix summary of the mitigating and enhancement measures with the corresponding environmental aspects and impacts for the different phases of its development. This matrix summary also includes the responsible parties, estimated costs, and guarantees involved.


3-3

Table 3-1: Environmental Management Plan

ENVT’L ASPECT ENVT’L COMPONENT LIKELY TO BE AFFECTED

POTENTIAL IMPACT

OPTIONS FOR PREVENTION OR MITIGATION OR ENHANCEMENT

SCHEDULE OF IMPLEMENTATION

ESTIMATED COST

RESPONSIBLE ENTITY

GUARANTEES

PRE-CONSTRUCTION PHASE

Acquisition of applicable permits and licenses

The People Disclosure of project components and activities

• Submission of complete requirements for processing of all permits

Prior to construction

Minimal INGRID Power Holdings, Inc.

Pre-construction expenses

Local sourcing of labor

The People Employment opportunities

• Priority hiring within Brgy. Malaya

• Local labor requirement to be announced and posted in barangay hall and public areas.



Pre-construction expenses

CONSTRUCTION PHASE

Site Development (e.g. land clearing, cut and fill activities, land grading)

The Land Modification/Alteration of Topography

• Grading and leveling limited to the exact locations where earth moving is necessary

During construction


Contractor’s EMP

The Land Removal of vegetation

• Land clearing limited to necessary areas

• Apply for Tree Cutting Permit


Covered by contract amount of Contractor


Contractor’s EMP

The Land Water logging • Construct appropriate drainage system within site

During construction

PHP 50,000 INGRID Power Holdings, Inc.

Contractor’s EMP

The Land Accumulation of construction debris and other solid waste

• Implementation of the solid waste management program by the contractor

• Regular transport of construction debris and other solid waste in the approved designated area by the DENR.

During construction

Covered by contract amount of Contractor PHP 40,000


Contractor’s EMP, Site Inspection Report

The Water Surface water pollution and deterioration

• Establishment of sediment traps and erosion barriers

Prior to earth moving/excavation activities


Contractor’s EMP, Site


3-4


POTENTIAL IMPACT



ESTIMATED COST

RESPONSIBLE ENTITY

GUARANTEES

from solid and liquid wastes that have lodged into the body of water and suspended particles as transported by surface runoff and/or wind.

• Provide embankment to stabilize slopes prior to earth moving activities

Inspection Report

The Air Generation of dust

• Prevent unnecessary earth-movement

• Regular watering of construction site

• Apply canvas cover on excavated soil to avoid long exposure to strong winds

During construction



Solid and liquid waste produced during construction



• Regular transport of construction debris and other solid waste in the approved designated area by the DENR

During construction



Use of heavy equipment, during construction works

The Land Ground vibration

• Apply non-vibration techniques during construction, if possible

• Notify nearby residents about use of heavy equipment

• For hauling trucks, comply with road weight limit standards to avoid ground vibration

During construction




3-5


POTENTIAL IMPACT



ESTIMATED COST

RESPONSIBLE ENTITY

GUARANTEES

The Water Surface and groundwater contamination due to accidental oil spills/leaks

• Oil spill management plan is in place

• Use sawdust, rice hulls, or coir dusts to absorb the oil spills

• Maintain canal in the maintenance and repair area of vehicles and equipment

During construction



The Air Generation of Air Emissions and Noise

• Regular maintenance of heavy equipment

• Perform noisy activities during daytime

During construction




The People Traffic congestiion

• Provide early warning devices/road signs

• Provide parking spaces within project site

During construction




Construction of Transmission Lines

The People Road/public safety


• Ensure that construction is isolated from the public by installing barricades

During construction




Influx of workers The Land/The Water

Generation of solid waste

• Implement solid waste management plan

• Hauling of discarded items by accredited haulers

During construction



The Water Ground and surface water contamination from improper disposal of wastes, percolated

• Provision of sanitation facilities for workers (e.g. toilets, showers, etc.)

During construction




3-6


POTENTIAL IMPACT



ESTIMATED COST

RESPONSIBLE ENTITY

GUARANTEES

wastewater, sludge and fecal matter.

The People Occupational Health and Safety

• Proper training on construction safety

• Provision of PPE

• Proper supervision by trained professionals during construction activities

During construction

PHP 100,000


Contractor’s EMP

The People Employment opportunities

• Priority in hiring should be given to residents of host communities

Construction Stage ----- INGRID Power Holdings, Inc.

SDP

OPERATION PHASE

Operation and Maintenance of Engines

The Air Increased levels of CO, TSP, SO2, NO2

brought about by vehicle and equipment emissions

• Regular maintenance of engines

• Regular ambient air and source emission monitoring

• Possible installation of pollution control devices such as, but not limited to, selective catalytic converters in the event that ambient air quality is beyond NAAQS.

• Implement carbon sink programs

Operational stage Initial estimate: ~ PHP 1 million per month


Environmental Monitoring Report

The Water Surface and groundwater contamination

• Oily waste water treatment system will be installed

Operational stage ~ PHP 5 million



The Land Soil contamination

• Construct and maintain canal in the maintenance and repair area of vehicles and equipment

• Possible installation of safety features of fuel storage tanks such

Operational stage ~ PHP 2 million




3-7


POTENTIAL IMPACT



ESTIMATED COST

RESPONSIBLE ENTITY

GUARANTEES

as, but not limited to, spill prevention and detection, bund wall, and secondary containment.

The Land Accumuation of hazardous waste

• Develop and implement a hazardous waste management plan that complies wiith RA 6969.

Operational Stage ----- INGRID Power Holdings, Inc.


The Water Ground and surface water contamination from improper disposal of wastes, percolated wastewater, sludge and fecal matter.

• Provision of sanitation facilities for workers (e.g. toilets, showers, etc.)

Operational stage PHP 30,000 INGRID Power Holdings, Inc.


The People Occupational Health and Safety

• Proper training on safety

• Provision of PPE

Operational stage PHP 100,000



Operation and maintenance of substation and transmission lines

The People Electrocution risk during maintenance/repairs

• Proper supervision by trained professionals during maintenance activities

Operational stage ------ INGRID Power Holdings, Inc.


The People Road/public safety


• Ensure that construction is isolated from the public by installing barricades




3-8


POTENTIAL IMPACT



ESTIMATED COST

RESPONSIBLE ENTITY

GUARANTEES

Effect of operations on local economy

The People Increased tax revenue

• Proper registration, tax contribution, land registration and other laws/ordinances shall be followed


Tax collection certificate

Increased employment opportunities

• Priority in hiring of personnel shall be given to residents in the impact areas (host LGUs)


Municipal / Brgy. Development Plan / MOA

Fuel deliveries to site

The People Traffic congestiion

• Develop a traffic management plan together with the Municiapality of Pililla

• Provide parking spaces within project site




Solid and liquid waste produced during construction



• Regular transport of construction debris and other solid waste in the approved designated area by the DENR

During construction



DECOMMISSIONING/ABANDONMENT PHASE

Pull-out of equipment

The Air Generation of air emissions and nose

• Regular maintenance of heavy equipment

• Perform decommissioning during daytime

Decommissioning/ Abandonment



EMP

The Land/ The Water

Possible oil spills

• Implement plans for proper decommissioning/ pull-out of engines



EMP


3-9


POTENTIAL IMPACT



ESTIMATED COST

RESPONSIBLE ENTITY

GUARANTEES

Decommissioning of fuel storage

The Land/ The Water

Possible oil spills

• Implement plans for proper decommissioning fuel storage tanks



EMP

Abandonment of container vans

The People Abandonment of facilities

• Possible donation to LGU Decommissioning/ Abandonment


EMP

Termination of employment

The People Loss of employment

• Provide 6 months’ notice of impending termination of employment

• Provide compensation to affected personnel

• Provide training of personnel in preparation for other jobs

Prior to decommissioning/ abandonment

To be determined


EMP


3-10

3.1 CONSTRUCTION ENVIRONMENTAL PROGRAM

During the construction phase of the Project, the designated contractor for the Project shall implement and be responsible for its environmental program, under the supervision of INGRID Power Holdings, Inc. The designated contractor will be required to implement the EMP, in accordance to the ECC conditions.

The implementation of the Construction Environmental Program shall be part for the scope of work of INGRID Power Holdings, Inc. in accordance with the conditions stipulated in the ECC. It shall include specific actions and measures such as:

• Provision of temporary lodging and sanitation amenities for workers, and liquid and solid waste handling/disposal facilities;

• Avoidance of unnecessary earth-movement;

• Worker and project site safety programs, including emergency response plans;

• Proper storage and disposal of hazardous wastes (i.e., used oils, etc.);

• Reduction/elimination of pollution sources; and

• Proper demobilization procedures (i.e., clean-up of construction sites, replacement/re-planting of removed trees).

3.2 SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT

Solid wastes will inevitably be generated during the Construction and Operations phases of the project. To address this concern, INGRID Power Holdings, Inc. will adopt a solid waste management program (SWMP), which will target to reduce the solid waste generation during the different phases of its development. This program shall aim to decrease the amount of operational costs as a result of handling, storage, and disposal of solid wastes. To realize these targets, the proposed project will incorporate the following details to enhance its SWMP:

• Implementation of waste segregation (biodegradable and non-biodegradable) policy for all construction and operations personnel;

• Provision of solid waste handling and storage facilities, such as dumpsters, trash cans in common areas and strategic locations in the facility;

• The biodegradable wastes, such as discarded kitchen wastes and yard trimmings shall be composted;

• Implement a paper usage reduction program in the administration office by re-using paper for other similar purposes;

• The recyclable wastes, such as paper, plastics, and metals, shall be sorted accordingly and sold to waste service providers; and

• The residual and other general solid wastes shall be disposed in their appropriate bins and in accordance with the local solid waste collection schedule.

3.3 HAZARDOUS WASTE MANAGEMENT

For Hazardous Waste Management, the procedure aims to provide information on the proper handling of hazardous waste in compliance with RA 6969 or the Toxic Substances and Nuclear


3-11

Waste Control Act of 1990. The main hazardous waste that may be produced by the operation is oil from maintenance activities of the engines.

It covers the generation, segregation, labeling, collection, storage, transport, treatment, and final disposal of the hazardous wastes. Hazardous waste includes laboratory expired chemicals, waste chemicals under classification specified in DAO 2013-22, empty chemical containers, chemical contaminated rags, papers, and PPE that have been used in the facility. It also consists of Used Lead Acid Batteries (ULABs), Busted Fluorescent Lamps (BFL), and damaged containers previously containing chemicals that are or may be generated in the maintenance areas/processes. Grease from the kitchen/dining facility and Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment (WEEE) that may be produced are also included. Pathological, pathogenic, and contagious wastes, including tools from the clinic and all other hazardous wastes specified under DAO 2013-22, is included in hazardous waste.

Properly trained environment, health, and safety (EHS) personnel shall collect the hazardous waste duly acknowledged by the pollution control officer (PCO). Waste containers should not be more than 80% full and must be turned over regularly to maintain chemical stability and container integrity. Large quantities of chemical waste should not be accumulated so that it does not become a hazard. Waste generators are responsible for putting chemical wastes out for collection at designated areas.

The PCO should ensure appropriateness of the labeling and segregation of hazardous waste at the Hazardous Waste Storage Area and accumulated hazardous waste shall be stored for not more than a year. Proper arrangement shall be made with a hazardous waste TSD Facility (Treatment, Storage, and Disposal) in a timely manner.

INGRID Power Holdings, Inc. must obtain the service of a DENR-accredited TSD facility. The PCO must conduct an audit prior to entering a contract with the TSD facility to verify its credibility and environmentally sound practices.

Annual audits will be done moving forward to ensure that the TSD facility adheres to the requirements of DAO 2013-22. In cases where the TSD facility is issued a Notice of Violation (NOV) or a Cease and Desist Order (CDO), the contract shall be immediately terminated and shall undergo appropriate qualification again.

All personnel directly handling hazardous waste shall be trained/oriented on procedures. Topics shall include: waste identification (types and characteristics), hazards and risks in handling hazardous wastes, labeling and placarding, proper storage, waste minimization, types of potential emergencies arising from wastes handling, storage and treatment disposal, Spill Management Plan, personal protective equipment (PPE), laws and regulations concerning hazardous waste management, and monitoring requirements.

3.4 OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY

INGRID Power Holdings, Inc. shall have an occupational health and safety policy that will be implemented in all the project phases. This policy will undergo continuous improvement to adapt to the existing conditions. Occupational health and safety policy is necessary since it will not just reduce the likelihood of injuries/fatalities that may affect its personnel, but also protect valuable equipment and properties against damages.


3-12

The following details are basic guidelines that INGRID Power Holdings, Inc. will be applying for the Project:

• All management, technical, and non-technical personnel shall undergo specialized training courses to familiarize themselves to the operations and maintenance of the Project’s various facilities;

• Emergency response plan shall be updated regularly, and emergency drills shall be performed regularly to improve personnel’s response technique and time;

• Audits shall be conducted by the management and personnel, with possible assistance from various safety consultants;

• Personnel shall undergo scheduled annual health check-ups;

• Safety signage, adequate illumination, anti-skid steps and guard rails, fire extinguishers, first-aid kits, and other safety features shall be established throughout the Project’s facilities; and

• Personal protective equipment (PPE), which includes safety boots, hard hats, gloves, safety goggles (in some instances) shall be mandatory for construction workers (during Constructions phase) and personnel (during Operations phase) working on the Project.

3.5 AIR EMISSIONS TREATMENT

Air emissions will come from the construction and operation activities. To reduce the air emissions associated with the Project, the Proponent will employ some strategies including:

• Regular maintenance of engines to ensure efficient combustion of diesel fuel (includes emissions sampling);

• Installation of pollution control devices to lessen NOx emissions;

• Reminding of delivery trucks/visitors not to leave parked vehicles on long periods of idling; and

• Regular maintenance of equipment and vehicles.

3.6 VEHICULAR TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT

The Project will be established in the old Shell Lube Oil Refinery complex in Brgy. Mala, Pililla, Rizal and can be accessed through the Pililla – Jalajala – Pakil Road.

Traffic impact along the said road is expected due to the entry and exit of heavy equipment vehicles to and from the project site during the Construction Phase and of fuel delivery trucks during the Operational Phase. To mitigate the said impact, the designated INGRID commits to develop a traffic management plan with the contractor and the LGU of Pililla.

The following measures shall be included in the plan:

• Coordination with LGU of Pililla;

• Lane designation and speed limit;

• Regulation of truck deployment;

• Provision of safety barriers, warning signs and lights, traffic marshals within the vicinity of project sites, and adequate parking spaces;


3-13

• All deliveries of construction materials and heavy equipment, either inbound or outbound of the facility may be done during off-peak hours and at designated delivery hubs located near the Project area to prevent blockage of traffic flow along public roads; and

• Assistance of security personnel in directing traffic of vehicles coming in and out of the facility.

3.7 OIL SPILL MANAGEMENT

3.7.1 Oil Spill Risks

The following are places where oil spills are likely to occur, as well as the activities and risks.

Table 3-2: Risk Areas and Activities

RISK AREAS ACTIVITIES AND RISKS

Fuel unloading area Unloading of fuel from tanker to fuel farm

Fuel farm area

Pipeline from fuel farm area to generators Transfer of fuel from fuel farm area to generators

Oily wastewater treatment system Malfunction of oily wastewater treatment system

3.7.2 Equipment, Supplies, and Manpower

The facility must have the following equipment/supplies:

• Oil pumps/hoses

• Oil absorbent materials

• Containers for clean oil

• Containers for oil-soaked materials, waste, and oiled debris

• Forklifts, bulldozers

• Pails and cans

Manpower from INGRID must also be available to respond in the event of an oil spill.

3.7.3 Oil Spill Contingency Actions

In an event of an oil spill, the immediate response procedure must be observed. Responsible parties shall ensure the safety of workers and the public, making the facility safe from ignition, preventing further release of oil, notifying the authorities, limiting the spread of oil, recovering spilled oil, and mobilization of additional resources in case of larger spills.

At the same time the parties responsible should prioritize the monitoring of the spill, containment and recovery of the spilled oil, protection of the shorelines and other sensitive natural, cultural and economic areas, and assessment of the required level of response. It is essential to consider first the effect of dispersant before the actual usage. The response in the event of an oil spill varies depending on the size and the location of the spill indicated in the table below. Figure 3-1 shows the schematic diagram for the oil spill response plan.

Initial Procedures


3-14

Any plant employee observing any spill of any quantity must immediately notify the environmental health & safety office. Upon confirmation of the spill, the seriousness of the spill, as well as its cause and basic nature shall be determined. The following information on the spill must be noted:

• Tiae and date the spill occurred or was first observed,

• Type of oil spilled,

• Estimated amount spilled or release rate if continuing,

• Descrition of area likely to be affected,

• Where spill occurred and direction, as well as present location if moving,

• Cause of spill,

• Partial of temporary actions being taken to combat spill,

• Weather

Oil Spill Containment and Recovery Procedures

The following procedures must be followed to contain the spill:

• Stop oil transfer operations on the affected area or system,

• Isolate the oil spillage by closing the valves on the affected area or system,

• Stop immediately the oil spill or control the oil spill of continuing,

• Scout the fuel storage wall for any leakage and seal off, if there is any,

• Identify all immediate response priorities according to prevailing meteorological condition (weather, wind speed, and direction) to be projected,

• Place the oil pump on oil concentration to recover clean oil, if possible, and eventually dirty oil,

• Place all containers for clean oil, dirty oil, and oil soaked materials in a strategic location for easy access and transport.

Final Clean-Up and Waste Disposal Procedure

The following are procedures for final clean up and disposal of waste:

• Use pails and cans to remove the remaining oil that cannot be pumped out,

• Transfer clean oil to the buffer tank or storage tank,

• Transfer dirty oil or sludge to the sludge tank or any temporary container for disposal,


3-15

• Remove the contaminated soil and place in separate containers and transfer to designated landfill,

• Use sorbent materials, brooms, and rakes on oil difficult that is to remove for final clean up,

• Place oil soaked materials, waste, and oiled debris in designated landfill or incinerate.

After the cleanup operation the incident should be investigated thoroughly to prevent future spills and to maximize the efficiency of the succeeding cleanup operation. Any after-effects should also be dealt with. This includes compensation and health and safety issues. Waste from the cleanup should be managed accordingly to prevent contamination.

Figure 3-1: Oil Spill Response Plan

FIGURE NO.:

3-1

FIGURE TITLE:

Oil Spill Response Plan PROJECT PROPONENT:



INGRID PILILLA 150-MW DIESEL POWER PLANT PROJECT

Brgy. Malaya, Pililla, Rizal

REPORT PREPARER:


Incident

Reporting

Incident Assessment

Immediate Response

Clean-up Operations

Response Termination

Mobilization

INGRID POWER HOLDINGS, INC. ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT INGRID PILILLA 150-MW DIESEL POWER PLANT PROJECT SECTION 4 Pililla, Rizal ERA & EMERGENCY RESPONSE POLICY AND GUIDELINES

4-1

SECTION 4

4.0 ENVIRONMENTAL RISK ASSESSMENT & EMERGENCY RESPONSE

POLICY AND GUIDELINES

4.1 METHODOLOGY

The general guidelines and outline for an Environmental Risk Assessment (ERA) preparation are prescribed in Annex 2-7e of DAO 2003-30. However, the guidelines focused more on the risks and hazards posed by activities and/or manufacturing methods that involve chemical storage, processing, and use. Although this is applicable for the proposed Project, this shall only form part of the overall ERA. Major environmental risks identified were the geological hazards posed on the proposed Project.

4.2 RISK SCREENING LEVEL

A risk screening level exercise refers to specific facilities or the use of certain processes that has the potential to pose significant risks to people and its surrounding environment. The Plant is covered by the risk screening level exercise, as indicated in Table 4-1.

Table 4-1: Risk Screening Matrix

ACTIVITIES REQUIRING RISK SCREENING EXERCISE* ERA APPLICABILITY TO THE PROJECT

1) Facilities for the production or processing of organic/inorganic chemicals using:

Alkylation Esterification Polymerization Distillation Amination Halogenation Sulphonation Extraction Carbonylation Hydrogenation Desulphurization Solvation Condenstation Hydrolysis Nitration Pesticides &

pharmaceutical prod.

Dehydrogenation Oxidation Phosphorus prod.

Not Applicable

2) Installations for distillation, refining, and other processing of petroleum products

Not Applicable

3) Installations for total or partial disposal of solid or liquid substances by incineration or chemical decomposition

Not Applicable

4) Installations for the production or processing of energy gases (e.g., LPG, LNG, SNG.)

Not Applicable

5) Installations for the dry distillation of coal or lignite Not Applicable

6) Installations for the production of metals and non-metals by wet process or electrical energy

Not Applicable

7) Installations for the loading and unloading of hazardous materials as defined by RA 6969 (or DAO 1992-29)

Applicable

CONCLUSION Risk screening level exercise is applicable.

NOTE: (*) Based on Annex 2-7e of DAO 2003-30 Revised Procedural Manual


4-2

4.3 RISK IDENTIFICATION AND ANALYSIS

The proposed Project entails risks that are natural, man-made, or a combination of both. Natural risks are hazards caused by phenomena such as earthquakes, geological instability (e.g., sink holes, landslides), and typhoons. Meanwhile, man-made risks are caused by accidents such as fires, structural/equipment failure, spillages, and human error. Man-made risks could also be aggravated as a direct consequence of natural risks.

4.3.1 Natural Hazards

4.3.1.1 Seismicity

Intense or strong seismic activities may cause damage to the power plant infrastructures. The construction and operational phase of the proposed project should then factor the potential for earthquake induced risks.

4.3.1.2 Typhoons

The mean annual number of typhoons that pass through the Philippine Area of Responsibility (PAR) is about 20, of which around 9.2 cross the country. If a typhoon directly hits the plant facilities, it could possibly bring extensive wind and rain hazards (i.e. strong wave currents and flooding). Regular weather monitoring should be done so that proper power plant safety protocols can be done factoring as well the transportation of diesel fuel.

4.3.1.3 Flooding

The proposed project area is not prone to flooding. However, heavy rains may occur in times of extreme precipitation volume and intensity. During heavy rains, flooding may occur which may affect the power plant operations. Emergency responses must be considered for possible occurrences.

4.3.2 Man-Made Hazards

4.3.2.1 Occupational Accidents

The project involves a variety of equipment and facilities which may possibly injure personnel and/or damage property if handled/operated improperly. These risks can be greatly reduced with scheduled maintenance checks. Also, personnel handling such equipment and operating the facilities will be properly trained and supervised and re-trained periodically.

4.3.2.2 Accidental Spills (e.g. fuel, engine lubrication oil, coolant)

Oil spillage that may come from engine maintenance or storage failure may be caused by several reasons such as faulty operational procedures, pipe deterioration, sabotage, and force majeure. It may result to anaerobic conditions since large spills may form a film on water surfaces impairing oxygen transfer. This scenario may be harmful to aquatic organisms. The fuel may be decomposed by micro-organisms, but degradation is selective and can result in sediment becoming enriched with aromatic hydrocarbons. Proper oil spill protocols should then be observed should this happen.


4-3

4.3.3 Air Pollutants Hazards

Considering the nature of the project, exposure to pollutants associated with thermal power plants may lead to potential health effects and other hazards. Continuous monitoring of stack emissions, regular maintenance of equipment and other air mitigating measures should be strictly done to avoid these risks. Potential air pollutants associated with diesel power plants include sulfur oxides, nitrogen oxides, particulate matter, and carbon dioxide.

4.3.3.1 Sulfur Oxides

Sulfur oxides (SOx) are compounds of sulfur and oxygen molecules. Sulfur dioxide (SO2) is the major form found in the lower atmosphere. It is a heavy colorless gas with a characteristic suffocating odor.

Natural sources of SO2 include volcanoes. SO2 also result from the combustion of sulfur-containing fuels or by roasting metal sulfide ores. Thermal power plants heating oil are considered the main sources of anthropogenic SO2

emissions worldwide.

Exposure to SO2 emissions may cause respiratory problems. SO2 is also a strong irritant to the eyes,

nose, and throat. Groups at risk are children, the elderly, and those already suffering from respiratory ailments such as asthmatics. Effects of sulfur dioxide exposure is presented in below.

Table 4-2: Effects of SO2 Exposure

CONCENTRATION, ppm PHYSIOLOGICAL EFFECT

0.3 to 1 Detectable by taste rather than by odor.

3 to 5 Detectable odor

10 Maximum concentration allowable for prolonged exposure

20 Least amount causing coughing and irritation of eyes

50 Irritation to eyes, lungs, throat

50 to 100 Maximum concentration for short exposure (30 to 60 minutes)

150 Maybe endured for several minutes. Extremely disagreeable.

400 to 500 Life threatening SOURCE: http://www.dep.state.pa.us

4.3.3.2 Nitrogen Oxides

Nitrogen oxides (NOx) are a mixture of gases made up of nitrogen and oxygen. Nitric oxide (NO) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) are the most toxicologically significant forms. Both are nonflammable; at room temperature, nitric oxide is a sharp sweet-smelling gas while nitrogen dioxide is a liquid with strong, harsh odor.

Nitrogen oxide in combination with ultraviolet light from the sun, reactive hydrocarbons, atmospheric oxygen, and water vapor, produces nitric acid (HNO3), which is a major constituent of acid rain. NO2 also reacts with sunlight, which leads to the formation ozone and smog conditions in the air.

Nitrogen oxide emissions come from the exhaust of motor vehicles, the burning of coal, oil, or natural gas, and during processes such as arc welding, electroplating, engraving, and dynamite blasting and nitration reactions such as in the production of nitro-explosives, including gun-cotton, dynamite and TNT.


4-4

Low levels of ambient NOx can cause respiratory disorders, irritate eyes, nose, and throat, and possibly cause cough, shortness of breath, tiredness, and nausea. Acute exposures to NOx can cause rapid burning, spasms, and swelling of tissues in the throat and upper respiratory tract, reduced oxygenation of body tissues, build-up of fluids in the lungs, and death. Children exposed to the same levels of nitrogen oxides as adults may receive larger doses because they have greater lung surface area to body weight ratios and increased minute volumes to weight ratios.

Table 4-3: Effects of NO2 Exposure

CONCENTRATION, ppm PHYSIOLOGICAL EFFECT

1 to 13 Irritation of nose and throat

10 to 20 Mild irritation of eyes, nose and upper respiratory tract

80 Tightness in chest after 3 to 5 minutes

90 Pulmonary edema after 30 minutes

SOURCE: http://www.dep.state.pa.us

4.3.3.3 Particulate Matter

Particle matter (PM) is the term for a mixture of solid particles and liquid droplets found in the air. Airborne particulate matter varies in size and may be in different chemical constituents. Airborne particles can range in size from a few nanometers (nm) to around 100 micrometers (µm) in diameter. PM10 is the concentration of particles that are less than or equal to 10 μm in diameter; similarly PM2.5 describes the concentration of particles that are less than or equal to 2.5 μm in diameter.

Particulate matter comes from a variety of sources and contains primary components, which are emitted directly into the atmosphere, and secondary components, which are formed within the atmosphere because of chemical reactions. Primary sources include combustion sources (road vehicles and power stations), mechanical processes (e.g. quarrying and agricultural harvesting), and natural processes (e.g. entrainment of soil by the wind and generation of marine aerosol particles). Secondary particles form in the atmosphere because of chemical reactions that lead to the formation of substances of low volatility, which consequently condense into the solid or liquid phase, thereby becoming particles. The formation of secondary particulate matter takes hours or days and the air containing the pollution can travel long distances.

The “coarse particles” (such as those found near roadways and dusty industries) with diameters between 2.5 and 10 micrometers and “fine particles” (such as those found in smoke and haze) that are 2.5 micrometers in diameter or less are of concern due to their effect on human health. Both short and long-term exposure to these can cause increased respiratory symptoms (e.g., irritation of the airways, coughing, or difficulty breathing); decreased lung function; aggravated asthma; development of chronic bronchitis; irregular heartbeat; nonfatal heart attacks; and premature death in people with heart or lung disease.

The most serious health problems occur among susceptible groups with pre-existing lung or heart disease and the elderly and children. However, even healthy individuals may experience temporary symptoms from exposure to elevated levels of particle pollution.

4.3.3.4 Carbon Monoxide

Carbon monoxide (CO) is tasteless, odorless, and colorless. It is also poisonous at high concenrations. CO is the product of inefficient burning of materials containing carbon, such as diesel oil.


4-5

Carbon monoxide causes harm to human health since it can displace oxygen from blood, causing oxygen deprivation in major organs such as the heart and brain. Some symptoms of CO poisoning may include chest tightness, headache, fatigue, dizziness, drowsiness, and nausea.

4.3.4 Flammable Substances

Diesel oil will be stored in the power plant complex. This product is a fire hazard. In the case of fire, the maximum effect distance is calculated in terms of thermal heat radiated from the incident. Additionally, diesel oil may also contaminate the soil and eventually the nearby water bodies in the case of leak or spill.

4.3.5 Water Pollutants

Diesel fuel is a light, refined petroleum product with a relatively narrow boiling range, meaning that, when spilled on water, most of the oil will evaporate or naturally disperse within a few days or less. When spilled on water, diesel oil spreads very quickly to a thin film.

4.4 IDENTIFICATION OF POTENTIAL EMERGENCIES

Emergencies are unforeseen events or episodes that are caused by natural forces and circumstances that may result to negative effects to people, property, and the surrounding environment. As a preliminary step in developing an effective emergency response policy, it is important to identify the potential emergency scenarios that would most likely occur. Table 4-4 lists the most probable emergencies that could happen in future operation of the Project.

Emergency situations may also require different levels of classification and response procedures, depending on the degree of situations. These levels will be referred to as: 1) Incident; 2) Emergency; and 3) Crisis.

Incident situations present minor events that may require partial or total mobilization of the proposed Project’s resources to effectively deal with an accident. An episode may present very minimal injuries and/or partial damages to property.

Emergency situations require the utilization of all resources, with the assistance of local emergency responders, and additional resources from INGRID Power Holdings, Inc. main office. This episode may present serious injuries and some fatalities and could result to severe or total damage to the property.

Crisis situations are the worst conditions, which require the utilization of full resources, and possibly, assistance from the national government to address the event. An episode may present multiple fatalities, destruction of facilities, and severe/total damage to the surrounding community.


4-6

Table 4-4: Emergency Scenarios for the Project

TYPE OF EMERGENCY SITUATION

POSSIBLE CAUSES POTENTIAL EFFECTS

Fire • Electrical short-circuits, overloading of equipment

• Accidental ignition of combustible materials

• Partial or total loss of equipment and property

• Injuries and fatalities to personnel

Earthquakes • Movement/rupture of nearby fault lines

• Volcanic eruption

• Failure of concrete structures (i.e. collapse, dam breach, etc.)

• Injuries and fatalities to personnel and downstream communities

Release of toxic substances

• Equipment malfunction

• Accidental spillage

• Man-made errors

• Health hazards to the employees, workers and nearby communities

• Degradation of affected parameter (i.e. contamination of soil and water)

Occupational safety accidents

• Improper training and supervision of personnel

• Equipment and facility failure

• Lack of full understanding regarding the surrounding environment

• Injuries and fatalities to personnel

• Partial and total loss of equipment

4.5 EMERGENCY PLAN

The Emergency Plan is a management structure that is intended as a guide for the personnel during emergency situations. This structure may or may not be similar to the existing organizational/management hierarchy of the Project, although comparison on roles and responsibilities can be used as reference.

The implementation of the Emergency Plan is a standard practice that is currently being integrated as part of company policies. Its objective is to establish an orderly and systematic approach in addressing an emergency, and in turn, decrease further injuries/fatalities and loss of property.

Forming the Emergency Plan requires the Proponent to select among the different skills and knowledge of its personnel at the Project. The selection process will involve background checks, training and skills learning, and voluntary application of selected personnel. The proposed project will follow the schematic diagram and procedures presented in Figure 4-1 and Table 4-5. The roles and responsibilities of each personnel involved in the Emergency Plan are listed in Table 4-6.

The designation of the personnel and their corresponding responsibilities may be changed during different types of emergency scenarios that were previously identified in this section. Therefore, if such case will exist, INGRID Power Holdings, Inc. will train and designate personnel appropriately to deal with each type of emergency.


4-7

Figure 4-1: Emergency Response Plan

• PREPARATION - development of actual plans should an emergency happen and elimination or avoidance of hazards from happening or occurring

• RESPONSE - execution of the plans and procedures during an actual emergency plan

• RECOVERY - retrieval of important assets and restoration of the site prior to the emergency

FIGURE NO.:

4-1

FIGURE TITLE:

Emergency Response Plan PROJECT PROPONENT:



INGRID PILILLA 150-MW DIESEL POWER PLANT PROJECT

Brgy. Malaya, Pililla, Rizal

REPORT PREPARER:


Table 4-5: Emergency Response Procedures for Different Scenarios

PREPARATION RESPONSE RECOVERY

A. Fire

• Orientation and training of personnel on fire safety

• Conduct of regular fire drills

• Installation and regular testing of firefighting devices (i.e. fire hoses, fire extinguishers, smoke detectors, sprinkler system)

• Regular inspection of electrical equipment and lines for any defect or malfunction, and replacement, as necessary

• Securing of all flammable items in proper containers and storage facilities

• Strict implementation of “No Smoking” policy in plant facilities

• Notice for personnel to keep calm and alert to prevent further injuries; to follow emergency evacuation procedures; and to report immediately any presence of smoke, spark, or open flame to authorized personnel

• Immediate use of fire extinguishers, only if the fire can still be contained

• Disconnection of electrical or fuel connections and shutdown of all affected equipment

• Removal of all flammable materials from the fire scene to avoid further contact, if possible

• Prohibition of returning to the fire scene, as long as necessary, unless declared for safe entry

• Checking for personnel that may be trapped, injured, or needs further assistance

• Reporting of any important incident that require immediate attention

• Securing of important items and equipment from unauthorized access from outsiders, after the building is declared safe for re-entry

• If fire damage is minimal, or if facility is recoverable, implementation of necessary corrective measures to

PREPARATION

RESPONSE RECOVERY


4-8


• Placement of emergency numbers and communication equipment in conspicuous areas for easier notification

• Designation of emergency exits (free from obstruction) and evacuation procedures

• Regular maintenance of plant equipment

• Wearing of proper fire protection attire (i.e. fire suit, boots, breathing apparatus) by responders

• Prohibition of using or pouring of water over fuel or alcohol fires, and electrical fires

prevent the accident from re-occurring

B. Earthquakes

• Conduct of necessary preparations, including equipment and facility checks, to prevent injuries in an event of an earthquake

• Securing of all loose items to prevent falling

• Placement of heavy materials near the ground

• Storage of flammable items in designated safe areas

• Orientation of personnel on safe locations, emergency response equipment, and evacuation routes

• Notice for personnel to keep calm and alert to prevent further injuries; to protect themselves by getting under sturdy structures and stay away from sharp, flammable, or heavy items; and to prepare for immediate evacuation of the facility, if necessary

• Shutdown of all gas and electric equipment

• If there are no threats of aftershocks, checking for personnel that may be trapped, injured, or needs further assistance

• Prohibition of returning to the facility if it is deemed structurally unstable, or declared unsafe

• Thorough inspection of the facility premises for any unusual crack/gap in the ground or walls

• Checking for possible fires and advise authorities for appropriate response


• Inspection of the facility for any major structural defect, crack, unstable item, and other potential hazards

• If earthquake damage is minimal or facility is recoverable, implementation of corrective measures to prevent the further hazards from affecting personnel and property

C. Release of Toxic Substances (e.g. fuel)

• Regular visual inspection for potential leaks and corrosion

• Inspection of facilities, containers, and equipment for any sign of leaks or spills

• Notice for personnel to report the occurrence immediately to supervisor; to follow strictly instructions of supervisor in charge of cleaning operations

• Ceasing of operations in the area affected by spillage and stop appropriate source

• Stop vehicles’ engines in the affected area

• Immediate clean-up of all spills using proper conditions, including stoppage and containment of spill or leak

• Implementation of measures to prevent re-occurrence of the incident


4-9


• Ceasing of operations or any movement until clearance is given

D. Occupational Hazards

• Provision of basic PPEs.

• Formation of an emergency response team for each department

• Provision of first-aid kits and emergency equipment on critical workstations

• Training of personnel on proper equipment handling and other safety practices

• Posting of safety reminders on workstations

• Provision of safety features, such as adequate lighting, guide rails, and safety signage

• Immediate reporting of any accident, especially those considered life-threatening

• Immediate application of first-aid

• Removal of affected personnel from the accident site

• Bringing of affected personnel to the nearest first aid station or hospital if necessary

• Performing of corrective measures on equipment and procedures

• Provision of additional safety procedures, equipment, and training

E. Flooding

• Securing of all loose items (i.e. lamp post, roofs, loose planks, and other light materials) by adding extra guy wires or reinforcing materials

• Removal of obstructions to the drainage system

• In case of storm warning from PAGASA, monitoring of important weather forecast/ parameters, such as path and intensity of the storm

• Notice for personnel to avoid staying outdoors; to stay away from items that may be blown away by strong winds and from electrical mains

• Continuous monitoring of the weather conditions

• Shutdown of all gas and electric equipment

• Inspection of facility for any major structural defect, crack, unstable item, and other potential hazards

• Repair of broken power lines, fuel lines, and other utilities, if necessary



4-10

Table 4-6: Roles and Responsibilities in the Emergency Plan

EMERGENCY RESPONSE PERSONNEL ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES

Incident Commander • Overall in-charge of operations during an event of an emergency

• Gives direction and orders to the response teams in managing the emergency

Safety Officer • Supervises the daily safety performance of operations and maintenance procedures, including emergency response procedures

Liaison Officer • Secures the necessary permits and training certification for the personnel

Public Information Officer • Performs communication duties in behalf of INGRID Power Holdings, Inc. to the media, government officials, and the local population

• Issues relevant warnings and advisories to concerned authorities

Operations Team • Performs the actual response, rescue, and retrieval of personnel and equipment during an event of an emergency

Planning/Intelligence Team • Devices programs and policies for proper response procedures

• Informs the operations team regarding the nature and type of response procedure for the Operations Team

• Identifies potential hazards and performs recommendations to authorities

Logistics Team • Provides the necessary supplies and equipment for the Operations Team

• Provides additional support/assistance to the Operations Team

Finance and Administration Team • Provides the assessment of expenses and allocates the necessary financial resources for the other Teams

• Performs the disbursement of claims and compensation for affected personnel, property and the community

4.6 SAFETY AND HEALTH PROGRAM

INGRID Power Holdings, Inc. gives priority on the safety of its employees and their working environment. It developed this program for accident and injury prevention through the implementation of plant rules and guidelines that shall involve management, supervisors, and employees in identifying and eliminating hazards that may develop during work process.

4.6.1 Leadership and Administration

The management will spearhead in the formation of a safety committee, develop a system for identifying/correcting hazards, prepare for foreseeable emergencies, provide appropriate trainings, and establish a disciplinary policy to ensure strict compliance.

4.6.1.1 Company Safety Policy

It is basic policy that no task is so important that an employee must take a risk of injury/illness or violate a safety rule. Active involvement in safety practices is then encouraged to make the area a safe place to work.


4-11

It is the daily duty of every employee to be cautious of unsafe conditions. In addition to this, supervisors or accountable managers are responsible in overseeing the actions of employees and to take prompt action in eliminating unsafe practices and hazards in the workplace.

4.6.2 Accident/Incident Investigation Reporting

It is very advantageous for every employee to be prepared for any emergency to prevent further injury, property damage, and loss of limb or even life. An emergency preparedness plan must then be prepared and strictly implemented.

4.6.2.1 Accident/Incident Investigation Reporting

Prevention of accidents by eliminating potential threats/hazards and anticipating other probable causes is an effective way of creating a safe and healthy environment.

• Emergency Response Program

The emergency response program shall be implemented by an emergency response team composed of equipped and trained personnel who will be tasked to handle and manage the program, assist other employees to safety, and to prevent any damage or injury. Proper training and orientation of concerned team members will be accorded to prepare them in responding appropriately in any emergency they may encounter.

• Personal Protective Equipment

The personal protective equipment (PPE) is a set of safety gear worn by personnel that is designed to provide sufficient safeguard against occupational-related illnesses and to prevent life-threatening injuries.

PPE, such as safety hats, safety shoes, gloves, dust mask, and ear plugs, will be provided as necessary. This is to ensure safe and protected personnel working in safe working environment. INGRID Power Holdings, Inc. will make the usage of PPE a mandatory policy for personnel working inside the Project premises. Guests and visitors will also be required to wear PPE as necessary.

4.6.2.2 Incident Response Procedure

Any accident, injury, or work-related illness should be reported and investigated on immediately so as to determine the appropriate action to be conducted.

• Recording and Review

It is mandatory that employees are to report any injury or work-related illness to their immediate supervisor regardless of how serious. Minor injuries, such as cuts and scrapes, can be entered on the first-aid only log. More serious injuries are to be reported and recorded properly for future review.

• Incident Investigation

It is imperative that an incident scene should not be disturbed except to aid in rescue or make the scene from further incidence. In case of an incident resulting in death or serious injuries, a preliminary investigation will be conducted by the immediate supervisor of the injured person(s),


4-12

a person designated by management, an employee representative of the safety committee, and any other person whose expertise would help the investigation.

The investigating team will obtain written statements from witness, photograph the incident scene and machines/equipment involved. The said team will also document, as soon as possible after the incident, the condition of equipment and anything that may be relevant in the work area. A written “Incident Investigation Report” is necessary. The report should include a sequence of events leading up to the incident, conclusions derived from the incident and any recommendation to prevent a similar incident in the future.

• Damage Control

Damage cost because of accident, in reality, is unquantifiable, especially when damage to life and limb is involved. Cost of properties, structure, and equipment including its effect on existing productivity is quantifiable.

Any employee may be subject to on-the-spot termination when a safety violation places the employee or co-workers at risk of permanent disability or death.

INGRID POWER HOLDINGS, INC. ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT INGRID PILILLA 150-MW DIESEL POWER PLANT PROJECT SECTION 5 Pililla, Rizal SDP AND IEC FRAMEWORK

5-1

SECTION 5

5.0 SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT PLAN AND IEC FRAMEWORK

The following project stakeholders have been identified based on the stakeholder groups indicated in Section 5 of DAO 2017-15:

• LGUs in areas where all project facilities are proposed to be constructed/situated and where all operations are proposed to be undertaken (a)

o Municipal LGU of Pililla, Rizal (host municipality) o Brgy. Malaya, Pililla (host barangay) o Municipal LGU of Jalajala, Rizal (adjacent municipality) o Brgy. Niogan, Pililla and Brgy. Sipsipin, Jalajala (adjacent barangays)

• Government agencies with related mandate on the type of project and its impacts (b) o DENR Region IV-A CALABARZON o DENR EMB Region IV-A CALABARZON o Rizal Provincial Environment and Natural Resources Office (PENRO) o Laguna Lake Development Authority (LLDA) o National Grid Corporation of the Philippines (NGCP) o Power Sector Assets and Liabilities Management (PSALM) Corporation

• Interest groups, preferably those with mission/s specifically related to the type and impacts of the proposed undertaking (c)

o Malaya Irrigators and Farmers Association o Samahang Mandaragat sa Malaya o Malaya Jeepney Operators and Drivers Association, Inc. o BMP Tricycle Operators and Drivers Association o Malaya Overseas Filipino Workers (OFWs) Association

• Local institutions (f) o Malaya Elementary School o Pililla Parish Pastoral Council

No “households, business activities, industries that will be displaced” (d) and “people whose socio-economic welfare and cultural heritage are projected to be affected by the project especially vulnerable sectors and indigenous populations” (e) have been identified for the project.

Other stakeholders for the proposed project include the local peace-and-order councils (i.e., PNP, Brgy. Police) and concerned non-government organizations (NGOs).


5-2

5.1 SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT PROGRAM

An indicative community-based Social Development Plan (SDP), as presented in Table 5-1, will be developed by INGRID Power Holdings, Inc. through a series of consultation with various stakeholder representatives in the project impact area.

The objectives of the SDP include the following:

• Identify the basic needs and welfare of the host community as basis for the framework of social development program of the Project;

• Prepare an indicative sustainable plan based on the Barangay Development Plans and the mandated support of INGRID Power Holdings, Inc.; and

• Establish a working relation with INGRID Power Holdings, Inc. and the various community stakeholders with the goal of improving the quality of life of the project-affected communities by instilling self-reliance.

The community-based consultation and survey during the development of the SDP also provides an opportunity for identifying the following:

• Addressing key issues and concerns by the various stakeholders;

• Identifying and designing the recommend measures in response to the issues and concerns that were raised;

• Identifying the lead agency or organization responsible in implementing the measures; and

• Setting of timelines in implementing these measures consistent with the plans and programs of the lead agencies.


5-3

Table 5-1: Matrix of Social Development Plan

CONCERN PROGRAM/PROJECT/ACTIVITY RESPONSIBLE COMMUNITY MEMBER/ BENEFICIARY

GOVERNMENT AGENCY/NON-GOVERNMENT AGENCY AND SERVICES

PROPONENT INDICATIVE TIMELINE

SOURCE OF FUND

Livelihood and Employment

On-the-Job Training (OJT) Program Brgy. Kagawad for Education Bonafide students of academic institutions in Malaya and nearby barangays

CHEd Region IV-A Pililla LGU Brgy. Malaya LGU Nearby barangay LGUs


Operation INGRID Power Holdings, Inc.

Handicraft skills training (cross-stitch, rug making, beauty care and hair dressing, cooking, etc.) Food processing training Skills training (welding, machinery and auto-mechanics, etc.) Provision of relevant crops and trainings for farmers

Brgy. Kagawad for Education Unemployed members of the host community Women Farmers organization/cooperative Out-of-school youth

TESDA Region IV-A Pililla LGU Brgy. Malaya LGU Nearby barangay LGUs MAO



Infrastructure Support in the development of water supply system for Brgy. Malaya

Brgy. Kagawad for Infrastructure Host community

Pililla LGU Brgy. Malaya



Health and Nutrition

Provision of medicines/medical and dental services

Brgy. Kagawad for Health and Education Host community

DOH Region IV-A MHO Pililla LGU Brgy. Malaya LGU




Education Provision of scholarships and financial assistance to students (both formal and informal education)

Qualified students of the host barangay

CHEd Region IV-A DepEd Region IV-A TESDA Region IV-A Brgy. Malaya LGU




Peace and Order

Financial support on closed circuit television (CCTV) installation in strategic areas in Brgy. Malaya

Brgy. Kagawad for Peace and Order

Brgy. Malaya LGU INGRID Power Holdings, Inc.

Operation INGRID Power


5-4

CONCERN PROGRAM/PROJECT/ACTIVITY RESPONSIBLE COMMUNITY MEMBER/ BENEFICIARY

GOVERNMENT AGENCY/NON-GOVERNMENT AGENCY AND SERVICES

PROPONENT INDICATIVE TIMELINE

SOURCE OF FUND

Host community Holdings, Inc.

Environment Climate Change Adaptation and Disaster Risk Reduction Management training

Host community and nearby barangays

MDRRC Pililla LGU Brgy. Malaya LGU Nearby barangay LGUs



Safety Provision of traffic signage and early warning device in strategic areas in Brgy. Malaya

Host community and nearby barangays

Brgy. Malaya LGU INGRID Power Holdings, Inc.



Cultural Heritage

Financial support to sports, recreation, town fiesta, and cultural activities

Residents of Pililla Host community and nearby barangays

Pililla LGU Brgy. Malaya LGU Nearby barangay LGUs



Spiritual Financial support to religious institutions maintenance and construction works

Religious sector Ecumenical (pastors, priests, ministers, etc.)

Brgy. Malaya LGU Nearby barangay LGUs



Note: Based on the Revised Procedural Manual for DAO 2003-30


5-5

5.2 INFORMATION AND EDUCATION CAMPAIGN

The Information, Education, and Communication (IEC) campaign for the proposed project will be conducted in all phases of its development, which also allows for a regular feedback/grievance mechanism of issues and concerns. The contents of the IEC are based on the action or operation plans of INGRID Power Holdings, Inc. and will be monitored by a multipartite group for evaluation.

A feedback/grievance mechanism is a very important tool to educate people regarding the project’s development and to check whether the project has negative or positive effects or perception. It will strengthen the knowledge of the people with regards to the positive impacts of the project, as well as the effort of the monitoring team together with the Proponent in resolving unfavorable events, if any.

Integral to the IEC is the regular reporting of INGRID Power Holdings, Inc. on the progress of the proposed Project’s operations. In general, the Proponent shall update the host LGUs if the agreements are followed or if there are minor or major changes to be made, and if there are problems that might occur and advice the LGU on appropriate preparations that are necessary to avoid or mitigate negative results. The Proponent will conduct IEC activities to establish transparency and to develop a partnership with the host communities.

INGRID Power Holdings, Inc., as part of its mandate and in compliance with appropriate laws and regulations, shall also formulate a Social Development Management Plan (SDMP), which will serve as the mechanism for engaging the host communities in implementing the various social development and livelihood assistance. Moreover, the Proponent will employ a Community Relations Officer who will manage the SDMP and serve as the liaison officer for the various stakeholders of the proposed Project.

IEC activities envisioned for the Project are numerous interactions between the Proponent, the host communities, and the local government officials. Table 5-2 presents the indicative IEC plan, which can be further improved after the series of consultations and future developments of the Project. Throughout the different phases of the proposed project, the Proponent will continue to inform the stakeholders about the status of the SDMP to prevent any speculations, anxiety, and miscommunication.


5-6

Table 5-2: Matrix of the Project’s IEC Plan

TARGET SECTOR IDENTIFIED AS NEEDING PROJECT IEC

MAJOR TOPIC/S OF CONCERN IN RELATION TO PROJECT

IEC SCHEME / STRATEGY / METHODS

INFORMATION MEDIUM INDICATIVE TIMELINES AND FREQUENCY

INDICATIVE COST (PHP)

Residents of Pililla, Rizal ▪ Personnel requirements and announcement of job opening for potential workers/employees/contractors

▪ Group Consultation

▪ Multi-media

▪ Invitation letter ▪ Multi-sectoral cluster meetings ▪ Newspaper publication ▪ Radio broadcast ▪ Posters

At least, two months prior to start of construction

PHP 50,000.00

Municipality of Pililla Residents of Brgy. Malaya, Farmers, NGOs

▪ Presentation of construction works/activities

▪ Potential impacts and proposed mitigation measures during construction works


▪ Multi-media

▪ Invitation letters ▪ Focus Group Discussion ▪ Multi-sectoral cluster meetings ▪ Handouts ▪ Audio-visual presentations on

EIA ▪ Posters and flyers

At least 1 month prior to start of construction and quarterly during the entire construction phase

PHP 50,000.00

Municipality of Pililla Brgy. Malaya NGOs

▪ Report on project’s compliance to ECC and EMP during construction period


▪ Grievance mechanism

▪ Invitation Letters ▪ Handouts ▪ Multi-sector cluster meeting ▪ Grievance box (comments,

suggestions) at the municipal and barangay halls

1 month prior to completion of construction works

PHP 25,000.00

Municipality of Pililla Brgy. Malaya

▪ Presentation of completion of construction works and preparation for operation


▪ Invitation Letters ▪ Multi-sectoral meeting

1 month prior to completion of construction phase

PHP 25,000.00

Municipality of Pililla Brgy. Malaya NGOs

▪ Project operation phase ▪ Highlight of the project’s

environmental control measures ▪ Compliance to ECC conditionality’s

and the EMP ▪ Actual impacts during

construction and control measures implemented


▪ Grievance mechanism

▪ Invitation letter ▪ Handouts ▪ Posters ▪ Grievance box (comments,

suggestions) at the municipal and barangay halls

Priority to operation phase and yearly thereafter

PHP 40,000.00

Schools NGOs

▪ Plant tour and highlight of project’s environmental control


▪ Educational tour to project site Throughout the operation phase

PHP 50,000.00


5-7

TARGET SECTOR IDENTIFIED AS NEEDING PROJECT IEC

MAJOR TOPIC/S OF CONCERN IN RELATION TO PROJECT

IEC SCHEME / STRATEGY / METHODS

INFORMATION MEDIUM INDICATIVE TIMELINES AND FREQUENCY

INDICATIVE COST (PHP)

LGUs measures, SDP, and environmental projects

INGRID Power Holdings, Inc. employees

▪ Awareness and Safety ▪ Disaster Risk Reduction and

Management ▪ Climate Change awareness and

adaptation


▪ Multi-media

▪ Climate change adaptation and disaster risk reduction and management seminar

▪ Hazard identification and risk assessment training

▪ First aid training

Once a year PHP 50,000.00

Brgy. Malaya Schools

▪ Climate Change awareness and adaptation

▪ Disaster Risk Reduction and Management


▪ Multi-media

▪ Climate change adaptation and disaster risk reduction and management seminar

Once a year PHP 50,000.00

INGRID POWER HOLDINGS, INC. ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT INGRID PILILLA 150-MW DIESEL POWER PLANT PROJECT SECTION 6 Pililla, Rizal ENVIRONMENTAL COMPLIANCE MONITORING

6-1

SECTION 6

6.0 ENVIRONMENTAL COMPLIANCE MONITORING

6.1 SELF-MONITORING PLAN

The Environmental Monitoring Plan (EMoP) presents a set of critical environmental parameters that will allow INGRID Power Holdings, Inc. to ensure environmental compliance and sustainability of the power plant operations. The EMoP allows monitoring, verification, and performance of the necessary corrective measures towards the mitigation of the identified environmental impacts. Information obtained during the EMoP implementation can be used in examining the short and long-term effects of the proposed Project’s various environmental aspects, from which future strategies on environmental enhancement measures can be formulated.

Table 6-1 presents the proposed EMoP that will be implemented by the Proponent during the different phases of the proposed Project’s development. Shown in the matrix are the concerns, parameters to be monitored, as well as the corresponding sampling and measurement plan (method, frequency, location), lead person, annual estimated cost, and environmental quality performance level (EQPL) range (i.e., Alert, Action, Limit).

Air and water quality will be monitored as part of the EMoP. Proper methods for sampling and analysis of each media must be employed.

For sampling and analysis of air quality, the proponent must refer to DAO 2000-81: “Implementing Rules and Regulations of the Philippine Clean Air Act.” Results of the ambient air quality sampling must be compared with the National Ambient Air Quality Guideline Values (NAAQGV) and National Emission Standards for Source Specific Air Pollutants (NESSAP), respectively. NAAQGV and NESSAP standards are disclosed in DAO 2000-81.

There are two references that must be followed regarding the sampling and analysis methods and water quality standards. Proper methods for water sampling and analysis are in EMB MC 2016-012 “EMB Approved Methods of Analysis for Water and Wastewater.” Results of the water sampling and analysis must be compared with the standards stated in DAO 2016-08: “Water Quality Guidelines and General Effluent Standards of 2016.” Furthermore, parameters for water quality monitoring of electric power generating facilities using oil (petroleum) are listed n DAO 2016-08.

Prior to decommissioning of the fuel storage, AC Enegy will conduct soil and groundwater analysis to ensure that there is no contamination. The parameters to be analyzed are arsenic, cadmium, chromium, copper, lead, mercury, BTEX (benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, xylene), total petroleum hydrocarbons (diesel range organics), total petroleum hydrocrabons. Since there are no established soil remediation standards in the Philippines, the Dutch Intervention Values will be the basis of the results of the soil testing.

The prescribed air and water monitoring stations are on Figure 6-1.

INGRID Power Holdings, Inc. will monitor its compliance through regular submission of Self-Monitoring Report (SMR) and Compliance Monitoring Report (CMR) to the DENR-EMB.


6-2

Table 6-1: Environmental Monitoring Plan (EMoP) KEY ENVIRONMENTAL ASPECTS PER PROJECT PHASE

POTENTIAL IMPACTS PER ENVIRONMENTAL SECTOR

PARAMETER TO BE MONITORED

SAMPLING AND MEASUREMENT PLAN LEAD PERSON

ANNUAL ESTIMATED COST

EQPL MANAGEMENT SCHEME Method Frequency Location EQPL Range Management Measures

Alert Action Limit Alert Action Limit

PRE-CONSTRUCTION/CONTRUCTION PHASES Local Sourcing of Labor

People: Employment Opportunities

No. of employees from Barangay Malaya

Record no. of employees from Barangay Malaya

During pre-contruction

Administration Office of the Project


Minimal N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A.

Use of Heavy Equipment

Air Quality: Impact on Ambient Air Quality and Noise

NO2 DAO 2000-81 Analysis Methods

Quarterly Refer to Figure 6-1.


PHP 20,000 per station per event

105 µg/NCM 135 µg/NCM 150 µg/NCM

Continuous maintenance of heavy equipment

Continuous maintenance of heavy equipment; Investigate, identify non-point sources

Investigate condition of equipment; Repair damages/ defects, repeat analysis

CO 25 mg/NCM 30 mg/NCM 35 mg/NCM SO2 125 µg/NCM 160 µg/NCM 180

µg/NCM TSP 180µg/ NCM 200µg/ NCM 230µg/

NCM PM10 140 mg/NCM 180 µg/NCM 200

µg/NCM Noise 65 dB 70 dB 75 dB

Use of Heavy Equipment

Hazardous Waste Generation

Volume of wastes generated

Number of drums/log-book recording; Weighing/ log-book recording

Weekly Waste storage facility (Refer to DAO 1992-29)


Part of operation costs

50% of maximum storage capacity


Maximum storage capacity

Ensure proper storage of hazardous waste, as stipulated in HW ID. Prepare hazardous waste for treatment/ disposal by third party (Refer to DAO 1992-29)

Ensure proper storage of hazardous waste, as stipulated in HW ID. Contact third party for hazardous waste for treatment/ disposal (Refer to DAO 1992-29)

Treatment/disposal of hazardous waste by third party. (Refer to DAO 1992-29)

Site Development (e.g. land clearing, cut and fill activities, land grading) and installation of generators

People: Occupational health and safety

No. of work-related illnesses/ injuries, No. of safety man-hours

Log-book/ database registration

Daily Administration office of the project site


Minimal 1 Non-Lost Time Accident

Multiple Non-Lost Time Accident

1 Lost Time Accident

Investigate, Do necessary actions. Re-training of staff regarding health and safety guidelines

Investigate, Do necessary actions. Review and reinforce safety guidelines. Re-training of staff regarding health and safety guidelines.


Water Quality: Impact on Surface water quality

pH Refer to EMB MC 2016-12

Quarterly Refer to Figure 6-1


PHP 10,000 per parameter

6.5-8.0 8.0-8.5 6.5-9.0 Investigate, identify non-point sources

Investigate, identify non-point sources

Investigate, identify non-point sources, repair damages/ defects, repeat analysis

TSS 60 mg/L 65 mg/L 80 mg/L BOD (for SW) 5 mg/L 6 mg/L 7 mg/L Fecal Coliform 600 mg/L 650 mg/L 700 mg/L Oil & Grease 1 mg/L 1.5 mg/L 2 mg/L

Water Quality: Impact on Groundwater quality








Fecal Coliform 150 mg/L 175 mg/L 200 mg/L Oil & Grease 1 mg/L 1.5 mg/L 2 mg/L Mercury 0.0018 mg/L 0.0020 mg/L 0.0022

mg/L Solid Waste Generation

Weight of waste generated

Weighing/ log-book recording

Daily/weekly Waste storage facility






Prepare waste for disposal by third party

Contact third party for waste for disposal

Disposal of waste by third party.

OPERATION PHASE Operation of Engines

Air Quality: Impact on Ambient Air Quality and noise

NO2, CO, SO2, TSP, PM10, Noise

DAO 2000-81 Analysis Methods

Quarterly Refer to Figure 6-1.



NO2 = 80 µg/NCM 120 µg/NCM

150 µg/NCM

Continuous maintenance of engines

Continuous maintenance of engines; Investigate,

Investigate condition of engines; Repair damages/ defects, repeat analysis

CO = 25 mg/NCM 30 mg/NCM 35 mg/NCM SO2 = 120 µg/NCM 150 µg/NCM 180

µg/NCM


6-3

KEY ENVIRONMENTAL ASPECTS PER PROJECT PHASE







TSP = 180µg/ NCM 200µg/ NCM 230µg/ NCM

identify non-point sources

PM10 = 120 mg/NCM

150 µg/NCM 200 µg/NCM

Noise = 65 dB 70 dB 75 dB Operation of Engines

Air Quality: Source Emissions

NO2 DAO 2000-81 Analysis Methods

Annual Stacks INGRID Power Holdings, Inc


NO2 = 1,500 mg/NCM

1,800 mg/NCM

2,000 mg/NCM

Continuous maintenance of engines

Continuous maintenance of engines; Investigate,

Investigate condition of engines; Repair damages/ defects, repeat analysis

Operation of Engines

People: Potential negative Public Perception

No. of valid complaints

Consultation with local officials and residents

Upon official request /summon of the local barangay office

Barangay Malaya


Minimal 1 minor complaint, such as nuisance complaints (e.g. noise caused by operation)

Multiple minor complaints such as nuisance complaints (e.g. noise caused by operation)

1 major complaint (incidents causing loss of life, damage to private property, adverse effects to health an economics)

Investigate, address issue accordingly

Investigate, address issue accordingly. Review and reinforce safety guidelines. Re-training of staff regarding health and safety guidelines.

Investigate, address issue accordingly. Review and reinforce safety guidelines. Re-training of staff regarding health and safety guidelines. Increase community IEC regarding measures taken to solve major complaints. Get feedback from community regarding acceptability or adequacy of actions taken to mitigate major concerns.

Maintenance of Engines

Water Quality: Impact on Surface water quality








TSS 60 mg/L 65 mg/L 80 mg/L BOD (for SW) 5 mg/L 6 mg/L 7 mg/L Fecal Coliform 600 mg/L 650 mg/L 700 mg/L Oil & Grease 1 mg/L 1.5 mg/L 2 mg/L


Water Quality: Impact on Groundwater quality








Fecal Coliform 150 mg/L 175 mg/L 200 mg/L Oil & Grease 1 mg/L 1.5 mg/L 2 mg/L Mercury 0.0018 mg/L 0.0020 mg/L 0.0022

mg/L Maintenance of Engines

People: Occupational health and safety

No. of work-related illnesses/ injuries, No. of safety man-hours

Log-book/ database registration

Daily Administration office of the project site


Minimal 1 Non-Lost Time Accident

Multiple Non-Lost Time Accident

1 Lost Time Accident

Investigate, Do necessary actions. Re-training of staff regarding health and safety guidelines




Solid Waste Generation

Weight of waste generated


Daily/ weekly

Waste storage facility






Prepare waste for disposal by third party

Contact third party for waste for disposal

Disposal of waste by third party.


Hazardous Waste Generation

Volume of wastes generated

Number of drums/log-book recording Weighing/ log-book recording

Weekly Waste storage facility (Refer to DAO 1992-29)






Ensure proper storage of hazardous waste, as stipulated in HW ID. Prepare hazardous waste for treatment/ disposal by third

Ensure proper storage of hazardous waste, as stipulated in HW ID. Contact third party for hazardous waste for treatment/

Treatment/disposal of hazardous waste by third party. (Refer to DAO 1992-29)


6-4








party (Refer to DAO 1992-29)

disposal (Refer to DAO 1992-29)

Oily Waste Water Treatment Facility

Water Quality: Degradation of water quality due to effluent discharge

Temp. change Refer to EMB MC 2016-12




2°C (change) 2.5°C (change) 3°C (change)

Continuous maintenance of treatment system. Continuous monitoring.



pH 6.0-9.5 6.0-9.5 6.0-9.5 COD 90 mg/L 95 mg/L 100 mg/L TSS 90 mg/L 95 mg/L 100 mg/L Phosphate 0.5 mg/L 0.75 mg/L 1.0 mg/L Sulfate 500 mg/L 525 mg/L 550 mg/L Chloride 400 mg/L 425 mg/L 450 mg/L Chromium 0.01 mg/L 0.015 mg/L 0.02 mg/L Copper 0.02 mg/L 0.03 mg/L 0.04 mg/L Zinc 2 mg/L 3 mg/L 4 mg/L Arsenic 0.02 mg/L 0.03 mg/L 0.04 mg/L Cadmium 0.006 mg/L 0.008 mg/L 0.01 mg/L Lead 0.05 mg/L 0.075 mg/L 0.1 mg/L Oil & Grease 3 mg/L 4 mg/L 5 mg/L

ABANDONMENT PHASE Pull-out of equipment, decommissioning of fuel storage, abandonment of offices

Generation of Demolition spoils and solid wastes t

Weight (kg); no. of items


Daily/ weekly

Project Site INGRID Power Holdings, Inc.

To be deter-mined

N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A.

Inventory of generators., transfer switches, transformers, fuel tanks & storage, and conduit & electrical wiring

Log-book recording

Duration of decommissioning

Project Site INGRID Power Holdings, Inc.

Minimal N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A.

Potential soil/ groundwater contamination

Arsenic Soil: ASSSM GW: EMB MC 2016-012 TPH: US EPA prescribed methods

One-time Near storage tank



0.04 mg/L 0.05 mg/L 0.06 mg/L Proceed with decommissioning

Repeat analysis to confirm result. If result is confirmed to be below DIV standard, proceed with decommissioning

Repeat analysis to confirm result; Soil remediation must be conducted prior to decommissioning

Cadmium 0.004 mg/L 0.005 mg/L 0.006 mg/L Chromium 0.01 mg/L 0.02 mg/L 0.03 mg/L Copper 0.65 mg/L 0.70 mg/L 0.075 mg/L Lead 0.65 mg/L 0.70 mg/L 0.075 mg/L Mercury 0.0001 mg/L 0.0002 mg/L 0.0003

mg/L BTEX 1,000 mg/L 1,200 mg/L 1,250 mg/L TPH (GRO, DRO) 0.4 mg/L 0.5 mg/L 0.6 mg/L

Potential negative public perception

No. of valid complaints

Consultation with local officials and residents

Variable Host Municipality


PHP 40,000 per consultation

1 minor complaint, such as nuisance complaints (e.g. noise caused by decommissioning, inconvenience and traffic caused by trucks)

Multiple minor complaints such as nuisance complaints (e.g. noise caused by decommissioning, inconvenience and traffic caused by trucks)

1 major complaint (incidents causing loss of life, damage to private property, adverse effects to health an economics)

Investigate, address issue accordingly

Investigate, address issue accordingly. Review and reinforce safety guidelines. Re-training of staff regarding health and safety guidelines.

Investigate, address issue accordingly. Review and reinforce safety guidelines. Re-training of staff regarding health and safety guidelines.. Increase community IEC regarding measures taken to solve major complaints. Get feedback from community regarding acceptability or adequacy of actions taken to mitigate major concerns.


6-5








NOTES: EQPL = Environmental Quality Performance Level • Alert or Red Flag: early warning • Action Level: point where management measures must be employed so as not to reach the regulated threshold or limit level, or to reduce deterioration of affected environmental component to pre-impact or optimum environmental quality • Limit Level: regulated threshold of pollutant (standard that must not be exceeded); point where emergency response measures must be employed to reduce pollutants to lower than standard limit.


6-6

Figure 6-1: Prescribed Sampling Points for Monitoring

FIGURE NO.:

6-1 FIGURE TITLE:

Prescribed Sampling Points for Monitoring P R O J E C T P R O P O N E N T :

INGRID POWER HOLDINGS, INC. P R O J E C T T I T L E & L O C A T I O N :


R E P O R T P R E P A R E R :



6-7

6.2 MULTI-SECTORAL MONITORING FRAMEWORK

The Monitoring Framework, as stated in Annexes 3-2 and 3-4 of the RPM for DAO 2017-15, presents a proposed program wherein the proposed Project’s environmental compliance will be verified and reported to concerned stakeholders.

The MMT will be composed of government regulators (LGU representatives) and recognized non-governmental organizations that have valid issues and concerns on the proposed project. The proponent shall provide appropriate funding for the MMT activities based on the Annual Work and Financial Plan approved by EMB. DENR-EMB must provide guidance to the MMT and shall conduct performance audits of the MMT.

The MMT’s objective is to provide a venue to discuss the important concerns of stakeholders regarding the Project. These concerns may involve the following items:

• Verify the compliance of INGRID Power Holdings, Inc. in its ECC and EMP;

• Validate the proposed Project’s conformance to government standards, and INGRID Power Holdings, Inc.’s submission of necessary post-ECC documentation requirements;

• Identify the legitimate concerns of the host community, in relation to the implementation of the Project;

• Determine the extent and scale of the environmental impacts generated by the Project;

• Provide additional information, education, and communication (IEC); and

• Integration/documentation of complaints, suggestions, and compromise agreements.

The MMT members and their corresponding roles and responsibilities are presented in Table 6-2.

Table 6-2: Proposed Composition of the MMT for the Project

COMPOSITION MEMBER ROLE/RESPONSIBILITY

LGU representatives One (1) representative from the Municipal Environment and Natural Resources Office (MENRO) of Pililla

▪ Serve as the MMT chair ▪ Oversee Proponent’s compliance to

environmental regulations ▪ Issue/revoke the ECC of the Project as

mandated

Rural Health Unit (RHU) Chief or Municipal Health Officer (MHO)of Pililla

▪ Exercise local authority and knowledge on environmental and social conditions in the project impact area

Concerned Barangay Captain (Malaya)

One representative from an LGU-accredited local NGOs with mission/s specifically related to environmental management

To be determined ▪ Represent the mission/s of the NGO

Maximum of 2 representatives from locally recognized community leaders

Malaya Irrigators and Farmer Association and Samahang Mandaragat sa Malaya

▪ Represent vulnerable sectors in the project impact area

Maximum of 3 representatives from government agencies

DOE, LLDA, and NGCP ▪ Carry out mandate considering the project type and its expected impacts

REFERENCE: DAO 2017-15


6-8

The DENR heads the MMT and oversees compliance to environmental regulations. Furthermore, it has the power to revoke the ECC if deemed necessary. As the proponent, INGRID Power Holdings, Inc. must comply with environmental regulations by providing mitigation and enhancement measures. The PENRO has the local authority and knowledge on the environmental conditions of the affected areas. Lastly, representatives from the host municipal and barangay LGUs provide the consensus of the local community and has jurisdiction over the project site.

INGRID Power Holdings, Inc. will continue to regularly conduct consultations/meetings with the MMT members. These meetings shall be conducted quarterly and annually. Special meetings may also be held if necessary, most especially during emergency situations or other important occasions that require immediate resolution.

6.3 ENVIRONMENTAL GUARANTEE AND MONITORING FUND COMMITMENTS

The Environmental Guarantee Fund (EGF) pertains to the fund to be set up by a project proponent which shall be readily accessible and disbursable for the immediate clean-up or rehabilitation of areas affected by damages in the environment and the resulting deterioration of environmental quality as a direct consequence of a project’s construction, operation or abandonment. It shall likewise be used to compensate parties and communities affected by the negative impacts of the project, and to fund community-based environment related projects including, but not limited to, information and education and emergency preparedness programs.

The indicative allocation for the EGF for the proposed project is PHP 1,000,000.00 (One Million Pesos). The said amount will be subject to review and approval of EMB-CO. The fund shall be replenished if the amount falls below 50%.

The EGF shall be established and used for the following risk-management related purposes:

• the immediate rehabilitation of areas affected by damage to the environment and the resulting deterioration of environmental quality as a direct consequence of project construction, operation, and abandonment;

• the conduct of scientific or research studies that will aid in the prevention or rehabilitation of accidents and/or risk-related environmental damages; or

• for contingency clean-up activities, environmental enhancement measures, damage prevention program including the necessary IEC and capability building activities to significantly minimize or buffer environmental risk- related impacts.

According to the RPM of DAO 2003-30, claims to the EGF are classified into emergency, compensatory, and/or operating costs.

The purposes of emergency claims are to prevent loss of life or serious damage to property and environment, immediate rehabilitation of affected areas, provide immediate correction of or prevention against the spread of accident of disaster or the effect thereof, and evacuate and temporarily relocate affected residents.

Compensatory claims can be made if it is intended to compensate pecuniary loss or damage suffered by a party, person, or entity as a consequence of the project.

Claims for operating costs may include expenses for preventive activities, environmental education, scientific or research studies, and training.


6-9

On the other hand, the Environmental Monitoring Fund (EMF) refers to the fund that a proponent shall set up after an ECC is issued for its project or undertaking, to be used to support the activities of the multi-partite monitoring team. It shall be immediately accessible and easily disbursable.

According to the RPM of DAO 2003-30, expenses for the following can be covered by the EMF:

• Cost of transportation, board, and lodging,

• MMT meetings rental of equipment,

• Documentation,

• Sampling,

• Hiring of outside experts or subcontracting monitoring work,

• Training of MMT,

• Preparation and distribution of monitoring reports,

• Public information campaign/dissemination.

The indicative allocation for the EMF of the proposed project is PHP 500,000.00 (Five-Hundred Thousand Pesos). An annual work and financial plan shall be submitted to EMB-CO and will be subject to their approval.

INGRID POWER HOLDINGS, INC. ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT INGRID PILILLA 150-MW DIESEL POWER PLANT PROJECT SECTION 7 Pililla, Rizal DECOMMISSIONING/ABANDONMENT/REHABILITATION POLICY

7-1

SECTION 7

7.0 DECOMMISSIONING/ABANDONMENT/REHABILITATION POLICY

INGRID Power Holdings, Inc. will allocate sufficient time and available resources if the decommissioning, abandonment, and/or rehabilitation of the Project will be necessary.

Depending on the nature and reasons for abandonment, some facilities, such as the containers used as offices, may not be necessarily demolished or removed from the site, since some of these can be useful for other applications. Otherwise, proper dismantling, removal, and transportation of the structures, equipment, and machineries from the existing site will be conducted to minimize possible or further threats to the surrounding environment.

The operator will ensure that there will be no residual contamination in the project site and that proper disposal will be applied after decommissioning through following:

• After the fuel storage tanks are removed, soil and groundwater sampling should be conducted for subsurface contamination testing.

• If contamination exists, additional investigations, which may include risk assessment, should be done to determine the need for remediation.

• Since tanks used to store hydrocarbons and chemicals are classified as special wastes, disposal procedure must adhere to relevant provisions of DAO 1992-29.

• Also, since the tanks used to contain flammable materials, the operator must ensure that the waste disposal contractor will follow the appropriate health and safety guidelines in handling such materials.

In generator decommissioning, there will be certain reminders for successful output which are listed below:

• All on-site equipment, such as generators, transfer switches, transformers, fuel storage tanks, and coduit and electrical wiring, will be documented for inventory accuracy.

• A thorough examination and inspection of the current electrical system will be performed for safe decommissioning.

Other activities that will be done during this Phase are:

• Proper advice and compensation to all affected personnel;

• Securing of necessary government clearances related to the abandonment of the existing Project (including request for the relief of ECC conditions and commitment);

• Removal of solid, liquid, and hazardous wastes within the site through DENR-certified waste transporter/treater; and

• Clean-up and possible remediation of the site, if future evaluations and testing suggest that such activity is applicable.

INGRID POWER HOLDINGS, INC. ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT INGRID PILILLA 150-MW DIESEL POWER PLANT PROJECT SECTION 8 Pililla, Rizal INSTITUTIONAL PLAN FOR EMP IMPLEMENTATION

8-1

SECTION 8

8.0 INSTITUTIONAL PLAN FOR EMP IMPLEMENTATION

The institutional organization of INGRID Power Holdings, Inc. for the proposed INGRID Pililla 150-MW Diesel Power Plant Project is shown in Figure 8-1. The organization is formed to achieve the following:

• Economical and safety operations and maintenance of the proposed power plant components;

• Implementation of the company policies;

• Environmental compliance and sustainability; and

• Promotion and enhancement of the social acceptability of the proposed project.

The institutional organization will involve INGRID Power Holdings, Inc.’s top-level management, who is responsible for providing the corporate direction and policies of the company. The policies shall then be disseminated to the power plant department heads and managers for implementation of the company personnel, including those who will be working on the operations of the proposed project.

INGRID Power Holdings, Inc. will also establish a partnership with relevant government agencies, various stakeholders, and local host communities in relation to the project. This partnership is necessary to maintain a transparent and positive relationship for the proposed project and its stakeholders, as well as to ensure that the environmental protection and enhancement measures are complied with.

The key stakeholders of the proposed project will be identified as the following:

Municipality of Pililla, Rizal;

Brgy. Malaya;

Residents and community organizations that will be affected by the proposed project;

Various industry organizations;

Local peace-and-order councils (i.e., PNP, Barangay Police); and

Other concerned non-government organizations.

INGRID Power Holdings, Inc. commits to:

• Comply with the commitments and conditions that will be stipulated in the EIS, ECC, and other related environmental laws;

• Foster mutually beneficial partnership and cooperation with the host community;

• Promote sustainable use and responsible development of resources by adopting appropriate technologies;

• Develop livelihood programs and upgrade skills of host community to contribute and enhance the quality of life; and

• Develop training programs for its employees to ensure that they will be continually prepared for the tasks assigned to them.

• Develop and implement a grievance redress mechanism to be handled by an environmental, health, and safety officer.

INGRID POWER HOLDINGS, INC. ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT INGRID PILILLA 150-MW DIESEL POWER PLANT PROJECT SECTION 8 Pililla, Rizal INSTITUTIONAL PLAN FOR EMP IMPLEMENTATION

8-2

Figure 8-1: Organizational Chart for the Institutional Plan

FIGURE NO.:

8-1 FIGURE TITLE:

Organizational Chart for the Institutional Plan PROJECT PROPONENT:




REPORT PREPARER:


INGRID Power Holdings, Inc. Board of Directors

Plant Manager

Environmental, Health & Safety Officers

Operation Personnel

Environmental, Health & Safety Manager

Operations Manager

Plant Supervisors

Non-Operation Personnel

ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT Proposed Diesel Power Plant ...eia.emb.gov.ph/.../INGRID-Diesel-Power-Plant-Draft... · Environmental Compliance Certificate (ECC) Application for INGRID

Documents