Engineer Fahad Hasan Yousuf Hasan Associates Consulting Engineers MEP PROVISIONS HIGH RISE COMMERICAL BUILDING- GREEN APPROACH.

Engineer Fahad Hasan Yousuf Hasan Associates Consulting Engineers

MEP PROVISIONS HIGH RISE COMMERICAL BUILDING- GREEN APPROACH

Engr. Fahad Hasan, Y.H.Associates, [email protected]

High rise Commercial Building Energy plays a vital role in the

development and economic progress of a country. Around 40% of total energy produced is consumed by buildings. In a typical commercial building annually around 30% energy is consumed by the HVAC systems. The typical efficiency of thermal power plant is around 30%. It means that rest of 70% exhaust to the atmosphere in the form of heat.


High rise Commercial Building Imagine yourself in the most fabulous building

in the world. Now take away the lighting, heating and ventilation, the lifts and escalators, acoustics, plumbing, power supply and energy management systems, the security and safety systems...and you are left with a hot, dark, uninhabitable shell.

Everything inside a building which makes it safe and comfortable to be in comes under the title of 'Building services'. A building must do what it was designed to do - not just provide shelter but also be an environment where people can live, work and achieve.


High rise Commercial Building Building services are what makes a building come to life. They

include: energy supply - gas , electricity and renewable sources heating and ventilating water , drainage and plumbing daylighting and artificial lighting escalators and lifts ventilation and refrigeration harnessing solar, wind and biomass energy communications, telephones and IT networks security and alarm systems fire detection and protection air conditioning and refrigeration facade engineering In every place that you see these services...building services engineers

have designed, installed and maintain them in working order.


High rise Commercial Building A design that is green/sustainable is a design that minimizes

the negative human impacts on the natural surroundings, materials, resources and processes that prevail in nature. It is not necessarily a concept that denies the need for any human impact. Rather, it endorses the belief that human kind can exist, multiply, build, and prosper in accord with nature and the earth’s natural processes without inflicting irreversible damages to those processes and the long term habitability of the planet.

The difference between a green and sustainable design is the degree to which the design helps to maintain ecological balance. Some characteristics of green design have no impact in terms of maintaining ecological balance, including indoor environmental quality (IEQ), an important element of green design. Many design characteristics, such as reduced energy usage and pollution, do have positive long-term effect.


High rise Commercial Building A green/sustainable building design is one that achieves high

performance, over the full life cycle in the following areas: Minimizing natural resources consumption through more efficient

utilization of nonrenewable natural resources, land, water and construction materials, including utilization of renewable energy resources to achieve net zero energy consumption.

Minimizing emission that negatively impact our indoor environment and the atmosphere of our planet, especially those related to indoor air quality (IAQ), greenhouse gases, global warming, particulates, or acid rain.

Minimizing discharge of solid waste and liquid effluents, including demolition and occupant waste, sewer, and storm water and the associated infrastrucre required to accommodate removal.

Minimal negative impacts on site ecosystems. Maximum quality of indoor environment, including air quality,

thermal regime, illumination, acoustics/noise, and visual aspects to provide comfortable human physiological perceptions.

While the sustainability is “ providing for the needs of the present without detracting from the ability to fulfill the needs of the future”.


High rise Commercial Building Green projects require more than a project team with

good intentions, they require commitment from the owner, early documentation of sustainable/green goals documented by the Owner’s Project Requirement (OPR) document, and the designers documented basis of design. The most successful projects incorporating green design are ones with dedicated, proactive owners who are willing to examine the entire spectrum of ownership.

Green buildings inevitably extends beyond the concerns of HVAC&R designers alone, since the very concept places an emphasis on integrated design of mechanical, electrical, architectural and other systems.


High rise Commercial Building Some of the high rise

buildings in Pakistan Ocean Tower 28 floors MCB Tower 29 floors Dolmen City 23 floors Habib Bank 22 floorsSome of the high rise buildings

under construction Icon Tower 62 floors Lucky One 30 floors EFU tower 18 floors


MEP Provisions in High rise

In a building construction program

MEP execution came into at a very advanced stage and last till the final handing over of the building to user.

At the early phases of construction planners and structural engineers require input from MEP engineers to keep the provisions for the selected MEP system in the buildings.


MEP System Selection

Common requirements of high rise and low rise buildings

Environment Power & Communication Network Plumbing Utilities Fire Alarm and Fire Fighting System Earthling system and security

Specific requirements of high rise buildings Means of egress (fire escape) Vertical transportation and garbage chutes Utilities distribution and management of MEP services Equipment placement and provisions for future maintenance

and replacement Lightening protection External façade illumination


Common Requirements

Environment

Temperature, Humidity, Air motion, Air purity or quality, Air changes per hour, air and water velocity requirements, local climate, space pressure requirements, capacity requirements, redundancy, spatial requirements, security concerns, first cost , operating cost, maintenance cost, reliability, flexibility, life cycle analysis, sustainability of design, acoustics and vibration, mold and dew prevention.


Common Requirements

Power and Communication Network

Commercial buildings are normally multi user in nature where requirement varies from user to user

Sufficient provisions has to be kept not only to cater the estimated power requirements but also for the future modifications and additions.

Communications network must be open protocol.


Common Requirements

Plumbing Water Supply distribution booster system v/s

gravity based tank supply. Provisions of pressure reducers and Isolation valves

Filling arrangement for overhead tank, provision of buffer tank at intermediate floor.

Balcony/trace drain, roof drains Drainage risers to be located strategically

with access for regular maintenance Transfer floor v/s drainage offset Centralized drinking water system


Common Requirements

Fire Fighting & Alarm System Fire zoning and compartments Sprinkler system with zone control valves Fire hose cabinets for occupants Dry Risers/Fire hose cabinets for fire

fighters Centralized Fire Alarm system in fire rated

conduits Gas based fire fighting system for

protection of big ticket equipment NFPA/BS Codes must be followed


Common Requirements

Earthling System System earthling network to be

provided at each locations Body earthling for central equipment NEC/BS codes must be followed Security CCTV electronic access to various areas to

be provided Parking management system


Specific Requirements

Means of Egress (fire escape) Fire safety code analysis to be conducted Fire compartments to be defined in the

light of fire safety code analysis Fire escapes to be provided with proper

markings Helipad/buffer zones to be provided Fire escape routes must be pressurized

and have fire rated walls and doors Smoke extract system to be provided



Vertical Transportation Traffic study is essential to define the

quantity, capacity and speed of lifts Staircases to be provided for inter-floor

frequent movement to be provided Separate lifts for cargo and food

transportation to be provided

Garbage chute Sufficient number and size of garbage

chute to be provided



Utilities network and management for MEP Sufficient head room is very important in high

rise buildings to install the ducting, piping, cable tray, lighting etc.

Sufficient number and size of shafts to be provided for vertical distribution of services

The vertical shaft size for services in high-rise building is fairly larger than low rise building as it is not only to install the service at once but provision for regular maintenance has to be to kept

Toilet blocks preferably be in stack arrangement



Equipment Rooms It is a good strategy to keep the

equipment rooms for HVAC equipment, data rooms, electrical rooms at the central location as it reduces the head room requirements and provide evenly distribution of services.

Passage for the equipment movement from outside to the plant room must be considered at initial stage. Provision for future removal and regular maintenance to be provided



Lightening protection to be provided as per NEC/British Standards

Façade lighting to be provided as per the elevation design by the architects

Aircraft warning lights are must in all the authorities


Additional Goals

Additional goals In addition to primary goal of providing the desired

environment, the design engineer should be aware of and account for other goals the owner may require. These goals may include the following:

Supporting a process, such as operation of computer equipment

Promoting a germ free environment Increase sales Increasing net rental income Increasing property salability


System Constraints

Once the goal criteria and additional goal options are listed, many constraints must be determined and documented. These constraints many include the following:

Performance limitations Available capacity Available space Available utility sources Available infrastructure Building architecture


Constructability constraints

MEP system issues should be taken into account before the project reaches the construction document phase. Some of these constraints many significantly affect the success of the design and cannot be overlooked in the design phase. Some issues and concerns associated with constructability are as follows:

Existing conditions Maintaining existing building occupancy and operation Construction budget Construction schedule Ability to phase HVAC system installation Equipment availability (i.e. delivery lead times)


Constructability constraints

Cooling loads often contribute to constraints, narrowing the choice to systems that fit in available space and are compatible with building architecture. By establishing the capacity requirement, equipment sizes can be determined, and the choice may be narrowed to those systems that work well on projects within a size range.

No matter how efficiently a particular system operates or how economical it is to install, it can only be considered if it (1) maintains the desired building space environment within an acceptable tolerance under all conditions and occupant activities and (2) physically fits into on or adjacent to the building without being objectionable.


Sustainability

Sustainable energy consumption can be compromised and long term project success can be lost if building operators are not trained to efficiently and effectively operate and maintain the building systems.


Thank youQ&A

Engineer Fahad Hasan Yousuf Hasan Associates Consulting Engineers MEP PROVISIONS HIGH RISE COMMERICAL BUILDING- GREEN APPROACH.

Documents

high rise commercial

fabulous building

typical commercial building

title of building services

design characteristics

sustainable design

high performance

energy management systems