Engine, Lubrication...Engine oil not only lubricates the engine, it also seals, cools and cleans the engine. lso, such things as iltering the intae air and using lo sulur uel helps
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Engine, Lubrication
For more engine information, refer to the Service Information in Group 2 and the appropriate vendor literature.
Engine oil not only lubricates the engine, it also seals, cools and cleans the engine. Also, such things as filtering theintake air and using low sulfur fuel helps protect the engine components. With better engine designs and improvedengine oils, the service intervals have steadily increased. The service interval used depends on the enginemanufacturer specifications. Make sure that oils having the correct oil type and the correct viscosity are used for themileage interval driven.
CautionPlease note that extending oil change intervals beyond the ones given in this Service Bulletin may damage the
engine, and void your warranty, if still in effect.
Shorter oil change intervals are required if the vehicle operates in a dusty environment or if frequent stops and startsare made.
Many aftermarket oil treatment additives claim to improve engine oil performance when added to the engine oil. DoNOT use such aftermarket oil treatment additives. Each oil type recommended in this Service Bulletin already containsadditives that have been tested by engine and oil manufacturers. Adding aftermarket additives may put the engine atrisk of failure.
Always change the oil filters when changing the engine oil. Previously, there were two types of oil filters used — onetype for normal change intervals and one type for extended change intervals. Now, only long-life oil filters should beused with each oil change.
CautionVOLVO branded oil filters are designed to provide the proper level of filtration and protection for VOLVOengines. Filters that do not meet the same stringent requirements may put the engine at risk of failure.
VOLVO Trucks North America cannot guarantee the performance of oil filters not made or sold by VOLVO Trucks
Chassis ID Path1/Service and maintenance/VN, VERSION2/Engine, Lubrication
Model IdentityVN 133896808
Publishing Date ID/Operation No.Tuesday, June 10, 2014
North America. The performance guarantee of any commercially-available oil filter is the responsibility of the filtermanufacturer.
Engine Oil Viscosity
Select an engine oil with the appropriate engine oil viscosity based on the typical ambient temperatures in which thevehicle will be operated. It is not enough to just select the right type of oil; the right oil viscosity is just as important.
According to the Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE), the correct viscosity is determined by the minimum ambienttemperature at cold start and the maximum ambient temperature during engine operation. Use the temperature chart toselect the best viscosity. In general, use the highest viscosity oil available that still meets the cold start-up temperaturerequirements.
Note: When using 10W/30, fuel consumption can be lower than when using 15W/40.
Temperatures refer to constant ambient temperature readings.
Only VDS-4 or EO-O Premium Plus approved oils can be used above +30°C (+86°F). Non VDS-4 / EO-OPremium Plus approved oils can be used up to +30°C (+86°F).Only VDS-2, VDS-3 / EO-N premium Plus and VDS4 / EO-O Premium Plus approved oils.VDS-3 and VDS-4 /. EO-O Premium Plus approved oils of viscosity grade 5W/30 can be used up to +30°C(+86°F).
D12D and D16D Oil Type/Quality
The length of time a vehicle can operate before changing the engine oil depends on the quality of the engine oil used,the type of fuel used, fuel consumption, engine oil consumption, vehicle application, and level of dust in the air. Theengine oil change intervals given in this Service Bulletin are MAXIMUM intervals. In on/off highway driving, severe
off-highway, continuous stop-and-go city driving and extremely high mileages, the oil change interval needs to becustomized for the best protection and economy. Change all engine oil filters at each oil change.
Synthetic engine oils do NOT allow further extension of engine oil change intervals. It is the contamination rate (i.e.,soot and the depletion of additives) rather than base oil quality that determines the useful life of engine oil and,therefore, the oil change intervals.
Note: Engines meeting the emissions requirements of 2004 operate under more severe conditions than previousengines. This lead VOLVO to require an oil that meets both VDS-2 and EO-N Premium Plus quality or both VDS-2 andAPI CI-4 quality standards for model year 2003 through 2006 VOLVO engines. Earlier engines also work better withthese oils. They are not required, but are strongly recommended.
CautionExtra oil additives must never be added to any engine oil used.
Note: For D12D and D16D engines, VOLVO strongly recommends to use oils meeting both VDS-2 and EO-NPremium Plus at all times.
Note: For information on the oil change intervals for non-VOLVO engines, refer to the appropriate vendorliterature.
D12D Engines
Note: Use the information in the following table to determine the operating condition and usage applicable to yourvehicle.
Type of OperationAverage fuelconsumption is over4.7 liters per 10 Km(under 5.0 miles pergallon)Gross combinedweight (GCW) isgreater than45,000 kg (100,000lb.)Idle time is 40% orhigherVehicle operates offroad or in dustyareasVehicle operates ininner city delivery
Average fuelconsumption isbetween 4.7 and 3.6liters per 10 Km(between 5.0 and 6.5miles per gallon)GCW is less than45,000 kg (100,000lb.)Vehicle operates inregional distribution
Average fuelconsumption isunder 3.6 liters per10 Km (over 6.5miles per gallon)GCW is less than36,000 kg (80,000lb.)Highway operationonly
Mileage* 19,000 Km (12,000 miles) 24,000 Km (15,000 miles) 40,000 Km (25,000 miles)
Months* 4 4 4
Hours* 300 400 600
Fuel Usage* 9,500 liters(2,500 gallons)
11,500 liters(3,000 gallons)
15,000 liters(4,000 gallons)
Normal Oil Qualities
Oil Quality both VDS-2 and API CI-4
Mileage* 14,000 Km(9,000 miles)
18,000 Km(11,000 miles)
30,000 Km(19,000 miles)
Months* 4 4 4
Hours* 250 300 450
Fuel Usage* 7,100 liters(1,900 gallons)
8,500 liters(2,200 gallons)
11,500 liters(3,000 gallons)
* Whichever comes first
D16D Engines
Note: Use the information in the following table to determine the operating condition and usage applicable to yourvehicle.
Type of OperationAverage fuel consumption isover 4.7 liters per 10 Km(below 5.0 miles per gallon)Gross combined weight(GCW) is greater than 50,000kg (110,000 lb.)Idle time is 40% or higher
Average fuel consumption isunder 4.7 liters per 10 Km(above 5.0 miles per gallon)GCW is equal to or less than50,000 kg (110,000 lb.)Idle time is less than 40%
Note: All three conditions (fuelconsumption, GCW and idle time)must be fulfilled to use this interval.
The length of time a vehicle can operate before changing the engine oil depends on the quality of the engine oil used,the type of fuel used, fuel consumption, engine oil consumption, vehicle application, and level of dust in the air. Theengine oil change intervals given in this Service Bulletin are MAXIMUM intervals. In on/off highway driving, severeoff-highway, continuous stop-and-go city driving and extremely high mileages, the oil change interval needs to becustomized for the best protection and economy. Change all engine oil filters at each oil change.
VOLVO Trucks North America cannot guarantee the performance of filters that are not made or sold by VOLVO TrucksNorth America. The performance guarantee of any commercially available filters is the responsibility of the filtermanufacturer.
Synthetic engine oils do NOT allow further extension of engine oil change intervals. It is the contamination rate (i.e.,soot and the depletion of additives) rather than base oil quality that determines the useful life of engine oil and,therefore, the oil change intervals.
Note: Engines meeting the emissions requirements of 2007 are designed with exhaust aftertreatment systemsrequiring a new engine oil quality. This has lead VOLVO to require an oil that meets VDS-4 and EO-O Premium Plusquality standards for model year 2007 and later VOLVO engines. VDS-4 and EO-O Premium Plus are both based onthe newly developed API CJ-4 engine oil specification, but have additional performance requirements essential toadequately protect the VOLVO engines at the drain intervals specified. Earlier engines also work better with the abovementioned oils, but are not required.
CautionExtra oil additives must never be added to any engine oil used.
Note: For the D11F, D13F and D16F engines, VOLVO strongly recommends using oils that meet both VDS-4and EO-O Premium Plus quality standards at all times.
Note: For information about oil change intervals for non-VOLVO engines, refer to the appropriate enginemanufacturer's literature.
D11F and D13F Engines
Note: Use the information in the following table to determine the operating condition and usage applicable to yourvehicle.
Engine Operating Condition Medium Heavy Severe
Total Fuel Consumption (L/100 Km) Less than 39 Less than 50 Less than 64
Total Fuel Consumption (mpg) More than 6.0 More than 4.7 More than 3.7
Engine Oil and Filter Change Interval —36 L (38 quarts) oil capacity
56,000 Km(35,000 miles)
40,000 Km(25,000 miles)
24, 000 Km(15,000 miles)
Note: If idle time is greater than 25%, use the next lower drain interval.
D16F Engines
Note: Use the information in the following table to determine the operating condition and usage applicable to yourvehicle.
Engine Operating Condition Medium Heavy Severe
Total Fuel Consumption (L/100 Km) Less than 39 Less than 50 Less than 64
Total Fuel Consumption (mpg) More than 6.0 More than 4.7 More than 3.7
Engine Oil and Filter Change Interval— 42 L (44 quarts) oil capacity
56,000 Km(35,000 miles)
40,000 Km(25,000 miles)
24,000 Km(15,000 miles)
Engine Oil and Filter Change Interval— 52 L (55 quarts) oil capacity
80,000 Km(50,000 miles)
56,000 Km(35,000 miles)
40,000 Km(25,000 miles)
Note: If idle time is greater than 25%, use the next lower drain interval.
D11H, D13H and D16H Engine Oil Type/Quality
The length of time a vehicle can operate before changing the engine oil depends on the quality of the engine oil used,the type of fuel used, fuel consumption, engine oil consumption, vehicle application, and level of dust in the air. Theengine oil change intervals given in this Service Bulletin are MAXIMUM intervals. In on/off highway driving, severeoff-highway, continuous stop-and-go city driving and extremely high mileages, the oil change interval needs to becustomized for the best protection and economy. Change all engine oil filters at each oil change.
Synthetic engine oils do NOT allow further extension of engine oil change intervals. It is the contamination rate (i.e.,soot and the depletion of additives) rather than base oil quality that determines the useful life of engine oil and,
Note: Engines meeting the emissions requirements of 2010 and later are designed with exhaust aftertreatmentsystems requiring a new engine oil quality. This has lead VOLVO to require an oil that meets VDS-4 quality standardsfor model year 2010 and later VOLVO engines. The VDS-4 quality standard is based on the newly developed API CJ-4engine oil specification, but has additional performance requirements essential to adequately protect the VOLVOengines at the drain intervals specified. So, all engine oils recommended in this Service Bulletin also meet the VDS-2,VDS-3, EO-N Premium Plus and API CJ-4 specifications. Pre-2010 engines also work better with the recommendedengine oils. They are not required, but are strongly recommended.
CautionExtra oil additives must never be added to any engine oil used.
Note: For the D11H, D13H and D16H engines, VOLVO strongly recommends using oils that meet both VDS-4and EO-O Premium Plus quality standards at all times.
Note: For information about oil change intervals for non-VOLVO engines, refer to the appropriate enginemanufacturer's literature.
D11H and D13H Engines
Note: Use the information in the following table to determine the operating condition and usage applicable toyour vehicle.
Engine Operating Condition Medium Heavy Severe Very Severe
Total Fuel Consumption (L/100Km)
Less than 39 Less than 50 Less than 64 Less than 120
Total Fuel Consumption (mpg) More than 6.0 More than 4.7 More than 3.7 More than 2.0
Engine Oil/ Filter ChangeInterval — 36 L (38 quarts) oilcapacity
56,000 Km(35,000 mi.)
40,000 Km(25,000 mi.)
24,000 Km(15,000 mi.)
16,000 Km(10,000 mi.)
Note: If idle time is greater than 25%, use the next lower change interval.
D16H Engines
Note: Use the information in the following table to determine the operating condition and usage applicable toyour vehicle.
Engine Operating Condition Medium Heavy Severe Very Severe
Total Fuel Consumption (L/100Km)
Less than 39 Less than 50 Less than 64 Less than 120
Total Fuel Consumption (mpg) More than 6.0 More than 4.7 More than 3.7 More than 2.0
Engine Oil and Filter ChangeInterval — 42 L (44 quarts) oilcapacity
56,000 Km(35,000 mi.)
40,000 Km(25,000 mi.)
24,000 Km(15,000 mi.)
16,000 Km(10,000 mi.)
Engine Oil and Filter ChangeInterval — 52 L (55 quarts) oilcapacity
80,000 Km(50,000 mi.)
56,000 Km(35,000 mi.)
40,000 Km(25,000 mi.)
24,000 Km(15,000 mi.)
Note: If idle time is greater than 25%, use the next lower drain interval.
3 Max permitted fuel to be used between each engine oil change is 25 000 liters.
4 Max permitted fuel to be used between each engine oil change is 20 000 liters.
5 Max permitted fuel to be used between each engine oil change is 16 000 liters.
Engine Oil Capacity
All Engines
Model Engine Approximate oil change capacity in liters (US quarts)
Normal oil change (including filter) Maximum to minimum ondipstick
VN D12D 33 L (35 qts.) 8 L (8.5 qts.)
VHD D12D 38 L (40 qts.) 6 L (6.5 qts.)
VNL D16D 42 L (44 qts.), standard 8 L (8.5 qts.)
52 L (55 qts.), optional
VT D16D 52 L (55 qts.) 8 L (8.5 qts.)
VN, VHD D11F, D11H, D13F,D13H
36 L (38 qts.) 8 L (8.5 qts.)
VNL D16F, D16H 42 L (44 qts.), standard 8 L (8.5 qts.)
52 L (55 qts.), optional
VT D16F, D16H 52 L (55 qts.) 8 L (8.5 qts.)
Fuel Filters
Note: Drain the primary filter water trap daily. When draining the fuel filters, collect the waste fuel in a fuel-safecontainer. Always dispose of fuel according to Federal or local regulations. Dispose of the drained fuel and water at arecycle or waste management center.
Fuel filters are an important part of the fuel system. For the best engine operation and service life, always replace thefilters at every engine oil change and use the recommended filter types.
Attached to the fuel tank support bracket is the fuel tank ventilation filter. The purpose of this component is tofilter out contaminants that can enter the fuel tank from the vent lines.
This filter should be replaced in conjunction with the vehicle air filter, every 12 months.
1 – Fuel Tank Ventilation Filter
Exhaust Stanchion Mounted – Fuel Tank Ventilation Filter
The fuel tank ventilation filter is added to the fuel tank vent lines and mounted on the stanchion exhaust bracketat the right side of the truck. This is for extremely dusty applications. For both single or dual tank applications,the vent-lines will run from the tank vent fittings to the fuel tank ventilation filter.
This filter should be replaced in conjunction with the vehicle air filter, every 12 months.
Water and large contaminants fall to the bottom of the body and can be drained away. Dispose of the drainedwater/fuel in an environmentally safe manner.
Note: DO NOT drain the water separator bowl while the engine is running.
Note: Drain the filter water trap daily. Change the fuel/water separator filter at every oil change or when the fuelreaches the top of the filter.
“SEEING IS BELIEVING” ® The patented clear cover allows the user to know when .not to change the filterFuel level rises as the filter media becomes contaminated, the fuel filter doesn’t need replacement until the fuellevel is at the Top Of The Filter.
CautionThe condition of the engine intake air filter is monitored by the air cleaner pressure differential sensor mountedon the air filter housing. Continued operation with the air cleaner pressure differential sensor gauge showing in
the red (indicating a clogged air filter) may cause damage to the engine. Also, operating the engine with adamaged air filter allows dust to pass directly into the engine, causing damage. Promptly replace clogged or
damaged air filters.
Air Pressure Differential Sensor
Note: In some cases, the sensor may be connected to a telltale signal on the instrument panel which illuminates whenthe air filter needs to be changed. Refer to the vehicle operator's manual for additional information.
The air cleaner pressure differential sensor gauge should be inspected regularly to monitor the condition of the air filter.Replace the main air filter when indicated by the sensor gauge or after a maximum of two years, whichever comes first.The optional extra filter insert should be changed with every third main air filter change.
Main Engine Air Filter
Optional Extra Filter Insert
Engine Component Maintenance Intervals
D11, D13 and D16 Engines
Engine Coolant
CautionVOLVO Trucks North America recommends using a proper mixture of approved antifreeze and water in theengine cooling system. VOLVO Trucks North America does NOT recommend using only plain water as a
coolant. Water alone is corrosive at engine operating temperatures and does not provide adequate boil-over
protection. With plain water as a coolant, the boiling point is lower compared to a proper antifreeze and watermixture, allowing the cooling system to develop corrosion and cavitation problems in the engine and radiator.
Failure to follow VOLVO Trucks North America's cooling system care/maintenance recommendations canrender the warranty invalid.
Note: Antifreeze is hazardous to humans and animals if ingested. Always dispose of coolant according to Federal orlocal regulations. Dispose of used coolant at a recycling or waste collection center.
With a manual transmission, the engine coolant system capacity is approximately 50 liters (53 US quarts) . With anI-Shift automatic transmission, the capacity is approximately 59.5 liters (63 US quarts).
Change the coolant filter and coolant according to the intervals in the following table:
CoolantFilter
Chemical Release used w/ fullyformulated coolant
80,000 Km (50,000 mi.) or 6 months, whichever comes first
Long-life used w/ extended lifecoolant
240,000 Km (150,000 mi.) or 12 months, whichever comesfirst
Coolant Fully formulated 500,000 Km (300,000 mi.) or 24 months, whichever comesfirst
Extended-life (no “extender”package required)
1,000,000 Km (600,000 mi.) or 48 months, whichevercomes first
Drive Belts (Fan and Accessory)
All engine drive belts have automatic belt tensioners that automatically maintain the correct belt tension without theneed for manual adjustment. All drive belts should be checked at each service point and inspected for cracks or frayedmaterial. Replace any drive belt that displays such obvious wear or defects. Otherwise, replace the drive beltsaccording to the intervals in the following table:
VT, VNL, VNMmodels:
500,000 Km (300,000 mi.) or 36months, whichever comes first
VHD models: 241,500 Km (150,000 mi.) or 12months, whichever comes first