Entrepreneurial Support for E-Waste Recyclers · 3/8/2016 · Entrepreneurial Support for E-Waste Recyclers Mathias Schluep, Markus Spitzbart, Elisabeth Herbeck World Resources Forum

Entrepreneurial Support for E-Waste Recyclers Mathias Schluep, Markus Spitzbart, Elisabeth Herbeck

World Resources Forum Latin America and the Caribbean San Jose, Costa Rica, May 17-20, 2016

• Business Plan Calculaiton Tool

• Dismantling Guide

• Recyclers information Centre

• Conclusions

Content

Business Plan Calculation Tool

Development Steps

1. Seed-Funding Project within StEP

2. Dismantling campaigns and analysis of correlations between dismantling output, reveneues and costs within the D.R.Z

3. Elaboration of the tool within several e-waste projects funded by UNIDO

Intentions

• Facilitate strategic planning processes for e-waste recycling on regional and national levels in developing and emerging countries

• Support entrepreneurs to design, implement and operate environmental sound and financially sustainable e-waste dismantling plants

BPlan-Tool Structure and Features

Definitions/ Mod. Options

Results

Input (Estimated Quantity/ Composition,

Purchase Conditions)

Provided Process Data

Plant-Layout

Dismantling Level

Sales Prices and Disposal Costs for Output-Fractions

Required Recycling Fees

Commercialisation of Fractions

Efficiency

Collection Strategy

Profit & Loss-Forecast for the first 5 years of operation

Aquisition Prices for Equipment and Machinery

Break-Even

Required Staff Required Space

Process Chain

General Price Levels Energy, Fuel, Taxes, Rental and Credit-Costs

Dismantling Output for different appliance groups and dismantling levels

Specific Correlations regarding Storage, Space Requirements, Collections Efforts, Dismantling Time, ...

Required Input Data

Salaries and Annual Working Hours

Planning Options

Structure & Design

Structure & Design

7

Level A) Hazardous components and high valuable components, like printed circuit boards are removed only and the remaining parts are destined to mechanical separation/ recycling.

Level B) Apart from removing hazardous components manual dismantling of components into more or less pure materials and recyclable fractions is conducted where viable with reasonable effort.

Level C) Appliances are dismantled up to a point, at which further separation into pure materials is not possible without mechanical shredding. +

• dismantling HDD, CDD

• obtaining more pure metals (copper, etc.)

• removing impurities from plastic parts

Structure & Design

WEEE-Receiving Weighing

Dismantling CRTs

Dismantling smallWEEE/

FPD local

market

regional cross-

national market

inter- national

shipment overseas

DOWNSTREAM OPTIONS

FURTHER TREATMENT

MANUAL DISMANTLING

COLLECTION/ RECEIVING

ORIGIN

Treatment CRT-tubes

Decon-tamination Hg-Lamps

Plastic- Shredder

Collection points

Cable- Stripper

Different storage options

Different transport options

WEEE

Fractions (non-hazardous)

Hazardous fractions/ waste

Legend:

Refurbishment

Individuals

transport B2B

Companies/ Organisations

Repair-Shops

Scavengers

Calculated Business-Plans for Dismantling Facilities in 3 different countries

Kampala/

Uganda

Phnom Penh/ Cambodia Rio de Janeiro/

Brazil

Landlocked country

Mainly government

equipment

Huge storage of old

equipment

Informal recycling at a

moderate level

Access to the sea

Easy transport to Vietnam

and Thailand

Large refurbishment

sector

Informal sector active in

recycling

Very low salaries

Access to Sea

Large area

Cooperatives active in e-

waste recycling

Salary wage at medium

level

Medium level

development status

• same input: 500 ton/a • same input-composition: 60% CRT, 20% PC, 20% printers, notebooks, etc.

Business-Plan Calculation Results

USD/a Kampala/ Uganda

Rio de Janeiro/ Brazil

Phnom Penh/ Cambodia

Adequate Dismantling Level

C B C

Net Revenues 21,000 184,000 178,000

Operational Costs -74,000 -140,000 -60,000

Operating Results -53,000 44,000 118,000

General Conditions

• Missing downstream options in the region

• High purchase prices to get the e-waste

• High transport and disposal costs

• Low operational costs

• Most serious burden: Disposal of CRT-glass

• Environmental sound e-waste recycling without recycling fees not possible

• Good sales conditions for output fractions

• No purchase prices considered

• Moderate transport and disposal costs

• Moderate operational costs

• Good sales conditions for output fractions

• Moderate transport and disposal costs

• Moderate purchase prices

• Most serious burden: Purchase of e-waste

Outcome

Kampala/ Uganda Phnom Penh/ Cambodia

Dismantling Guide

• Provide step by step instruction for efficient manual dismantling processes

• Focus on IT equipment

• General background information about the appliances

• Information regarding storage and transport of fractions

• Health & safety

General concept

Structure & Design

1 2 3

4

5 6 7

8 9 10 11

Use and Benefit

Dismantling Workshop in Colombia, April 2016

Recycling Information Centre

• Establish a platform to enhance communication between recyclers

• Main features of the platform • General Dismantling Procedures

• Product- Specific Disassembly Procedures

• Preparation for Reuse Procedures

• Fraction Specific Information

• Downstream Options

• Platform still under development, will be launched still this year

General Concept

Structure and Design

General description of equipment

Dismantling steps

Resulting output fractions

Required tools & equipment for dismantling

Health & Safety Aspects

General description of product

Specific dismantling steps

Resulting output fractions

Required tools & equipment for dismantling

Health & Safety Aspects

Components to be harvested

General potential for re-use

Required steps for testing/ refurbishment

Frequent defects/ components to be replaced

Required tools & equipment for repair

Health & Safety Aspects

Average material composition of fraction

Characteristics of fraction

Indications how to store & transport

Indications about the economic value of the fraction

General guidance for shipment

General description of the downstream market

Possible fraction to be treated with the recycling process (accepeted impurities/ required composition)

Effectiveness

Indications about recovery rates

Conclusions

• The presented tools can help small and medium size enterprises to review and improve their operations

• The presented tools can also support decision maker to develop efficient policies

• Through training and improved dismantling processes recycling rates of valuable materials can significantly be improved

• Continuous information exchange between stakeholders is crucial

Conclusions

Markus Spitzbart & Elisabeth Herbeck

Die Wiener Volkshochschulen GmbH

DRZ – Dismantling- and Recycling-Centre

Vienna/ Austria

[email protected] [email protected]

www.vhs.at/drz

Mathias Schluep

World Resources Forum

St. Gallen / Switzerland

[email protected]

www.wrforum.org

Thank you for your attention!