English Grammar Training Manual

Grammar

Table of Contents

4Noun

4Number

5Proper noun

5Common Noun

6Collective noun

6Abstract noun

6Verb and Auxiliary

7Preposition

7Conjunction

8Articles

9Sentence structure

9Structure of a simple sentence

10Present Tense

11S A V rules

11Possessive case

11Universal Auxiliaries

12Present Continuous Tense

12When to use

12Rules

13Simple Present Tense

13Rules

13Subject Auxiliary Verb


14Present Perfect Tense

14Rules

14Subject Auxiliary verb form


15Present Perfect Continuous Tense

15Rules



16Past Tense

16Subject Auxiliary Verb form


17Past continuous Tense

17Rules



18Simple Past Tense

18Rule


19Past Perfect Tense

19Rule


19Universal Auxiliary

20Past Perfect Continuous Tense

20Rule



21Future Tense

21Rules



22Future Continuous Tense

22Rules



23Future Perfect Tense

23Rules


23Universal Auxiliary

24Future Perfect Continuous Tense

24Rules



24Exercises for Grammar

Grammar

Parts of Speech

Every word in the English language belongs to a particular family or group or category named Part of Speech.

There are in all ten parts of speech in the English language. This means that every English word would fall under one of these parts of speech. They are: Noun, Pronoun, Verb, auxiliary, adjective, Adverb, Preposition, Conjunction, Article and Interjection.

Noun

Noun is a word used for person, place or thing. Every noun has number, gender and kind.

Number

There are singular nouns and plural nouns as shown below:

Singular

Plural

Girl

girls

School

Schools

Pencil

Pencils

Box

Boxes

Watch

Watches

Fish

Fishes

Knife

Knives

Wife

Wives

Thief

Thieves

Victory

Victories

In order to get the plural, we add the letter S to some nouns, letters es to some, ves to such nouns that end in f and ies to the nouns that end in y.

For some nouns, the plural spelling is altogether different like the following:

Man

men

Woman

women

Foot

feet

Oasis

oases

Kiss

kisses

Some nouns have the same form for singular and also for plural as shown below:sheep, deer, series, corps, swine, species, and means.

Some nouns are used only in the plural even if the noun referred and used is in single quantity as shown below:

Scissors, tongs, pincers, spectacles, drawers, breeches and arrears.

Some are used only in singular form though they sound like plurals in terms of spelling. The following are the examples:

News, innings, ethics, civics, physics, athletics, economics.

We write the plurals for the compound words in a different way as shown below:

Son-in-law

sons-in-law

Daughter-in-law

daughters-in-law

Brother-in-law

brothers-in-law

Man-of-law

men-of-war

Passer-by

passers-by

Looker-on

lookers-on

Footman

footmen

Add an apostrophe and the letter s to get the plurals of letters, figures and symbols.

Nouns are of four kinds as follows:

Proper noun

The name of a particular person or place is called a proper noun, they are unique and we cannot use that name to any other person or place. Here are the examples:

Rajendran, Narayanan, Nirmala, Samuel.

Common Noun

A noun used for any person or place. Here are some examples:

Man, Teacher, student, graduate.

Collective noun

It is a noun used for a group of persons or animals or things taken together and considered as one single unit. Here are the examples:

Crowd, mob, herd, family, army.

Abstract noun

It is a noun used for quality or action or state as shown in the following examples:

Quality honesty, wisdom, truth, bravery

Action theft, movement, hatred

State youth, slavery, boyhood, manhood

Verb and Auxiliary

Verb is a word of action. We can see action in a broad sense, when there is a movement of any part of the body of a living being, be it a human or animal or bird or fish. We cannot use a verb in a sentence without supporting it with a word called auxiliary. The auxiliary will usually be to the left of a verb. In some cases we may use more than one auxiliary to help a verb. We call such a group of auxiliaries as auxiliary set. All the auxiliaries that go to form a se will also be out of the same list of 32. Thus, a very and an auxiliary would form an inseparable pair. We can never use an auxiliary or a verb singly at all but always as pairs.

Every verb has three forms, namely, Present, Past and Past Participle forms.

There are only 32 auxiliaries in the English language. The job of an auxiliary is to help a verb. It has no other function. There are two type of auxiliaries: pure auxiliaries, (whose sole job is only to help a verb in any of its 3 forms in a sentence) and auxiliary cum verbs.

The pure auxiliaries are also known as universal auxiliaries because we use them for more than one tense and for all persons.

Auxiliaries do not have a precise meaning like other English words. Every auxiliary is used for a particular situation. You need to know that before you could select an auxiliary to use in a sentence.

Auxiliaries enable us to frame negative answers. There are only two categories of answers, as we saw a little earlier positive and negative. We write or speak a negative sentence by making the auxiliary negative i.e. by putting the adverb NOT after the auxiliary.

Preposition

Preposition is a word that shows the relationship between any two words in a sentence. The two words may be

A noun/pronoun

and

a noun/pronoun

Or

A verb

and

a noun/pronoun

Or

An adjective/adverband

a noun/pronoun

Study the following examples:

We saw a dog inside the house. (Relationship between a noun and a noun)

Will you come to my house this evening? (Between a verb and a noun)

My Father is angry with me. (Between an adverb and a pronoun)

I am traveling in a Car. (Between a verb and a noun)

My brother is behind me always. (Between an aux, verb and a pronoun)

The words underlined are prepositions and show the true relationship between the word to its left and right. If you remove the preposition, you will not get the correct meaning out of the sentence or you may get several possible meanings. Thus if you want to know the accurate meaning of sentence, you must use the correct preposition.

Simple prepositions are recognizable words. Some of them are: AT, BY FOR, FROM, IN, OF, TO, DOWN, ON, OUT, THROUGH, TILL, WITH, WITHOUT, ABOUT, UNDER, ACROSS, ALONG, AMONG, AROUND, BEFORE, AFTER BEHIND, BETWEEN, BEYOND, INSIDE, OUTSIDE.

Conjunction

Conjunction is a word that joins two or more simple sentences. And is the only conjunction, which in addition can connect any two words also, except two verbs.

Conjunctions are used in complex sentences. A complex sentence will consist of two simple sentences connected by one conjunction.

Conjunctions are also recognizable words. Some of the single word conjuctions are: AND, SINCE, BECAUSE, IF, THAT, UNLESS, BUT, STILL, YET, UNTIL, AS, THOUGH, AFTER, BEFORE.

Whether a single word or phrases or pairs, the job of a conjunction is to join two simple sentences.

Articles

Article is a word we use to refer to the number of a noun. For a singular noun we use the article A or AN. AN is used for a noun that starts with a vowel or vowel sound. Examples are:

An umbrella, an egg, an elephant

For all other single nouns, use A. A and AN are also known as indefinite article because it will refer to any single noun like, a doctor, a book, a pencil, an instructor, an engineer and so on.

We also use A and AN before an adjective if that adjective describes a single noun.

Here are some examples:

An intelligent student never has any doubts.

A good boy will always obey his parents.

Ronald is an excellent football player

No one could find an immediate solution to the problem.

Use A or AN for every common noun if it appears in the middle of a sentence as shown below:

It was an earthquake.

Wont she be a good dancer for our entertainment programme?

Use A or AN as applicable, in expressing quantity or certain numbers as shown in the examples given below:

A lot of, a dozen, a couple of runs, an occasional cup of coffee, a hundred, a thousand, a million.

Use A or AN before half when it follows a whole number like this,

One and a half kilo (But, dont use a if only is to be pronounced

k = half kilo. half a kilo is wrong English)

Whereas, with other numbers, a must be used as shown below:

a third, a quarter, a fifth

When we want to refer to a particular doctor or a book or an instructor, we use the definite article THE. Study the following sentences:

The doctor examined susan. (the here refers to a particular doctor, possibly the family doctor)

The class teacher is sick today.

We use THE also to refer to any large numbers or plural nouns. Here are the examples:

The boys, the students, the colleges, the people and so on.

The overall meaning of the sentence will make it clear whether the definite article THE refers to a particular noun or any plural nouns.

We saw that for a single number we use A or AN and for a large number, THW

What then about the intermediate numbers, say 2,3..8..10, 11 or so? For such small numbers, we use the articles SOME, ANY, A FEW, A LITTLE, MANY, ALL AND SUCH. Study the following sentences:

Some boys were at the football ground. (A small number of boys, say 7 or 8)

Did any students fail in English?

A few persons only accepted our invitation.

Please give me a little sugar. (Here a little sugar would mean a couple of spoons of sugar)

Many students failed in mathematics.

All the winners were present at the prize awarding ceremony.

There are many bad boys in your school; dont go near such boys.

If the words in bold describe the noun, we may treat them as adjectives. But if they refer to the number of the noun concerned, then we treat them as articles. In all the examples given above, the words in bold refer to the number of the noun, hence they are articles.

Sentence structure

Structure of a simple sentence

We may divide every simple sentence into two distinct parts the grammar part and Meaning part. One makes mistakes only in the grammar part and seldom in the meaning part; or, one cannot make any serious mistakes in the meaning part at all. The meaning part has nothing to do with the grammar part. We can take the grammar part of one sentence and attach it to the meaning part of another sentence and vice versa. Here are some examples:

Mani could have beaten up/this poor street dog.

Grammar part

meaning part

Isaac loves/the small children in his colony.

We can swap the meaning part like this,

Mani could have beaten up/ the small children in his colony

Isaac loves/this poor street dog.

The new sentences sound meaningful all right.

The grammar part is different for each tense. And the English language uses in all 18 tenses. Each of these tenses has its own grammar rules. Once you master these grammar rules, you could never make any mistake in composing an English sentence.

The grammar rules themselves are very simple indeed and very simple to remember too. The grammar part is divided into three sections SUBJECT, AUXILIARY and VERB. In short, S-A-V.

The meaning part consists of OBJECT AND COMPLEMENT or both in any combination. We will indicate this part henceforth as, O/C.

Thus the formula for a simple sentence will be like this,

S A V O/C

Do note that an English sentence must have S-A-V or S-A.V. It need not have O/C at all. But, without O/C you may only get a small meaning out of S-A-V. It is the O/C parts that give the full meaning of a sentence. A simple sentence is one that is self-contained in meaning. In other words, there must be the O/C parts in the sentence.

Present Tense

When to use

We use it to denote the existence of or give information about yourself, another person or thing that we see before our eyes or hear about, in present time.

We use it to convey information about the things and qualities we and the third persons possess in present time

(This is an important tense because most of what we say about people, things or about ourselves will always be in the present tense)

S A V rules

Subject

Auxiliary

Verb form

I

AM

AM

He, she, it

IS

IS

We, You, They

ARE

ARE

Possessive case

I, WE, YOU, THEYHAVE

HAVE

HE, SHE, IT

HAS

HAS

Universal Auxiliaries

All persons

am/is/are USED TO

am/is/are act as verbs

And will be to the left

of the Auxiliary.

Here are some examples using universal auxiliaries:

1. Many students in our class are used to regular homework.

2. All the young residents in my colony are not used to ragging.

3. Why are you used to white canvas shoes?

4. I am not used to a strict tuition teacher.

5. Your friends arent used to coffee, are they?

USED TO Universal auxiliaries have no meaning we use them for particular situations. And they dont belong to any particular tense either. Here, we use this auxiliary to show a habit, which becomes pat of our routine activities.

Have you noticed that although the words AM, IS, ARE are A.V s. We have used them in place of verbs, actually as regular verbs? And the verb so used is to the left of the auxiliary? Next, we use these verbs in the Question tag as well instead of an auxiliary? These are the peculiarities of USED TO and exceptional cases as well.

Present Continuous Tense

When to use

We use this tense to describe an action actually in progress or going on at the time of talking. The person performing the action may be yourself or a second or third person.

Rules

Subject

Auxiliary

Verb

I

AM

Present ending in-ing

HE, SHE, IT

IS

- do

WE, YOU, THEY

ARE

- do


All persons

can be

Present verb ending in ING

May be

Could be

Would be

Should be

Must be

Shall be

Will be

Need be

Ought to be

Am/is/aregoing to be

Am/is/are/can be/may be/ could be/

Would be/should be/ must be/

Shall be/will be/ought to be/USED TO

use only GETTING

GETTING/BECOMING

and BECOMING and

No other verb.


1. Where are your parents living in the city?

2. He is giving me tuition daily in the evening time.

3. We are learning English there.

4. I am learning in Raman institute.

Examples using universal auxiliaries:

1. Some students may not be coming with us for the picnic.

2. We shall be getting used to him shortly, shant we?

3. Hostel students ought not to be loitering about even during holidays.

4. We should be moving out in the next five minutes.

5. Wont you be helping me in my studies?

6. Some students could be watching the T.V. programme, couldnt they?

Simple Present Tense

We use the simple present tense,

1. To talk about the activities we do as a routine daily, weekly, monthly or at some periodicity.

2. To give an order/command

3. To make a suggestion in Question form

4. To acknowledge an order/command or a suggestion.

Rules

Subject

Auxiliary

Verb

I, WE, YOU, THEY

DO

Present form

HE, SHE, IT

DOES

Present form


All persons

can

Present form

May

Could

Would

Must

Ought to

Will

Shall

Dare

Need

Can/may/would/should/must/ought to/

use only get, become or beWill/shall GET/BECOME/BE USED TO

and no other verb

Do/does/can /may/would/should/must/

Ought to/ will/ shall KEEP

Continuous Verb

Present Perfect Tense

Present perfect tense belongs mostly to the past period and partly to the present time period. We use it for four different activities as described below:

a) To indicate a completed activity in the immediate past, say a short while back

b) To talk about an action that began sometime in the past and is continuing at the time of talking into the present time period.

c) To talk about past-completed activity whose time is not known (The action probably finished some years back)

d) To describe a completed activity in the past period when we think more about the effect of the activity at the time of talking (present time) than about the action itself.

Rules

Subject

Auxiliary

verb form

I, WE, YOU, THEY

HAVE

P.P form

HE, SHE, IT

HAS


All persons

MAY HAVE

P.P. form

Has/have/may have got/

Become/been USED TO

Use only the P.P form of the verb shown in bold.

Here are some example of verbs and their past participle forms

Present form

Past form

Past ParticipleLearn

learned

learnt

Talk

talked

talked

Rest

rested

rested

Wash

washed

washed

Punish

punished

punished

Lock

locked

locked

Improve

improved

improved

Land

landed

landed

Dry

dried

dried

Here some examples of sentences:

1. Where have you worked before?

2. They have written one or two essays before.

3. We indeed have read this read already

4. I have met you already, havent I?

Here are some examples with universal auxiliaries:

1. Dont ever get used to drugs during your college life, ok?

2. Have you been used to late night during your school days?

3. Jonathan has got used to bad language, hasnt he?

4. We may have contacted malaria during our overnight stay in the forest.

Present Perfect Continuous Tense

We use the Present perfect continuous tense for three out of the four situations as applicable to the present perfect tense. They are,

a) For an activity that started in some past time period and is continuing into the present till the time of talking.

b) For an activity completed in the immediate past time (same as in the present perfect case) but we want to give importance for the duration of that action than the time of its completion.

c) For an activity already completed but as a statement of explanation of that action at the time of talking.

Thus, this tense is interchangeable with the Present perfect tense.

Rules

Subject

Auxiliary

verb form

I, WE, YOU, THEYHAVE BEEN

Present in - ING

HE, SHE, IT

HAS BEEN


All persons

May have been

- do

Has/ have kept

Has been/ have been getting/

Becoming USED TO

use the verbs getting/

Becoming only


1. What have your friends been doing all these days?

2. She has been mending all these old clothes of hers.

3. Pushpa hasnt been mending too many clothes.

4. Most of the students have been conducting themselves very well.

Here are some example using universal auxiliaries:

1. Hasnt your younger daughter kept pestering you for more and more sarees?

2. Indeed she has kept worrying me for more sarees

3. Many students from the final semester have kept asking for more study leave.

4. Some of us have been getting used to the new canteen contactors food for our lunch. Havent we?

5. You havent been getting used to late nights, have you?

Past Tense

We use the past tense,

a) To denote the existence of or give information about yourself, another person or what we saw before eyes in the past time.

b) To give information about the things/qualities a person (s) possessed in the past time. (Possessive case)

RulesSubject

Auxiliary

Verb form

I, He, She, It

was

was

We, You, They

were

were

Possessive caseAll persons

had

had


All persons was/were USED TO was/were take the

Place of verbs (A

Noun must follow

USED TO)


1. I was at my aunts house.

2. I was not in my new house yesterday morning

3. The civil engineers were not keen on a visit to the Zoo.

4. We were there for 3 hours.

Here are some example using universal auxiliaries:

1. We were used to this college till last year.

2. Wasnt this child used to this ayah for quite a few months?

3. Our children were never used to powder milk during their childhood.

4. Some of us werent used to harassment inside the class room.

Note: USED TO must be followed always by a Noun (object).

Past continuous Tense

We use the Past continuous tense

a) To talk about an action or activities going on for a certain duration of time in the past and also finished in the past time.

b) To refer to a point of time in that duration. This use will be only in complex sentences.

Since this tense deals with a completed activity, it is interchangeable with simple past. But, if we want to give importance for the duration of the action, we opt for the past continuous tense.

Rules

Subject

Auxiliary

verb form

I, He, She, It

was

Present form ending in ING

We, You, They

were


All Persons

did KEEP

continuous present verb

Was/were getting/

Use only getting/

Becoming USED TObecoming and no other verb


1) Who was talking so loudly inside the auditorium?

2) Shobana was talking very loudly.

3) Thangaraj was standing in the sun for an hour.

4) They were simply wasting time in the basketball court.

Here are some examples using Universal Auxiliaries:

1) You did keep worrying your parents for more and more pocket money during your college life, didnt you?

2) My friend was getting used to the hostel life very slowly.

3) Didnt you keep writing to your parents during your stay abroad?

4) I did keep writing to them every week.

Simple Past Tense

We use simple past tense to talk about the action/ activities that started in the past time and also finished in the past time.

If you look back, we gave the same definition for the past continuous tense also.

So, this tense is interchangeable with past continuous since both deal with a completed activity. But, when we want to give importance for the duration of the action, we opt for the continuous tense.

Rule

Subject

Auxiliary

Verb form

All persons

DID

present form


All persons

could

Would

Did USE TO


1. She did leave college at 4 p.m.

2. He did drop out of our college in April last year

3. They did pose some difficult questions.

4. The smart students did didnt pose many question.

Examples with would and could:

1. Why didnt you attend the net practice yesterday?

2. I could hear some noise all night. It was very faint.

3. I couldnt do so yesterday for some reasons.

4. My small brother would have his own way always, wouldnt he?

Sentence with Did Use

1. I did use to live there till last year.

2. When did you use to live in London?

3. Did you use to lend your class notes to Krishnan regularly?

4. You used to seek my help for every subject last year, didnt you?

Past Perfect Tense

We use the past perfect tense

1) For an action that started and finished in the past period. (Thus, this tense is interchangeable with the simple past)

2) If two actions took place in the past, we use the past perfect for the first action and simple past for the second

3) When we refer to an action of the past as a follow up matter.

4) In reported speeches, i.e. when we describe what someone had said sometime in the past. (This use also comes in complex sentence)

Rule

Subject

Auxiliary

Verb form

All persons

had

P.P form

Universal Auxiliary

All persons

had become/got/beenuse only the P.P

USED TO

verbs shown in bold.

Here are some examples with HAD:

1. When had Sasikaran obtained his science degree?

2. Had Reshmi continued her studies for 2 more years?

3. I had met him once before

4. You had already abandoned this idea, hadnt you?

Here are some examples with Universal auxiliaries:

1. Hadnt your children got used to your new house?

2. My classmates had been used to this location already as a picnic site

3. When had you become used to your new motorbike?

4. I hadnt been used to it as yet.

Past Perfect Continuous Tense

We use the past perfect continuous tense for the same 4 situations as given for the past perfect tense. When we want to give importance for the duration of the action concerned we choose the continuous tense. Thus. The continuous tense is interchangeable with the past perfect tense.

Rule

Subject

Auxiliary

verb form

All persons

Had Been

Present in ING


All persons

had kept

- do

Had been getting/

use only the verbs

Becoming USED TOshown in bold.


1. What had our principal been planning about the sports programme?

2. He had been planning it on a grand scale.

3. The children had been driving the parents crazy actually.

4. He hadnt been distributing these notices to all students

With Universal Auxiliaries:

1. Your wards had kept guessing about their future, hadnt they?

2. They had kept driving you mad surely during holidays.

3. Had you been getting used to the rowdy students in this school?

4. Some of us hadnt been becoming used to their hostile attitude.

Future Tense

We use future tense to talk about an action we propose to do in some future time. The action is only in your mind as an intention. This action will take shape only at a later time. Thus, in a future tense sentence, we cannot see any action whatever though it uses auxiliaries and verbs separately.

We make a future tense statement only in present time.

Rules

Subject

Auxiliary

Verb form

All persons

will, shall

Present form


All persons

could

present form

Would

Might

Will/shall/might/would/couldUse only get/

GET/BECOME/BE USED TObecome/be as verbs.

I

am going to

Present form

We, You, They

are going to

He, she, it

is going to

7 Auxiliaries/ Auxiliary sets are used in this tense.


1. I will go by walk to college tomorrow.

2. I shall stay at home

3. He shall go with you to the play ground

4. Raphel shant go with you to the play ground

Here are some examples using Universal Auxiliaries:

1. When could you meet me in my house?

2. I could meet you any time before your dinner time , sir.

3. I could come on time, sir.

4. I shall be used to tea very shortly.

Future Continuous Tense

We use this for an action we propose to do sometime in the future. This definition is the same as for the Future Tense. Thus, the continuous tense is interchangeable with the future tense. But when we want to give importance for the duration of the intended action we choose the continuous tense in preference to the Future tense.

Rules

Subject

Auxiliary

verb form

All Persons

Will be

Present form + ING

Shall be


All Persons

could be

Present form + ING

would be

Might be

Shall/will/could/would/

might KEEP

Will be/shall be/could be/

Would be/ might be getting/

Becoming USED TOuse only the verbs

Getting and Becoming

This tense uses 7 Auxiliary sets.

Be is an Auxiliary here. Do recall that BE is a 3-in-1 word. We have used it as a verb already.


1. She will be seeing you at 3 p.m.

2. Shall we be meeting our parents this Saturday?

3. We shall be meeting them certainly this Saturday

4. I will be changing trains at Delhi, wont you?

Sentences with Universal auxiliaries:

1. When might you be taking leave for your sisters wedding?

2. I could be taking part in it.

3. You wont be becoming used to modern dancing, will you?

4. You could be getting used to a new coach, couldnt you?

Future Perfect Tense

We use the future perfect tense to indicate the completion/termination of an activity by a specified time in the future time period. (What about the action itself? It could be in progress at the time of talking and positively continuing into the future period or the activity could start at some time in the future period but well before the completion time. Thus, this tense could link up all the three time periods.)

If the time of termination of the activity is not shown, it will not be a future perfect tense at all but some other.

Rules

Subject

Auxiliary

Verb form

All persons

will have

P.P form

Shall have

Universal Auxiliary

All persons

will/shall have got/

use only the P.P

Become/been USED TO

verbs shown in

bold.


1. When will you have obtained your science degree?

2. I will have obtained my degree in the year 2005

3. We shall have reached Frankfurt positively by 6 p.m. local time.

4. He will have obtained it by May next year.

Here are some examples with USED TO:

1. How will you have become used to a new country within 2 days?

2. Will you have got used to your lady lecturer by next week?

3. My baby sometimes will cry continuously for some 10 minutes before I fetch the milk for her. (A complex sentence)

4. When will you invite me for a game of bridge in your house?

Future Perfect Continuous Tense

We us the future perfect continuous tense to indicate an activity as being in progress over a period of time and will end by a particular time in the future time period.

Thus, for the concerned situation we may use either the future perfect or future perfect continuous tense but the latter will give prominence for the duration of the activity.

Rules

Subject

Auxiliary

Verb form

All persons

will have been

Present form + ING

Shall have been


All persons

will/shall have KEPT

Present form + ING

Will/shall have been getting/Use only the verbs

Becoming USED TO

shown in Bold.


1. He will have been living in the official residence for 4 years.

2. They will have been fighting their property case for 3 years.

3. Will these three sisters have been fighting their property case for 3 years by next February?

4. Peter will have been changing room three times by next year, wont he?

Here are some examples with universal auxiliaries:

1. We shall have kept visiting him till the end of this college studies.

2. You shall have been getting used to this tennis court by end of next month.

3. Will you have been becoming used to your new moped by next week?

4. They would/might be used to jogging in this college.

Exercises for Grammar

Fill in the blanks with the appropriate preposition:

1. Isnt your small child hiding .. the door?

2. My deskmate quarreled me .. a small point.

3. We should be always loyal .. our country.

4. A circle may not be equivalent a rectangle; it all depends the area.

5. May I go out . My raincoat since the rain has stopped.

Fill in the Blanks with the suitable simple conjunctions:

1. I came running . I couldnt catch the last city bus for Tambaram.

2. .. you work hard, you will not succeed in life.

3. Take a lamp with you .. it is dark outside.

4. Some students had already left .. we arrived at the gate.

5. I am positive . he said so.

Fill up the blanks with a suitable Article:

1. Copper isuseful metal.

2. He is nothonorable man

3. You are..fool to say that.

4. French is..easy language.

5. Sanskrit isdifficult language.

6. He returned after..hour.

7. reindeer is a native of Norway.

8. Do you seeblue sky?

9. Benares is.holy city.

10. John gotbest present.

Fill up the blank with a suitable Auxiliary Verb:

1. I your brothers friend?

2. .we good neighbours?

3. We no friends in this area. We.. a lot of friends in our own colony.

4. These street children .. any decent dress at all.

5. My friend not all that clever.

6. How many night dresses .. there in the cupboard?

7. Where your shoulder bag?

8. Your college ..very big.

9. .you any bread for sale now?

10. We..used to heavy rains in our city during summer months.

Correct the mistake in the following statements:

1. This girl arent in her room now.

2. Susan have only two sisters.

3. Where is all your classmates?

4. They arent a good volley ball players

5. Women and children is not welcome in this meeting.

6. Clever children, not necessarily, has clever parents.

7. I am not revise my lessons now

8. I am feel like a little frog from this morning

9. Mohanrao isnt a good monitor, are he?

10. I am sitting here till the professors arrival. Is you satisfied?

11. Mohan do not talk to you

12. The sun do rise in the east.

13. Meena and Mumtaz does love us very much.

14. How were the breakfast?

15. Johnny and I was good friends.

16. Whose bicycle were this?

17. The football coach was explain the tactics very well.

18. Wasnt it rain very heavily last night?

19. Where did the police caught up with the fleeing thieves?

20. You forget his name, didnt you?

21. When did your small brother joined this school?

22. All my classmates will never oppose this idea, wont he?

23. Will you go to the toilet straightway?

24. They shant traveling together on the same train

25. I shant walking on the sand.

Fill up the blanks with a suitable word:

1. ..all college students above the age of 17?

2. Suresh Koshiattending hockey coaching class these days.

3. Prataps sisterquite tall, isnt she?

4. not the carpenter repariring the chairs now?

5. Whatyou purchasing from this shop?

6. Meenakshi and Kalyani..fighting for 10 minutes yesterday.

7. Iconcentrating on something.

8. Our guests..arrived by 10 p.m. tonight.

9. Some of my classmates.going for a long car drive next week

10. Two and Five.make Eight.

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English Grammar Training Manual

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