Energy Efficiency & Renewable Energy eere.energy.gov 1 Zia Haq – U.S. Department of Energy Biomass Program Biofuels Activities at DO
Dec 24, 2015
Energy Efficiency & Renewable Energy eere.energy.gov
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Zia Haq – U.S. Department of Energy Biomass Program
Biofuels Activities at DOE
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Global Biofuels Utilization
• Global transportation markets consumed 24 billion gallons of biofuels in 20091
– sugarcane-based ethanol (primarily Brazil)– starch-based ethanol (primarily U.S.) – biodiesel (soybean in U.S. and Brazil, and rapeseed in Europe)
• U.S. biofuels production in 2010– 13 billion gallons of starch-based ethanol – 310 million gallons of soybean based biodiesel
• U.S. transportation sector demand in 20101
– U.S. Crude oil and petroleum products supplied was 294 billion gallons
– U.S. motor gasoline supplied was 138 billion gallons– U.S. diesel fuel supplied was 58 billion gallons – U.S. jet fuel supplied was 22 billion gallons 1EIA Data
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U.S. Biofuel Production, Consumption, and Trade
Ethanol Production
(mgy)
Ethanol Consumption
(mgy)
Ethanol Imports (mgy)
2005 3,904
4,059
136
2006 4,884
5,481
731
2007 6,521
6,886
439
2008 9,309
9,683
530
2009
10,938 11,037
198
2010
13,231 13,189
10
Biodiesel Production
(mgy)
Biodiesel Consumption
(mgy)
Net Imports (mgy)*
2005
91
91
0
2006
250
261
10
2007
490
358
-132
2008
678
316
-362
2009
506
317
-189
2010
311
222
-82
The U.S. biofuels market is primarily a domestic market with a small portion of demand being supplied by imports mainly from Brazil
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Sustainable Biofuels, Biopower, and Bioproducts
The Biomass Program is working to advance biomass technologies in support of DOE’s mission to strengthen America’s energy security,
environmental quality, and economic vitality through:
Feedstocks
Improving conversion
efficiencies and costs
Evaluating vehicle
emissions, performance,
and deployment
options
Providing a clean,
domestic, dispatchable
renewable source of power
Expanding portfolio beyond
cellulosic ethanol to
hydrocarbon fuels
Developing lower cost feedstock logistics systems
Conversion technologies
Systematically validating and
deploying technology at first-of-a-kind
facilities
Infrastructure Biopower Advanced biofuels
Integrated biorefineries
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Exploring Multiple Routes to Biomass
R E
F I
N I
N G
Platforms
FeedstockProduction& Logistics
• Energy crops
• Waste Streams
• Algae
Ethanol
Butanol
Olefins
Aromatics
Gasoline
Diesel
Jet
Heat and Power
Co or By Products
Power
Pyrolysis Oil Platform
Syngas Platform
LiquidBio-oil
Enzymatic Hydrolysis
Sugars Fermentation
Cellulosic Sugar Platform
Algal and other Bio-Oils
Transesterification Catalytic Upgrading
Research on multiple conversion pathways aims to improve the efficiency and economics of biofuels production.
ProductsFeedstocks
Fast Pyrolysis
Gasification
Lipid (Oil) Platform
Raw syngas
Filtration & Clean-up
Upgrading
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Energy Security: Liquid Fossil Fuel Displacement
Source: Energy Information Administration, “Oil: Crude Oil and Petroleum Products Explained” and AEO2009, Updated February 2010, Reference Case.
• Below E10, refiners can adapt
• Somewhere above E10, problems arise:– Refiners shift gasoline to lower-value products– Reduced crude runs reduce diesel / jet supply– Refinery balance can be disrupted (aromatics,
H2, light / heavy, heat / process integration, etc.)
• Foreseeable capacity ~100% ethanol:– Conv. RF will be ethanol (mostly corn)– Adv. NCRF will be ethanol (mostly cane)– Adv. CRF will initially be ethanol (cellulosic)– Limited biodiesel & renewable diesel from veg
oils and waste fats & oil
• No single hydrocarbon is a panacea:– Paraffin vs. aromatic– Single component (volatility)– Acceptability as “contaminant” in other fuels– Combustion behavior– Refinery adaptability
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Biomass Program’s Integrated Biorefinery Project Portfolio
For more information visit: http://www.eere.energy.gov/biomass/integrated_biorefineries.html
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• 11 integrated biorefinery projects are investigating hydrocarbons from biomass resources:
– Flambeau – New Page – Haldor – GTI – REII – Elevance – Solazyme – ClearFuels – Amyris – Sapphire – UOP.
• GTI and REII are R&D projects.• 9 projects are pilot,
demonstration and commercial scale.
DOE Biomass Program and Hydrocarbon Fuels
For more information visit: http://www.eere.energy.gov/biomass/integrated_biorefineries.html
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Integrated Biorefinery Status
• Investments broadened to include more hydrocarbon fuels, diverse biomass feedstocks, and geographical diversity:Over $1B in DOE investments in 29 IBR projects
»11 hydrocarbon fuels - $326M »16 cellulosic ethanol - $703M»1 butanol - $30M»1 succinic acid - $50M
• These projects represent up to 170 million gallons in planned capacity of biofuels and products by 2014, with an industry cost share of about $2.5Bm, including loan guarantees
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• Diamond Green Diesel, LLC joint venture between Valero Energy Corp., and Darling International Inc. facility in Norco, Louisiana, - $241 million
• Feedstocks: animal fats, used cooking oil, and other waste grease streams. Product: 137 million gallons/year of renewable diesel.
• 700 jobs during construction and 60 jobs during operation
• First application of UOP hydrotreating/isomerization process known as EcofiningTM and a pre-treatment process from Desmet Ballestra Group.
• Reduce greenhouse gases by more than 80% compared to fossil based diesel
DOE Conditional Commitment for a Loan Guarantee for Advanced Biofuels Plant
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National Advanced Biofuels Consortium: Biorefinery Integration
• Three possible insertion points• Develop new technologies that use today’s infrastructure
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Algae Portfolio
15%
9%
10%65%
Lignocellulosic R&D
Algae R&D
Algae De-ployment
Lignocellulosic Deployment
Sustainability
*2010 appropriations and ARRA funds
• Feedstock production and crop protection
• Energy efficient harvesting and drying
• Extraction, conversion, and product purification
• Siting and sustainability of resources
• Co-products
• Techno-economic modeling
$178M
Pilot-scale raceway ponds, courtesy of Cellana LLC
Pilot-scale photobioreactor systems, courtesy of ASU
Algae Investment is Significant
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• Office of Biomass Program- www.eere.energy.gov/biomass/
• 2011 Biomass Program Review – http://www.obpreview2011.govtools.us/
• Alternative Fuels Data Center- www.eere.energy.gov/afdc/fuels/ethanol.html
• Bioenergy Feedstock Information Network - bioenergy.ornl.gov/
• Biomass R&D Board – www.biomassboard.gov
• Grant Solicitations - www.grants.gov and www.fedconnect.net
• Office of Science – www.science.doe.gov/
• Loan Guarantee Program Office – www.lgprogram.energy.gov
Information Resources