Environment

Anthropocentrism (human centred) established by

Singer. Vardy distinguished 2 types: ‘Strong thesis’ humans

at centre of reality and should be to.

‘Weak thesis’ reality can only be interpreted from a human

point of view therefore humans have to be centre of

reality.

Roger Scruton: Creates middle way between humans

and animals e.g. ok to research cancer cures on

animals as long as minimal pain caused. Humans should

not get pleasure out of hurting animals e.g. fox

hunting.

Animal Rights: two views: animals are not

moral – morality comes from making moral choices = under no obligation to treat

animals with respect.

Animals should be treated equally. Singer: equal rights for certain species e.g. comparing

mental abilities of chimpanzees to that of a

humans . Animals respond to pain.